CN203011368U - Super-huge gear measuring device - Google Patents
Super-huge gear measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN203011368U CN203011368U CN 201220721695 CN201220721695U CN203011368U CN 203011368 U CN203011368 U CN 203011368U CN 201220721695 CN201220721695 CN 201220721695 CN 201220721695 U CN201220721695 U CN 201220721695U CN 203011368 U CN203011368 U CN 203011368U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a super-huge gear measuring device and aims to provide a measuring device for a super-huge gear which requires no driver. The super-huge gear measuring device comprises a workbench, a gauge and a laser tracker which are independent of each other. The gauge comprises a centering mechanism. A spiral arm which rotates around the center of the centering mechanism as the rotation shaft is arranged in the side direction of the centering mechanism. The end of the spiral arm is provided with a measuring head which can move in a straight line in a horizontal plane and can move in the vertical direction. The utility model has following beneficial effects: the super-huge gear measuring device is not influenced by large size and large weight of a gear, is convenient for measurement, has high precision, and can be used in measuring super-huge gears.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of measurement mechanism of super-huge gear.
Background technology
Gear is the important foundation parts in industrial transmission, and the gear that it has been generally acknowledged that diameter 500-3000mm is large gear, and diameter is super-huge gear greater than 3000mm's.To the improving constantly of large gear request for utilization, its manufacture level obtains fast lifting, and is also more and more urgent to the demand of its accuracy detection due to Heavy machinery industries such as metallurgy, mine, shipbuilding, lifting, wind-power electricity generations.Yet, being subjected to the impact of the factors such as physical dimension is large, quality is large, measurement large-scale and super-huge gear is a difficult problem in gear testing field always.
The measuring method of existing large gear mainly contains:
1. on-machine measurement
On-machine measurement is to use more a kind of measuring method.Its basic platform is numerical control machine tool, after completing in Gear Processing, do not need gear is reorientated and be installed, therefore, easy to use, efficient advantages of higher that the method has, its shortcoming are to get rid of fully lathe self precision to the impact of measurement result.
2. overhead is measured
The overhead measurement is on machining tool or worktable, take certain parameter of tested gear as measuring basis, the overhead measuring instrument can be measured around tested gear, and advantage is not need to move tested gear, have easy to use, volume is little, low cost and other advantages.But because positioning requirements is high, and is difficult to accurately set up workpiece coordinate system and measures contacting between coordinate system, so measuring accuracy still there is room for promotion.
3. large gear amount instrument
Large gear amount instrument is on the basis of middle pinion wheel amount instrument, the desk-top Special measuring instrument of developing according to the characteristics of large gear, its advantage is that measuring accuracy is high, efficient is high, function is strong, but it is high that shortcoming is instrument cost, and along with the increasing of measurement range, the manufacturing meeting of instrument is more difficult, it is generally acknowledged that can survey maximum outside diameter is that the large gear measuring center of 3000mm is near the manufacture level limit of present stage large gear amount instrument.
Super-huge gear is because of the physical dimension of its super large, and the weight of tens of tons of weighing is above-mentioned the on-position measure methods such as machine or overhead measurement, substantially without feasible method except adopting.
Chinese patent notification number CN102022990A discloses a kind of large gear measuring instrument, described gear measurement machine is combined side by side by separate measurement mechanism and rotary table, and measurement mechanism is positioned at a side of rotary table, described rotary table supports by hydrostatic slideway and hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers centering is assemblied on the rotary table base, and described rotary table drives by being arranged on twin worm on the rotary table base gap gear train that disappears.This gear measurement machine is by the rotation of rotatable worktable driven wheel, thereby measures, and this mode is for super large physical dimension, the super-huge gear of tens of tons of weighing, and the manufacturing of measuring instrument and the driving of gear are all extremely difficult, and efficient is low.
China Patent Publication No. CN101561349A discloses a kind of detection method and pick-up unit of large gear, described method adopts coordinate method, utilize whirligig to make tested gear rotation, and utilize measuring motion that the flank profil of tested gear is detected, the datum axis of tested gear and the relative position between measuring motion change to be determined by laser tracker, then the data that this changing value and measuring motion gathered and the anglec of rotation data of whirligig are processed, thereby draw the geometric error of tested gear, described device comprises be used to the measuring motion of laying tested gear and is used for determining the datum axis of tested gear and the laser tracker that the relative position between measuring motion changes.There are the problems referred to above equally in the detection method of this large gear and pick-up unit.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide the measurement mechanism of the super-huge gear of a kind of not demand motive, with solve exist in background technology for the super large physical dimension, the super-huge gear of tens of tons weighs, the manufacturing of measuring instrument and the driving of gear are all extremely difficult, and service efficiency is lower.
