CN203201862U - Impeller for water draining pump and water draining pump - Google Patents
Impeller for water draining pump and water draining pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN203201862U CN203201862U CN 201320218547 CN201320218547U CN203201862U CN 203201862 U CN203201862 U CN 203201862U CN 201320218547 CN201320218547 CN 201320218547 CN 201320218547 U CN201320218547 U CN 201320218547U CN 203201862 U CN203201862 U CN 203201862U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an impeller for a water draining pump. The impeller for the water draining pump is characterized in that the impeller comprises a hub, an impeller disc and multiple blades arranged on the impeller disc. The blades extend from the surface of the impeller disc in an axis direction of the impeller and are far from the surface of the impeller disc. The planes, vertical to the axis of the impeller, of the blades are provided with smooth and bent section shapes. Among the section shapes, a first arc section where an entrance end exists is provided with a first radius of curvature. A second arc section where an exit end exists is provided with a second radius of curvature, wherein the second radius of curvature is different from the first radius of curvature. The utility model further provides the water draining pump. The impeller for the water draining pump and the water draining pump are simple in structure, long in service life and suitable for mass production.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the draining pump technical field, and more specifically, the utility model relates to a kind of draining impeller of pump and comprises the draining pump of this impeller.
Background technique
At present, the used draining pump motor of household electric appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine circulating water or draining is generally induction motor or single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor.Induction motor is because lower, the complex structure of efficient, volume is big, cost is higher, progressively withdraws from household electric appliance draining pump applications such as dishwasher, washing machine.Single-phase permanent synchronous machine itself can't be realized directed rotation, need increase non-return mechanism at rotor structure and prevent the motor counterrotating, and the electric machine structure of single-phase permanent synchronous machine is complicated, and it is bigger to start noise.
On the other hand, the existing used impeller of draining pump of household electric appliance such as washing machine, dishwasher generally is made of the some blades that are installed on the axle sleeve, and blade is prismatic blade, in the drainage procedure, make water be issued to the draining purpose at centrifugal force, tangential shearing action, its shortcoming is that draining pump water flow is little, and in-fighting is big, and current axially also have the part shearing force, can push end cap and motor shaft, cause the end cap distortion, rotor assembly is offset and cisco unity malfunction, forms noise.Simultaneously, because between impeller and the pump seat certain clearance being arranged, water has just produced eddy current under the effect of axial shearing force, and as washing machine, dishwasher class household electric appliance, can contain foreign material such as more or less fiber, cotton yarn in the sewage of required discharge, these foreign material are followed the vortex of water, arrive the bearing place, be wrapped on the axle of water pump, behind the long-play, the foreign material of winding increase gradually, make water pump spindle produce resistance, normally draining can make the water pump stall when serious, burn out.
Along with the proposition of green household electrical appliances theory and the enhancing of environmental consciousness, existing draining pump can't satisfy everybody requirement more and more higher to the living environment comfort level.Therefore, need a kind of novel draining pump, it is simple in structure, and volume is less, and efficient is higher, and operating noise is less.
The model utility content
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, according to first aspect of the present utility model, provide a kind of draining pump brushless motor, comprising: motor casing; Motor shaft; Rotor assembly is installed on the described motor shaft and the rotation synchronously with the rotation of described motor shaft, comprises rotor iron core and embeds rotor magnetic pole on described rotor iron core; Stator module comprises stator iron core and is wound on threephase stator winding in the stator core slot; And control panel, comprise three-phase inverting circuit, and comprise the circuit controlling component, this circuit controlling component adopts the space vector pulse width modulation technology to control the three-phase voltage that described three-phase inverting circuit is exported to the threephase stator winding on the described stator module, wherein, described control panel is accommodated in the described motor casing.
Thus, this brushless motor can be realized directed rotation, and need not to adopt non-return mechanism.Preferably, control panel also comprises the circuit controlling component, and this circuit controlling component adopts the space vector pulse width modulation technology to control the three-phase voltage that described three-phase inverting circuit is exported to the staor winding on the described stator module.
Preferably, stator module adopts the fractional-slot structure.Preferably, the shared electric angle scope in the pole span scope of correspondence of the single rotor magnetic pole in the rotor assembly is 90 °-120 °.Preferably, control panel also comprises detection part and analog-to-digital conversion parts, three-phase voltage and three phase circuit and output three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal that described detection part is exported to the threephase stator winding on the described stator module for detection of described three-phase inverting circuit; Described analog-to-digital conversion parts are digital voltage signal and digital current signal with the detected three-phase voltage testing signal of described detection part and three phase circuit converting sensed signals, and digital voltage signal and the digital current signal that is converted to offered described circuit controlling component.Preferably, the circuit controlling component utilizes digital voltage signal and the digital current signal that receives from described analog-to-digital conversion parts, adopts sliding-mode control to estimate the position of the rotor magnetic pole of described rotor assembly.Preferably, the circuit controlling component utilizes position and described digital voltage signal and the digital current signal of estimated rotor magnetic pole, adopts the generation of space vector pulse width modulation technology to be used for the pulse signal of the device for power switching of the described three-phase inverting circuit of control.Preferably, control panel also comprises the difference amplifier unit, described difference amplifier unit receives described three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal from described detection part, amplify described three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal, and the three-phase voltage testing signal after will amplifying and three-phase current detection signal output to described analog-to-digital conversion parts.Preferably, the circuit controlling component is one or more microprocessors or DSP digital signal processor.Preferably, control panel also comprises three-phase output end and grounding end, described three-phase output end is connected with the three-phase output end of described three-phase inverting circuit respectively and is connected with described threephase stator winding respectively, and described grounding end is connected with the central point of described three-phase inverting circuit and is connected with the central point of described threephase stator winding.Preferably, on described control panel, described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part are arranged together, and described circuit controlling component, described difference amplifier unit and described analog-to-digital conversion parts and described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part are arranged apart.Preferably, control panel is fixed together by mode and the described stator module that machinery cooperates.Preferably, brushless motor is used for the draining pump of dishwasher or washing machine.Preferably, motor casing not exclusively seals, and makes the part of stator module expose.
