CN203219161U - Motor for draining pump and draining pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a motor for a draining pump. The motor comprises a shell, a motor shaft, a rotor assembly and a stator assembly. The motor shaft is connected to an impeller of the draining pump at one end part of the motor to drive the impeller. The side wall of the shell is provided with a terminal port for containing a wiring terminal and a terminal protection structure which comprises a protection plate arranged above the terminal port. The protection plate extends from the outer surface of the shell to an outer cantilever and extends downward and obliquely toward one side of the terminal port. The utility model also provides the draining pump. According to the draining pump and the motor provided by the utility model, the wiring terminal is effectively protected, and the reliability and safety of the connection with an external power supply are ensured.

Description

Draining pump motor and draining pump

Technical field

The utility model relates to the draining pump technical field, and more specifically, the utility model relates to a kind of draining pump motor and comprises the draining pump of this motor.

Background technology

At present, the used draining pump motor of household electrical appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine recirculated water or draining is generally induction motor or single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor.Induction motor is because lower, the complex structure of efficient, volume is big, cost is higher, progressively withdraws from household electrical appliance draining pump applications such as dishwasher, washing machine.Single-phase permanent synchronous machine itself can't be realized directed rotation, need increase non-return mechanism at rotor structure and prevent the motor reverse rotation, and the electric machine structure of single-phase permanent synchronous machine is complicated, and it is bigger to start noise.

On the other hand, the existing used impeller of draining pump of household electrical appliance such as washing machine, dishwasher generally is made of the some blades that are installed on the axle sleeve, and blade is straight blade, in the drainage procedure, make water be issued to the draining purpose at centrifugal force, tangential shearing action, its shortcoming is that draining pump discharge is little, and in-fighting is big, and current axially also have the part shearing force, can push end cap and motor shaft, cause the end cap distortion, rotor assembly is offset and cisco unity malfunction, forms noise.Simultaneously, because between impeller and the pump seat certain clearance being arranged, water has just produced eddy current under the effect of axial shearing force, and as washing machine, dishwasher class household electrical appliance, can contain foreign material such as more or less fiber, cotton yarn in the sewage of required discharge, these foreign material are followed the vortex of water, arrive the bearing place, be wrapped on the axle of water pump, behind the long-play, the foreign material of winding increase gradually, make pump shaft produce resistance, normally draining can make the water pump stall when serious, burn out.

Along with the proposition of green household electrical appliances theory and the enhancing of environmental consciousness, existing draining pump can't satisfy everybody requirement more and more higher to the living environment comfort level.Therefore, need a kind of novel draining pump, it is simple in structure, and volume is less, and efficient is higher, and operating noise is less.

The utility model content

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, according to first aspect of the present utility model, provide a kind of draining pump brushless motor, comprising: motor casing; Motor shaft; Rotor assembly is installed on the described motor shaft and the rotation synchronously with the rotation of described motor shaft, comprises rotor core and embeds rotor magnetic pole on described rotor core; Stator module comprises stator core and is wound on threephase stator winding in the stator core slot; And control board, comprise three-phase inverting circuit, and comprise the circuit control assembly, this circuit control assembly adopts the space vector pulse width modulation technology to control the three-phase voltage that described three-phase inverting circuit is exported to the threephase stator winding on the described stator module, wherein, described control board is accommodated in the described motor casing.

Thus, this brushless motor can be realized directed rotation, and need not to adopt non-return mechanism.Preferably, control board also comprises the circuit control assembly, and this circuit control assembly adopts the space vector pulse width modulation technology to control the three-phase voltage that described three-phase inverting circuit is exported to the stator winding on the described stator module.

Preferably, stator module adopts the fractional-slot structure.Preferably, the shared electric angle scope in the pole span scope of correspondence of the single rotor magnetic pole in the rotor assembly is 90 °-120 °.Preferably, control board also comprises detection part and analog-to-digital conversion parts, three-phase voltage and three-phase current and output three-phase voltage detection signal and three-phase current detection signal that described detection part is exported to the threephase stator winding on the described stator module for detection of described three-phase inverting circuit; Described analog-to-digital conversion parts are digital voltage signal and digital current signal with the detected three-phase voltage detection signal of described detection part and three-phase current converting sensed signals, and digital voltage signal and the digital current signal that is converted to offered described circuit control assembly.Preferably, the circuit control assembly utilizes digital voltage signal and the digital current signal that receives from described analog-to-digital conversion parts, adopts sliding-mode control to estimate the position of the rotor magnetic pole of described rotor assembly.Preferably, the circuit control assembly utilizes position and described digital voltage signal and the digital current signal of estimated rotor magnetic pole, adopts the generation of space vector pulse width modulation technology to be used for the pulse signal of the device for power switching of the described three-phase inverting circuit of control.Preferably, control board also comprises the difference amplifier unit, described difference amplifier unit receives described three-phase voltage detection signal and three-phase current detection signal from described detection part, amplify described three-phase voltage detection signal and three-phase current detection signal, and the three-phase voltage detection signal after will amplifying and three-phase current detection signal output to described analog-to-digital conversion parts.Preferably, the circuit control assembly is one or more microprocessors or digital signal processor.Preferably, control board also comprises three-phase output end and earth terminal, described three-phase output end is connected with the three-phase output end of described three-phase inverting circuit respectively and is connected with described threephase stator winding respectively, and described earth terminal is connected with the central point of described three-phase inverting circuit and is connected with the central point of described threephase stator winding.Preferably, on described control board, described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part are arranged together, and described circuit control assembly, described difference amplifier unit and described analog-to-digital conversion parts and described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part are arranged apart.Preferably, control board is fixed together by mode and the described stator module that machinery cooperates.Preferably, brushless motor is used for the draining pump of dishwasher or washing machine.Preferably, motor casing not exclusively seals, and makes the part of stator module expose.

