CN203083359U - Natural gas heat accumulating type cupola - Google Patents

Natural gas heat accumulating type cupola Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203083359U
CN203083359U CN2013200475849U CN201320047584U CN203083359U CN 203083359 U CN203083359 U CN 203083359U CN 2013200475849 U CN2013200475849 U CN 2013200475849U CN 201320047584 U CN201320047584 U CN 201320047584U CN 203083359 U CN203083359 U CN 203083359U
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China
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furnace
natural gas
air
communicated
burner
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2013200475849U
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Chinese (zh)
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孙秉功
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LIANG XINGYONG
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LIANG XINGYONG
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/143Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of cast iron melting, in particular to a natural gas heat accumulating type cupola. The natural gas heat accumulating type cupola solves the problems that an existing cupola can not get high-temperature and high-quality iron water and each element in the iron water is seriously oxidized, burnt and lost. The natural gas heat accumulating type cupola comprises a front furnace and a rear furnace, wherein the front furnace comprises a burning chamber, a melting pool and a gap bridge. Slag discharging ports are respectively formed in two sides of the melting pool, a shallow melting cool is formed in the bridge surface of the gap bridge, slag discharging channels are formed in two sides of the gap bridge, and the burning chamber is respectively connected with a natural gas conveying pipeline and an air supplying pipeline which are communicated with the burning chamber. The rear furnace comprises a furnace body, a feeding port and an exhaust gas discharging port. An air single preheating heat accumulating type burner is installed on the top of the front furnace, and an exhaust gas outlet and an air inlet of the burner are communicated with the air supplying pipeline. A fuel gas inlet is connected with the natural gas conveying pipeline. The middle of a furnace body is of pulverized coal secondary air and a combustion-supporting secondary air structures, and a pipe type heat exchanging device is installed above the feeding port. The natural gas heat accumulating type cupola has the advantages of being compact and reasonable in structure, stable in a condition of furnace operation, remarkable in energy-saving effect, low in burn-out rate of elements, capable of greatly reducing discharging amount of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide, and wide in application range.

Description

Natural gas heat accumulating type cupola furnace
Technical field
The utility model relates to the Castiron Melting field, is specially a kind of natural gas heat accumulating type cupola furnace.
Background technology
The most frequently used equipment of Castiron Melting is to be the furnace cupola of fuel with the coke.Along with the development of producing, the demand contradictory of coke is outstanding day by day, and people begin to seek according to fuel source situation separately the equipment of burnt melting cast iron of generation.
Known, natural gas is not only the very high energy of calorific value, and the amount of SOx, the NOx of burning back discharging, CO is minimum, also has simultaneously to be easy to realize automatic control, advantage such as easy to operate, therefore is considered to a kind of green, environmental protection, clean energy resource.Therefore utilize natural gas to do fuel, melting cast iron is also paid close attention to by people.China once designed and used coal dust cupola furnace, heavy oil cupola furnace, the equivalent burnt smelting equipment in natural gas cupola furnace after the seventies in 20th century, also its Principle of Melting, production technology are carried out the experimental study than system, also obtained some knowhows and theoretical result simultaneously.But for various reasons, so far the natural gas cupola furnace there are not complete theory and approved product as yet, great key issues such as the control of particularly overheated to the burning rationally of cupola furnace tissue, molten iron, chemical analysis, the oxidization burning loss of element and reasonable structural design do not see that ripe report is arranged, and do not see that the natural gas cupola furnace of the typing that technology maturation is arranged is used in actual production yet.The inventor passes through the long-time experimental study in natural gas cupola furnace, particularly to the thermal technology principle and the metallurgy principle in combustion of natural gas characteristic, cupola furnace, and how overheated molten iron is, the reinforcement of heat exchange, problem such as various element oxidizing fire has been carried out deep discussion in the molten iron, thinks manufacturing and designing natural gas is that the cupola furnace of fuel wherein it is essential how to obtain high temperature, high-quality molten iron; How to control and reduce the oxidization burning loss of each element in the molten iron; How to reduce fire emissions such as CO2, SO2, NOX.Therefore press for and develop a kind of cupola furnace that can effectively solve above-mentioned problems.
Summary of the invention
There is problems such as can't obtaining in high temperature, high-quality molten iron, the molten iron the serious and fire emission contaminated environment of each element oxidization burning loss in the utility model in order to solve existing cupola furnace, and a kind of natural gas heat accumulating type cupola furnace is provided.
