CN203069205U - Transparent screw charging test apparatus - Google Patents
Transparent screw charging test apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN203069205U CN203069205U CN 201220606742 CN201220606742U CN203069205U CN 203069205 U CN203069205 U CN 203069205U CN 201220606742 CN201220606742 CN 201220606742 CN 201220606742 U CN201220606742 U CN 201220606742U CN 203069205 U CN203069205 U CN 203069205U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a transparent screw charging test apparatus, which belongs to the technical field of powder material quantification. A screw transmission shaft is supported by a left end cap and a sleeve b. A feed port is formed above a conveying pipe at the rear end of the screw shaft. A discharge port is formed below the conveying pipe at the front end of the screw transmission shaft; the conveying pipe is made of transparent materials; and the screw transmission shaft extends out of the conveying pipe at the discharge port end, and is connected with an output shaft of a stepping motor. The stepping motor is connected with the sleeve b. Adjustment of rotating speed and control of a rotating angel of the screw transmission shaft are realized through driving of the stepping motor. The test apparatus and the test method are used for observation of flow process and performance test of powder materials during the course of discontinuous quantitative charging of the powder materials. Appropriate structural parameters and operational parameters of a screw charging device can be obtained through test analysis, the relationship among the screw rotating angle, the rotating speed and the charging quantity is determined, and a theory basis is provided for developing the screw charging device capable of realizing fast and precise quantification.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the reinforced test unit of a kind of transparent spiral, belongs to powder grain material quantitative technique field, is used for the discontinuous quantifying feed process observation of powder grain material spiral, performance test and analysis.
Background technology
Worm conveyor is commonly called as auger, is applicable to the continuous conveying of particle or powder grain material,, reliable operation, cheap simple in structure with it, and characteristics such as environmental pollution is little are used widely in industrial and agricultural production.The helical feed velocity-stabilization can guarantee that flow is more stable relatively during present worm conveyor continuous charging; Yet when adopting worm conveyor to carry out discontinuous quantifying feed, reinforced work is extensive, and powder grain material along with screw rod rotates, rotates when helical feed on the one hand, and the degree height that rotatablely moves; Along with the movement of helical blade, do translation motion on the other hand.Therefore the motion of powder grain material particle space and characteristic thereof are very complicated, and the factor that influences feeding speed and stability simultaneously is a lot, to such an extent as to its very difficult stability and high efficiency quantifying feed of realizing is difficult to satisfy discontinuous quantitative requirement.
Both at home and abroad to the discontinuous quantifying feed research of spiral, mainly be the stability that designs to improve conveying by the screw feeder structure innovation at present, perhaps realize quantifying feed by helical rotation start and stop control.As: the king proposed in XI AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY Subject Index along gloomy grade in 2005, at an axle two screw rods that rotation direction is opposite and phase place is adjustable was installed, and realized the helical feed stability of flow; Yuan Qiu had newly designed a kind of vibrating screw feeder in applying for a patent vibrating screw feeder (number of patent application 200910020078.9) in 2009, was used for the conveying of specific material, and its shortcoming is that power consumption is big, and equipment attrition is serious, fragile; Zhu Dengjie proposed in the light industry and machinery magazine in 2010, adopted large and small two screw feeders, realized quantifying feed by the start and stop control to large and small screw feeder.Project team has applied for patent " a kind of spiral quantitative feeding device reaches and stablizes charging process " (number of patent application 201010522365.2) in 2010 simultaneously, proposition realizes quantifying feed by the charging self-checking device being set to improve reinforced stability by control motor speed and corner; Applied for patent " based on the discontinuous quantifying feed method and system of intelligent Agent spiral " (number of patent application 201110402790.2) in 2011, propose by screw feeding state and parameters such as collecting temperature, humidity, rotating speed and corners, according to Agent Based Intelligent Control principle, realize intelligent quantifying feed.More than in two patents, cancelled metering and the link that feeds intake in traditional quantivative approach, improved quantitative rapidity, simplified the structure of proportioning device, but helical feed feeding device job stability proposed very high requirement.
Discontinuous when reinforced at spiral, powder grain material particle rotation movement degree is the principal element that influences the discontinuous quantifying feed stability of powder grain material.The powder grain material degree that rotatablely moves is all relevant with material characteristic, environmental baseline, structural parameters and operational factor.In order to observe the powder grain material degree that rotatablely moves, analyze and determine that different powder grain materials, environmental baseline, structural parameters and operational factor are to the discontinuous quantifying feed rapidity of spiral and stability influence relation, develop the discontinuous dosing unit of the suitable spiral of specific powder grain material, a kind of screw feeding test unit of being convenient to observe and the discontinuous quantifying feed test method of being convenient to experimental study and analysis need be provided.Real screw feeding device or the test unit of discontinuous quantifying feed realized almost do not have at present, its discontinuous quantifying feed test method is not more appeared in the newspapers, the existing material screw feeding device of conveying continuously that is used for, structural parameters and operational factor are often fixing, can not adjust flexibly, can't carry out discontinuous quantifying feed performance test and analysis to different material.