In addition, according to second aspect of the present utility model, provide a kind of draining pump, comprised the described brushless motor in aspect as described above and the water pump part that is driven by brushless motor.Described water pump partly comprises water pump shell and impeller, the side that described motor casing stretches out at motor shaft have for the fixing fixed structure of described water pump shell, and described impeller is fixedly attached to described motor shaft so that rotate with described motor shaft under the driving of described brushless motor.

Compared with prior art, adopt according to brushless motor of the present utility model and can realize directed rotation, and need not to adopt non-return mechanism, also make draining pump of the present utility model more efficient and compact thus.

According to the third aspect of the present utility model, a kind of draining pump is provided, described draining pump comprises impeller and is used for the brushless motor of drives impeller, this impeller comprises wheel disc and a plurality of blade that is arranged on the wheel disc, described blade extends away from sheave surface from sheave surface along the impeller axis direction, and have the adjacent impeller axis first end and away from the impeller axis and with the first end second opposed end; Wherein blade has the cross sectional shape of smooth curved in the plane perpendicular to the impeller axis, described cross sectional shape comprises first curved section of contiguous first end and second curved section of contiguous second end at least, first curved section has first curvature radius, and second curved section has the second curvature radius that is different from first curvature radius.

Preferably, first curvature radius is greater than second curvature radius.Preferably, first end is that arrival end and second end of blade are the port of export of blade.Preferably, the center of curvature of first curved section and second curved section is in the same side of blade.Preferably, blade also comprises linearity between first curved section and second curved section or the 3rd section of arc.Preferably, the 3rd section is the 3rd curved section with the 3rd radius of curvature, and the 3rd radius of curvature is greater than first and second radius of curvature.Preferably, the 3rd section is the 3rd curved section with the 3rd radius of curvature, and the 3rd radius of curvature is between first and second radius of curvature.Preferably, first curved section is the inlet angle α of blade at the tangent line at the first end place with angle in the radial direction of this position, and the inlet angle α of described blade is 0-25 °; And second curved section is the blade outlet angle β of blade at the tangent line at the second end place with angle in the radial direction of this position, and the blade outlet angle β of described blade is 70-90 °.Preferably, wheel disk center has impeller bore, is used for being connected with motor reel, is provided with at least one relief hole in the annular section between first end of impeller bore and blade.Preferably, described wheel disc and blade are integrally formed as single-piece.Preferably, described draining pump also comprises as the described brushless motor of first aspect.

According to fourth aspect of the present utility model, a kind of draining impeller of pump also is provided, comprise the blade wheel structure that the third aspect as described above limits.

By adopting arc shaped blade, make blade adopt the most rationally curved pattern and inlet blade angle and outlet blade angle, reduce flow losses, improved operating efficiency.Design by wheel disc, prevented that current are to the impact of end cap and the damage that causes thus, simultaneously, because the axial force that current produce is less, avoid the impact of current to motor shaft and rotor, prevented from causing thus the rotor off-axis, produced noise, guarantee that it in axial operate as normal, has prolonged its working life.The vortex of water is followed in the design of the wheel disc also foreign material in the anti-sealing, arrives the bearing place, is wrapped on the axle of water pump, makes pump shaft produce resistance behind the long-play, and normally draining makes the water pump stall in the time of seriously, burns out.The design of relief hole has guaranteed that wheel disc two side hydraulic pressures are identical, avoids the excessive damage that wheel disc is caused of a side water impact.Draining pump impeller provided by the utility model and draining pump are simple in structure, and the life-span is longer, and are fit to produce in batches.

According to the 5th aspect of the present utility model; the motor that provides a kind of draining pump to use; this motor comprises shell, motor shaft, rotor assembly and stator module; motor shaft is connected to the impeller of draining pump at the place, an end of motor; be used for drives impeller; wherein the sidewall of this shell is provided with terminal mouth and the terminal protection structure that holds binding post; terminal protection structure comprises the baffle that terminal mouth top is set; this baffle stretches out from the outside cantilever of outer surface of outer cover, and has a down dip towards a side direction of terminal mouth and tiltedly to extend.

Preferably, on the direction of insertion in terminal insertion end rim of the mouth, this baffle extends along direction of insertion.Preferably, this baffle dips down towards another end relative with a described end of shell along the electrical axis direction and tiltedly extends.Preferably, the angle of inclination is less than 30 °.Preferably, terminal protection structure also comprises from the batten plate of baffle lowest edge or near downward extension, makes baffle and batten plate form the L shaped structure of inversion that centers on the terminal mouth at least in part.Preferably, terminal protection structure also comprises the wall portion that protrudes upward from the baffle outermost edges.Preferably, terminal protection structure also comprises the wall portion that protrudes upward from the high rim of baffle and outermost edges, makes baffle, wall portion and shell form a rhone.Preferably, motor is brushless motor.Preferably, the whole width that baffle is striden the terminal mouth extends, or extends beyond the both sides of terminal mouth.

Also provide a kind of according to the 6th aspect of the present utility model and comprised the aforementioned electric motivation and by the draining pump of electric motor driven impeller.

Thus, when the motor top had water droplet to fall, because the existence of terminal protection structure is arranged, water can slide into the side drippage along its inclined-plane, thereby has effectively protected binding post, has guaranteed its reliability that is connected with external power source and fail safe.Electric machine structure simplicity of design provided by the utility model is easily gone, and production cost is low, is suitable for industrial production.

First aspect of the present utility model is applicable to second to the 6th aspect of the present utility model comparably, and vice versa.