The utility model is to adopt following technical scheme to realize: natural gas heat accumulating type cupola furnace, comprise forehearth and back stove, be communicated with by burner between forehearth and the back stove, forehearth comprises the combustion chamber, is opened in the molten bath and the gap bridge between molten bath and burner of bottom, combustion chamber, the both sides, molten bath are respectively equipped with slag-drip opening, offer the shallow pool on the gap bridge bridge floor, place, arch angle, gap bridge both sides is provided with trough respectively, trough is communicated with the slag-drip opening of both sides, forehearth molten bath, and the combustion chamber is connected with natural-gas transfer pipeline and the air supply duct that communicates with it respectively; Back stove comprises body of heater, upper of furnace body is provided with charge door, the body of heater top is provided with the fume emission mouth, bottom of furnace body is provided with the convex furnace bottom, form annular quirk between convex furnace bottom and the inboard wall of furnace body, annular quirk is communicated with burner, and innovative point of the present utility model is that the forehearth top is equipped with an air single-preheating heat-accumulating burner unit combination at least, exhanst gas outlet, the air intlet of burner are communicated with air supply duct respectively, and the fuel gas inlet of burner is communicated with natural-gas transfer pipeline.Described air single-preheating heat-accumulating burner unit combination is existing known products, and its structure and operation principle are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, and its quantity can be determined according to body of heater size and actual needs.
On the furnace body of described back and above being positioned at charge door pipe heat exchanger is installed, the hot-air mouth of pipe heat exchanger both sides respectively through combustion-supporting secondary air channel I with after the fusion zone of furnace body be communicated with, one of them hot-air mouth is communicated with air supply duct through combustion-supporting secondary air channel II.Pipe heat exchanger utilizes the waste heat of furnace gas that combustion air is preheating to 100~150 ℃, the combustion-supporting secondary air channel II of leading up to is used for the air single-preheating heat-accumulating burner, combustion-supporting secondary wind is sent into by combustion-supporting secondary air channel I in another road above the body of heater fusion zone, can reduce the chemical heat loss that furnace gas is taken away, improve the thermal efficiency of stove, fuel saving, the heat exchange in strengthening preheating district.
Described annular quirk sidewall is provided with an end and annular quirk connects, the air delivery pipe that the other end is communicated with combustion-supporting secondary air channel I, air delivery pipe is provided with the coal dust storage hopper that is communicated with it, the auger conveyor that is driven by actuating unit is installed in the coal dust storage hopper, coal dust storage hopper top one side is provided with the pressure-equalizing pipe that is connected with air delivery pipe, adopt this structural design, it is the important means of strengthening the fusion zone heat exchange, the combustion air and the coal dust that exactly pipe heat exchanger are preheated to 100~150 ℃ are sent into the burner position in the lump, improved furnace gas temperature, increased the furnace gas expansion, quickened air velocity, strengthened convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, saved fuel, the thermal efficiency and melting rate have been improved, improved furnace gas atmosphere simultaneously and can be reduction or weak oxide, melting loss of elements greatly reduces.
Described annular quirk is provided with injector and ring pipe with the air delivery pipe place of connection, makes the coal dust that enters annular quirk evenly be sprayed in the quirk with certain area, and efficiency of combustion is higher.
The fume emission mouth at furnace body top, described back is connected with bag-type dust collector, and described bag-type dust collector is used to handle the discharging of flue dust for existing known configurations, with littler dust purification, meets the requirement of national relevant industrial stove pollutant emission standard.
Offer the branch grit chamber of hydrocone type before the described burner, the main removal from annular quirk flows to the slag of passing a bridge, be the deslagging first time, the molten iron that flows out via hydrocone type branch grit chamber entered pars basilaris pontis subsequently, the big about 50mm of the degree of depth of area, the shallow pool of gradient 1:40 is the deslagging second time, and build trough and slag-drip opening with crossing place, bridge arch angle in the both sides, shallow pool, slag that hydrocone type deslagging chamber is discharged and the slag that covers the gap bridge shallow pool discharge out of the furnace by trough.Increase furnace gas and furnace wall thus the molten metal radiation and convection has been conducted heat, also increased the heating surface area of metal bath surface simultaneously.
The staggered curve barricade that is provided with in described gap bridge bridge floor both sides can suitably increase the time of metal liquid stream through passing a bridge under the short situation of passing a bridge, conduct heat with reinforcement metal liquid radiation and convection.