Summary of the invention
The utility model lacks at the discontinuous quantifying feed test unit of present powder grain material and test method thereof, a kind of transparent spiral test unit that feeds in raw material is provided, be used for the discontinuous quantifying feed Flow of Goods and Materials of powder grain material spiral process is observed and performance test, can search out suitable screw feeding apparatus structure parameter and operational factor by analysis of experiments, determine the relation between spiral corner rotating speed and feeding quantity, provide theoretical foundation for development realizes quantitative rapidly and accurately screw feeding device.
A kind of transparent spiral described in the utility model test unit that feeds in raw material comprises support ring a, sleeve a, left end cap, base for supporting, spiral shaft, axle a, bearing a, connector, feed bin, abutment ring, delivery pipe, axle b, charging aperture, support ring b, right end cap, sleeve b, end cap, bearing b, axle sleeve, little round nut, adapter sleeve, stepper motor, LOAD CELLS, controller, discharging opening; Described support ring a and support ring b are connected and fixed on the installation site, the base for supporting left and right sides by bolt respectively; Sleeve a is inserted the support ring a from the left side, and sleeve a opening is upwards placed, delivery pipe is connected by abutment ring with sleeve a, and the delivery pipe left end is supported by support ring a, and by the left end cap axial restraint; Left end cap is made by transparent material; Above the delivery pipe of screw axis left end, have charging aperture, and be connected with feed bin by connector, below the end delivery pipe of spiral shaft right-hand member, have discharging opening; Delivery pipe is made by transparent material; The delivery pipe right-hand member is supported by support ring b, and by the right end cap axial restraint; Settle stepper motor and support helix transmission shaft in the left end of the outside coupling sleeve b of right end cap, sleeve b; The left end of spiral shaft is connected by bolt with axle a, and supports the location by the pair of bearings a that is installed on the left end cap, and the right-hand member of spiral shaft is connected by spline with axle b, and is supported by 2 bearing b that are installed among the sleeve b; 2 bearing b are respectively by end cap, axle sleeve, roundlet nut axial location, and end cap is located at the left side of 2 bearing b, and axle sleeve is located between 2 bearing b, and little round nut is located at the right side of 2 bearing b; The axle right-hand member is connected with stepper motor by adapter sleeve, and stepper motor is installed in the right-hand member of stop sleeve; Step motor control spiral shaft rotating speed and corner; LOAD CELLS is installed below the discharging opening; Controller is connected by cable with LOAD CELLS with stepper motor respectively.
A kind of transparent spiral described in the utility model test unit that feeds in raw material, its Microcomputer Test System for Motor hardware comprises four parts compositions such as microcomputer, programmable automatic controller PAC, LOAD CELLS and testing circuit and power supply for step-by-step motor driver and interface circuit thereof, and Microcomputer Test System for Motor software is based on the screw feeding test routine of LabVIEW Design of Virtual Instrument.It is characterized in that: microcomputer is connected by USB interface with programmable automatic controller PAC, programmable automatic controller PAC comprises digital quantity and analog quantity IO channel, by the analog quantity input end be connected with LOAD CELLS and testing circuit thereof, be connected with power supply for step-by-step motor driver and interface circuit thereof by the digital quantity output terminal; The screw feeding test routine comprise to feeding quantity weigh the data acquisition process program that detects, drive spiral shaft and drive feed parameters such as control program, graphic interface program, corner rotating speed and feeding quantity and reinforced display routine as a result, the test data analyzer program of feeding in raw material etc. with the stepper motor of certain rotational speed certain angle.
The utility model adopts a kind of discontinuous quantifying feed test method that is, the technical scheme that adopts is: at mechanical part by transparent delivery pipe and transparent left end cap are set, by changing the surfacing that helical structure contacts with material, realization is to the observation of material particles motion process in the discontinuous quantifying feed process, and the reinforced process movement of particles feature of analysis, particle and helical surface contact friction characteristic influence the steady ordered feeding; With discharging opening place powder grain material traffic flow rate of change as performance parameter, by changing different spiral shafts, change helical structure parameter (spiral head number, lead angle or pitch etc.), spiral head number, lead angle or pitch that its flow of the specific material of experimental study is more stable; As performance parameter, by regulating stepper motor rotating speed and the anglec of rotation, make helical blade with different rotational speed, the more stable revolution speed of screw of its reinforced flow of the specific material of experimental study with discharging opening place powder grain material traffic flow rate of change and feeding quantity; On above experimental basis, analytical calculation is determined to realize the corner under certain feeding quantity at different angle positions place.
