CN203144366U - Quality-improving device for low-rank coal - Google Patents
Quality-improving device for low-rank coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN203144366U CN203144366U CN2012206767329U CN201220676732U CN203144366U CN 203144366 U CN203144366 U CN 203144366U CN 2012206767329 U CN2012206767329 U CN 2012206767329U CN 201220676732 U CN201220676732 U CN 201220676732U CN 203144366 U CN203144366 U CN 203144366U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a quality-improving device for low-rank coal, which comprises a hot-blast stove, a drier, a cracking device, a cyclone separator, a wrapping reactor, and a coke quenching passivation device. According to the utility model, prolysis semicoke passivation and coal tar conversion to light fraction are realized synchronously; the produced low-rank coal semicoke has better combustion characteristics than semicoke produced by common quality-improving process, has a low ignition point, a high heat value, good combustion stability, and furthermore, high strength and no spontaneous combustion during long-distance transport. Additionally, the product has an extremely low asphaltene content in liquid oil, a high added value, high product price, and is convenient and economical in subsequent deep processing.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of novel low-rank coal upgrading device, particularly the low-rank coal upgrading device of the passivation of brown coal pyrolysis char and coal tar lighting coupling.
Background technology
China's brown coal reserves are abundant, and brown coal output surpassed 300,000,000 tons in 2010, accounted for 10% of national coal production.The highly-efficient processing utilization of brown coal has become the problem that the coal in China energy field is shown great attention to.
Because the brown coal coalforming period is short, its water yield, oxygen level and fugitive constituent height, total water is up to 20-60%.Cause calorific value low on the one hand, be unsuitable for direct burning; Cause chemical reactivity too high on the other hand, very easily weathering and fragmentation in air is unsuitable for remote transportation and standing storage.Therefore, the brown coal upgrading is the key link that brown coal utilize.In order to satisfy different purposes to the requirement of coal quality, the brown coal Upgrading Processes is divided into dehydration upgrading, moulding upgrading and pyrolysis upgrading, wherein the pyrolysis upgrading can be obtained semicoke, three kinds of primary products of coal tar oil and gas simultaneously, is considered to the effective ways of brown coal comprehensive utilization.
The existing nearly 30 years history of brown coal pyrolysis upgrading research.It is hybrid that brown coal process for upgrading technology can be divided into external-heat, internal heat type and the outer heat of interior heat according to type of heating; Difference according to heating medium has two kinds of the gentle body heat support methods of solid heat carrier method; Can be divided into rotating bed, fixed bed, fluidized-bed, air flow bed, reach bed (rotary kiln/kiln) technology etc. of rolling according to the operation conditions of solid materials in reactor.
Typical case's representative of external brown coal pyrolysis upgrading set technique technology mainly contains the Toscoal rotary kiln pyrolytic process of Oil Shale Corporation of America (The Oil Shale Corporation) exploitation; The LFC(Liquid From Coal of U.S. shell mining (Shell Mining Company) company and the cooperative development of U.S. SGI company) technology; The ACCP(Advanced Coal Conversion Process of western energy company exploitation) pyrolytic process; The fluid bed fast pyrolysis technology of Australian Union's science and industrial research institute (CSIRO) exploitation; The Lurgi-Ruhrgas(L-R that Germany Lurgi GmbH and U.S. Ruhrgas AG develop jointly) solid thermal carriers low temperature pyrogenation technology; Reach the Lurgi-Spuelgas(L-S of German Lurgi GmbH exploitation) technology etc.The unit of domestic research coal pyrolysis technology is numerous, and the technology that more typically is applicable to brown coal pyrolysis upgrading has multistage rotary kiln (MRF) pyrolytic process of Chinese coal scientific research Zong Yuan Beijing Coal Chemical Industry branch exploitation; The Guo Shu of Dalian University of Technology just waits brown coal solid heat carrier method destructive distillation (DG) technology of people's research and development; The low-rank coal pyrolytic process that Firing Shenhua Coal oiling worker processed research institute is developing; Chinese Academy of Sciences's Shanxi coalification and " coal pulls out head technique " (BT technology) of process engineering institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences etc.