In addition, according to second aspect of the present utility model, provide a kind of draining pump, comprised the described brushless motor in aspect as described above and the water pump part that is driven by brushless motor.Described water pump partly comprises water pump shell and impeller, the side that described motor casing stretches out at motor shaft have for the fixing fixed structure of described water pump shell, and described impeller is fixedly attached to described motor shaft so that rotate with described motor shaft under the driving of described brushless motor.
Compared with prior art, adopt according to brushless motor of the present utility model and can realize directed rotation, and need not to adopt non-return mechanism, also make draining pump of the present utility model more efficient and compact thus.
According to the third aspect of the present utility model, a kind of draining pump is provided, described draining pump comprises impeller and is used for the brushless motor of drives impeller, this impeller comprises wheel disc and a plurality of blade that is arranged on the wheel disc, described blade extends away from sheave surface from sheave surface along the impeller axial direction, and have the adjacent impeller axis first end and away from the impeller axis and with the first end second opposed end; Wherein blade has the sectional shape of smooth curved in the plane perpendicular to the impeller axis, described sectional shape comprises first curved section of contiguous first end and second curved section of contiguous second end at least, first curved section has first curvature radius, and second curved section has the radius of second curvature that is different from first curvature radius.
Preferably, first curvature radius is greater than radius of second curvature.Preferably, first end is that entry end and second end of blade are the outlet end of blade.Preferably, the centre of curvature of first curved section and second curved section is in the same side of blade.Preferably, blade also comprises linearity between first curved section and second curved section or the 3rd section of arc.Preferably, the 3rd section is the 3rd curved section with the 3rd radius of curvature, and the 3rd radius of curvature is greater than first and second radius of curvature.Preferably, the 3rd section is the 3rd curved section with the 3rd radius of curvature, and the 3rd radius of curvature is between first and second radius of curvature.Preferably, first curved section is the Inlet cone angle α of blade at the tangent line at the first end place with angle in the radial direction of this position, and the Inlet cone angle α of described blade is 0-25 °; And second curved section is the exit angle β of blade at the tangent line at the second end place with angle in the radial direction of this position, and the exit angle β of described blade is 70-90 °.Preferably, wheel disk center has impeller bore, is used for being connected with motor reel, is provided with at least one relief hole in the annular section between first end of impeller bore and blade.Preferably, described wheel disc and blade are integrally formed as single-piece.Preferably, described draining pump also comprises as the described brushless motor of first aspect.
According to fourth aspect of the present utility model, a kind of draining impeller of pump also is provided, comprise the blade wheel structure that the third aspect as described above limits.
By adopting arc shaped blade, make blade adopt the most rationally curved pattern and blade inlet angle and blade outlet angle, reduce flow losses, improved working efficiency.Design by wheel disc, prevented that current are to the impact of end cap and the damage that causes thus, simultaneously, because the axial force that current produce is less, avoid the impact of current to motor shaft and rotor, prevented from causing thus the rotor off-axis, produced noise, guarantee that it in axial proper functioning, has prolonged its operating life.The vortex of water is followed in the design of the wheel disc also foreign material in the anti-sealing, arrives the bearing place, is wrapped on the axle of water pump, makes water pump spindle produce resistance behind the long-play, and normally draining makes the water pump stall in the time of seriously, burns out.The design of relief hole has guaranteed that wheel disc two side hydraulic pressures are identical, avoids the excessive damage that wheel disc is caused of a side water impact.Draining pump impeller provided by the utility model and draining pump are simple in structure, and the life-span is longer, and are fit to produce in batches.
According to the 5th aspect of the present utility model; the motor that provides a kind of draining pump to use; this motor comprises shell, motor shaft, rotor assembly and stator module; motor shaft is connected to the impeller of draining pump at the place, an end of motor; be used for drives impeller; wherein the sidewall of this shell is provided with terminal mouth and the terminal protection structure that holds tenminal block; terminal protection structure comprises the protecting sheet that terminal mouth top is set; this protecting sheet stretches out from the outside cantilever of outer surface of outer cover, and has a down dip towards a side direction of terminal mouth and tiltedly to extend.
Preferably, on the direction of insertion in terminal insertion end rim of the mouth, this protecting sheet extends along direction of insertion.Preferably, this protecting sheet dips down towards another end relative with a described end of shell along the electrical axis direction and tiltedly extends.Preferably, the angle of inclination is less than 30 °.Preferably, terminal protection structure also comprises from the batten plate of protecting sheet lowest edge or near downward extension, makes protecting sheet and batten plate form the L shaped structure of inversion that centers on the terminal mouth at least in part.Preferably, terminal protection structure also comprises the wall portion that protrudes upward from the protecting sheet outermost edges.Preferably, terminal protection structure also comprises the wall portion that protrudes upward from the high rim of protecting sheet and outermost edges, makes protecting sheet, wall portion and shell form a rhone.Preferably, motor is brushless motor.Preferably, the whole width that protecting sheet is striden the terminal mouth extends, or extends beyond the both sides of terminal mouth.