A kind of discontinuous quantifying feed test method described in the utility model comprises the observation analysis test of material particles motion process, specific material feed streams amount stability test and the test of discontinuous quantifying feed, and concrete content of the test process is:
1, the observation analysis of material particles motion process test
Subjects is white washing powder, and tracer grain is yellow millet, and test divides following four steps:
(1) first step at feed bin inner stuffing material, at first adds half washing powder, adds the tracer grain millet of one deck 5 millimeters thick then, and then fills it up with whole feed bin with washing powder;
(2) second steps, adopt common smooth helical blade, spiral shaft and delivery pipe, carry out screw feeding test with the per minute 60 right-hand rotation speed that turns left, observe the tracer grain millet in delivery pipe along the screw rod moving linearly with the screw rod degree that rotatablely moves, represent with time or distance;
(3) the 3rd steps, in feed bin, fill up the material same with the first step, if the spiral shaft girth is more than 48 millimeters, 4 of the smooth article tapes of 3 millimeters of uniform subsides width vertically on spiral shaft, if delivery pipe inwall girth is more than 64 millimeters, 4 of the smooth article tapes of 5 millimeters of uniform subsides width vertically on the delivery pipe inwall; Usually 3-6 of smooth article tapes of 2-5 millimeters of uniform subsides width vertically on spiral shaft, 3-6 of the smooth article tapes of 4-8 millimeters of uniform subsides width vertically on the delivery pipe inwall increase the circumferential frictional resistance of material; Carry out screw feeding test with same rotating speed, observe the tracer grain millet in delivery pipe along the screw rod moving linearly with the screw rod degree that rotatablely moves, represent with time or distance;
(4) the 4th steps, in feed bin, fill up the material same with the first step, 8 of the smooth article tapes of 3 millimeters of uniform subsides width vertically on spiral shaft, 8 of the smooth article tapes of 5 millimeters of uniform subsides width vertically on the delivery pipe inwall, further increase the circumferential frictional resistance of material, carry out screw feeding test with same rotating speed, observe the tracer grain millet and move moving linearly and with the screw rod degree that rotatablely moves, represent with time or distance at the delivery pipe internal helical blades.
By above test, analyze and determine that reinforced process movement of particles feature, particle and helical surface contact friction characteristic concern steady ordered feeding influence, set up the rule of particle stabilized orderly feeding.
2, specific material feed streams amount stability test
On the observation analysis experimental basis of above material particles motion process, subjects still is white washing powder, 2 ~ 4 totally 3 kinds of the helical blades of test screw axis, the lead angle of screw axis has 3 kinds (in 15 ° ~ 25 °), the flow stability test of feeding in raw material.Test divides following three steps:
(1) first step, the assembling and adjust test unit after, in feed bin and delivery pipe, fill up under the material situation, to the microcomputer control system setting of weighing, the control step motor carries out screw feeding one circle (screw axis rotates 360 °) with the per minute 60 right-hand rotation speed that turns left, carry out the reinforced test of 3 kinds of helical blades respectively, record the feeding quantity with reinforced 30 times of the helical blade of a kind of number respectively, the Changing Pattern of observation analysis feeding quantity, respectively three groups of feeding quantity data are asked variance and standard deviation, and determine the more stable spiral head number of specific material feed streams amount with variance and standard deviation minimum;
(2) second steps, the spiral head number definite to the first step, the assembling and adjust test unit after, in feed bin and delivery pipe, fill up under the material situation, to the microcomputer control system setting of weighing, the control step motor carries out screw feeding one circle (screw axis rotates 360 °) with the per minute 60 right-hand rotation speed that turns left, carry out the reinforced test of 3 kinds of lead angles respectively, record the feeding quantity with reinforced 30 times of a kind of helical blade of lead angle respectively, the Changing Pattern of observation analysis feeding quantity, respectively three groups of feeding quantity data are asked variance and standard deviation, and with variance and minimum definite more stable helical pitch or the lead angle of specific material feed streams amount of standard deviation;
(3) the 3rd steps, assembling and adjust the test unit of spiral shaft of above test gained after, in feed bin and delivery pipe, fill up under the material situation, to the microcomputer control system setting of weighing, control step motor rotation speed, test respectively and finish spiral continuous charging one circle (screw axis rotates 360 °) test under 3 kinds of revolutions speed of screw (per minute 60 forwards 180 to be changeed), record respectively with reinforced 30 times feeding quantity under a kind of rotating speed, the Changing Pattern of observation analysis feeding quantity, respectively three groups of feeding quantity data are asked variance and standard deviation, and with variance and the minimum definite more stable revolution speed of screw of specific material feed streams amount of standard deviation.
By above three step tests, feeding quantity is changed comparative analysis, determine that specific material feed streams amount stablizes optimal structural parameters (spiral head number, lead angle or pitch) and operational factor (revolution speed of screw).