The technology quality of brown coal pyrolysis process for upgrading depends on the quality of coal gas, coal tar and semicoke, obtains coal tar or coal gas when above-mentioned various technologies are intended to promote the semicoke quality.From above-mentioned each technology of pyrolysis temperature angle contrast as can be seen: except the ACCP technology, the pyrolysis temperature of other technology is difficult for spontaneous combustion all above 500 ℃ after the simple Passivation Treatment of gained semicoke product, and water absorbability also significantly improves.Come relatively from the speed of heating, the existing gas-particle heat transfer of fluidization that CSIRO adopts also has heat transfer admittedly, and pyrolysis rate is fast, and liquid yield will be significantly higher than other upgrading technology, but quality and workability are relatively poor.
The quenching of former Encoal process using water spray Quench causes water consumption to cause the semicoke Quench to burst apart and efflorescence greatly, on the other hand on the one hand.The mass-producing brown coal upgrading project of domestic unique operation is the LFC brown coal process for upgrading of Datang Xilin Hot, low-temperature pyrolysis brown coal process for upgrading in belonging to, 300,000 tons/year of processing poweies.But big, the remote transportation difficulty of the upgrading brown coal disintegrating slag ratio of this project construction, product mainly uses for the surrounding area Industrial Boiler.
All in all, present brown coal upgrading technology major part both domestic and external is in experimental study and industrial Qualify Phase, does not still have precedent and the experience of large-scale engineering application.Most of technology exists that process system complexity, system's serviceability are low, brown coal upgrading cost height, environmental pollution heavily wait problem.Its major cause comprises:
1) owing to the particular attribute of coal solid materials, in actual through engineering approaches, the formation of coal dust (dirt) and control are that laboratory even pilot-plant test platform scale can't be verified;
2) the brown coal pyrolysis temperature is low, and various heat exchanges or reaction are the process of relative low temperature, causes heat transfer temperature difference little thus, the utilization difficulty of tow taste heat, and process efficiency is low;
3) research that lignite semi-coke passivation mechanism, process conditions and through engineering approaches are amplified does not still have and carries out, and makes a whole set of technology limited in ripening degree and business promotion.
The utility model content
In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, in this application, use for reference the theory of two-stage differentiation (delayed coking) in the mink cell focus processing and the thinking that the steel-making coke strenth promotes, the slowly low-rank coal upgrading device of cooling of pyrolysis coal tar passivation semicoke and semicoke original position is proposed, not only improve semicoke intensity, reduced the apparent chemistry of semicoke, and the lighting of pyrolysis coal tar original position, reach the dual purpose of semicoke passivation and coal tar lighting, kill two birds with one stone.
The utility model also provides a kind of low-rank coal upgrading device, it comprises hotblast stove, moisture eliminator, cracker, cyclonic separator, wraps reactor and quenching deactivator, wherein, hotblast stove provides the gaseous heat-carrier of differing temps to above-mentioned moisture eliminator and above-mentioned cracker; Moisture eliminator, reception is as the low-rank coal of feed coal, with above-mentioned hotblast stove pipe connection, first gaseous heat-carrier that provides by above-mentioned hotblast stove heats the low order coal seam, carry out drying, obtain dried low-rank coal and produce by-product gas, and above-mentioned by-product gas is led to above-mentioned reactor and the above-mentioned quenching deactivator of wrapping; Cracker, be arranged at the below of above-mentioned moisture eliminator, above-mentioned dried low-rank coal enters above-mentioned cracker under action of gravity, second gaseous heat-carrier that provides by above-mentioned hotblast stove makes coal seam after drying carry out pyrolytic reaction, obtain dusty gas and hot semicoke, above-mentioned dusty gas separates fine coal and the gaseous substance that obtains solid matter after entering above-mentioned cyclonic separator, the part of gaseous substance is replenished above-mentioned first gaseous heat-carrier or second gaseous heat-carrier that becomes in the above-mentioned hotblast stove after burning, another part of gaseous substance becomes splitting gas after preliminary cooling; Wrap reactor, be arranged at the below of above-mentioned cracker, above-mentioned hot semicoke under action of gravity, enter above-mentioned wrap reactor after, utilize pipeline that above-mentioned gas cold carrier and above-mentioned splitting gas are input to the above-mentioned reactor that wraps, progressively cool off above-mentioned hot semicoke and above-mentioned splitting gas by the gas cold carrier, the hot semicoke surface of cooling off is progressively separated out and is wrapped in the heavy constituent in the above-mentioned splitting gas, subsequently, above-mentioned hot semicoke is further cooled off by above-mentioned by-product gas, obtains wrapping semicoke and mixed gas; With the quenching deactivator, make that the above-mentioned by-product gas behind the further cooled above-mentioned hot semicoke and temperature regulation directly contacts, adsorption moisture reaches the nature saturated-water phase again.
