CN203200711U - River way intersection zone rapid-slow flow smooth transition flow guiding structure - Google Patents
River way intersection zone rapid-slow flow smooth transition flow guiding structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN203200711U CN203200711U CN 201320206866 CN201320206866U CN203200711U CN 203200711 U CN203200711 U CN 203200711U CN 201320206866 CN201320206866 CN 201320206866 CN 201320206866 U CN201320206866 U CN 201320206866U CN 203200711 U CN203200711 U CN 203200711U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a river way intersection zone rapid-slow flow smooth transition flow guiding structure. According to the structure, a hydraulic jump energy dissipation section is arranged on a rapid flow channel in front of the intersection portion of two channels. A streamline channel wall is arranged between the hydraulic jump energy dissipation section on the rapid flow channel and a slow flow channel. A jet control structure comprises a fish mouth and a flow guiding wall which is arranged at the top end of the fish mouth and is in parallel with the slow flow channel. The fish mouth is arranged on the connecting crossing point of the streamline channel wall and the slow flow channel and extends to a stable flow guiding channel to the center of the slow flow channel. The structure has the advantages that when rapid flow directly enters the slow flow channel, large stationary waves are prevented from being formed, the channels can well draw off floodwater; water flow of the rapid flow channel can change direction stably, a flow line deforms smoothly, water flow separation and vortexes are weakened or even removed, the practical water flow water passing area is enlarged; the jet control structure effectively lowers the water level at an intersection mouth; channel design floodwater drawing off flow is guaranteed, the water level at the intersection mouth is effectively controlled, the structure can be well popularized widely in areas with limited land and city flood control projects, and expropriation of land is greatly lowered.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the river dynamics technical field, is specifically related to a kind of for the anxious unhurried current of river course confluence smooth transition flow-guiding structure.
Background technology
The limitation of urban economy development needs and urban land is tending towards concentrated so that river channelization is serious.In a single day big flood occurs in the city, and consequence is hardly imaginable, so the flood passage design of channel has been proposed very high requirement.The design of channel itself is comparatively simple, mainly is to design canal cross section size and base slope according to the flood passage amount; And channel is connected design relative complex and important many with the node of channel.If design of node is bad, easily causes flood passage difficulty and cause Urban Flood Waterlogging.Channel is connected with the node of channel and should designs according to the flow shape of two channels, current trend etc., and this paper only connects the method for river diversion that smooth transition is provided for the torrent channel to the node that unhurried current channel wide-angle enters to converge.Because the restriction that urban planning and soil utilize, the trend of channel and form can not change easily, and this is a bottleneck of city channel design of node.Also less than the design manual of mouthful complicated waterpower problem that crosses for rivers and canals, the lot of domestic and international correlative study all is for a Utopian mouth that crosses at present, although can not be directly used in engineering practice, a lot of basic theories of confluxing can be used for reference.The saliva that for example confluxes stream form it is generally acknowledged and can be divided into 7 districts, and wherein there are stagnant wake, Disengagement zone and shear layer (Fig. 1) in several important zones.The stagnant wake is the standing wave that two strands of current top-lashed actions form, and this zone reduces channel and crosses aqua region, is unfavorable for flood passage safety; The size in this zone is mainly relevant with the angle that enters to converge with the flow velocity that enters charge for remittance stream.The Disengagement zone is the whirlpool district that is positioned at into remittance channel one side, discharge area that its existence bundle is narrow; The size in this zone is mainly relevant with the angle that enters to converge with the ratio of momentum of two strands of current.Shear layer is to be positioned at the middle together vertical water layer of two strands of current, and this layer has the characteristics such as flow velocity is large, turbulent fluctuation is strong, and easily the bed surface at this place forms dell.Because with respect to the reducing of the Upstream Canal cross-section of river, confluxing mouthful can exist sizable choking water to the narrow and Channel of Downstream of the bundle of the cross-section of river own in the Disengagement zone.The height of swell is relevant with the angle that enters to converge with the ratio of momentum of two strands of current, and the momentum of two strands of current differs larger, and the angle that enters to converge is larger, and then the height of swell is larger.If as seen the torrent channel enter to converge to the unhurried current channel and do not adopt special method of river diversion, the problem of appearance mainly contains: 1) torrent top punching unhurried current forms large-scale standing wave; 2) cross the saliva flow point from, form Maelstrom; 3) torrent cuts off unhurried current and causes the backflow of unhurried current channel, hinders unhurried current channel overcurrent; 4) cause the saliva position of confluxing significantly to rise, increased the risk (Fig. 2) of the casual top overflow of channel dyke generation.Wherein, the 3rd problem unhurried current refluxes, and to be that torrent enters to converge the form of confluxing of unhurried current peculiar.