3, the discontinuous quantifying feed test of specific material spiral
On above reinforced flow stability test basis, subjects still is white washing powder, and above definite structural parameters (spiral head number, lead angle or pitch) and operational factor (revolution speed of screw) are carried out the discontinuous quantifying feed test of specific material spiral.Test divides following three steps:
(1) first step, the assembling and adjust test unit after, in feed bin and delivery pipe, fill up under the material situation, to microcomputer control system weigh setting and control step motor speed, since an initial position (establishing angle is 0 °), each control spiral shaft turns an angle (as rotating 10 °), weighing feeding quantity, so circulation, spiral shaft rotates a circle, and record obtains 36 feeding quantity;
(2) second steps, above test circulation is carried out ten times, record obtains 10 groups of 36 feeding quantity;
(3) 10 groups of 36 feeding quantity are carried out Data Management Analysis: calculate the average feeding quantity in each angle position at first respectively, obtain 36 feeding quantity averages; Then, by regression analysis, analyze to determine to concern between the angle of 36 average feeding quantity and the relative initial position of spiral shaft, set up between expectation feeding quantity and position angle and the rotational angle according to this and concern; At last, calculate by 36 feeding quantity being carried out variance and standard deviation respectively, and adopt 3 times of the standard deviation maximal values of 36 feeding quantity, as the estimation of deviation value of estimating feeding quantity, calculate and estimate the anglec of rotation of feeding quantity under certain position, and the relative error estimated value.
By above content test, determined the spiral corner under certain feeding quantity, and estimated the feeding quantity relative error.
A kind of transparent spiral described in the utility model test unit that feeds in raw material, compared with the prior art, apparatus structure is simple, can be to different powder grain materials, under different production environment conditions and structured material, carry out the viewing test of the reinforced process of material, reinforced structural parameters and operational factor test and the test of discontinuous quantifying feed, determine the relation between spiral corner and the feeding quantity, thereby be the discontinuous dosing device of research and development spiral, the efficient and the stability that improve discontinuous quantifying feed provide theoretical foundation.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the physical construction front view of the utility model test unit.
Fig. 2 is the physical construction vertical view of the utility model test unit.
Fig. 3 is the charging aperture part synoptic diagram of the utility model test unit.
Fig. 4 is that the microcomputer control system of the utility model test unit is formed structural representation.
Fig. 5 is the discontinuous quantifying feed test method of the utility model experiment process.
Fig. 6 is the observation analysis experiment process figure of the utility model material particles motion process.
Fig. 7 is the reinforced flow stability test process flow diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 8 is the discontinuous quantifying feed experiment work of the utility model spiral procedure chart.
Among the figure: support ring a1, sleeve a2, left end cap 3, base for supporting 4, spiral shaft 5, axle a6, bearing a7, connector 8, feed bin 9, abutment ring 10, delivery pipe 11, axle b12, charging aperture 13, support ring b14, right end cap 15, sleeve b16, end cap 17, bearing b18, axle sleeve 19, roundlet nut 20, adapter sleeve 21, stepper motor 22, LOAD CELLS 23, controller 24, discharging opening 25.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of transparent spiral described in the utility model test unit that feeds in raw material, mechanical part comprises: support ring a1, sleeve a2, left end cap 3, base for supporting 4, spiral shaft 5, axle a6, bearing a7, connector 8, feed bin 9, abutment ring 10, delivery pipe 11, axle b12, charging aperture 13, support ring b14, right end cap 15, sleeve b16, end cap 17, bearing b18, axle sleeve 19, roundlet nut 20, adapter sleeve 21, stepper motor 22, LOAD CELLS 23, controller 24, discharging opening 25 etc.
A kind of transparent spiral described in the utility model test unit that feeds in raw material, its mechanical part feature is: spiral shaft 5 can be changed, and is furnished with one group of transmission shaft with different spiral head numbers and lift angle or pitch; Spiral shaft 5 supports by left end cap 3 and sleeve b16, and left end cap 3 is made by transparent material, is used for observing course of conveying material particles motion conditions; Above the delivery pipe 11 of screw axis 5 left ends, have charging aperture 13, and be connected with feed bin 9 by sleeve a2, connector 8, below the delivery pipe 11 of spiral shaft 5 right-hand members, have discharging opening 25; Delivery pipe 11 is made by transparent material, is used for observing course of conveying material particles axially-movable situation, and supports by support ring a1 and support ring b14; Left end cap 3 supports by support ring a1 and base for supporting 4; Spiral shaft 5 stretches out delivery pipe 11 at discharge port end, links to each other with stepper motor 22 output shafts, and stepper motor 22 links to each other with sleeve b16, drives by stepper motor 22, realizes the adjustment of spiral shaft rotating speed and the control of corner.