In above-mentioned low-rank coal upgrading device, preferably also comprise the gas treating system that is connected with above-mentioned moisture eliminator, above-mentioned by-product gas leads to above-mentioned reactor and the above-mentioned quenching deactivator of wrapping after handling through the above-mentioned gas treatment system.
In above-mentioned low-rank coal upgrading device, comprise also preferably being connected above-mentioned cyclonic separator and the above-mentioned interchanger that wraps between the reactor that above-mentioned another part of above-mentioned gaseous substance becomes splitting gas through after the preliminary cooling of above-mentioned interchanger.
In above-mentioned low-rank coal upgrading device, preferably comprise also with above-mentioned wrapping the electric fishing storage that reactor links to each other that above-mentioned mixed gas is isolated liquid oils through above-mentioned electric fishing storage.
In above-mentioned low-rank coal upgrading device, preferably also comprise with above-mentioned wrapping the air-seperation system that reactor links to each other, from air, isolate the nitrogen as the above-mentioned gas cold carrier.
In above-mentioned low-rank coal upgrading device, the preferred above-mentioned reactor that wraps is divided into leading portion and back segment, and above-mentioned gas cold carrier and above-mentioned splitting gas feed above-mentioned leading portion, and above-mentioned by-product gas feeds above-mentioned back segment.
According to the utility model, can realize pyrolysis char passivation and coal tar lighting synchronously, and the low-rank coal coal-char combustion characteristic of producing is better than common upgrading semicoke that process is produced, point of ignition is low, calorific value is high, combustion stability is good, in addition, intensity is big, the not spontaneous combustion of transporting for long-distance.And product liquid oil medium pitch matter content is extremely low, and added value is big, the product price height, and follow-up deep processing is convenient, economical.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is low-rank coal upgrading device synoptic diagram of the present utility model.
Nomenclature
11: moisture eliminator
12: hotblast stove
13: cracker
14: cyclonic separator
15: wrap reactor
16: the electric fishing storage
17: the quenching deactivator
21: gas treating system
22: air-seperation system
23: interchanger
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in further details.In the present embodiment, be example with brown coal, disclose low-rank coal method for upgrading and equipment thereof.
As shown in Figure 1, enter moisture eliminator 11 as the brown coal of raw material through feeding tube, simultaneously, hotblast stove 12 feeds to moisture eliminator 11 with gaseous heat-carrier, and gaseous heat-carrier heats the brown coal in the moisture eliminator 11.Wherein, hotblast stove 12 with oxygen and as a supplement oil fuel, Sweet natural gas or the liquefied gas etc. of fuel be raw material, the reaction of oxygen and postcombustion, generation is with CO
2With gaseous state H
2O is the gaseous heat-carrier of main ingredient, for example CO
2Volume percent be about 50%, gaseous state H
2The volume percent of O is about 50%, and in reaction release of heat, the gaseous heat-carrier that obtains having optimal temperature.In the present embodiment, the temperature (being also referred to as " temperature in ") that gaseous heat-carrier enters before the moisture eliminator 11 is controlled at 140～240 ℃ (such as 160 ℃, 180 ℃, 200 ℃, 220 ℃), thereby by the gaseous heat-carrier of this temperature the temperature in the coal seam in the moisture eliminator 11 is controlled below 140 ℃.
Table 1
| The coal seam temperature | Be lower than 80 ℃ 80 ℃～140 ℃ | Above 140 ℃ |
| The dried moisture weight content in coal seam | 25%～35%5%～10% | The water yield is few |
| Have or not pyrolytic reaction | Do not have | CO, CH4 etc. are separated out in the pyrolytic reaction aggravation |
As above shown in the table, temperature control in coal seam below 140 ℃, can be guaranteed at utmost to remove the moisture in the coal, and not have pyrolytic reaction to occur.This is because when the brown coal temperature is lower than 80 ℃, the moisture that removes mainly be free water and form with coal a little less than the water of hydrogen bond, the original moisture of low-rank coal can be removed at least weight percentage 25%～35%(such as 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%); And when scope at 80 ℃～140 ℃ of the temperature of brown coal, the moisture that removes mainly is and the coal surface forms the water of strong hydrogen bonding, this moment minimum can be with moisture removal to weight percentage 5%～10%; And when the temperature of brown coal surpassed 140 ℃, the moisture that removes then was the moisture that remains the inherent water of the part that is difficult to remove and pyrolysis generation, and the generation of meeting aggravation pyrolysis under this temperature, thereby began to separate out a small amount of CO, CH from brown coal
4Deng, have sometimes and reach 200ppm CO, CH up and down
4Separate out.