Summary of the invention
The utility model proposes the anxious unhurried current of river course confluence smooth transition flow-guiding structure, its purpose is to overcome the problems such as the city canalization is serious, design of node is difficult, the soil utilization is nervous, this structure can enter torrent remittance unhurried current channel reposefully, the generation of large-scale standing wave when avoiding torrent to enter the unhurried current channel, reducing whirlpool separates with current, on the basis that guarantees design flood passage flow, the generation of city big flood is reduced in the reduce saliva position of confluxing.
Technical solution of the present utility model: its structure comprises energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section, streamlined canal wall and jet vectoring structure; On the torrent channel before wherein the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section is arranged on the unhurried current channel, steadily water conservancy diversion channel two channels cross, streamlined canal wall is arranged on the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section on the torrent channel and flows slowly between the channel; The jet vectoring structure is comprised of fish mouth, guide wall, and wherein guide wall places the Yu Zui top, and parallel with the unhurried current channel; Described fish mouth is arranged on streamlined canal wall and the intersection point that links to each other of unhurried current channel, and this intersection point connects steady water conservancy diversion channel; Described torrent design discharge of canal 188.4m
3/ s, the wide 7.2m in riverbed, base slope 1/280, the Fo Luode number is 1.22, flow-shape belongs to torrent; Unhurried current design discharge of canal 89.7m
3/ s, the wide 10m in riverbed, base slope 1/1000, Fo Luode number are 0.77, flow-shape belongs to unhurried current; Steady water conservancy diversion design discharge of canal 278.1m
3/ s, the wide 8m in riverbed, base slope 1/1000, Fo Luode number are 0.67, flow-shape belongs to unhurried current; Described energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section is arranged on the torrent channel of two channels before crossing; When torrent entered the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section, because the cross-section of river increases, the torrent fluidised form can be converted into unhurried current by weak hydraulic jump, thereby consumes a part of water body kinetic energy, forms large-scale standing wave, the angle of flare 5o of energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section when avoiding torrent directly to enter the unhurried current channel; Described streamlined canal wall uses the oblique canal wall of 45o; The angle of described torrent channel and unhurried current channel is set to 60o; Described fish mouth is the thin prismatic wall of a long 20m.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: form large-scale standing wave when 1) the present invention can avoid torrent directly to enter the unhurried current channel, be beneficial to the channel flood passage; 2) can make the torrent ditch water flow steadily change direction, the smooth-going distortion of streamline weakens even eliminates that current separate and whirlpool, increases actual current discharge area; 3) the present invention adopts the jet vectoring structure effectively to reduce the saliva position of confluxing; 4) utilized dexterously and confluxed and jet theory, under the prerequisite that as far as possible reduces the city expropriation of land, namely guaranteed the design flood passage flow of channel, effectively controlled the saliva position of confluxing, be conducive to spread in the area of land limited and flood control works, greatly reduce expropriation of land.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the idealized saliva stream form schematic diagram that crosses.
Fig. 2 is that the torrent channel enters remittance unhurried current ditch water flow form schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that doab anxious unhurried current smooth transition flow-guiding structure is handed in the river course.
Fig. 4 (a) is the A-A directional profile figure among Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 (b) is the A '-A ' directional profile figure among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the jet vectoring structural representation.
Fig. 6 is the velocity profile of B-C section among Fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is the water level distribution map of B-C section among Fig. 3.