To achieve these goals, the utility model provides a kind of measurement mechanism, its technical scheme is: a kind of measurement mechanism of super-huge gear, comprise separate worktable, measuring instrument and laser tracker, described measuring instrument comprises centering machine, it is the spiral arm of turning axle rotation that described centering machine side direction is provided with take its center, the spiral arm end both be provided with can be in surface level traveling priority and the gauge head that can move at vertical direction.The design philosophy of this technical scheme is: gear is positioned on worktable (or gear cutting machine worktable), utilize centering machine to be arranged to the rotation center of measuring instrument and Gear axis coaxial, utilize afterwards laser tracker set up the coordinate system of tested gear and measuring instrument is felt relieved, use measuring instrument to measure, then by reading the data of feeding back on measuring instrument, measured parameter is calculated, this measurement mechanism is simple, not affected by volume, the weight factor of gear, it is convenient to measure, and precision is high.
As preferably, described centering machine comprises the chassis, and the upper surface center on chassis is provided with column, and described spiral arm is located at column radially and can column is the turning axle rotation.
As preferably, described chassis circumferentially to external radiation, a plurality of identical sway braces are arranged.
As preferably, described a plurality of sway braces are circumferentially uniform the chassis.Above three for the design of gears with center pit, during use, sway brace support is felt relieved on the inwall of center pit.
As preferably, described centering machine comprises pivoting support, and the inner ring of pivoting support is adaptive with gear shaft and be fixedly connected with, and the outer ring of pivoting support is fixedly connected with spiral arm.This is for the design of gears with gear shaft, during use, is enclosed within on gear shaft the inner ring of pivoting support fixing in order to centering.
As preferably, described spiral arm is provided with the horizontal measuring staff that can move along the spiral arm length direction, and the outboard end of horizontal measuring staff is provided with upright arm, and upright arm is provided with the vertical measuring staff that can move along the upright arm length direction, and described gauge head is located at vertical measuring staff bottom.This is intended to make gauge head to move up with Vertical Square in the horizontal direction, could measure flank profil and the helix of the gear teeth like this.
As preferably, described horizontal measuring staff is provided with and records the horizon light gate sensor that its horizontal shift changes, and vertical measuring staff is provided with and records the vertical raster sensor that its perpendicular displacement changes.
As preferably, the below at described spiral arm middle part is fixed with support column, and support column is provided with the bevel gear kinematic pair that can drive spiral arm.This is intended to realize that spiral arm is rotatable.
As preferentially, described gauge head is the inductance sensor gauge head.
The beneficial effect of the measurement mechanism of the super-huge gear of the utility model is: be not subjected to the impact that gear volume is large, weight is large, measurement is convenient, precision is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the measurement mechanism of super-huge gear in embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the measurement mechanism of super-huge gear in embodiment 2;
Fig. 3 is the geometric representation of practical tooth line.
Number in the figure is respectively: 1. worktable 2. laser tracker 3. chassis 4. column 5. spiral arm 6. horizontal measuring staff 8. vertical measuring staff 10. inductance sensor gauge head 11. sway brace 12. gear 13. pivoting support 14. bevel gear kinematic pair 15. horizon light gate sensor 16. vertical raster sensors of upright arm 9. of support column 7..