The present invention is according to the analysis to natural gas heat accumulating type cupola furnace thermal technology and metallurgy principle, how the applicant obtains high temperature, high-quality molten iron and how to control and reduce on the oxidization burning loss key issue of element in the molten iron and taked following concrete implementing measure: mainly be to use the brand-new combustion technology of accumulation of heat typed high temperature air low oxygen combustion (High Temperature Air Combustion is called for short the HTAC technology), on preceding furnace body, increased natural gas air single-preheating heat-accumulating burner unit combination combustion system, with forehearth, the combustion chamber, pass a bridge, structures such as back stove are combined into natural gas heat accumulating type cupola furnace cleverly, both realized energy-efficient, obtain high temperature liquid iron, reduce the element oxidization burning loss, also significantly reduced CO simultaneously, CO 2With the discharging of other greenhouse gases, because the burning situation of high-temperature low-oxygen, and the blending effect of smoke backflow, N suppressed XGeneration, can make N XDischarge capacity significantly reduces (can drop to 100mg/m 3Below), hot environment also suppresses the generation of bioxin, because discharging waste gas is cooled off rapidly, effectively stops the synthetic again of bioxin, Gu the discharging of bioxin also significantly reduces; Taked following measure from strengthening band heat exchange aspect, three districts simultaneously, the one, set up pipe heat exchanger, strengthening the preheating zone heat exchange utilizes the waste heat of furnace gas that combustion air is preheating to 100~150 ℃, one the tunnel for the regenerative combustion system use, and another road is sent into above the body of heater fusion zone by combustion-supporting secondary air channel I; The 2nd, in the fusion zone, because furnace gas gives the metal charge heat based on convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, be subjected to the cause influences such as lumpiness of height, chemical analysis, furnace charge of melting point metal very big in the metal charge fusion process, therefore the heat exchange that improves the fusion zone at first should be to reduce to expect the piece size, increases the furnace charge heat transfer area to quicken the fusing process; The 3rd, increase the coal powder second air-supply structure, improve furnace gas temperature, increased the furnace gas expansion, quickened air velocity, strengthened convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, saved fuel, improved the thermal efficiency and melting rate, improved furnace gas atmosphere simultaneously and can be reduction or weak oxide, melting loss of elements greatly reduces; In addition, the utility model is designed to down the pot type with natural gas heat accumulating type cupola furnace bottom construction, and form annular quirk in stove furnace wall, back, between gap bridge and burner, built hydrocone type deslagging chamber, removal flows to the slag of passing a bridge from annular quirk, as the deslagging first time, the molten iron that flows out via hydrocone type deslagging chamber entered pars basilaris pontis subsequently, the big about 50mm of the degree of depth of area, the shallow pool of gradient 1:40, and at both sides, shallow pool and mistake bridge arch angle place's build trough and slag-drip opening, hydrocone type deslagging chamber slag of discharging and the slag that covers the gap bridge shallow pool are discharged out of the furnace by trough, increase furnace gas and furnace wall thus the molten metal radiation and convection has been conducted heat, also increased the heating surface area of metal bath surface simultaneously.
In a word, in order to realize reducing the oxidization burning loss with control element, the inventor adopts high temperature air, after low oxygen combustion technology and coal powder second wind are controlled the atmosphere (being reduction or weak oxide) of furnace gas and are adopted the measures such as oxide in the slag technology removing slag in twice minute, significantly reduced C, Si, the oxidization burning loss of Mn, the utility model compact conformation is reasonable, advanced technology, the working of a furnace is stable, can satisfy the requirement of the various ironcastings of casting, with to use coke to compare energy-saving effect as the furnace cupola of fuel remarkable, the melting loss of elements rate is low, discharges more than the CO230% less to atmospheric environment.NOx, SO2 also significantly reduce, and are applicable to the middle-size and small-size foundry enterprise of natural gas resource, and particularly melting low-carbon and low-sulphur high-duty iron spare is more superior.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of air single-preheating heat-accumulating burner unit combination;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of air single-preheating heat-accumulating burner unit combination;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is a coal powder second wind structural representation;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of gap bridge and forehearth, back stove;
Among the figure: the 1-forehearth; Stove behind the 2-; The 3-burner; The 4-combustion chamber; The 5-molten bath; 6-passes a bridge; The 7-slag-drip opening; The 8-shallow pool; The 9-trough; The 10-natural-gas transfer pipeline; The 11-air supply duct; The 12-body of heater; The 13-charge door; 14-fume emission mouth; 15-convex furnace bottom; 16-annular quirk; 17-air single-preheating heat-accumulating burner unit combination; The 18-exhanst gas outlet; The 19-air intlet; The 20-fuel gas inlet; The 21-pipe heat exchanger; The combustion-supporting secondary air channel I of 22-; The combustion-supporting secondary air channel II of 23-; The 24-air delivery pipe; 25-coal dust storage hopper; The 26-auger conveyor; The 27-pressure-equalizing pipe; The 28-injector; The 29-ring pipe; The 30-bag-type dust collector; 31-curve barricade; 32-divides the grit chamber; The 33-regenerator; The 34-four-way change-over valve; The 35-air blast; The 36-air-introduced machine; The 37-heat storage; 38-burner shower nozzle; The 39-by-pass valve control.