In order to prevent brown coal involuntary ignition in drying process, requiring the volume percent of the oxygen level in the gaseous heat-carrier is below 8%, such as smaller or equal to volume percent 6%, the volume percent of the oxygen level of preferred gas thermal barrier is 1～5%, further preferably less than 2～3%, more preferably about 1%.Thereby guaranteed the safety of brown coal in drying process.
Evenly tile in coal seam in the moisture eliminator 11, the gaseous heat-carrier that enters moisture eliminator is 140～240 ℃, and the coal seam in the moisture eliminator is room temperature substantially before being heated, so when gaseous heat-carrier from bottom to top passes the coal seam, carry out heat exchange between the two, until the coal seam is heated to below 140 ℃.So far, the most of moisture in the brown coal is removed, and at this moment, the moisture weight content of brown coal is in 5%～15% level (such as 8%, 11%, 14%), preferably can reach 6%～10%.And, in this process, can not cause the pyrolytic reaction of brown coal, this mainly is because low-rank coal generally at 350～600 ℃ low temperature pyrogenation takes place, high temperature pyrolysis takes place at 800～900 ℃ in warm solution in 600～800 ℃ of generations, and in the present embodiment, temperature control in coal seam below 140 ℃, is not reached the temperature that pyrolytic reaction takes place.In this drying is handled, only have a spot of CO and produce, the processing of mainly carrying out that still removes moisture produces a large amount of gaseous state H
2O.
In above-mentioned drying process, the by-product gas of generation mainly is gaseous state H
2Poor oxygen gas such as O and a small amount of CO.Subsequently, by-product gas enters gas treating system 21, and carries out processing such as dedusting, desulfurization in gas treating system.Dust-removal and desulfurizing is herein handled only to be needed to get final product according to common technology, for example can adopt whirlwind primary dust removing, subsequent configuration electric precipitation or bag-type dust.
Coal seam in the moisture eliminator evenly is heated to predefined Heating temperature for example after 140 ℃, and drying process finishes.Subsequently, the valve plate in the fuel dropping pipe between moisture eliminator and the cracker 13 obtains opening, and the brown coal through super-dry in the moisture eliminator enter cracker 13 under action of gravity.And, in order to guarantee that the high-temperature gas thermal barrier in the cracker can contact with the coal seam is full and uniform, dried brown coal need be tiled on the disk of cracker 13 equably, and according to the internal structure of cracker, the coal seam suitably be controlled in the scope of 200～600 millimeters thickness.
After brown coal reached cracker, hotblast stove 12 was fed to the high-temperature gas thermal barrier in the cracker 13, made the gaseous heat-carrier of high temperature can directly contact the brown coal coal seam on the disk, thereby carried out pyrolytic reaction.
The gaseous heat-carrier that hotblast stove 12 is transported in the cracker 13 is the high-temperature gas thermal barrier, and is identical with the component of gaseous heat-carrier in being transported to moisture eliminator, also is to generate with CO behind oxygen in the hotblast stove and the postcombustion oxidizing fire
2With gaseous state H
2O is the Poor oxygen gas of main ingredient.But the temperature of this high-temperature gas thermal barrier is different from the gaseous heat-carrier that is transported in the moisture eliminator 11.The temperature of high-temperature gas thermal barrier herein need be controlled at 380～680 ℃, thereby makes the coal seam temperature reach 350～650 ℃, and then low temperature pyrogenation reaction in taking place.In this process, though follow certain moisture to produce, thereby brown coal have been carried out dry completely, low temperature pyrogenation reaction during this is in and is carrying out when producing moisture, so the moisture that produces belongs to pyrolysis water, different with drying and dehydrating process in the moisture eliminator.