A kind of transparent spiral described in the utility model test unit that feeds in raw material, each parts annexation of its mechanical part is: support ring a1 and support ring b14 are connected and fixed on the installation site, base for supporting 4 left and right sides by bolt respectively; Sleeve 2 is inserted the support ring a1 from the left side, and sleeve a2 opening is upwards placed, and be used for the inflow delivery pipe 11 of feed bin material, delivery pipe 11 is connected by abutment ring 10 with sleeve a2, delivery pipe 11 left ends are supported by support ring a1, and by left end cap 3 axial restraints; Delivery pipe 11 right-hand members are supported by support ring b14, and by right end cap 15 axial restraints; The left end of the outside coupling sleeve b16 of right end cap 15, sleeve b16 are used for settling stepper motor 22 and support helix transmission shaft 5; The left end of spiral shaft 5 is connected by bolt with axle a6, and supports the location by the pair of bearings a7 that is installed on the left end cap 3, and the right-hand member of spiral shaft 5 is connected by spline with axle b12, and is supported by 2 bearing b18 that are installed among the sleeve b16; 2 bearing b18 are respectively by end cap 17, axle sleeve 19, roundlet nut 20 axial location; End cap 17 is located at the left side of 2 bearing b18, and axle sleeve 19 is located between 2 bearing b18, and roundlet nut 20 is located at the right side of 2 bearing b18; Axle 12 the right are connected with stepper motor 22 by adapter sleeve 21, and stepper motor 22 is installed in the right-hand member of stop sleeve 16; Stepper motor 22 control spiral shaft 5 rotating speeds and corners; LOAD CELLS 23 is installed below the discharging opening 25, and LOAD CELLS 23 is used for the test feeding quantity; Controller 24 is connected by cable with stepper motor 22 and LOAD CELLS 23 respectively.
As shown in Figure 3, the alignment of support ring aa1.1 and support ring ab1.2 top and bottom and by bolt above base for supporting 4, in support ring a1, insert sleeve a2, be fixed on the support ring a1 by left end cap 3; On sleeved a2 the right, by the bolt connection connector 8 is fixed thereon, connect by spiral again feed bin 9 is fixed in above the connector 8; In sleeve a2 right side, by abutment ring 10 it is connected with delivery pipe 11.
Shown in Figure 4, a kind of transparent spiral described in the utility model test unit that feeds in raw material, its microcomputer control system hardware (controller 24) comprise that four parts such as microcomputer, programmable automatic controller PAC, LOAD CELLS and testing circuit and power supply for step-by-step motor driver and interface circuit thereof form.It is characterized in that: microcomputer is connected by USB interface with programmable automatic controller PAC, programmable automatic controller PAC comprises digital quantity and analog quantity IO channel, by the analog quantity input end be connected with LOAD CELLS and testing circuit thereof, be connected with power supply for step-by-step motor driver and interface circuit thereof by the digital quantity output terminal; The LOAD CELLS testing circuit comprises LOAD CELLS power supply, weighing-up wave modulate circuit, weighing-up wave Acquisition Circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit etc.; Power supply for step-by-step motor driver interface circuit comprises the control signal level shifting circuit, drives amplifying circuit, stepper motor SCR control circuit and stepper motor working power etc.
A kind of transparent spiral described in the utility model test unit that feeds in raw material, its microcomputer control system software is based on the screw feeding test routine of LabVIEW Design of Virtual Instrument, its mainly comprise to feeding quantity weigh the data acquisition process program that detects, drive spiral shaft and drive feed parameters such as control program, graphic interface program, corner rotating speed and feeding quantity and reinforced display routine as a result, the test data analyzer program of feeding in raw material etc. with the stepper motor of certain rotational speed certain angle.
A kind of transparent spiral described in the utility model test unit that feeds in raw material, the signal transduction process of its screw feeding test is: host signal sends steering order by USB interface to PAC, accepts the PAC data; PAC exports by output interface, comes the operation of control step motor by level shifting circuit, driving amplifying circuit, SCR control circuit successively; After stepper motor work, material flows out from feed opening, LOAD CELLS is with the signal of sensing, successively by signal conditioning circuit, signal acquisition circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit, be input to PAC by input interface at last, PAC is transported to main frame by USB interface, in main frame signal is handled.
A kind of discontinuous quantifying feed test method described in the utility model, its technical scheme feature is: mechanical part is by arranging transparent delivery pipe 11 and transparent left end cap 3, by changing the surfacing that helical structure contacts with material, realization is to the observation of material particles motion process in the discontinuous quantifying feed process, and the reinforced process movement of particles feature of analysis, particle and helical surface contact friction characteristic influence the steady ordered feeding; With discharging opening place powder grain material traffic flow rate of change as performance parameter, by changing different spiral shafts, change helical structure parameter (spiral head number, lift angle or pitch etc.), spiral head number, lift angle or pitch that its flow of the specific material of experimental study is more stable; As performance parameter, by regulating stepper motor rotating speed and the anglec of rotation, make helical blade with different rotational speed, the more stable revolution speed of screw of its reinforced flow of the specific material of experimental study with discharging opening place powder grain material traffic flow rate of change and feeding quantity; On above experimental basis, analytical calculation is determined to realize the corner under certain feeding quantity at different angle positions place.