Also provide a kind of according to the 6th aspect of the present utility model and comprised the aforementioned electric motivation and by the draining pump of electric motor driven impeller.
Thus, when the motor top had water droplet to fall, because the existence of terminal protection structure is arranged, water can slide into the side drippage along its inclined-plane, thereby has effectively protected tenminal block, has guaranteed its reliability that is connected with external power supply and Security.Electric machine structure simplicity of design provided by the utility model is easily gone, and cost of production is low, is suitable for industrial production.
First aspect of the present utility model is applicable to second to the 6th aspect of the present utility model comparably, and vice versa.
Other features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the following description, and, partly from specification, become apparent, perhaps understand by implementing the utility model.The purpose of this utility model and other advantages can realize and obtain by specifically noted structure in specification, claims and accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, and constitutes the part of specification, is used from explanation the utility model with embodiment one of the present utility model, does not constitute restriction of the present utility model.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 illustrates the draining pump external structure schematic representation according to the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 illustrates the draining pump STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION schematic representation according to the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 3 illustrates the sectional view of using brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump;
Fig. 4 illustrates the fractional-slot structure of using brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump;
Fig. 5 illustrates the schematic representation of using the distributed polar rotor field structure of brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump;
Fig. 6 illustrates the schematic representation of using the salient pole type rotor field structure of brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump;
Fig. 7 illustrates the three phase sine winding distribution map of using brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump;
Fig. 8 illustrates the inverter circuit figure that uses brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's employing space vector pulse width modulation technology control draining pump;
Fig. 9 illustrates the control block diagram of using brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump;
Figure 10 illustrates the schematic representation of using the air-gap field waveform of brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump;
Figure 11 illustrates the schematic representation according to the current waveform of the staor winding of the utility model embodiment's draining pump usefulness brushless motor;
Figure 12 illustrates the three-dimensional view according to the utility model embodiment's draining impeller of pump;
Figure 13 illustrates the front view according to the utility model embodiment's draining impeller of pump;
Figure 14 illustrates the amplification partial elevation view according to the utility model embodiment's draining impeller of pump; And
Figure 15 illustrates the three-dimensional view according to the utility model embodiment's terminal protection structure.
Embodiment
Describe in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings according to each embodiment of the present utility model.Here, it should be noted that in the accompanying drawings, identical reference character is given had constituent element identical or similar structure and function basically, and will omit being repeated in this description about them.Generally speaking, the embodiment shown in each accompanying drawing is different embodiments, although the possibility of the reference number in each accompanying drawing is identical and each accompanying drawing may be able to use with being fitted to each other.Should be understood that term " on ", D score, " making progress ", " downwards " directional terms be the description at the orientation shown in the accompanying drawing, these orientation are not restrictive.If not otherwise specified, term herein " inwardly ", " outwards ", " interior ", " outward ", " inboard ", " outside " refer to the scope with respect to the parts center, for example with electrical axis as reference, interior and inboard refers to position or orientation more close or the sensing electrical axis, outer and the outside refers to orientation or the orientation further from electrical axis, and for each position on the electrical axis, the outside or outside refers to further from the motor center position.In addition, terms such as term " level ", " vertically ", " dangling " are not represented to require the parts abswolute level or dangle, but can tilt a little.Only refer to its direction relative " vertically " level more as " level ", be not this structure of expression level fully, but can tilt a little.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, show draining pump external structure schematic representation and draining pump STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION schematic representation according to the utility model embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the draining pump according to the utility model embodiment can comprise water pump part 1 and motor portion 2.
As shown in Figure 2, described water pump part 1 can comprise water pump shell 11 and impeller 13.In addition, described water pump part 1 can also comprise seal ring 12, and seal ring 12 is arranged between water pump part 1 and the motor portion 2, is used for guaranteeing the water tightness of the joint between described water pump part and the motor portion.
As shown in Figure 2, motor portion 2 comprises brushless motor 22.Brushless motor 22 comprises motor shaft 221, rotor assembly 222, stator module 223 and control panel 224.Brushless motor 22 comprises motor casing, and motor casing comprises main casing 21 and insulating boot 23.
In addition, the main casing 21 of motor portion 2 connects together with insulating boot 23 by machanical fastener (for example threaded fastener or buckle structure etc.), in order to described brushless motor 22 is closed.Preferably be provided with another seal ring between main casing 21 and the insulating boot 23, to keep the sealing of joint between the two.Alternatively, motor casing can not be the complete closed formula also, and only partly seals the parts of motor.Shown in the preferred embodiment of Fig. 3, have certain clearance between the main casing 21 of motor casing and the insulating boot 23, thereby the stator module of motor 223 exposes partly, has realized radiating effect better thus.
As shown in Figure 2, on described control panel 224 power supply terminal 2241 is set also, power supply terminal is connected with the external power supply (not shown), in order to give described control panel 224 and brushless motor 22 power supplies.
Below, will structure that use brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump be described in conjunction with Fig. 3-Fig. 7.
As previously mentioned, the used draining pump motor of household electric appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine circulating water or draining is generally induction motor or single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor, yet because the characteristic of induction motor or single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor can not satisfy augmented performance demand day by day.Consider the characteristic of brushless motor, therefore, proposition is applied to brushless motor household electric appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine in the utility model.At present, in the draining pump of household electric appliance such as dishwasher, washing machine, do not adopt brushless motor as yet, particularly the application of also not adopting three-phase inverting circuit that draining pump is driven with brushless motor.Apply sense of current by adopting inverter circuit to control to brushless motor, can realize the orientation rotation of brushless motor, therefore also do not need to increase non-return mechanism in the case.