Other features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the following description, and, partly from specification, become apparent, perhaps understand by implementing the utility model.The purpose of this utility model and other advantages can realize and obtain by specifically noted structure in specification, claims and accompanying drawing.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, and constitutes the part of specification, is used from explanation the utility model with embodiment one of the present utility model, does not constitute restriction of the present utility model.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 illustrates the draining pump external structure schematic diagram according to the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 illustrates the draining pump STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION schematic diagram according to the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 3 illustrates the cutaway view of using brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 4 illustrates the fractional-slot structure of using brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 5 illustrates the schematic diagram of using the distributed polar rotor field structure of brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 6 illustrates the schematic diagram of using the salient pole rotor field structure of brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 7 illustrates the three phase sine winding distribution map of using brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 8 illustrates the inverter circuit figure that uses brushless motor according to the employing space vector pulse width modulation technology control draining pump of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 9 illustrates the control block diagram of using brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment;

Figure 10 illustrates the schematic diagram of using the air-gap field waveform of brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment;

Figure 11 illustrates the schematic diagram according to the current waveform of the stator winding of the draining pump usefulness brushless motor of the utility model embodiment;

Figure 12 illustrates the three-dimensional view according to the draining impeller of pump of the utility model embodiment;

Figure 13 illustrates the front view according to the draining impeller of pump of the utility model embodiment;

Figure 14 illustrates the amplification partial elevation view according to the draining impeller of pump of the utility model embodiment; And

Figure 15 illustrates the three-dimensional view according to the terminal protection structure of the utility model embodiment.

Embodiment

Describe in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings according to each embodiment of the present utility model.Here, it should be noted that in the accompanying drawings, identical Reference numeral is given had part identical or similar structures and function basically, and will omit being repeated in this description about them.Generally speaking, the embodiment shown in each accompanying drawing is different embodiment, although the possibility of the reference number in each accompanying drawing is identical and each accompanying drawing may be able to use with being fitted to each other.Should be understood that term " on ", D score, " making progress ", " downwards " directional terms be the description at the orientation shown in the accompanying drawing, these orientation are not restrictive.If not otherwise specified, term herein " inwardly ", " outwards ", " interior ", " outward ", " inboard ", " outside " refer to the scope with respect to the parts center, for example with electrical axis as reference, interior and inboard refers to position or orientation more close or the sensing electrical axis, outer and the outside refers to orientation or the orientation further from electrical axis, and for each position on the electrical axis, the outside or outside refers to further from the motor center position.In addition, terms such as term " level ", " vertically ", " dangling " are not represented to require the parts abswolute level or dangle, but can tilt a little.Only refer to its direction relative " vertically " level more as " level ", be not this structure of expression level fully, but can tilt a little.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, show draining pump external structure schematic diagram and draining pump STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION schematic diagram according to the utility model embodiment.

As shown in Figure 1, the draining pump according to the utility model embodiment can comprise water pump part 1 and motor portion 2.

As shown in Figure 2, described water pump part 1 can comprise water pump shell 11 and impeller 13.In addition, described water pump part 1 can also comprise sealing ring 12, and sealing ring 12 is arranged between water pump part 1 and the motor portion 2, is used for guaranteeing the watertightness of the connecting portion between described water pump part and the motor portion.

Water pump shell 11 is for defining the general cylindrical parts of pump chamber, and its first end opens wide, and be used for being connected to motor portion, and opposite second end is provided with water inlet.The sidewall of water pump shell 11 is provided with delivery port, and being connected of described delivery port and described pump chamber.

Impeller 13 is arranged in the pump chamber of water pump shell 11.The motor shaft 221 of motor portion 2 extend in the pump chamber, and impeller is fixedly attached to motor shaft 221 so that can be with motor shaft 221 rotations under motor driven.

As shown in Figure 2, motor portion 2 comprises brushless motor 22.Brushless motor 22 comprises motor shaft 221, rotor assembly 222, stator module 223 and control board 224.Brushless motor 22 comprises motor casing, and motor casing comprises main casing 21 and insulating cover 23.

Control board 224 is contained in the motor casing, and particularly, control board 224 is contained in the insulating cover 23 in the present embodiment.Preferably, described control board 224 is fixed together by any suitable mechanical fit system and the stator module 223 of brushless motor 22.Control board 224 also can be fixed on other stationary parts as motor casing.Control board 224 is provided with the circuit into the power supply of the threephase stator winding on the stator module 223 of described brushless motor 22.In addition, consider the operational environment according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment, preferably, also apply insulating varnish or the insulating cement that is used for the circuit insulation protection at described control board.

In addition, the main casing 21 of motor portion 2 connects together with insulating cover 23 by machanical fastener (for example threaded fastener or buckle structure etc.), in order to described brushless motor 22 is closed.Preferably be provided with another sealing ring between main casing 21 and the insulating cover 23, to keep the sealing of connecting portion between the two.Alternatively, motor casing can not be the complete closed formula also, and only partly seals the parts of motor.Shown in the preferred embodiment of Fig. 3, have certain clearance between the main casing 21 of motor casing and the insulating cover 23, thereby the stator module of motor 223 exposes partly, has realized radiating effect better thus.

As shown in Figure 2, on described control board 224 power supply terminal 2241 is set also, power supply terminal is connected with the external power source (not shown), in order to give described control board 224 and brushless motor 22 power supplies.

Below, will structure that use brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment be described in conjunction with Fig. 3-Fig. 7.