As shown in Figure 5, a kind of discontinuous quantifying feed test method described in the utility model, comprise the observation analysis test of material particles motion process, specific material feed streams amount stability test and the test of discontinuous quantifying feed, the experiment process feature is: at first by the observation analysis test of movement of particles process, analyze and determine that reinforced process movement of particles feature, particle and helical surface contact friction characteristic are to the influence of steady ordered feeding; By the stability test of specific material feed streams amount, determine to be fit to the structural parameters (determine suitable spiral head number earlier, determine suitable lead angle again) of specific material respectively then, and operational factor (revolution speed of screw); Under the situation of proper running parameters and structural parameters, carry out at last discontinuous quantifying feed test, determine the relation of spiral corner and blanking amount.
As shown in Figure 6, the observation analysis test of material particles motion process, main by transparent left end cap and transparent delivery pipe, observe tracer grain under different delivery pipes (friction factor difference), with blade moving linearly and the degree that rotatablely moves with screw rod, represent that with time or distance subjects is white washing powder, tracer grain is yellow millet, and test is concrete to divide following eight steps:
Test unit (wherein, common smooth helical blade, spiral shaft and delivery pipe are adopted in test for the first time) is assembled and adjusted to the first step;
Second step at feed bin inner stuffing material, at first added half washing powder, added the tracer grain millet of one deck 5 millimeters thick then, and then filled it up with whole feed bin with washing powder;
The 3rd step, carry out screw feeding test with the per minute 60 right-hand rotation speed that turns left, observe the tracer grain millet in delivery pipe along the screw rod moving linearly with the screw rod degree that rotatablely moves;
The 4th step, at 4 of the smooth article tapes (establishing the spiral shaft girth more than 48 millimeters) of 3 millimeters of uniform subsides width vertically on the spiral shaft, at 4 of the smooth article tapes (establishing delivery pipe inwall girth more than 64 millimeters) of 5 millimeters of uniform subsides width vertically on the delivery pipe inwall, in order to increase the circumferential frictional resistance of material, in revision test first to three step, observe that the tracer grain millet moves moving linearly with blade in delivery pipe and with the screw rod degree that rotatablely moves;
The 5th step, 8 of the smooth article tapes of 3 millimeters of uniform subsides width vertically on spiral shaft, 8 of the smooth article tapes of 5 millimeters of uniform subsides width vertically on the delivery pipe inwall, in order to further increase the circumferential frictional resistance of material, in revision test first to three step, observe that the tracer grain millet moves moving linearly with blade in delivery pipe and with the screw rod degree that rotatablely moves;
The 6th step, analyze tracer grain millet rectilinear motion and degree that rotatablely moves in delivery pipe under the above three kinds of situations of contrast, determine that reinforced process movement of particles feature, particle and helical surface contact friction characteristic concern steady ordered feeding influence, determine the rule of particle stabilized orderly feeding.
As shown in Figure 7, subjects still is white washing powder, to the band helical blade spiral shaft (2 ~ 4 of helical blades have 3 kinds, lead angle has 3 kinds for 15 °, 20 ° and 25 °), revolution speed of screw (per minute 60 changes, 120 commentaries on classics and 180 are changeed 3 kinds), carry out the stability test of specific material feed streams amount respectively, comprise and determine the spiral head number test, determine the lead angle test and determine that revolution speed of screw tests three aspects that particular content is:
(1) determine the spiral head number test, the concrete branch following six steps:
Test unit is assembled and adjusted to the first step;
Second step, test macro initialization, and in feed bin, fill up material, the control step motor carries out screw feeding with the per minute 60 right-hand rotation speed that turns left, and fills up behind the material out of service in delivery pipe;
The 3rd step, to microcomputer control system settings of weighing, the stand peeling of weighing is demarcated, set the test parameters such as sampling number, sampling rate of weighing, make Microcomputer Test System for Motor enter the test job state, wait for material inflow pan of a steelyard;
In the 4th step, the control step motor carries out screw feeding one circle (screw axis rotates 360 °) with the per minute 60 right-hand rotation speed that turns left, and the record feeding quantity is preserved test result data;
The 5th goes on foot, and changes the blade of different spiral head numbers, repeats four steps of the first step to the, carries out the reinforced test of 3 kinds of helical blade head numbers (2 ~ 4) respectively;
In the 6th step, the Changing Pattern of feeding quantity under three kinds of situations of comparative analysis is determined the more stable spiral head number of specific material feed streams amount.