As shown in Figure 3, show the sectional view of using brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump.In Fig. 3, for same parts, adopted with Fig. 2 in identical reference number.
As previously mentioned, described brushless motor 22 can comprise described motor shaft 221, rotor assembly 222, stator module 223 and control panel 224.
Described rotor assembly 222 comprises rotor iron core and embeds rotor magnetic pole on described rotor iron core, and described rotor magnet is preferably permanent magnet, and described stator module 223 comprises stator iron core and is wound on threephase stator winding in the stator core slot.
Described brushless motor 22 is preferably the fractional-slot motor, and described threephase stator winding is preferably 3 positive chorded windings mutually, and described rotor assembly can adopt hidden pole type field structure or salient pole type field structure.
As shown in Figure 4, show the fractional-slot structure of using brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump.In Fig. 4, for same parts, adopted with Fig. 2 in identical reference number.Wherein, reference number 223 expression stator modules, the rotor iron core in the reference number 2221 expression rotor assembly, the permanent magnet in the reference number 2222 expression rotor assembly.
Integer groove structure specifically refers to every grade of stator slot structure that every phase groove number equals 1 in the stator module of brushless motor, and the fractional-slot structure specifically refers to every grade of every phase groove number in the stator module of brushless motor less than 1 stator slot structure.For integer groove structure, the fractional-slot structure can reduce the groove number, and this is convenient to the making of stator iron core, and can reduce the torque fluctuation that slot effect causes.
Yet, no matter be integer groove structure or fractional-slot structure, all must have the staor winding of symmetry, namely phase difference is 120 ° between three phase windings, to obtain electromotive force and the magnetomotive force of symmetry.Be 3 with magnetic pole logarithm p, number of phases m is that 3 brushless motor is example, and when adopting integer groove structure, in order to obtain the armature winding of symmetry, required groove is counted Z=2 * p * m=18; When adopting the fractional-slot structure, in order to obtain the armature winding of symmetry, palpus is following three conditions simultaneously:
(1) groove is counted the integral multiple that Z is number of phases m;
(2) groove is counted Z and magnetic pole logarithm p and is had and be not equal to 1 common divisor t, and Z/t=Z0, and Z0/m is integer;
(3) every extremely every phase groove is counted q=Z/2pm for less than 1 mark.
Preferably, q gets 0.5, and when magnetic pole logarithm p is 3, number of phases m is 3 o'clock, and adopting the number of stator slots Z of fractional-slot structure is 9.Particularly, as shown in Figure 4, show 6 rotor magnetic poles, namely magnetic pole logarithm p is 3, is adopting under the situation of three phase windings, and number of stator slots is 9, and namely to have adopted every extremely every phase groove number be 0.5 fractional-slot structure to stator.
As shown in Figure 5, show the schematic representation of using the distributed polar rotor field structure of brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump.Described distributed polar rotor field structure is surface-type rotor magnetic pole structure, permanent magnet is fixedly mounted on the surface of rotor iron core, the friendship axle direction magnetic resistance of non-salient pole structure and d-axis direction magnetic resistance equate, namely hand over axle direction synchronous reactance and d-axis direction synchronous reactance to equate, and the leakage coefficient of described non-salient pole structure is smaller, the air-gap flux that can produce is big, because the non-salient pole structure can produce bigger load torque, is suitable for bearing power is required bigger occasion.
As shown in Figure 6, show the schematic representation of using the salient pole type rotor field structure of brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump.Described salient pole type rotor field structure is the built-in rotor field structure, permanent magnet is fixedly mounted on the inside of rotor iron core, the friendship axle direction magnetic resistance of salient-pole structure is less than d-axis direction magnetic resistance, namely hand over the axle direction synchronous reactance greater than d-axis direction synchronous reactance, and the electromagnetic torque of described salient-pole structure, except comprising basic torque part, also comprise the reluctance torque part, so salient-pole structure can produce bigger detent torque, be suitable for startability is required than higher occasion, in addition, salient-pole structure is because its leakage coefficient is relatively large, air-gap flux is less relatively, can be relatively easy to by weak-magnetic speed-regulating, is applicable to the occasion that electromotor velocity is had requirement.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, also described rotor assembly is provided with the shell 2223 that is made of plastics or epoxy resin.
In order to make motor obtain less torque pulsation and noise, it is sinusoidal wave that the air-gap field waveform that rotor magnetic poles place produces is preferably, but in the practical design process, take into account the performance requirement of motor, it is sinusoidal wave that the air-gap field waveform that the motor rotor field structure produces can only be approximately usually, if rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle in the pole span scope of correspondence is excessive, the flat-top width of air-gap field waveform is excessive, the air-gap field waveform that produces is similar to square wave, the torque pulsation that motor produces is excessive, causes motor noise to become big; Otherwise, rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle in the pole span scope of correspondence is too small, though the air-gap field waveform that produces can be similar to sine wave better, but because the shared scope of pole span scope internal rotor magnetic pole is too small, cause air-gap flux to diminish, thereby cause per unit volume power of electric motor density to diminish, can't satisfy actual performance requirement.