Embodiment
Also by reference to the accompanying drawings the technical solution of the utility model is further described specifically below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
a kind of measurement mechanism of super-huge gear, as shown in Figure 1, this kind measurement mechanism is fit to have the super-huge gear of center pit, this measurement mechanism comprises separate worktable 1, measuring instrument and laser tracker 2, described measuring instrument comprises chassis 3, the circumferential of described chassis 3 has a plurality of identical circumferential uniform sway braces 11 to external radiation, 3 upper surface centers, chassis are connected with column 4, column 4 sidewalls radially be provided with the spiral arm 5 that can rotate take column 4 as turning axle, the below at described spiral arm 5 middle parts is fixed with support column 6, be provided with bevel gear kinematic pair 14 between support column 6 and worktable 1, on the tooth bar bottom surface of bevel gear kinematic pair 14, magnet is housed, tooth bar can be adsorbed on worktable 1 and maintain static, the drive motor of this kinematic pair is located in support column, described spiral arm 5 is provided with horizontal measuring staff 7, described horizontal measuring staff 7 is driven by regulating device (for example hydraulic cylinder) horizontal measuring staff 7 can be moved along the spiral arm length direction, described horizontal measuring staff 7 is provided with and records the horizon light gate sensor 15 that its horizontal shift changes, the outboard end of horizontal measuring staff 7 is provided with upright arm 8, upright arm 8 is provided with vertical measuring staff 9, vertical measuring staff 9 is provided with and records the vertical raster sensor 16 that its perpendicular displacement changes, described vertical measuring staff 9 is driven by regulating device vertical measuring staff 9 can be moved along upright arm 8 length directions, described vertical measuring staff 9 bottoms are provided with inductance sensor gauge head 10.
Adopt above-mentioned measurement mechanism to measure the method for super-huge gear, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: utilize laser tracker 2, set up reference plane and the datum axis of tested gear 12.Concrete grammar is:
The tested gear 12 that (1) at first will have a center pit is placed on worktable 1, in the hole along at least five points of circumferencial direction sampling, data point with sampling becomes a circle according to least square fitting afterwards, then along gear 12 endoporus or gear shaft axially, be taken to as stated above few three circles on several faces parallel with gear 12 end faces, the above a plurality of centers of circle that obtain are fitted to straight line, and this line is the rotation of gear 12, also as datum axis;
(2) after determining datum axis, be taken to few five points on gear 12 end faces, simulate a plane, the intersection point of face and axis of making even this moment, and cross this intersection point and do the plane vertical with axis, this plane is the reference plane of tested gear 12.Intersection point is as circular cylindrical coordinate σ
1The true origin of (r, θ, z), datum axis is Z axis, sets up polar coordinates in reference plane, with pole axis r and polar angle θ, point is described;
Step 2: determine measurement range and adjust measurement mechanism to guarantee the satisfying measuring accuracy requirement in measurement range.Concrete grammar is:
(1) in the situation that step 1 has been determined the rotation of tested gear 12, sway brace 11 is supportted on the inwall of center pit;
(2) utilize laser tracker 2 to read the position of gauge head, adjust horizontal measuring staff 7 by regulating device, the distance that gauge head 10 is moved to tested gear 12 rotations is the position of base radius, this moment, gauge head 10 contacted with gear 12, be recorded as the initial point of actual measurement involute urve, polar angle is zero, and radius vector is base radius.Go out the measurement starting point of gear 12 and measure length by the actual gear calculation of parameter, adjust horizontal measuring staff 7 this moment and rotate centered by the rotation of tested gear simultaneously, driving gauge head 10 and move to whole measuring point along the flank of tooth by playing measuring point.Measured by the height of 2 pairs 2 of laser trackers this moment, and the position by adjusting measuring instrument is until two point height differences satisfy to measure requires, and in same end face, flank profil measured guaranteeing;
(3) fixing horizontal measuring staff 7 and drive vertical measuring staff 9 and carry out rectilinear motion, and record passes through coordinate a little, obtain its movement locus, adjust the relative position of vertical measuring staff 9 and horizontal measuring staff 7, until make its movement locus reach the measurement requirement with respect to the depth of parallelism of datum axis, when measuring, can measure and evaluation in end face on the face of cylinder at reference circle on helix guaranteeing;
Step 3: concrete gear parameter is measured.Concrete grammar is:
(1) flank profil is measured: after adjusting whole device (zeroing of inductance sensor indicating value and gauge head is horizontally disposed with and vertical with horizontal measuring staff 7), as shown in Figure 3, from measuring point (r
k=r
1=OA, θ