And when the coal seam temperature reached 350～650 ℃, the oxygen level of this high-temperature gas thermal barrier required, preferably to control 0.5～2% below 2～3% in volume percent, especially preferably Control for Oxygen Content is being lower than 0.5%.Thus, can guarantee the very easily high temperature drying brown coal of involuntary ignition, even under this pyrolysis atmosphere, also hazardous conditions such as spontaneous combustion and detonation can not take place.
In the pyrolytic reaction process, in order to remove moisture more up hill and dale and to carry out sufficient pyrolytic reaction, the heating rate of brown coal need be controlled at 5～100 ℃/s, the residence time of brown coal in cracker 13 controlled at 15-30min(such as 18min, 21min, 24min, 27min), the residence time of high-temperature gas thermal barrier in cracker controlled at 2-12min(such as 4min, 6min, 8min, 10min).
Wherein, can access the residence time of required brown coal (solid phase) by factors such as control coal input quantity, thickness of coal seam, coal breakage amounts; Can access the residence time of required high-temperature gas thermal barrier (gas phase) by factors such as control air input, reactor voidage, top hole pressures.And, by the control gas phase residence time and the solid phase residence time, can obtain required pyrolysis heating rate accordingly, thereby obtain target product, particularly the output of splitting gas and composition.
Below, a kind of brown coal of table 2 expression under different pyrolysis situations pyrolysis product and the weight percent of output.
Table 2
The volume percent content of the component of coal gas in the table 3 expression table 2.
Table 3
Cracker 13 is connecting two cyclonic separators 14, carries out producing a large amount of dusty gases in the process of pyrolysis in this cracker 13.Dusty gas enters two cyclonic separators 14 respectively.Two cyclonic separators 14 are all with the solid phase in the dusty gas and gas phase separation, and obtain fine coal after will solid phase reclaiming.One of them cyclonic separator 14 is sent into hotblast stove 12 burnings with isolated gas phase via pipeline, is moisture eliminator 11 and cracker 13 heat supplies.This isolated gas phase includes CO, CH
4With a spot of H
2, C
2H
2Deng gas, obtaining main ingredient behind these inflammable gas oxidizing fires is CO
2With gaseous state H
2The Poor oxygen gas of O etc., release of heat heats gaseous heat-carrier simultaneously, thereby obtains the gaseous heat-carrier of optimal temperature.
Another cyclonic separator 14 is delivered to interchanger 23 with isolated gas phase, makes it tentatively to be cooled off, thereby can obtain in the reaction utilizing described later wrapping.The gas temperature that produces in the cracker is substantially at 400～550 ℃, by this preliminary cooling, can heat exchange to 350～400 ℃, thus be used in the operation afterwards.Thus, by two cyclonic separators are set, can take full advantage of the gaseous substance that in pyrolytic reaction, produces.In preliminary cooling, can also the by-product middle pressure steam, and this middle pressure steam can be offered power plant etc. and do thermal source heat exchange or heat supply etc., thereby further improve the heat energy utilization rate.
In the present embodiment, two cyclonic separators 14 are connected with cracker 13 respectively, are relation in parallel each other, and its purpose mainly is the in addition dual utilization of gas that scission reaction is produced, improve the utilization ratio of this gas.Yet in actual applications, also can according to the gas volume that produces gas, dustiness and to gas utilize purpose etc., making both is relation in parallel or series connection, and can be with two cyclonic separators 14 as one-level, two-stage dust removal equipment.The quantity of cyclonic separator is not defined as two yet, can increase and decrease quantity according to actual needs.
Brown coal obtain semicoke after through the reaction in the cracker.Still has the hot semicoke of certain temperature under action of gravity, via being arranged on pyrolyzer and the follow-up fuel dropping pipe that wraps between the reactor, by opening the operating devices such as valve plate in the fuel dropping pipe, what be slipped to that fuel dropping pipe bottom UNICOM wraps reactor 15, thereby in wrapping reactor 15, wrap reaction.
In wrapping reactor 15, adopt gas as cold carrier hot semicoke to be cooled off step by step.Gas cold carrier in that the leading portion that wraps reactor 1 is introduced is made of the inactive gas (being mainly nitrogen) from air-seperation system 22.The gas (also can be described as splitting gas) that the part of the gas-phase product that cracker 13 produces is tentatively cooled off through interchanger 23 all feeds the leading portion that wraps reactor 15 with above-mentioned nitrogen.