In the utility model, in order to optimize the performance requirement of air-gap field waveform and assurance motor, preferably, single rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle scope in the pole span scope of correspondence is defined as 90 °-120 °.The brushless motor that with magnetic pole logarithm p is 3 non-salient pole structure is example, and the shared mechanical angle δ of an one pole span is 360 °/2p=60 °, if the mechanical angle of corresponding pole span scope internal rotor magnetic pole
Be 30 °, then rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle in the pole span scope of correspondence is
If the mechanical angle of corresponding pole span scope internal rotor magnetic pole
Be 40 °, then rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle in the pole span scope of correspondence is
Therefore, in Fig. 5 and rotor magnetic pole structure shown in Figure 6, preferably, single rotor magnetic pole shared electric angle scope in the pole span scope of correspondence is 90 °-120 °.
As shown in Figure 7, show the three phase sine winding distribution map of using brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump.
Existing three phase motor adopts three phase windings of 60 ° of facies tracts usually, and this three phase winding can adopt delta connection or star connection, and it belongs to six phase motor in essence.
Three phase sine winding distribution map as shown in Figure 7 wherein, will adopt two-part windings in series of delta connection and star connection or be parallel to constitute three phase windings, and it belongs to ten two-phase motors in essence for adopting three phase windings of 30 ° of facies tracts.
In Fig. 7, fractional-slot brushless motor with 4 utmost points, 6 grooves is example, its three phase winding is positive chorded winding when distributing, and each groove has the delta windings of 1 30 ° of facies tract and the star winding of 1 30 ° of facies tract respectively, and the electric angle between delta windings and the star winding differs 30 °.
Three phase sine winding as shown in Figure 7 is two-part windings in series of delta connection and star connection or be parallel in the motor, can eliminate or reduces higher harmonics in the winding magnetic potential significantly, improves fundamental wave winding coefficient; Can reduce spuious consumption and copper loss, the starting that improves motor and ride quality in the motor effectively, reduce vibrating noise.
Next, will describe the controlling method of using brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump with reference to figure 8-Figure 11, realize described controlling method by described draining pump with the control panel 224 of brushless motor.
According to the utility model embodiment, the amplitude of the three-phase alternating voltage that applies with the threephase stator winding of brushless motor to described draining pump by control and sense of rotation and the rotational speed that phase place is controlled described draining pump usefulness brushless motor.In the utility model, adopt three-phase inverting circuit to the threephase stator winding power supply of described draining pump with brushless motor.
As shown in Figure 8, shown to be used for to according to the utility model embodiment's the draining pump schematic representation with the three-phase inverting circuit of brushless motor power supply that described three-phase inverting circuit is arranged on the described control panel 224.Import substantially invariable VDC by dc bus to this three-phase inverting circuit, this substantially invariable VDC can be by obtaining family expenses single phase alternating current electric rectification.In Fig. 8, in order to simplify, do not illustrate for family expenses single phase alternating current electric rectification, filtering, voltage stabilizing obtaining the circuit diagram of substantially invariable VDC, and only with DC electrical source U
dForm shows described substantially invariable direct current (d.c.).Therefore, should be appreciated that the utility model is not limited to form shown in Figure 8, those skilled in the art can adopt any equivalent replacement form to import described substantially invariable VDC to described three-phase inverting circuit.
Described three-phase inverting circuit comprises six brachium pontis S1-S6, each brachium pontis comprise the device for power switching of 180 ° of conductings and respectively with the diode of this device for power switching reverse parallel connection.Brachium pontis S1-S2 is used for providing first phase voltage to described draining pump with the first phase staor winding (for example A phase staor winding) of the threephase stator winding of brushless motor, brachium pontis S3-S4 is used for providing second phase voltage to described draining pump with the second phase staor winding (for example B phase staor winding) of the threephase stator winding of brushless motor, and brachium pontis S5-S6 is for providing third phase voltage to described draining pump with the third phase staor winding (for example C phase staor winding) of the threephase stator winding of brushless motor.
As shown in Figure 9, show the control block diagram of using brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump.
In household electric appliance such as washing machine, dishwasher, usually all be the processes such as washing, draining, rinsing, draining of moving according to preset program, in these processes, different requirements may be had to the water flow in the draining pump, correspondingly different requirements may be had to draining pump with the motion speed of brushless motor.Can be according to described preset program, correspondingly according to the requirement of in processes such as described washing, draining, rinsing, draining, draining pump being used the motion speed of brushless motor, the described draining pump prepared in advance motion speed curve of brushless motor, then come namely to make described draining pump carry out in strict accordance with described motion speed curve prepared in advance with the operation of brushless motor to the motion speed realization closed loop control of described draining pump with brushless motor according to described motion speed curve prepared in advance.
According to the utility model embodiment, adopt the space vector pulse width modulation technology to realize control to described three-phase inverting circuit, and described draining pump with brushless motor in employing position-sensor-free technology carry out the estimation of rotor of motor having no brush position and speed.
Traditional rotor magnetic pole position detecting method includes position transducer detecting method and position-sensor-free detecting method, the position sensor detecting method need increase position-detection sensor at motor body usually, for example Hall components and parts, photoelectric encoder etc., though this method can guarantee the higher detection precision, but because the increase of position transducer will cause the rising of cost, and position transducer is than the influence that is easier to be subjected to extraneous factor, its anti-interference is not very good, so its position detection accuracy will be subjected to certain influence; And the position-sensor-free method that adopts usually is the counterelectromotive force zero passage method, though this method is comparatively simple comparatively speaking, the testing precision of rotor-position is not too high.