Among the figure 1 is torrent channel, the 2nd, unhurried current channel, the 3rd, steady water conservancy diversion channel, the 4th, energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section, the 5th, streamlined canal wall, the 6th, fish mouth, the 7th, guide wall, the 8th, shear layer.
The specific embodiment
As shown in drawings, the river course hands over the structure of doab anxious unhurried current smooth transition flow-guiding structure to comprise energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section 4, streamlined canal wall 5 and jet vectoring structure; Wherein energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section 4 is arranged on the torrent channel 1 of two channels before crossing, and streamlined canal wall 5 is arranged between the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section 4 and unhurried current channel 2 on the torrent channel 1; The jet vectoring structure is comprised of fish mouth 6, guide wall 7, and wherein guide wall 7 places fish mouth 6 tops, and parallel with unhurried current channel 2; Described fish mouth 6 is arranged on streamlined canal wall 5 and the intersection point that links to each other of unhurried current channel 2, and extends to steady water conservancy diversion channel 3 to channel 2 centers of flowing slowly.
Described guide wall 7 Main Functions are water conservancy diversion and form jet.
Described fish mouth Main Function is water conservancy diversion and supports guide wall.
The hydraulic jump partial water flow phenomenon that the water surface is jumped up suddenly when to be open-channel flow from torrent be transitioned into unhurried current; There is the rotary roll district at torrent to the unhurried current transitional region, because the violent rotation of the water body in rotary roll district and turbulent fluctuation, and momentum-exchange frequently between rotary roll district and the main flow area, greatly aggravate the rubbing action of Hydraulic Jump Region inside, thereby lost a large amount of mechanical energy of water body; Often utilize hydraulic jump to come energy dissipating in the hydraulic engineering.The present invention slows down flow rate of water flow by suitably enlarging the cross-section of river at the torrent channel, utilizes weak hydraulic jump to consume a part of water body kinetic energy, forms large-scale standing wave when avoiding torrent directly to enter the unhurried current channel; Can take over the land for use the permission situation and decide by reality in the discharge area of energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section.
Water body is laminar flow at streamliner surface main manifestations, does not have or seldom have turbulent flow, and this has guaranteed that water body is subject to less resistance.Streamlined canal wall 5 can reduce the flood passage resistance, and when realizing that torrent enters the unhurried current channel, water flow stationary changes direction, the smooth-going distortion of streamline.The most important thing is streamlined canal wall can weaken even eliminate as shown in Figure 1 the Disengagement zone or whirlpool district as shown in Figure 2.Disengagement zone in other words whirlpool district will occur when the current streamline is undergone mutation, and not only restraints the narrow cross-section of river, is unfavorable for flood passage, and the lifting height of swell causes dyke to overflow the top overflow.And the smooth-going grain direction that must change of streamlined canal wall, effective generation that must suppress the Disengagement zone.For the basis at few land acquisition increases discharge area, can use oblique canal wall.Tiltedly the canal wall can effectively reduce the height of swell.
The Main Function of described jet vectoring structure is to separate torrent and unhurried current, avoids directly into remittance, and by guiding final formation 0o to conflux (perhaps jet), thereby reach the purpose of steady water conservancy diversion.From the theory of confluxing, 0o confluxes except there being shear layer 8, and the other influences current are advanced, destroyed the stable several current zone of rivers and canals and all can disappear, and the height of swell of the section that confluxes can be 0o and significantly reducing because of the angle of confluxing also.From jet theory, although there is flow velocity difference in two strands of parallel current, the velocity flow profile of section of confluxing can be found out the discontinuous of flow velocity, it is must be continuous that but pressure (perhaps water level) distributes, mainly be because of the shear action of torrent channel jet to the unhurried current channel, so that unhurried current channel water level descends.Two strands of current are not all significantly choked water phenomenon before the section because conflux, so the section water level that confluxes distributes continuously, can not occur obviously choking water yet, thereby effectively control the saliva position of confluxing.
