CN203083561U - Simple and precise leveling angular instrument - Google Patents
Simple and precise leveling angular instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN203083561U CN203083561U CN 201320010058 CN201320010058U CN203083561U CN 203083561 U CN203083561 U CN 203083561U CN 201320010058 CN201320010058 CN 201320010058 CN 201320010058 U CN201320010058 U CN 201320010058U CN 203083561 U CN203083561 U CN 203083561U
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- scale
- vernier
- angular instrument
- pointer
- vernier scale
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a simple and precise leveling angular instrument, belonging to the technical field of protractors. The leveling angular instrument comprises a main ruler, wherein arced scales which are opened upwards are formed on the edge of the main ruler; a rotating shaft is arranged on the centre point of the main ruler; a vernier scale facing downwards is arranged in match on the rotating shaft; the vernier scale comprises a left vernier and a right vernier; a pointer is arranged in match on the outer side of the vernier scale; and the upper end of the pointer is connected with the rotating shaft. The simple and precise leveling angular instrument cancels a counter weight but is manufactured by utilizing the principle that the gravity generated by the vernier scale, the pointer and a vernier scale fixing rack faces downwards forever. Compared with the conventional angular instrument, the angular instrument has the following advantages that firstly, the angular instrument is convenient to carry over, and as no circuit devices are installed in the angular instrument, the cost is low, and the market prospect is wide; secondly, the angular instrument is simple and convenient to use, clear in principle and high in precision, namely, the precision can be 1', when being used as a leveling and angle measurement device in school laboratories; and thirdly, as the counter weight is cancelled, the weight of a product and the production cost are lowered.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the protractor technical field, is specifically related to simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument.
Background technology
Protractor is the most common a kind of instrument that takes measurement of an angle, only limit to the measurement to the plane upper angle, what university students and middle school students's learning mathematics was used is the most general angle measuring instrument, owing to do not have vernier scale as auxiliary pin-point reading device, radius is little in addition, so precision is not high, error is big.It is of a great variety really that used angle measurement (gradient) instrument such as especially school's experiment is detected in existing scientific research, engineering construction, field, concludes nothing more than two classes: electronic type and mechanical type.Along with the special requirement of economic construction and scientific research etc., their measuring accuracy does not also reach actual needs; Such as, mechanical what adopt is that pointer links to each other with bubble, when concrete the measurement, the bottom surface is placed on the angle hypotenuse, and by the bubble position that manually links to each other with pointer, it is placed in the middle to make it bubble, at this moment, the pointer indication reading that links to each other with bubble is bevel angle (gradient), but, the gauger is when rotating the bubble position that links to each other with pointer, owing to when the observation bubble occupy standard lines central authorities, have error in judgement, this type instrument does not generally have vernier scale in addition, and precision can be very not high; Another kind of type is the electronic gradient measurer device, and its drawback is: one, though the direct reading of energy, but precision neither be very high, class of accuracy generally 12 ', resolution generally 6 ', they are two years old, owing to use powered battery, inconvenience is used in open-air detections, engineering construction etc., its interior detection of electrons, disposal system in addition, thereby cost height, even if liquid crystal display, its precision are also and not really high; And, use some such instruments in the universities an middle schools laboratory, not only regulate inconvenience, principle is also clear inadequately, and precision is not high.
In order to overcome the shortcoming of angle measurement in the prior art (gradient) instrument, the applicant applies for the utility model patent of " accurately leveling angular instrument " on April 23rd, 2012, the patent No. of this patent is ZL 2,012 2 0173234.2, though the leveling angular instrument principle of putting down in writing in this patent is clear, simple in structure, precision has also reached re-set target, but, owing to adopted fan-shaped balance bob, not only cost height, body weight, and the instrument volume is also relatively large.
The utility model content
At the problem that prior art exists, the purpose of this utility model be to design provide a kind of easy to carry, precision is high, the technical scheme of the simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument of low cost.
Described simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument, it is characterized in that comprising main scale, described main scale edge is provided with the curved scale that opening makes progress, the curved scale that described main scale edge mark has opening to make progress, on the described main scale centre point rotation axis is set, is equipped with downward vernier scale on the described rotation axis, described vernier scale comprises left vernier and right vernier, the described vernier scale outside is equipped with pointer, and described pointer upper end is connected with rotation axis.
Described simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument is characterized in that described vernier scale is fixedly installed on the rotation axis by the vernier scale fixed mount that is provided with.
Described simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument is characterized in that described main scale bottom fixedly installs base, and described base end face is a horizontal structure.
Described simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument is characterized in that described rotation axis is fixedly installed on the main scale by the rotation axis fixed mount that is provided with.
Described simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument is characterized in that fixedly installing handle on described main scale or the base.
Described simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument is characterized in that described curved scale angular dimension is-105 °～105 °, minimum scale is 30 '.
Described simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument, it is characterized in that described vernier scale surface angular dimension be-30 '～30 ', minimum scale is 1 '.