As shown in Figure 9, when described brushless motor starts and in running, adopt the position-sensor-free technology to estimate position and the speed of described rotor of motor having no brush.Particularly, according to the utility model embodiment, adopt sliding-mode control to detect position and the speed of described rotor of motor having no brush, this sliding-mode control can be described as sliding formwork state observer method again.Described sliding-mode control is a kind of control strategy of variable structure control system, this strategy has the switching characteristic that the system architecture of making changes at any time, this is controlled to be control system special diverter surface of design in state space in advance, utilize discontinuous control law, the structure of transformation system constantly, namely under certain condition along the state trajectory of regulation do by a small margin, high frequency moves up and down.Force the state of system to slide to equinoctial point along this specific diverter surface, in the field of last progressive certain permission that is stable at equinoctial point or equinoctial point, i.e. sliding mode motion.In a single day system enters the sliding formwork state, and the transfer of system mode just no longer is subjected to the influence of the original parameter variation of system and external disturbance, has very strong robustness.The sliding-mode control that the utility model adopts comes the detection rotor position of magnetic pole to have higher detection precision and stronger anti-interference.
In addition, the basic principle of described space vector pulse width modulation technology is: (6 set of power switches of three-phase inverting circuit have become 8 kinds of space voltage vector states by three-phase inverting circuit when the three-phase alternating voltage, i.e. 6 effective vector states and 2 zero vector state) when being connected with the three phase sine winding of motor, by rationally selecting and make up 8 space voltage vectors for use, and regulate and control action time of selected space voltage vector, can in the air gap of motor, produce more circular rotating magnetic field, its output voltage and electric current are more close to sine wave, thereby can control the torque pulsation of motor effectively, make the motor smooth running, noise is lower.And the frequency that is input to the electric current of staor winding behind inverter circuit can be regulated according to the situation of actual loading.
Correspondingly, on described control panel 224 except being furnished with three-phase inverting circuit, also be furnished with the circuit controlling component, this circuit controlling component adopts the space vector pulse width modulation technology to control the three-phase voltage that described three-phase inverting circuit is exported to the threephase stator winding on the described stator module.
In addition, on described control panel 224, also be furnished with detection part and analog-to-digital conversion parts, three-phase voltage and three phase circuit and output three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal that described detection part is exported to the threephase stator winding on the described stator module for detection of described three-phase inverting circuit; Described analog-to-digital conversion parts are converted to digital voltage signal and digital current signal with the detected three-phase voltage testing signal of described detection part and three-phase current detection signal, and digital voltage signal and the digital current signal that is converted to offered described circuit controlling component.
In addition, described control panel 224 also comprises can the difference amplifier unit, described difference amplifier unit is arranged between described detection part and the described analog-to-digital conversion parts, and receive described three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal from described detection part, amplify described three-phase voltage testing signal and three-phase current detection signal, and the three-phase voltage testing signal after will amplifying and three-phase current detection signal output to described analog-to-digital conversion parts.
In addition, described circuit controlling component also utilizes digital voltage signal and the digital current signal that receives from described analog-to-digital conversion parts, adopts sliding-mode control to estimate the position of the rotor magnetic pole of described rotor assembly.Should be appreciated that described circuit controlling component can be realized by one or more microprocessors or DSP digital signal processor.Particularly, for example described circuit controlling component is realized by a slice MCU, and it had both adopted the realization of space vector pulse modulation technique to the control of described inverter circuit, the position of also adopting sliding formwork control mode estimated rotor magnetic pole.Alternatively, described circuit controlling component is realized that by two MCU wherein a slice MCU adopts the realization of space vector pulse modulation technique to the control of described three-phase inverting circuit, and another sheet MCU adopts the position of sliding formwork control mode estimated rotor magnetic pole.
Then, described circuit controlling component utilizes position and described digital voltage signal and the digital current signal of estimated rotor magnetic pole, adopts the generation of space vector pulse width modulation technology to be used for the pulse signal of the device for power switching of the described three-phase inverting circuit of control.
According to the utility model embodiment, detection obtains three phase circuit Ia, Ib and the Ic of described brushless motor, through the clark conversion, be I α and I β under the plane coordinate system with the three phase circuit Ia, the Ib that detect and Ic from spatial coordinate transformation, again the I α under the plane coordinate system and I β be transformed to excitation current component Id and torque current component Iq under the rotating coordinate system by the park conversion then.
The Clark conversion
The Park conversion
Wherein, θ represents the position of the rotor magnetic pole of described brushless motor, i.e. the angle of d axle and α axle.As previously mentioned, can adopt sliding-mode control to estimate θ.
According to the utility model embodiment, preferably, adopt the control strategy of direct-axis current expected value/reference value Idref=0; In addition, the PID according to the difference of desired speed value and values for actual speed calculates to obtain to hand over shaft current expected value/reference value Iqref.As known in the art, the direct-axis current component is excitation current component, is torque current component and hand over the shaft current component, according to the utility model embodiment, by making Idref=0, and adopts the peak torque controlling method to obtain the peak torque of motor.
According to the utility model embodiment, PID according to direct-axis current expected value Idref and friendship shaft current expected value Iqref calculates to obtain direct-axis voltage Vd and quadrature-axis voltage Vq, namely adopt currrent feedback and adopt the PID mode to control current deviation, through the park inverse transformation direct-axis voltage Vd and quadrature-axis voltage Vq are converted into V α and I β under the plane coordinate system then, and then through the clark inverse transformation V α under the plane coordinate system and V β are converted into three-phase voltage Va, Vb and Vc.