As previously mentioned, the used draining pump motor of household electrical appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine recirculated water or draining is generally induction motor or single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor, yet because the characteristic of induction motor or single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor can not satisfy augmented performance demand day by day.Consider the characteristic of brushless motor, therefore, proposition is applied to brushless motor household electrical appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine in the utility model.At present, in the draining pump of household electrical appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine, do not adopt brushless motor as yet, particularly the application of also not adopting three-phase inverting circuit that draining pump is driven with brushless motor.Apply sense of current by adopting inverter circuit to control to brushless motor, can realize the orientation rotation of brushless motor, therefore also do not need to increase non-return mechanism in the case.

As shown in Figure 3, show the cutaway view of using brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment.In Fig. 3, for same parts, adopted with Fig. 2 in identical reference number.

As previously mentioned, described brushless motor 22 can comprise described motor shaft 221, rotor assembly 222, stator module 223 and control board 224.

Described rotor assembly 222 comprises rotor core and embeds rotor magnetic pole on described rotor core, and described rotor magnet is preferably permanent magnet, and described stator module 223 comprises stator core and is wound on threephase stator winding in the stator core slot.

Described brushless motor 22 is preferably the fractional-slot motor, and described threephase stator winding is preferably 3 positive chorded windings mutually, and described rotor assembly can adopt hidden pole type field structure or salient pole type field structure.

As shown in Figure 4, show the fractional-slot structure of using brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment.In Fig. 4, for same parts, adopted with Fig. 2 in identical reference number.Wherein, reference number 223 expression stator modules, the rotor core in the reference number 2221 expression rotor assembly, the permanent magnet in the reference number 2222 expression rotor assembly.

Integer groove structure specifically refers to every grade of stator slot structure that every phase groove number equals 1 in the stator module of brushless motor, and the fractional-slot structure specifically refers to every grade of every phase groove number in the stator module of brushless motor less than 1 stator slot structure.For integer groove structure, the fractional-slot structure can reduce the groove number, and this is convenient to the making of stator core, and can reduce the torque fluctuation that slot effect causes.

Yet, no matter be integer groove structure or fractional-slot structure, all must have the stator winding of symmetry, namely phase difference is 120 ° between three phase windings, to obtain electromotive force and the magnetomotive force of symmetry.Be 3 with magnetic pole logarithm p, number of phases m is that 3 brushless motor is example, and when adopting integer groove structure, in order to obtain the armature winding of symmetry, required groove is counted Z=2 * p * m=18; When adopting the fractional-slot structure, in order to obtain the armature winding of symmetry, palpus is following three conditions simultaneously:

(1) groove is counted the integral multiple that Z is number of phases m;

(2) groove is counted Z and magnetic pole logarithm p and is had and be not equal to 1 common divisor t, and Z/t=Z0, and Z0/m is integer;

(3) every extremely every phase groove is counted q=Z/2pm for less than 1 mark.

Preferably, q gets 0.5, and when magnetic pole logarithm p is 3, number of phases m is 3 o'clock, and adopting the number of stator slots Z of fractional-slot structure is 9.Particularly, as shown in Figure 4, show 6 rotor magnetic poles, namely magnetic pole logarithm p is 3, is adopting under the situation of three phase windings, and number of stator slots is 9, and namely to have adopted every extremely every phase groove number be 0.5 fractional-slot structure to stator.

As shown in Figure 5, show the schematic diagram of using the distributed polar rotor field structure of brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment.Described distributed polar rotor field structure is surface-type rotor magnetic pole structure, permanent magnet is fixedly mounted on the surface of rotor core, the friendship direction of principal axis magnetic resistance of non-salient pole structure and d-axis direction magnetic resistance equate, namely hand over direction of principal axis synchronous reactance and d-axis direction synchronous reactance to equate, and the magnetic leakage factor of described non-salient pole structure is smaller, the air-gap flux that can produce is big, because the non-salient pole structure can produce bigger load torque, is suitable for bearing power is required bigger occasion.

As shown in Figure 6, show the schematic diagram of using the salient pole rotor field structure of brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment.Described salient pole rotor field structure is the built-in rotor field structure, permanent magnet is fixedly mounted on the inside of rotor core, the friendship direction of principal axis magnetic resistance of salient-pole structure is less than d-axis direction magnetic resistance, namely hand over the direction of principal axis synchronous reactance greater than d-axis direction synchronous reactance, and the electromagnetic torque of described salient-pole structure, except comprising basic torque part, also comprise the reluctance torque part, so salient-pole structure can produce bigger detent torque, be suitable for startability is required than higher occasion, in addition, salient-pole structure is because its magnetic leakage factor is relatively large, air-gap flux is less relatively, can be relatively easy to by weak-magnetic speed-regulating, is applicable to the occasion that electromotor velocity is had requirement.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, also described rotor assembly is provided with the shell 2223 that is made of plastics or epoxy resin.

In order to make motor obtain less torque pulsation and noise, it is sinusoidal wave that the air-gap field waveform that rotor magnetic poles place produces is preferably, but in the practical design process, take into account the performance requirement of motor, it is sinusoidal wave that the air-gap field waveform that the motor rotor field structure produces can only be approximately usually, if rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle in the pole span scope of correspondence is excessive, the flat-top width of air-gap field waveform is excessive, the air-gap field waveform that produces is similar to square wave, the torque pulsation that motor produces is excessive, causes motor noise to become big; Otherwise, rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle in the pole span scope of correspondence is too small, though the air-gap field waveform that produces can be similar to sine wave better, but because the shared scope of pole span scope internal rotor magnetic pole is too small, cause air-gap flux to diminish, thereby cause unit volume power of electric motor density to diminish, can't satisfy actual performance requirement.