Described simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument is characterized in that described vernier scale is a sector structure.
Above-mentioned simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument has been cancelled weight, utilizes the eternal downward principle of vernier scale, pointer and vernier scale gravity that fixed mount produces to be made.Comparing it with existing protractor has the following advantages: 1) easy to carry, circuit arrangement is not installed in inside, energy-saving and emission-reduction, and cost is low, and market outlook are wide; When 2) being applied to the school laboratory as leveling, angle measurement degree (gradient) device, easy to use, principle is clear, and precision is very high, and precision can reach 1 '; 3) cancel weight, reduced the weight and the production cost of product.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation between rotation axis and the rotation axis fixed mount in the utility model;
Fig. 3 is that the pointer perseverance is the information drawing of vertical direction in the utility model;
Fig. 4 is a precision schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is the utility model angle measuring principle figure;
Concrete number reading method synoptic diagram when Fig. 6 implements to measure to a certain bevel angle (gradient) for adopting device of the present utility model.
Among the figure: the 1-pointer; 2-left side vernier; The right vernier of 3-; 4-vernier scale fixed mount; The 5-rotation axis; The 6-main scale; The 601-curved scale; The 7-handgrip; The 8-base; 9-rotation axis fixed mount; C-pointer barycenter.
Embodiment
Further specify the utility model below in conjunction with Figure of description.
One, the structure of simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument comprises main scale 6, the curved scale 601 that main scale 6 edges mark has opening to make progress.Curved scale 601 angular dimensions are-105 °～105 °, accurate measurement range-90 °～90 °, and the surface is separated into 420 lattice, and minimum scale is 30 ', main scale 6 outer diameters are preferably 200mm.
Fixedly install rotation axis 5 by the rotation axis fixed mount 9 that is provided with on the centre point of main scale 6.Rotation axis 5 lower ends fixedly install downward vernier scale fixed mount 4, and vernier scale fixed mount 4 lower ends are provided with the vernier scale of sector structure, and vernier scale is made up of the left vernier 2 and the right vernier 3 of symmetry.The angular range of vernier scale surface mark is-30 '～30 ', be separated into 30 lattice, minimum scale is 1 ', vernier scale outer radius is preferably 180mm.The arranged outside pointer 1 of vernier scale, pointer 1 upper end is fixedly installed on the rotation axis 5.
As preferred structure, the bottom of main scale 6 fixedly installs base 8, and base 8 bottoms are horizontal structure, to improve the stability of this device.
As preferred structure, the sidepiece of main scale 6 or base 8 fixedly installs handgrip 7, grasping when being convenient to the carrying or measure of this device.
As preferred structure, base 8 selects the heavier material of proportion to make, and vernier scale fixed mount 4 adopts relative heavier metal to make, and vertically points to the stability of lower end and improves its sensitivity to improve pointer, and the clear glass encapsulation can be adopted in this device front.
Two, regulate the angle measurement basis
The utility model adopts gravity (promptly vertical) principle for straight down forever, as shown in Figure 3.
When design vernier scale fixed mount 4 and vernier scale, its overall quality is heavier and bearing rotation that fixed is very flexible, thereby can keep the vertical directed downwards of pointer forever, realizes that pointer directly shows reading.
If rotation axis 5 arrives pointer 1 most advanced and sophisticated barycenter C, its quality and is m, when making this instrument, rotation axis 5 adopts little, the highly sensitive miniature wheel shaft of resistances, and must be strict satisfied
, wheel shaft, barycenter C and pointer tip are all straight down at this moment.
Just theoretically, as long as it is little, highly sensitive that miniature wheel shaft 5 satisfies resistance, and rotation axis 5 is relatively large to pointer 1 most advanced and sophisticated gravity, the target of (gradient) just can realize taking measurement of an angle, and when actual design and this instrument of making, especially will note material selection and structural design, vernier scale can select relative heavier alloy comparatively suitable with vernier scale fixed mount 4 materials.Rotating shaft place intends adopting miniature wheel shaft technology, to help reducing the rotating shaft resistance, to improve instrumental sensitivity.
Three, accurate measuring principle
(1) adopt main scale 6 and vernier scale multiple measurement: main scale 6(outer shroud as shown in Figure 1) radian between each 15 ° of the outer equates with AB arc length shown in Figure 4, i.e. the left R of radius
2With right R
2Angle between the direction, employing length line is alternate to be divided into 30 lattice with it, and every lattice are represented 0.5 °; Vernier scale (interior ring) A ' B ', this arc respective radius left side R
1With right R
1Angle between the direction, with main scale 6(outer shroud) 29 lattice (promptly 14.5 °) arc length equate, but, represented number of degrees difference, A ' B ' arc is divided into 30 lattice (30 '), corresponding with 0.5 ° (30 ') on the main scale, 0.5 ° of (30 ') mean allocation that is about on the main scale has arrived on vernier scale A ' B ' arc length, promptly the every lattice on the vernier scale represent 1 '.