The specific embodiment
Natural gas heat accumulating type cupola furnace, as shown in Figure 1, comprise forehearth 1 and back stove 2, be communicated with by burner 3 between forehearth and the back stove, forehearth comprises combustion chamber 4, is opened in the molten bath 5 and the gap bridge between molten bath and burner 6 of bottom, combustion chamber, the both sides, molten bath are respectively equipped with slag-drip opening 7, offer shallow pool 8 on the gap bridge bridge floor, place, arch angle, gap bridge both sides is provided with trough 9 respectively, trough is communicated with the slag-drip opening of both sides, forehearth molten bath, and the combustion chamber is connected with natural-gas transfer pipeline 10 and the air supply duct 11 that communicates with it respectively; Back stove comprises body of heater 12, and upper of furnace body is provided with charge door 13, and the body of heater top is provided with fume emission mouth 14, and the fume emission mouth 14 at back furnace body 12 tops is connected with bag-type dust collector 30; Bottom of furnace body is provided with convex furnace bottom 15, form annular quirk 16 between convex furnace bottom and the inboard wall of furnace body, the annular quirk is communicated with burner, shown in Fig. 2,3,4, forehearth 1 top is equipped with an air single-preheating heat-accumulating burner unit combination 17 at least, exhanst gas outlet 18, the air intlet 19 of burner are communicated with air supply duct respectively, and the fuel gas inlet 20 of burner is communicated with natural-gas transfer pipeline.As shown in Figure 2, this air single-preheating heat-accumulating burner is connected to form by the identical regenerator of two groups of structures 33, four-way change-over valve 34 and air blast 35, air-introduced machine 36 usefulness pipelines, be distributed with heat storage 37 in the regenerator, when burner A works, high-temp waste gas behind the heated parts is discharged through burner B, rapidly heat is passed to heat storage with radiation and convection type, temperature is reduced to below 200 ℃ after the flue gas heat release, discharges through cross valve.Through certain hour, the four-way change-over valve commutation, make the combustion air heat storage B that flows through, heat storage is being passed to air rapidly with heat, air is preheated to more than 800 ℃, and B finishes combustion process by burner, and burner A and heat storage A are converted to smoke evacuation and regenerative apparatus simultaneously, by alternate run mode and so forth, can realize that the flue gas limit reclaims and the preheating of combustion air.Heat storage in the air single-preheating heat-accumulating burner unit combination adopts is honeycomb ceramics compact conformation, that compression strength height, high alumina refractories high temperature resistant, that impact property is good are made, and novel honeycomb heat accumulation body can make delivery temperature and the temperature difference that is preheated between the air themperature drops to 50~150 ℃.
As shown in Figure 1, on the back furnace body 12 and be positioned at charge door 13 tops pipe heat exchanger 21 is installed, the hot-air mouth of pipe heat exchanger both sides respectively through combustion-supporting secondary air channel I 22 with after the fusion zone of furnace body be communicated with, one of them hot-air mouth is communicated with air supply duct through combustion-supporting secondary air channel II 23.The position of combustion-supporting secondary wind is chosen in the position of 700~800 ℃ of furnace gas temperatures, can establish two exhaust outlets, and array pitch 100~120mm, every row are provided with 4~8 air ports, tuyere diameter 10~15mm, and air quantity and blast should not be too big, determine when adjusting.
As shown in Figure 5, annular quirk 16 sidewalls are provided with the air delivery pipe 24 that an end and annular quirk perforation, the other end are communicated with combustion-supporting secondary air channel I 22, the wind regime of this system is from the preheated air of 100 ℃~150 ℃ on steel pipe heat exchanger, air delivery pipe is provided with the coal dust storage hopper 25 that is communicated with it, the below is provided with by-pass valve control 39, the auger conveyor 26 that is driven by actuating unit is installed in the coal dust storage hopper, and coal dust storage hopper top one side is provided with the pressure-equalizing pipe 27 that is connected with air delivery pipe.Annular quirk 16 is provided with injector 28 and ring pipe 29 with air delivery pipe 24 places of connection.Combustion air and coal dust that pipe heat exchanger is preheated to 100~150 ℃ are sent into the position that burner position 1/2 H encircles in the lump, tuyere diameter is got 32~40mm, but 5 ° of air port non-angular or updips, the wind regime of wind regime and combustion system is shared, coal dust should be dry, and moisture is lower than 1%, granularity 100~150 orders, it is high that fixed carbon content is wanted, and contains S and ash is little.The coal dust quantity delivered is controlled at 8~10kg/t molten iron, air output 10~11m/kg coal dust, owing to contain a certain amount of oxygen in the coal dust, H is state of atom in the high temperature of 1450 ℃ of annular quirks, removing itself can burn also can promote the burning of CO, and reaction equation is: CH4+O2==CO2+2H2O CO2+C==2CO.