In the utility model, in order to optimize the performance requirement of air-gap field waveform and assurance motor, preferably, single rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle scope in the pole span scope of correspondence is defined as 90 °-120 °.The brushless motor that with magnetic pole logarithm p is 3 non-salient pole structure is example, and the shared mechanical angle δ of an one pole span is 360 °/2p=60 °, if the mechanical angle of corresponding pole span scope internal rotor magnetic pole

Be 30 °, then rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle in the pole span scope of correspondence is

If the mechanical angle of corresponding pole span scope internal rotor magnetic pole

Be 40 °, then rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle in the pole span scope of correspondence is

Therefore, in Fig. 5 and rotor magnetic pole structure shown in Figure 6, preferably, single rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle scope in the pole span scope of correspondence is 90 °-120 °.

As shown in Figure 7, show the three phase sine winding distribution map of using brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment.

Existing threephase motor adopts three phase windings of 60 ° of facies tracts usually, and this three phase winding can adopt delta connection or star connection, and it belongs to six phase motor in essence.

Three phase sine winding distribution map as shown in Figure 7 wherein, will adopt two parts windings in series of delta connection and star connection or be parallel to constitute three phase windings, and it belongs to ten two-phase motors in essence for adopting three phase windings of 30 ° of facies tracts.

In Fig. 7, fractional-slot brushless motor with 4 utmost points, 6 grooves is example, its three phase winding is positive chorded winding when distributing, and each groove has the delta windings of 1 30 ° of facies tract and the star winding of 1 30 ° of facies tract respectively, and the electric angle between delta windings and the star winding differs 30 °.

Three phase sine winding as shown in Figure 7 is two parts windings in series of delta connection and star connection or be parallel in the motor, can eliminate or reduces high order harmonic component in the winding magnetic potential significantly, improves fundamental wave winding coefficient; Can reduce spuious consumption and copper loss, the starting that improves motor and runnability in the motor effectively, reduce vibrating noise.

Next, will describe the control method of using brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment with reference to figure 8-Figure 11, realize described control method by described draining pump with the control board 224 of brushless motor.

According to the utility model embodiment, the amplitude of the three-phase alternating voltage that applies with the threephase stator winding of brushless motor to described draining pump by control and direction of rotation and the rotary speed that phase place is controlled described draining pump usefulness brushless motor.In the utility model, adopt three-phase inverting circuit to the threephase stator winding power supply of described draining pump with brushless motor.

As shown in Figure 8, shown to be used for to according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment schematic diagram with the three-phase inverting circuit of brushless motor power supply that described three-phase inverting circuit is arranged on the described control board 224.Import substantially invariable direct voltage by dc bus to this three-phase inverting circuit, this substantially invariable direct voltage can be by obtaining family expenses single phase alternating current (A.C.) electric rectification.In Fig. 8, in order to simplify, do not illustrate for family expenses single phase alternating current (A.C.) electric rectification, filtering, voltage stabilizing obtaining the circuit diagram of substantially invariable direct voltage, and only with DC power supply U _dForm shows described substantially invariable direct current.Therefore, should be appreciated that the utility model is not limited to form shown in Figure 8, those skilled in the art can adopt any equivalent replacement form to import described substantially invariable direct voltage to described three-phase inverting circuit.

Described three-phase inverting circuit comprises six brachium pontis S1-S6, each brachium pontis comprise the device for power switching of 180 ° of conductings and respectively with the diode of this device for power switching reverse parallel connection.Brachium pontis S1-S2 is used for providing first phase voltage to described draining pump with the first phase stator winding (for example A phase stator winding) of the threephase stator winding of brushless motor, brachium pontis S3-S4 is used for providing second phase voltage to described draining pump with the second phase stator winding (for example B phase stator winding) of the threephase stator winding of brushless motor, and brachium pontis S5-S6 is for providing third phase voltage to described draining pump with the third phase stator winding (for example C phase stator winding) of the threephase stator winding of brushless motor.

As shown in Figure 9, show the control block diagram of using brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment.

In household electrical appliance such as washing machine, dishwasher, usually all be the processes such as washing, draining, rinsing, draining of moving according to preset program, in these processes, different requirements may be had to the discharge in the draining pump, correspondingly different requirements may be had to draining pump with the speed of service of brushless motor.Can be according to described preset program, correspondingly according to the requirement of in processes such as described washing, draining, rinsing, draining, draining pump being used the speed of service of brushless motor, the described draining pump prepared in advance speed of service curve of brushless motor, then come namely to make described draining pump carry out in strict accordance with described speed of service curve prepared in advance with the operation of brushless motor to the speed of service realization closed-loop control of described draining pump with brushless motor according to described speed of service curve prepared in advance.

According to the utility model embodiment, adopt the space vector pulse width modulation technology to realize control to described three-phase inverting circuit, and described draining pump with brushless motor in employing position-sensor-free technology carry out the estimation of rotor of motor having no brush position and speed.

Traditional rotor magnetic pole position detection method includes position transducer detection method and position-sensor-free detection method, the position sensor detection method need increase position-detection sensor at motor body usually, for example Hall components and parts, photoelectric encoder etc., though this method can guarantee the higher detection precision, but because the increase of position transducer will cause the rising of cost, and position transducer is than the influence that is easier to be subjected to extraneous factor, its anti-interference is not very good, so its position detection accuracy will be subjected to certain influence; And the position-sensor-free method that adopts usually is the back electromotive force zero passage method, though this method is comparatively simple comparatively speaking, the accuracy of detection of rotor-position is not too high.