Wherein, splitting gas is after cracker 13 outputs, and initial temperature is about 400～550 ℃, tentatively cools off through interchanger 23, can heat exchange to 350～400 ℃, and the recovery part heat, produce middle pressure steam.But in this process, the separation of cracked gas can not appear.
Above-mentioned air-seperation system 22 is used for air separation is become nitrogen and oxygen containing gas, and wherein, nitrogen is supplied with the leading portion that wraps reactor 15, and oxygen-containing gas is supplied with hotblast stove 12.Nitrogen wherein is room temperature substantially, feeds the leading portion that wraps reactor 15 synchronously with splitting gas, makes splitting gas be exacerbated and is cooled to 250～300 ℃, and hot semicoke is progressively cooled off.When splitting gas was exacerbated cooling, it generally was separated into gas phase (raw gas) and liquid phase (coal tar).The raw gas main component has CO, CH
4, H
2, CO
2Deng; The coal tar main body of oil has stable hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, nonhydrocarbon, bituminous matter etc.Each percentages of ingredients content is relevant with raw coal ature of coal, cracking temperature, speed etc.And wherein bituminous matter generally then can curding out at 280～350 ℃.
Wherein nitrogen makes it outside the condensing air liquid phase separation except cooling off splitting gas, also as fire-fighting gas, plays the effect of fire-fighting protection, and its with low cost, safe being easy to get.
After the above-mentioned gas cold carrier enters the leading portion that wraps reactor 15, because splitting gas is by the nitrogen condensation, so can wrap reaction with hot semicoke.Described wrap the reaction refer to, because the temperature lower (normal temperature) of the nitrogen that air-seperation system provides, so when splitting gas is condensed, the hot semicoke that wraps in the reactor 15 also obtains cooling, making heavy constituent in the splitting gas, mainly is that bituminous matter is separated out and wrapped on the hot semicoke surface of cooling progressively.
Subsequently, from the by-product gas of gas treating system 21, be introduced into the back segment that wraps reactor 15 after temperature regulation, directly contact with the semicoke that is wrapped, the temperature of this by-product gas should remain on 200～300 ℃, makes semicoke further be cooled off.
Subsequently, enter electric fishing storage 16 through the mixed gas that wraps behind the reactor, at this moment, the separating out wrapping the reactor stage as the bituminous matter of heavy constituent of about 45% volume percent in the gas, remaining then is CO, CH substantially
4, stable hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon etc., wherein CO, CH
4The wind furnace that reduces phlegm and internal heat burning, other stable hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon etc. are then separated out in electric fishing storage 16 and are liquid oils.
Electric fishing storage 16 isolated liquid oils from mixed gas is equivalent to except the lightweight coal tar after the bituminous matter.Thereafter, mainly by CO
2, N
2With gaseous state H
2The residual gas that O forms is through torch burning, and discharging after conventional process such as wet desulphurization are up to standard.
After wrapping the reaction end, open the valve that wraps reactor 15, semicoke drops on the transfer roller in action of gravity, sends into quenching deactivator 17 by the mechanical transmission band.Semicoke with directly contact from gas treating system and the by-product gas after temperature regulation, progressively cooling obtains the stable product lignite semi-coke, leaves emptying after the gaseous combustion of quenching deactivator 17.
Because this by-product gas contains moisture, processing through gas treating system, its moisture weight content at 10-20%(such as 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%), temperature at 40～70 ℃ (such as 50 ℃, 60 ℃, can or use the direct heat exchange of normal temperature nitrogen to cool off temperature so far by the cooling of external heat exchanger indirect heat exchange method), the volumn concentration of oxygen is that 5-21%(is such as 8%, 11%, 14%, 17%).Thus, can guarantee that quenching deactivator 17 works under the state of the long-pending content of the oxysome that is lower than air, guarantee carrying out smoothly of passivation reaction, and be convenient to temperature control.Thereby can make semicoke that further passivation and rehydrated reaction take place, make revert to take drugs again moisture in the atmosphere of upgrading semicoke, slowly reach the nature saturated-water phase, the moisture weight content is about about 8～16% (such as 10%, 12%, 14%) in the semicoke at this moment, thereby make semicoke be adapted at placing in the air, and can transport for long-distance, and dieseling does not take place.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, realized the lighting of coal tar original position in the reactor 15 above-mentioned wrapping, remove wherein most bituminous matter, and preliminary carried out the semicoke passivation; In quenching deactivator 17, carry out the semicoke original position and slowly cool off, comprise the surface oxidation of semicoke and rehydrated reaction, reduce the apparent chemically reactive of semicoke, improved semicoke intensity and stability.Such operation can be avoided the involuntary ignition phenomenon of concentrating passivating process to cause because of semicoke, and the emergency processing cost is low, and is simple to operate.