Arc length on main scale 6 outers is represented with 210 °, is divided into 210 parts with long line, 1 ° every part, then with short-term with each adjacent long line dimidiation, so again 210 ° of arc length are divided into 420 parts, every part be 30 ', the length line is alternate, and adjacent long line or short-term differ 1 °.
Arc length A ' the B ' of a left side vernier 2 and right vernier 3 is identical with the length of 29 lattice (promptly 14.5 °) arc length on the main scale 6 respectively, but the connotation difference of representative, left vernier 2 and right vernier 3 arc length all are divided into 30 lattice, every lattice 1 '.
(2) adopted double vernier to improve the measuring method of precision, when pointing to 0 °～90 °, measures on pointer 1, adopt right vernier 3 pin-point readings, when pointing to 0 °～-90 °, measures on pointer 1, adopt left vernier 2 pin-point readings, double vernier angle measurement scope is 0～± 30 ', its precision all can reach 1 '.
(3) the main and auxiliary chi angle measurement of disymmetry (gradient) scope is 0～± 90 °.
Four, simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument principle of work
(1) when adopting accurate leveling angular instrument to regulate level, place it in and transferred on the table top, make it pointer 1 and point on 0 ° of scale mark of main scale 6 by regulating platform to be measured, at this moment, wait to transfer table top with regard to level, its degree of regulation can reach 1 '.
(2) if will take measurement of an angle (gradient), as long as accurate leveling angular instrument is placed on angle bevel direction to be measured, at this moment, the position of pointer 1 indication is exactly this bevel angle (or gradient).During reading, read main scale 6 earlier, surpassing main scale 6 a certain scale redundances reads from vernier scale, if pointer reads left vernier 2 when the left end of 0 ° of scale mark of main scale 6, when 0 ° of scale mark right-hand member, read right vernier 3, read vernier scale and be with a certain scale mark in the vernier scale and main scale 6 a certain scale marks at straight line as the reading standard, and get corresponding lattice number, be what divide, then with main scale 6 on the number of degrees sum of reading exactly, be the number of degrees of tested angle (gradient).
(3) the geometry counting principle of leveling angular instrument: as shown in Figure 5,
Both sides respectively with
Both sides respectively corresponding vertical, therefore, these two angles equate, promptly
, because angle both sides are perpendicular to the both sides at another angle, then these two jiaos of correspondent equals.
(4) concrete number reading method: with shown in Figure 5, main scale is from 35 °～50 ° and 3 amplifications of right vernier in the angle measurement state, as shown in Figure 6, the every little lattice 30 of master ', pay dish 30 lattice altogether, can obviously find out, its resolution is 1 ', from " 0 " of angular vernier to getting off, greater than 30 ' value read from master, less than 30 ' value read from paying dish, pay dish go up reading be according on the vernier scale with the main scale pairing scale of that line point-blank.By Fig. 6 from main scale read 30 °, from pay dish read 8 '.Real angle is the reading sum of two dishes, promptly 30 ° 08 '.
Shown in the above and the figure only is preferred implementation of the present utility model.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle, can also make some modification and improvement, these also should be considered as belonging to protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument, it is characterized in that comprising main scale (6), described main scale (6) edge is provided with the curved scale (601) that opening makes progress, on described main scale (6) centre point rotation axis (5) is set, described rotation axis is equipped with downward vernier scale on (5), described vernier scale comprises left vernier (2) and right vernier (3), and the described vernier scale outside is equipped with pointer (1), and described pointer (1) upper end is connected with rotation axis (5).
2. simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described vernier scale is fixedly installed on the rotation axis (5) by the vernier scale fixed mount (4) that is provided with.
3. simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described main scale (6) bottom fixedly installs base (8), and described base (8) bottom surface is a horizontal structure.
4. simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described rotation axis (5) is fixedly installed on the main scale (6) by the rotation axis fixed mount (9) that is provided with.
5. simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that fixedly installing handle (7) on described main scale (6) or the base (8).
6. simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described curved scale (601) angular dimension is-105 °～105 °, minimum scale is 30 '.
7. simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described vernier scale surface angular dimension be-30 '～30 ', minimum scale is 1 '.
8. simple and easy accurate leveling angular instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described vernier scale is a sector structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320010058 CN203083561U (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Simple and precise leveling angular instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320010058 CN203083561U (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Simple and precise leveling angular instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN203083561U true CN203083561U (en) | 2013-07-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 201320010058 Expired - Fee Related CN203083561U (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Simple and precise leveling angular instrument |
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| CN (1) | CN203083561U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105632296A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-06-01 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Omnidirectional adjustable simple magnetic levitation mechanics experimental instrument |
-
2013
- 2013-01-09 CN CN 201320010058 patent/CN203083561U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105632296A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-06-01 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Omnidirectional adjustable simple magnetic levitation mechanics experimental instrument |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130724 Termination date: 20140109 |