As shown in Figure 9, when described brushless motor starts and in running, adopt the position-sensor-free technology to estimate position and the speed of described rotor of motor having no brush.Particularly, according to the utility model embodiment, adopt sliding-mode control to detect position and the speed of described rotor of motor having no brush, this sliding-mode control can be described as sliding formwork state observer method again.Described sliding-mode control is a kind of control strategy of variable structure control system, this strategy has the switching characteristic that the system configuration of making changes at any time, this is controlled to be control system special diverter surface of design in state space in advance, utilize discontinuous control law, the structure of transformation system constantly, namely under certain condition along the state trajectory of regulation do by a small margin, high-frequency moves up and down.Force the state of system to slide to balance point along this specific diverter surface, in the field of last progressive certain permission that is stable at balance point or balance point, i.e. sliding mode motion.In a single day system enters the sliding formwork state, and the transfer of system mode just no longer is subjected to the influence of the original parameter variation of system and external disturbance, has very strong robustness.The sliding-mode control that the utility model adopts comes the detection rotor position of magnetic pole to have higher detection precision and stronger anti-interference.

In addition, the basic principle of described space vector pulse width modulation technology is: (6 set of power switches of three-phase inverting circuit have become 8 kinds of space voltage vector states by three-phase inverting circuit when the three-phase alternating voltage, i.e. 6 effective vector states and 2 zero vector state) when being connected with the three phase sine winding of motor, by rationally selecting and make up 8 space voltage vectors for use, and regulate and control action time of selected space voltage vector, can in the air gap of motor, produce more circular rotating magnetic field, its output voltage and electric current are more close to sine wave, thereby can control the torque pulsation of motor effectively, make the motor even running, noise is lower.And the frequency that is input to the electric current of stator winding behind inverter circuit can be regulated according to the situation of actual loading.

Correspondingly, on described control board 224 except being furnished with three-phase inverting circuit, also be furnished with the circuit control assembly, this circuit control assembly adopts the space vector pulse width modulation technology to control the three-phase voltage that described three-phase inverting circuit is exported to the threephase stator winding on the described stator module.

In addition, on described control board 224, also be furnished with detection part and analog-to-digital conversion parts, three-phase voltage and three-phase current and output three-phase voltage detection signal and three-phase current detection signal that described detection part is exported to the threephase stator winding on the described stator module for detection of described three-phase inverting circuit; Described analog-to-digital conversion parts are converted to digital voltage signal and digital current signal with the detected three-phase voltage detection signal of described detection part and three-phase current detection signal, and digital voltage signal and the digital current signal that is converted to offered described circuit control assembly.

In addition, described control board 224 also comprises can the difference amplifier unit, described difference amplifier unit is arranged between described detection part and the described analog-to-digital conversion parts, and receive described three-phase voltage detection signal and three-phase current detection signal from described detection part, amplify described three-phase voltage detection signal and three-phase current detection signal, and the three-phase voltage detection signal after will amplifying and three-phase current detection signal output to described analog-to-digital conversion parts.

In addition, described circuit control assembly also utilizes digital voltage signal and the digital current signal that receives from described analog-to-digital conversion parts, adopts sliding-mode control to estimate the position of the rotor magnetic pole of described rotor assembly.Should be appreciated that described circuit control assembly can be realized by one or more microprocessors or digital signal processor.Particularly, for example described circuit control assembly is realized by a slice MCU, and it had both adopted the realization of space vector pulse modulation technique to the control of described inverter circuit, the position of also adopting sliding formwork control mode estimated rotor magnetic pole.Alternatively, described circuit control assembly is realized that by two MCU wherein a slice MCU adopts the realization of space vector pulse modulation technique to the control of described three-phase inverting circuit, and another sheet MCU adopts the position of sliding formwork control mode estimated rotor magnetic pole.

Then, described circuit control assembly utilizes position and described digital voltage signal and the digital current signal of estimated rotor magnetic pole, adopts the generation of space vector pulse width modulation technology to be used for the pulse signal of the device for power switching of the described three-phase inverting circuit of control.

According to the utility model embodiment, detection obtains three-phase current Ia, Ib and the Ic of described brushless motor, through the clark conversion, be I α and I β under the plane coordinate system with the three-phase current Ia, the Ib that detect and Ic from spatial coordinate transformation, again the I α under the plane coordinate system and I β be transformed to excitation current component Id and torque current component Iq under the rotating coordinate system by the park conversion then.

The Clark conversion

$\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{I\α}\\ \mathrm{I\β}\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1& -1/2& -1/2\\ 0& \sqrt{3}/2& -\sqrt{3}/2\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{I\α}\\ \mathrm{Ib}\\ \mathrm{Ic}\end{array}\right]$

The Park conversion

$\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{Id}\\ \mathrm{Iq}\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}\cos \mathrm{\θ}& \sin \mathrm{\θ}\\ \sin \mathrm{\θ}& -\cos \mathrm{\θ}\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{I\α}\\ \mathrm{I\β}\end{array}\right]$

Wherein, θ represents the position of the rotor magnetic pole of described brushless motor, i.e. the angle of d axle and α axle.As previously mentioned, can adopt sliding-mode control to estimate θ.

According to the utility model embodiment, preferably, adopt the control strategy of direct-axis current desired value/reference value Idref=0; In addition, the PID according to the difference of desired speed value and values for actual speed calculates to obtain to hand over shaft current desired value/reference value Iqref.As known in the art, the direct-axis current component is excitation current component, is torque current component and hand over the shaft current component, according to the utility model embodiment, by making Idref=0, and adopts the breakdown torque control method to obtain the breakdown torque of motor.

According to the utility model embodiment, PID according to direct-axis current desired value Idref and friendship shaft current desired value Iqref calculates to obtain direct-axis voltage Vd and quadrature-axis voltage Vq, namely adopt current feedback and adopt the PID mode to control current deviation, through the park inverse transformation direct-axis voltage Vd and quadrature-axis voltage Vq are converted into V α and I β under the plane coordinate system then, and then through the clark inverse transformation V α under the plane coordinate system and V β are converted into three-phase voltage Va, Vb and Vc.