As shown in Figure 6, offer the branch grit chamber 32 of hydrocone type before the burner, the staggered curve barricade 31 that is provided with in the 6 bridge floor both sides of passing a bridge.At first get rid of the slag from back stove, offer a shallow pool that surface area is bigger at the mistake pars basilaris pontis simultaneously, the place, arch angle of gap bridge both sides builds trough respectively by laying bricks or stones, and trough links to each other with the slag-drip opening of gap bridge both sides, thereby forms the residue separating machine structure twice.
This cupola furnace is to make the series of products that melting rate is 2t~10t/h, and the concrete structure of forehearth can be designed to horizontal or vertical structure as the case may be.

Claims (7)

1. natural gas heat accumulating type cupola furnace, comprise forehearth (1) and back stove (2), be communicated with by burner (3) between forehearth and the back stove, forehearth comprises combustion chamber (4), be opened in the molten bath (5) and the gap bridge between molten bath and burner (6) of bottom, combustion chamber, the both sides, molten bath are respectively equipped with slag-drip opening (7), offer shallow pool (8) on the gap bridge bridge floor, place, arch angle, gap bridge both sides is provided with trough (9) respectively, trough is communicated with the slag-drip opening of both sides, forehearth molten bath, and the combustion chamber is connected with natural-gas transfer pipeline (10) and the air supply duct (11) that communicates with it respectively; Back stove comprises body of heater (12), upper of furnace body is provided with charge door (13), the body of heater top is provided with fume emission mouth (14), bottom of furnace body is provided with convex furnace bottom (15), form annular quirk (16) between convex furnace bottom and the inboard wall of furnace body, the annular quirk is communicated with burner, it is characterized in that forehearth (1) top is equipped with an air single-preheating heat-accumulating burner unit combination (17) at least, the exhanst gas outlet of burner (18), air intlet (19) are communicated with air supply duct respectively, and the fuel gas inlet of burner (20) is communicated with natural-gas transfer pipeline.
2. natural gas heat accumulating type according to claim 1 cupola furnace, it is characterized in that back furnace body (12) upward and above being positioned at charge door (13) is equipped with pipe heat exchanger (21), the hot-air mouth of pipe heat exchanger both sides respectively through combustion-supporting secondary air channel I (22) with after the fusion zone of furnace body be communicated with, one of them hot-air mouth is communicated with air supply duct through combustion-supporting secondary air channel II (23).
3. natural gas heat accumulating type according to claim 1 and 2 cupola furnace, it is characterized in that annular quirk (16) sidewall is provided with the air delivery pipe (24) that an end and annular quirk perforation, the other end are communicated with combustion-supporting secondary air channel I (22), air delivery pipe is provided with the coal dust storage hopper (25) that is communicated with it, the auger conveyor (26) that is driven by actuating unit is installed in the coal dust storage hopper, and coal dust storage hopper top one side is provided with the pressure-equalizing pipe (27) that is connected with air delivery pipe.
4. natural gas heat accumulating type according to claim 3 cupola furnace is characterized in that annular quirk (16) is provided with injector (28) and ring pipe (29) with air delivery pipe (24) place of connection.
5. natural gas heat accumulating type according to claim 1 and 2 cupola furnace is characterized in that the fume emission mouth (14) at furnace body (12) top, back is connected with bag-type dust collector (30).
6. natural gas heat accumulating type according to claim 1 and 2 cupola furnace is characterized in that offering before the burner branch grit chamber (32) of hydrocone type.
7. natural gas heat accumulating type according to claim 1 and 2 cupola furnace, the staggered curve barricade (31) that is provided with in (6) the bridge floor both sides that it is characterized in that passing a bridge.
CN2013200475849U 2013-01-29 2013-01-29 Natural gas heat accumulating type cupola Expired - Fee Related CN203083359U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104482764A (en) * 2014-12-10 2015-04-01 向方贵 Combined protection smelting furnace and smelting method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104482764A (en) * 2014-12-10 2015-04-01 向方贵 Combined protection smelting furnace and smelting method

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