In fact, sudden change has occured in torrent ditch water flow form near jet orifice, carries out transition from torrent unhurried current downstream, a hydraulic jump has occured near that is to say jet orifice.Can be obtained by Jump Characteristics, the depth of water of downstream unhurried current (is the second sequent depth
h 2) with the torrent channel jet orifice depth of water (i.e. the first conjugate depth
h 1) relational expression be
In the formula:
h 2Be the second sequent depth;
h 1It is the first conjugate depth;
FrFo Luode number for the torrent ditch water flow.
For the depth of water that reduces downstream unhurried current the second sequent depth namely as far as possible
h 2, must reduce the Fo Luode number of torrent ditch water flow as far as possible
FrAnd the Fo Luode number of torrent
Fr〉=1, so and if only if
Fr=1, the depth of water of downstream unhurried current is the second sequent depth namely
h 2Minimum, and this moment
h 2=
h 1 Fr=1 state is when namely torrent marches near the jet orifice, and fluidised form just in time is converted into critical flow, thereby obvious hydraulic jump does not occur, downstream unhurried current and the direct transition of upstream torrent, and the depth of water is no longer undergone mutation.The Fo Luode of torrent ditch water flow counts design formulas
In the formula:
αBe kinetic energy correction factor;
uBe torrent canal cross section mean flow rate;
gBe acceleration of gravity;
QBe the torrent design discharge of canal;
ABe the jet orifice cross-sectional area of guide wall to the formation of torrent channel canal wall.
When
Fr=1 o'clock,
h 2=
h 1So, the depth of water (saliva that namely confluxes is dark) of downstream unhurried current
h 2Calculating formula be
Can be found out by formula (4), in design discharge
QIn certain situation, the saliva that confluxes is dark
h 2Mainly by the jet orifice discharge area
ADetermine, namely by the width of jet orifice
B 1Decide.As long as select suitable jet orifice width, just can control the fluidised form that torrent walks to jet orifice, thereby control the water level of the whole mouth that confluxes.So the jet orifice width is the key of channel design of node, in the situation that known torrent design discharge of canal and mouthful design water level of confluxing, discharge area can be calculated by formula (5):
(5)
And the jet orifice width
B 1The discharge area that is then obtained by canal cross section form and formula (5) is determined.
Embodiment, torrent channel 1 design discharge 188.4m
3/ s, the wide 7.2m in riverbed, base slope 1/280, the Fo Luode number is 1.22, flow-shape belongs to torrent; Unhurried current channel 2 design discharge 89.7m
3/ s, the wide 10m in riverbed, base slope 1/1000, Fo Luode number are 0.77, flow-shape belongs to unhurried current; Steady water conservancy diversion channel 3 design discharge 278.1m
3/ s, the wide 8m in riverbed, base slope 1/1000, Fo Luode number are 0.67, flow-shape belongs to unhurried current.
Described energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section 4 is arranged on the torrent channel 1 of two channels before crossing.When torrent entered energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section 4, because the cross-section of river increases, the torrent fluidised form can be converted into unhurried current by weak hydraulic jump, thereby consumes a part of water body kinetic energy, forms large-scale standing wave when avoiding torrent directly to enter unhurried current channel 2.As shown in Figure 3, the angle of flare of energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section can be taken over the land for use the permission situation and decides by reality, such as 5o.
Described streamlined canal wall 5 is arranged between torrent channel energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section 4 and the unhurried current channel 2.During through streamlined canal wall, main manifestations is laminar flow in the streamliner surface through the current behind the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump, does not have or turbulent flow is seldom arranged, so that current are subject to less resistance, water flow stationary changes direction, the smooth-going distortion of streamline, thus reduced the flood passage resistance; And weaken even eliminate that current separate and whirlpool, be beneficial to flood passage.
For the basis at few land acquisition increases discharge area, all streamlined canal walls 5 can use the oblique canal wall of 45o, shown in Fig. 4 (a).Tiltedly the canal wall can effectively reduce the height of swell.The angle of torrent channel 1 and unhurried current channel 2 is set to 60o, if actual conditions allow, can further reduce to lengthen streamlined canal wall, reduces two channel angles.