(2) determine the lead angle test.At the spiral shaft of the above test gained spiral head number spiral shaft as test, carry out the reinforced test of 3 kinds of lead angles, the concrete branch following six steps:
Test unit is assembled and adjusted to the first step;
In second step, the test macro initialization is filled up material in feed bin, and the control step motor carries out screw feeding with the per minute 60 right-hand rotation speed that turns left, and fills up behind the material out of service in delivery pipe;
The 3rd step, to microcomputer control system settings of weighing, the stand peeling of weighing is demarcated, set the test parameters such as sampling number, sampling rate of weighing, make Microcomputer Test System for Motor enter the test job state, wait for material inflow pan of a steelyard;
In the 4th step, the control step motor carries out screw feeding one circle (screw axis rotates 360 °) with the per minute 60 right-hand rotation speed that turns left, and the record feeding quantity is preserved test result data;
The 5th goes on foot, and changes the spiral shaft of different lead angles, repeats four steps of the first step to the, carries out the reinforced test of 3 kinds of lead angles (15 °, 20 ° and 25 °) respectively;
In the 6th step, the Changing Pattern of feeding quantity under three kinds of situations of comparative analysis is determined the more stable lead angle of specific material feed streams amount.
(3) determine the revolution speed of screw test.As the test spiral shaft, carry out the reinforced test of 3 kinds of revolutions speed of screw at the spiral shaft of above test gained spiral head number and lead angle, the concrete branch following six steps:
Test unit is assembled and adjusted to the first step;
In second step, the test macro initialization is filled up material in feed bin, and the Revolution Per Minute 60 of setting screw feeding changes, and the control step motor carries out screw feeding with the rotating speed of setting, and fills up behind the material out of service in delivery pipe;
The 3rd step, to microcomputer control system settings of weighing, the stand peeling of weighing is demarcated, set the test parameters such as sampling number, sampling rate of weighing, make Microcomputer Test System for Motor enter the test job state, wait for material inflow pan of a steelyard;
In the 4th step, the control step motor carries out screw feeding one circle (screw axis rotates 360 °) with same rotational speed, and the record feeding quantity is preserved test result data;
The 5th step, reset the screw feeding rotating speed, repeat four steps of the first step to the, carry out the reinforced test of 3 kinds of revolutions speed of screw (per minute 60 commentaries on classics, 120 commentaries on classics, 180 are changeed) respectively;
In the 6th step, the Changing Pattern of feeding quantity is determined the more stable revolution speed of screw of specific material feed streams amount under the above three kinds of situations of comparative analysis.
Change comparative analysis by above content test of many times and feeding quantity, determine stable structural parameters (spiral head number, lead angle) and the operational factor (revolution speed of screw) that is fit to of specific material feed streams amount.
As shown in Figure 8, the discontinuous quantifying feed test of specific material spiral, subjects still is white washing powder, above definite structural parameters (spiral head number, lead angle) and operational factor (revolution speed of screw) are carried out the discontinuous quantifying feed test of specific material spiral, and test divides following six steps: (following describe for example according to 10 ° of each rotations of screw axis)
The first step is assembled and is adjusted above definite structural parameters (spiral head number, lead angle) test unit;
In second step, the test macro initialization is filled up material in feed bin, sets the above revolution speed of screw of determining, the control step motor carries out screw feeding with the rotating speed of setting, in delivery pipe, fill up material after, and stop at an initial position θ
0(establish θ
0Angle is 0 °);
The 3rd step, to microcomputer control system settings of weighing, the stand peeling of weighing is demarcated, set the test parameters such as sampling number, sampling rate of weighing, make Microcomputer Test System for Motor enter the test job state, wait for material inflow pan of a steelyard;
In the 4th step, the control step motor turns round with same rotational speed, controls the spiral shaft φ (as rotating 10 °, by pulse number control) that turns an angle at every turn, the weighing feeding quantity, and so circulation, spiral shaft rotates a circle, and record obtains 36 feeding quantity G
1j(j=0,1,2 ..., 35, G
1jUnit is gram);
The 5th step repeated for the 3rd step to the 4th step, and ten tests are carried out in circulation, and record obtains 10 groups of 36 feeding quantity G
Ij(cycle index i=1,2,3 ..., 10, j=0,1,2 ..., 35, G
IjUnit is gram);
In the 6th step, 10 groups of 36 feeding quantity are carried out data statistic analysis handle:
Calculate 10 ° of average feeding quantity G-of each position spiral at first, respectively
j, namely
Wherein, j=0,1,2,3 ..., 35, obtain 10 ° of average feeding quantity of 36 position spirals;
Secondly, to 10 feeding quantity G of 10 ° of correspondences of each position spiral
1j, G
2j, G
3jG
8j, G
9j, G
10jAsk variance and standard deviation, variance is:
Standard deviation is:
, wherein, j=0,1,2 ..., 35;
Then, determine 36 average feeding quantity G-by regression analysis
jPosition angle θ with the relative initial position of spiral shaft
jBetween the relation:
Wherein, j=0,1,2,3 ..., 35, set up from position angle θ (between 0-360 °) according to this, rotational angle φ (being located between 1-180 °) estimates that the estimation expression formula of feeding quantity G is afterwards:
Wherein,
,
Be the non-linear correction factor relevant with θ and φ,
Be the up and down offset correction coefficient relevant with θ and φ.