The Park inverse transformation
The Clark inverse transformation
Particularly, adopt the space vector pulse width modulation technology to control described three-phase inverting circuit, although obtained three-phase voltage Va, Vb and Vc by park inverse transformation and clark inverse transformation, yet should be appreciated that, adopting PWM to control in the process of described three-phase inverting circuit, still needing correspondingly to produce the pulse signal of controlling six brachium pontis S1-S6 shown in Figure 8 according to resulting three-phase voltage Va, Vb and Vc.
In addition, described control panel also comprises three-phase output end and grounding end, described three-phase output end is connected with the three-phase output end of described three-phase inverting circuit respectively and is connected with described threephase stator winding respectively, and described grounding end is connected with the central point of described three-phase inverting circuit and is connected with the central point of described threephase stator winding.
Should note, on the layout of described control panel, high pressure and low pressure should be separated, particularly, described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part are arranged together, and described circuit controlling component, described difference amplifier unit and described analog-to-digital conversion parts and described three-phase inverting circuit and described detection part is arranged apart.In addition, also should just big current signal and little current signal separate, particularly, testing signal wiring and the control signal wiring of described detection part separated.In addition, preferably, on described control panel, adopt the distance between centers of tracks of walking more than the 8mil.
As shown in figure 10, show according to the utility model embodiment's the draining pump schematic representation with the air-gap field waveform of brushless motor, as can be seen, be approximately sine wave according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump with the breath magnetic field of brushless motor.As shown in figure 11, show according to the utility model embodiment's the draining pump schematic representation with the current waveform of the staor winding of brushless motor, as can be seen, very approaching sinusoidal wave with the current waveform of the staor winding of brushless motor according to the utility model embodiment's draining pump.
Realized the real-time control of described draining pump with the speed of brushless motor by said process.Although be that example is launched to describe with motion speed curve prepared in advance above, yet should be appreciated that, also can adopt torque curve prepared in advance to come described draining pump is controlled with brushless motor.
Described draining pump according to the utility model embodiment can adopt cheap MCU to realize with the control of brushless motor, is fit to very much be applied to the draining pump class motor applications field of household electric appliance.
According to preferred embodiment of the present utility model, also provide a kind of draining impeller of pump 130.This draining impeller of pump 130 is configured to be particularly suitable for use with brushless motor of the present utility model, realizes higher drainage efficiency.As shown in figure 12, show the three-dimensional view according to the utility model embodiment's draining impeller of pump 130, as shown in figure 13, show the front view according to the utility model embodiment's draining impeller of pump, and Figure 14 shows the amplification partial elevation view according to the utility model embodiment's draining impeller of pump.
As shown in figure 12, according to the draining pump impeller 130 of preferred embodiment of the present utility model, comprise wheel hub 131, wheel disc 132 and a plurality of blade 133 that is arranged on the wheel disc 132, described wheel hub 131, wheel disc 132 and blade 133 can be one-body molded.According to the utility model embodiment, by adopting the wheel disc design, prevented that current are to the impact of end cap and the damage that causes thus, simultaneously, because the axial force that current produce is less, avoided the impact of current to motor shaft and rotor, prevent from causing thus the rotor off-axis, produce noise, guarantee that it in axial proper functioning, has prolonged its operating life.In addition, adopt the wheel disc design, can prevent that also the foreign material in the sealing follow the vortex of water, arrive the bearing place, be wrapped on the axle of water pump, make water pump spindle produce resistance behind the long-play, normally draining makes the water pump stall in the time of seriously, burns out.
Described blade 133 around impeller bore 134 evenly be spaced apart and arranged on the wheel disc 132 and shape identical, described blade 133 with the impeller axis (when impeller is connected to motor shaft, the axis conllinear of this impeller axis and motor shaft) sectional shape in the vertical plane is arc, two ends of described blade 133 are distributed on two unequal circumference of radius, be that the entry end of each blade 133 is arranged on equably and has on the circumference of minor radius, outlet end is arranged on the circumference with long radius equably, and these two circumference are concentric circle with impeller bore 134 all.Blade 133 with the plane of impeller axis normal in sectional shape be consistent in blade height direction (being the impeller axial direction).
As shown in figure 14, the described cross section of blade 133 is curved shape.This bending sections shape comprises first curved section at blades adjacent entry end place and second curved section at blades adjacent outlet end place.First curved section at entry end place has first curvature radius R1, and second curved section at outlet end place has radius of second curvature R2.And in this embodiment, the centre of curvature of first and second curved section is positioned at the same side of blade.Radius of curvature herein is based on that the sectional shape of the working surface of blade limits.First curvature radius R1 is different from radius of second curvature R2.In this embodiment, first curvature radius R1 is greater than radius of second curvature R2.First curved section and the second curved section smooth connection.Smooth connection refer to can lead continuously at the tie point place and first derivative continuous.From angle directly perceived, smooth connection refers to connect two and is connected section at the tangent direction conllinear at contact place.In addition, can also pass through the 3rd curved section smooth connection between first curved section and second curved section, the 3rd curved section is straight line or smoothed curve.Preferably, the 3rd curved section has the 3rd radius of curvature, and the 3rd radius of curvature can be between first curvature radius R1 and radius of second curvature R2.As shown in figure 13, in the above-mentioned sectional shape of blade 133, the tangent line at entry end place and impeller 133 are the Inlet cone angle α of blade 133 at the angle of the radial direction (this position and the residing direction of the impeller line of centres) of this position, the arc of described blade 133 is the exit angle β of blade 133 at the tangent line and the impeller 133 that are positioned at than the end of the circumference of long radius at the angle of the radius of this position, the Inlet cone angle α of described blade 133 is 0-25 °, and the exit angle β of described blade 133 is 70-90 °.According to the utility model embodiment, by adopting arc shaped blade, make blade adopt the most reasonably blade inlet angle and blade outlet angle, reduce flow losses, improved working efficiency.