Thus, the low-rank coal coal-char combustion characteristic of production is better than common upgrading semicoke that process is produced, and point of ignition is low, calorific value is high, combustion stability is good, and in addition, intensity is big, the not spontaneous combustion of transporting for long-distance.And product liquid oil medium pitch matter content is extremely low, and added value is big, the product price height, and follow-up deep processing is convenient, economical.
And the weight percent of saturated hydrocarbon content is below 6% in the coal tar in the traditional technology, and the weight percent of aromatic hydrocarbon content is below 40%, and the weight percent of nonhydrocarbon is about 10%, and bitum weight percent is about 45%.And according to the utility model, the bituminous matter major part is separated out, and liquid oils medium pitch matter content can reach below 10%, so, be raw material hydrogenation preparing petrol and diesel oil with this liquid oils, cost reduces, and productive rate improves.
Claims (6)
1. a low-rank coal upgrading device is characterized in that, comprise hotblast stove, moisture eliminator, cracker, cyclonic separator, wrap reactor and quenching deactivator, wherein,
Hotblast stove provides the gaseous heat-carrier of differing temps to described moisture eliminator and described cracker;
Moisture eliminator, reception is as the low-rank coal of feed coal, with described hotblast stove pipe connection, first gaseous heat-carrier that provides by described hotblast stove carries out drying with the heating of low order coal seam, obtain dried low-rank coal and produce by-product gas, and described by-product gas is led to described reactor and the described quenching deactivator of wrapping;
Cracker, be arranged at the below of described moisture eliminator, described dried low-rank coal enters described cracker under action of gravity, second gaseous heat-carrier that provides by described hotblast stove makes coal seam after drying carry out pyrolytic reaction, obtain dusty gas and hot semicoke, described dusty gas separates fine coal and the gaseous substance that obtains solid matter after entering described cyclonic separator, the part of gaseous substance is replenished described first gaseous heat-carrier or second gaseous heat-carrier that becomes in the described hotblast stove after burning, another part of gaseous substance becomes splitting gas after preliminary cooling;
Wrap reactor, be arranged at the below of described cracker, described hot semicoke under action of gravity, enter described wrap reactor after, utilize pipeline that described gas cold carrier and described splitting gas are input to the described reactor that wraps, progressively cool off described hot semicoke and described splitting gas by the gas cold carrier, the hot semicoke surface of cooling off is progressively separated out and is wrapped in the heavy constituent in the described splitting gas, subsequently, described hot semicoke is further cooled off by described by-product gas, obtains wrapping semicoke and mixed gas; With
The quenching deactivator makes that further the cooled described described by-product gas that wraps after semicoke and the temperature regulation directly contacts, and adsorption moisture reaches the nature saturated-water phase again.
2. low-rank coal upgrading device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Also comprise the gas treating system that is connected with described moisture eliminator, described by-product gas leads to described reactor and the described quenching deactivator of wrapping after handling through described gas treating system.
3. low-rank coal upgrading device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Comprise also being connected described cyclonic separator and the described interchanger that wraps between the reactor that described another part of described gaseous substance becomes splitting gas through after the preliminary cooling of described interchanger.
4. low-rank coal upgrading device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Also comprise with described wrapping the electric fishing storage that reactor links to each other, described mixed gas is isolated liquid oils through described electric fishing storage.
5. low-rank coal upgrading device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Also comprise with described wrapping the air-seperation system that reactor links to each other, from air, isolate the nitrogen as described gas cold carrier.
6. low-rank coal upgrading device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The described reactor that wraps is divided into leading portion and back segment, and described gas cold carrier and described splitting gas feed described leading portion, and described by-product gas feeds described back segment.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106833785A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of deliming of low-order coal, dry combined technique and system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106833785A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of deliming of low-order coal, dry combined technique and system |
| CN106833785B (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2019-11-05 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of deliming of low-order coal, dry combined technique and system |
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