At last, adopt 3 times of conducts of 36 feeding quantity G-j maximum standard deviations to estimate feeding quantity G estimation of deviation value E up and down, that is:
The relative error e that estimates feeding quantity G is:
By the test of above content, determined the expectation feeding quantity G of φ that rotates to an angle at certain position θ, otherwise can determine that also certain position θ need add the anglec of rotation φ of a certain amount of material, and estimated feeding quantity relative error e.
Claims (2)
1. the reinforced test unit of a transparent spiral, it is characterized in that, comprise support ring a (1), sleeve a (2), left end cap (3), base for supporting (4), spiral shaft (5), axle a (6), bearing a (7), connector (8), feed bin (9), abutment ring (10), delivery pipe (11), axle b (12), charging aperture (13), support ring b (14), right end cap (15), sleeve b (16), end cap (17), bearing b (18), axle sleeve (19), little round nut (20), adapter sleeve (21), stepper motor (22), LOAD CELLS (23), controller (24), discharging opening (25); Described support ring a (1) and support ring b (14) are connected and fixed on base for supporting (4) installation site, the left and right sides by bolt respectively; With sleeve a(2) insert the support ring a (1) from the left side, and making sleeve a(2) opening upwards places, delivery pipe (11) is connected by abutment ring (10) with sleeve a (2), and delivery pipe (11) left end is supported by support ring a (1), and by left end cap (3) axial restraint; Left end cap (3) is made by transparent material; Delivery pipe (11) top at screw axis (5) left end has charging aperture (13), and is connected with feed bin (9) by connector (8), has discharging opening (25) in end delivery pipe (11) below of spiral shaft (5) right-hand member; Delivery pipe (11) is made by transparent material; Delivery pipe (11) right-hand member is supported by support ring b (14), and by right end cap (15) axial restraint; Settle stepper motor (22) and support helix transmission shaft (5) in the left end of the outside coupling sleeve b (16) of right end cap (15), sleeve b (16); The left end of spiral shaft (5) is connected by bolt with axle a (6), and by pair of bearings a (7) the support location that is installed on the left end cap (3), the right-hand member of spiral shaft (5) is connected by spline with axle b (12), and is supported by 2 the bearing b (18) that are installed among the sleeve b (16); 2 bearing b (18) are respectively by end cap (17), axle sleeve (19), little round nut (20) axial location, end cap (17) is located at the left side of 2 bearing b (18), axle sleeve (19) is located at 2 bearing b(18) between, little round nut (20) is located at 2 bearing b(18) the right side; Axle (12) right-hand member is connected with stepper motor (22) by adapter sleeve (21), and stepper motor (22) is installed in the right-hand member of stop sleeve (16); Stepper motor (22) control spiral shaft (5) rotating speed and corner; LOAD CELLS (23) is installed below the discharging opening (25); Controller (24) is connected by cable with LOAD CELLS (23) with stepper motor (22) respectively.
2. the reinforced test unit of transparent spiral according to claim 1 is characterized in that described controller (24) comprises microcomputer, programmable automatic controller PAC, LOAD CELLS and testing circuit thereof and power supply for step-by-step motor driver and interface circuit; Microcomputer is connected by USB interface with programmable automatic controller PAC, programmable automatic controller PAC comprises digital quantity and analog quantity IO channel, by the analog quantity input end be connected with LOAD CELLS and testing circuit thereof, be connected with power supply for step-by-step motor driver and interface circuit thereof by the digital quantity output terminal; The LOAD CELLS testing circuit comprises LOAD CELLS power supply, weighing-up wave modulate circuit, weighing-up wave Acquisition Circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit; Power supply for step-by-step motor driver interface circuit comprises the control signal level shifting circuit, drives amplifying circuit, stepper motor SCR control circuit and stepper motor working power; Host signal sends steering order by USB interface to PAC, accepts the PAC data; PAC exports by output interface, comes the operation of control step motor by control signal level shifting circuit, driving amplifying circuit, stepper motor SCR control circuit successively; After stepper motor work, material flows out from feed opening, LOAD CELLS (23) is with the signal of sensing, successively by signal conditioning circuit, signal acquisition circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit, be input to PAC by input interface at last, PAC is transported to main frame by USB interface, in main frame signal is handled.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220606742 CN203069205U (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2012-11-16 | Transparent screw charging test apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220606742 CN203069205U (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2012-11-16 | Transparent screw charging test apparatus |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102928011A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-13 | 江苏大学 | Transparent screw charging test apparatus and discontinuous quantitative charging test method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102928011A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-13 | 江苏大学 | Transparent screw charging test apparatus and discontinuous quantitative charging test method |
| CN102928011B (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2015-07-08 | 江苏大学 | Transparent screw charging test apparatus and discontinuous quantitative charging test method |
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