The torrent design discharge of canal is 188.4m
3/ s, mouthful design head that confluxes is 4m, kinetic energy correction factor
α=1.0, acceleration of gravity
G=9.81m
2/ s, then by formula (5) as can be known, discharge area is
The form of the jet orifice cross-section of river is shown in Fig. 4 (b), and then discharge area can be expressed as:
In the formula:
B 1Be the distance of guide wall 7 to torrent channel 1 canal wall.
B 1Can be easy to calculate:
As shown in Figure 3, guide wall 7 is to the distance of torrent channel 1 canal wall
B 1, guide wall 7 is to the distance of unhurried current channel 2 canal walls
B 2Be respectively 5.5m and 2.5m.But more accurate data need physical experiments or numerical model simulation to determine.
The scope of application of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
Claims (1)
1. the anxious unhurried current of river course confluence smooth transition flow-guiding structure is characterized in that comprising energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section, streamlined canal wall and jet vectoring structure; On the torrent channel before wherein the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section is arranged on the unhurried current channel, steadily water conservancy diversion channel two channels cross, streamlined canal wall is arranged on the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section on the torrent channel and flows slowly between the channel; The jet vectoring structure is comprised of fish mouth, guide wall, and wherein guide wall places the Yu Zui top, and parallel with the unhurried current channel; Described fish mouth is arranged on streamlined canal wall and the intersection point that links to each other of unhurried current channel, and this intersection point connects steady water conservancy diversion channel; Described torrent design discharge of canal 188.4m
3/ s, the wide 7.2m in riverbed, base slope 1/280, the Fo Luode number is 1.22, flow-shape belongs to torrent; Unhurried current design discharge of canal 89.7m
3/ s, the wide 10m in riverbed, base slope 1/1000, Fo Luode number are 0.77, flow-shape belongs to unhurried current; Steady water conservancy diversion design discharge of canal 278.1m
3/ s, the wide 8m in riverbed, base slope 1/1000, Fo Luode number are 0.67, flow-shape belongs to unhurried current; Described energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section is arranged on the torrent channel of two channels before crossing; When torrent entered the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section, because the cross-section of river increases, the torrent fluidised form can be converted into unhurried current by weak hydraulic jump, thereby consumes a part of water body kinetic energy, forms large-scale standing wave, the angle of flare 5o of energy dissipation by hydraulic jump section when avoiding torrent directly to enter the unhurried current channel; Described streamlined canal wall uses the oblique canal wall of 45o; The angle of described torrent channel and unhurried current channel is set to 60o; Described fish mouth is the thin prismatic wall of a long 20m.
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| CN 201320206866 CN203200711U (en) | 2013-04-23 | 2013-04-23 | River way intersection zone rapid-slow flow smooth transition flow guiding structure |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104099896A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-15 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Permeable impact-resistant distribution dam suitable for confluence of natural main river channel and natural branch river channel |
| CN107338758A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-10 | 河海大学 | The experimental system and its analogy method of water-sediment movement under the complexity riverbed of network of waterways confluence |
| CN110195465A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-03 | 中信国安建工集团有限公司 | The confluence node structure and its confluence method of municipal drainage pipe network |
| CN110984064A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-10 | 长沙理工大学 | Method for improving river channel Jiangxin continental tail ship navigation water flow conditions |
-
2013
- 2013-04-23 CN CN 201320206866 patent/CN203200711U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104099896A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-15 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Permeable impact-resistant distribution dam suitable for confluence of natural main river channel and natural branch river channel |
| CN107338758A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-10 | 河海大学 | The experimental system and its analogy method of water-sediment movement under the complexity riverbed of network of waterways confluence |
| CN110195465A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-03 | 中信国安建工集团有限公司 | The confluence node structure and its confluence method of municipal drainage pipe network |
| CN110195465B (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2024-02-06 | 中信国安建工集团有限公司 | Converging node structure of municipal drainage pipe network and converging method thereof |
| CN110984064A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-10 | 长沙理工大学 | Method for improving river channel Jiangxin continental tail ship navigation water flow conditions |
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Granted publication date: 20130918 Termination date: 20160423 |