The Park inverse transformation

$\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{V\α}\\ \mathrm{V\β}\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}\cos \mathrm{\θ}& \sin \mathrm{\θ}\\ \sin \mathrm{\θ}& -\cos \mathrm{\θ}\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{Vd}\\ \mathrm{Vq}\end{array}\right]$

The Clark inverse transformation

$\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{Va}\\ \mathrm{Vb}\\ \mathrm{Vc}\end{array}\right]=\frac{2}{3}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ -1/2& \sqrt{3}/2\\ -1/2& -\sqrt{3}/2\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{V\α}\\ \mathrm{V\β}\end{array}\right]$

Particularly, adopt the space vector pulse width modulation technology to control described three-phase inverting circuit, although obtained three-phase voltage Va, Vb and Vc by park inverse transformation and clark inverse transformation, yet should be appreciated that, adopting PWM to control in the process of described three-phase inverting circuit, still needing correspondingly to produce the pulse signal of controlling six brachium pontis S1-S6 shown in Figure 8 according to resulting three-phase voltage Va, Vb and Vc.

In addition, described control board also comprises three-phase output end and earth terminal, described three-phase output end is connected with the three-phase output end of described three-phase inverting circuit respectively and is connected with described threephase stator winding respectively, and described earth terminal is connected with the central point of described three-phase inverting circuit and is connected with the central point of described threephase stator winding.

Should note, on the layout of described control board, high pressure and low pressure should be separated, particularly, described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part are arranged together, and described circuit control assembly, described difference amplifier unit and described analog-to-digital conversion parts and described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part is arranged apart.In addition, also should just big current signal and little current signal separate, particularly, detection signal wiring and the control signal wiring of described detection part separated.In addition, preferably, on described control board, adopt the distance between centers of tracks of walking more than the 8mil.

As shown in figure 10, show according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment schematic diagram with the air-gap field waveform of brushless motor, as can be seen, be approximately sine wave according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment with the breath magnetic field of brushless motor.As shown in figure 11, show according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment schematic diagram with the current waveform of the stator winding of brushless motor, as can be seen, very approaching sinusoidal wave with the current waveform of the stator winding of brushless motor according to the draining pump of the utility model embodiment.

Realized the real-time control of described draining pump with the speed of brushless motor by said process.Although be that example is launched to describe with speed of service curve prepared in advance above, yet should be appreciated that, also can adopt torque curve prepared in advance to come described draining pump is controlled with brushless motor.

Described draining pump according to the utility model embodiment can adopt cheap MCU to realize with the control of brushless motor, is fit to very much be applied to the draining pump class motor applications field of household electrical appliance.

According to preferred embodiment of the present utility model, also provide a kind of draining impeller of pump 130.This draining impeller of pump 130 is configured to be particularly suitable for use with brushless motor of the present utility model, realizes higher drainage efficiency.As shown in figure 12, show the three-dimensional view according to the draining impeller of pump 130 of the utility model embodiment, as shown in figure 13, show the front view according to the draining impeller of pump of the utility model embodiment, and Figure 14 shows the amplification partial elevation view according to the draining impeller of pump of the utility model embodiment.

As shown in figure 12, according to the draining pump impeller 130 of preferred embodiment of the present utility model, comprise wheel hub 131, wheel disc 132 and a plurality of blade 133 that is arranged on the wheel disc 132, described wheel hub 131, wheel disc 132 and blade 133 can be one-body molded.According to the utility model embodiment, by adopting the wheel disc design, prevented that current are to the impact of end cap and the damage that causes thus, simultaneously, because the axial force that current produce is less, avoided the impact of current to motor shaft and rotor, prevent from causing thus the rotor off-axis, produce noise, guarantee that it in axial operate as normal, has prolonged its working life.In addition, adopt the wheel disc design, can prevent that also the foreign material in the sealing follow the vortex of water, arrive the bearing place, be wrapped on the axle of water pump, make pump shaft produce resistance behind the long-play, normally draining makes the water pump stall in the time of seriously, burns out.

Described blade 133 around impeller bore 134 evenly be spaced apart and arranged on the wheel disc 132 and shape identical, described blade 133 with the impeller axis (when impeller is connected to motor shaft, the axis conllinear of this impeller axis and motor shaft) cross sectional shape in the vertical plane is arc, two ends of described blade 133 are distributed on two unequal circumference of radius, be that the arrival end of each blade 133 is arranged on equably and has on the circumference of minor radius, the port of export is arranged on the circumference with long radius equably, and these two circumference are concentric circles with impeller bore 134 all.Blade 133 with the plane of impeller axis normal in cross sectional shape be consistent in blade height direction (being the impeller axis direction).