In addition, the disk-shaped regions between impeller bore 134 and blade 133 entry ends can also be provided with several relief holes 135 on the described wheel disc 132.According to the utility model embodiment, by the relief hole design, guaranteed that wheel disc two side hydraulic pressures are identical, avoid the excessive damage that wheel disc is caused of a side water impact.
Comprise 11 blades 133 and 4 relief holes 135 among the embodiment shown in Figure 12 and 13.Yet the utility model is not limited thereto, and can comprise the blade 133 of any suitable quantity and the relief hole 135 of any suitable quantity, and preferably the quantity of blade 133 is 8-12, and the quantity of relief hole is 2-6.
Blade in above-described embodiment can be integrally formed as single-piece, makes thus to make to oversimplify, and realizes easily producing in batches.Can be by integrally formed this blades of variety of way such as injection moulding, molded, machinings.Draining pump according to the utility model embodiment is simple with blade wheel structure, and working efficiency is higher, and the life-span is longer, and is fit to produce in batches.
As shown in figure 15, show insulating boot 230 according to preferred embodiment of the present utility model.Insulating boot 230 is provided with terminal protection structure 141.Insulating boot 230 is an end opening, the tubular structure of the other end sealing.The open end of insulating boot 230 receives some parts of motor portion 2, and is connected with main casing 21.Comprise on the sidewall of insulating boot 230 be used to the terminal mouth 142 that tenminal block is set.Terminal protection structure 141 is from insulating boot 230 outwardly directed inversion L shaped plates above the terminal mouth 142 of insulating boot.
In addition, terminal protection structure 141 preferably includes wall portion 145 and the wall portion 146 of upwards holding up from flash edge and the outermost edge of substrate 143.
The substrate 143 of terminal protection structure 141 and batten plate 144 form part around the L shaped structure of inversion of terminal mouth; and substrate 143 and form a rhone from wall portion 145 that substrate is holded up and the sidewall of wall portion 146 and insulating boot 230; when water droplet drops on the substrate; water just can slide to the side along substrate 143; and flow down along batten plate 144; thereby prevent that water droplet from falling in terminal and the terminal mouth, prevent that short circuit from taking place, thereby play a protective role.
Describe each embodiment of the present utility model in the above in detail.Yet, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present utility model and spirit, can carry out various modifications to these embodiments, combination or sub-portfolio, and such modification should fall in the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (12)
1. draining impeller of pump, it is characterized in that, this impeller comprises wheel disc and a plurality of blade that is arranged on the wheel disc, described blade extends away from sheave surface from sheave surface along the impeller axial direction, and have the adjacent impeller axis first end and away from the impeller axis and with the first end second opposed end;
Wherein blade has the sectional shape of smooth curved in the plane perpendicular to the impeller axis, described sectional shape comprises first curved section of contiguous first end and second curved section of contiguous second end at least, first curved section has first curvature radius, and second curved section has the radius of second curvature that is different from first curvature radius.
2. impeller as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, first curvature radius is greater than radius of second curvature.
3. impeller as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein first end is that entry end and second end of blade are the outlet end of blade.
4. impeller as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the centre of curvature of first curved section and second curved section is in the same side of blade.
5. impeller as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, blade also comprises linearity between first curved section and second curved section or the 3rd section of arc.
6. impeller as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the 3rd section is the 3rd curved section with the 3rd radius of curvature, and the 3rd radius of curvature is greater than first and second radius of curvature.
7. impeller as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the 3rd section is the 3rd curved section with the 3rd radius of curvature, and the 3rd radius of curvature is between first and second radius of curvature.
8. impeller as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, first curved section is the Inlet cone angle α of blade at the tangent line at the first end place with angle in the radial direction of this position, and the Inlet cone angle α of described blade is 0-25 °; And second curved section is the exit angle β of blade at the tangent line at the second end place with angle in the radial direction of this position, and the exit angle β of described blade is 70-90 °.
9. impeller as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wheel disk center has impeller bore, is used for being connected with motor reel, is provided with at least one relief hole in the annular section between first end of impeller bore and blade.
10. impeller as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described wheel disc and blade are integrally formed as single-piece.
11. a draining pump is characterized in that, described draining pump comprises each described impeller in the claim as described above and is used for the motor of drives impeller.
12. draining pump as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described draining pump is used for dishwasher or washing machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320218547 CN203201862U (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2013-04-25 | Impeller for water draining pump and water draining pump |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320218547 CN203201862U (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2013-04-25 | Impeller for water draining pump and water draining pump |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203201862U true CN203201862U (en) | 2013-09-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 201320218547 Expired - Lifetime CN203201862U (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2013-04-25 | Impeller for water draining pump and water draining pump |
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| CN (1) | CN203201862U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015154697A1 (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-15 | 常州雷利电机科技有限公司 | Direct current brushless motor system for drain pump, and control method and control device thereof |
| CN110835831A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-25 | 青岛海尔滚筒洗衣机有限公司 | Pump device and washing equipment equipped with same |
-
2013
- 2013-04-25 CN CN 201320218547 patent/CN203201862U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015154697A1 (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-15 | 常州雷利电机科技有限公司 | Direct current brushless motor system for drain pump, and control method and control device thereof |
| CN110835831A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-25 | 青岛海尔滚筒洗衣机有限公司 | Pump device and washing equipment equipped with same |
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