As shown in figure 14, the described cross section of blade 133 is curved shape.This bending sections shape comprises first curved section at blades adjacent arrival end place and second curved section at blades adjacent port of export place.First curved section at arrival end place has first curvature radius R1, and second curved section at port of export place has second curvature radius R2.And in this embodiment, the center of curvature of first and second curved section is positioned at the same side of blade.Radius of curvature herein is based on that the cross sectional shape of the working surface of blade limits.First curvature radius R1 is different from second curvature radius R2.In this embodiment, first curvature radius R1 is greater than second curvature radius R2.First curved section and the second curved section smooth connection.Smooth connection refer to can lead continuously at the tie point place and first derivative continuous.From angle directly perceived, smooth connection refers to connect two and is connected section at the tangential direction conllinear at contact place.In addition, can also pass through the 3rd curved section smooth connection between first curved section and second curved section, the 3rd curved section is straight line or smoothed curve.Preferably, the 3rd curved section has the 3rd radius of curvature, and the 3rd radius of curvature can be between first curvature radius R1 and second curvature radius R2.As shown in figure 13, in the above-mentioned cross sectional shape of blade 133, the tangent line at arrival end place and impeller 133 are the inlet angle α of blade 133 at the angle of the radial direction (this position and the residing direction of the impeller line of centres) of this position, the arc of described blade 133 is the blade outlet angle β of blade 133 at the tangent line and the impeller 133 that are positioned at than the end of the circumference of long radius at the angle of the radius of this position, the inlet angle α of described blade 133 is 0-25 °, and the blade outlet angle β of described blade 133 is 70-90 °.According to the utility model embodiment, by adopting arc shaped blade, make blade adopt the most reasonably inlet blade angle and outlet blade angle, reduce flow losses, improved operating efficiency.

In addition, the disk-shaped regions between impeller bore 134 and blade 133 arrival ends can also be provided with several relief holes 135 on the described wheel disc 132.According to the utility model embodiment, by the relief hole design, guaranteed that wheel disc two side hydraulic pressures are identical, avoid the excessive damage that wheel disc is caused of a side water impact.

Comprise 11 blades 133 and 4 relief holes 135 among the embodiment shown in Figure 12 and 13.Yet the utility model is not limited thereto, and can comprise the blade 133 of any right quantity and the relief hole 135 of any right quantity, and preferably the quantity of blade 133 is 8-12, and the quantity of relief hole is 2-6.

Blade in above-described embodiment can be integrally formed as single-piece, makes thus to make to oversimplify, and realizes easily producing in batches.Can be by integrally formed this blades of variety of way such as injection moulding, molded, machine works.Draining pump according to the utility model embodiment is simple with blade wheel structure, and operating efficiency is higher, and the life-span is longer, and is fit to produce in batches.

As shown in figure 15, show insulating cover 230 according to preferred embodiment of the present utility model.Insulating cover 230 is provided with terminal protection structure 141.Insulating cover 230 is an end opening, the tubular structure of other end sealing.The open end of insulating cover 230 receives some parts of motor portion 2, and is connected with main casing 21.Comprise on the sidewall of insulating cover 230 be used to the terminal mouth 142 that binding post is set.Terminal protection structure 141 is from insulating cover 230 outwardly directed inversion L shaped plates above the terminal mouth 142 of insulating cover.

Terminal protection structure 141 is included in terminal mouth 142 tops and extends to form the substrate 143 of dash penthouse and the batten plate 144 that dangles in terminal mouth 142 side direction.On the direction of insertion in terminal insertion end rim of the mouth 142, substrate 143 is parallel to this direction of insertion and extends.In addition, substrate 143 is downward-sloping slightly towards the closed end direction of insulating cover along electrical axis.The angle less than 45 ° is preferably selected at this angle of inclination, more preferably is chosen in the angle between 5 ° to 30 °, is 10 ° in the present embodiment.Batten plate 144 the base of substrate 143 locate along (along the most close insulating cover closed end of electrical axis direction) or near be connected to substrate 143 and from its extension of dangling downwards.

In addition, terminal protection structure 141 preferably includes wall portion 145 and the wall portion 146 of upwards holding up from flash edge and the outermost edge of substrate 143.

The substrate 143 of terminal protection structure 141 and batten plate 144 form part around the L shaped structure of inversion of terminal mouth; and substrate 143 and form a rhone from wall portion 145 that substrate is holded up and the sidewall of wall portion 146 and insulating cover 230; when water droplet drops on the substrate; water just can slide to the side along substrate 143; and flow down along batten plate 144; thereby prevent that water droplet from falling in terminal and the terminal mouth, prevent that short circuit from taking place, thereby play a protective role.

Describe each embodiment of the present utility model in the above in detail.Yet, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present utility model and spirit, can carry out various modifications to these embodiment, combination or sub-portfolio, and such modification should fall in the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (11)

1. a draining pump motor is characterized in that, this motor comprises shell, motor shaft, rotor assembly and stator module, and motor shaft is connected to the impeller of draining pump at the place, an end of motor, be used for drives impeller,

Wherein the sidewall of this shell is provided with terminal mouth and the terminal protection structure that holds binding post; terminal protection structure comprises the baffle that terminal mouth top is set; this baffle stretches out from the outside cantilever of outer surface of outer cover, and has a down dip towards a side direction of terminal mouth and tiltedly to extend.

2. motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, on the direction of insertion in terminal insertion end rim of the mouth, this baffle extends along direction of insertion.

3. motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this baffle dips down towards another end relative with a described end of shell along the electrical axis direction and tiltedly extends.

4. as each described motor among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described angle of inclination is less than 30 °.

5. motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described terminal protection structure also comprises from the batten plate of baffle lowest edge or near downward extension, makes baffle and batten plate form the L shaped structure of inversion that centers on the terminal mouth at least in part.

6. motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described terminal protection structure also comprises the wall portion that protrudes upward from the baffle outermost edges.

7. motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described terminal protection structure also comprises the wall portion that protrudes upward from the high rim of baffle and outermost edges, makes baffle, wall portion and shell form a rhone.

8. motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described motor is brushless motor.

9. motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the whole width that described baffle is striden the terminal mouth extends, or extends beyond the both sides of terminal mouth.

10. a draining pump is characterized in that, described draining pump comprises as described above in the claim each described motor and by electric motor driven impeller.

11. draining pump as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, described draining pump is used for dishwasher or washing machine.

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