k=θ
1) begin to measure, the horizontal measuring staff 7 certain amounts of elongation, it is AA that the indicating value by horizon light gate sensor 15 changes the radius vector variable quantity that obtains this point
1, change A by the inductance sensor indicating value
1It is θ that B obtains the polar angle variable quantity
2=arctan (A
1B/OA
1), at this moment, cross the vertical line that the B point is done involute urve, the point that hangs down is the E point, due to the characteristic of involute urve, making the BE extended line can be D with the point of contact of basic circle, therefore can get
,
, again by the involute urve characteristics as can be known: length ED equals AD section arc length
, because of ED perpendicular to theoretical involute urve (defined by GB: the flank profil deviation is in the section plane and perpendicular to the direction evaluation of involute profile), so the flank profil deviation F of this moment
a=EB, wherein:
,
, after completing above-mentioned steps, rotate horizontal measuring staff 7, the inductance sensor indicating value is made zero, then repeat said method and survey the next flank profil deviate of putting namely:
,, after obtaining according to the method described above at least two ten points, just can simulate the flank profil deviation curve;
(2) helix error measure: regulate horizontal measuring staff 7, make inductance sensor gauge head 10 be on the face of cylinder of gear 12 reference circles, then the fixing horizontal measuring staff 7, driving vertical measuring staff 9 moves in the facewidth working range of actual gear along the flank of tooth, in this measuring process, record the movement locus of inductance sensor gauge head 10, the variation of record inductance sensor indicating value on the way, and be scaled the amount of end face basic circle on tangential, be spiral deviation on the way.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of measurement mechanism of super-huge gear, as shown in Figure 2, this measurement mechanism is fit to have the super-huge gear of gear shaft, this measurement mechanism is with the difference of embodiment 1: the spiral arm medial extremity is fixedly connected with pivoting support 13, and the tooth bar of bevel gear kinematic pair 14 is adsorbed on gear 12 upper surfaces and maintains static.
Adopt above-mentioned measurement mechanism to measure the method for super-huge gear, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: utilize laser tracker 2, set up reference plane and the datum axis of tested gear 12.Concrete grammar is:
The tested gear 12 that (1) at first will have a gear shaft is placed on worktable 1, on gear shaft along the circumferential direction the sampling at least five points, data point with sampling becomes a circle according to least square fitting afterwards, then along gear 12 endoporus or gear shaft axially, be taken to as stated above few three circles on several faces parallel with gear 12 end faces, the above a plurality of centers of circle that obtain are fitted to straight line, and this line is the rotation of gear 12, also as datum axis;
(2) after determining datum axis, be taken to few five points on gear 12 end faces, simulate a plane, the intersection point of face and axis of making even this moment, and cross this intersection point and do the plane vertical with axis, this plane is the reference plane of tested gear 12.Intersection point is as circular cylindrical coordinate σ
1The true origin of (r, θ, z), datum axis is Z axis, sets up polar coordinates in reference plane, with pole axis r and polar angle θ, point is described;
Step 2: determine measurement range and adjust measurement mechanism to guarantee the satisfying measuring accuracy requirement in measurement range.Concrete grammar is:
(1) in the situation that step 1 has been determined the rotation of tested gear 12, pivoting support 13 inner rings are enclosed within on gear shaft fixing;
(2) utilize laser tracker 2 to read the position of gauge head, adjust horizontal measuring staff 7 by regulating device, the distance that gauge head 10 is moved to tested gear 12 rotations is the position of base radius, this moment, gauge head 10 contacted with gear 12, be recorded as the initial point of actual measurement involute urve, polar angle is zero, and radius vector is base radius.Go out the measurement starting point of gear 12 and measure length by the actual gear calculation of parameter, adjust horizontal measuring staff 7 this moment and rotate centered by the rotation of tested gear simultaneously, driving gauge head 10 and move to whole measuring point along the flank of tooth by playing measuring point.Measured by the height of 2 pairs 2 of laser trackers at this moment, and measure requirement by the position of adjusting measuring instrument until two point height differences satisfy;
(3) fixing horizontal measuring staff 7 and drive vertical measuring staff 9 and carry out rectilinear motion, and record passes through coordinate a little, obtain its movement locus, adjust the relative position of vertical measuring staff 9 and horizontal measuring staff 7, until make its movement locus reach the measurement requirement with respect to the depth of parallelism of datum axis, when measuring, can measure and evaluation in end face on the face of cylinder at reference circle on helix guaranteeing;
Step 3: concrete gear parameter is measured.Concrete grammar is:
(1) flank profil is measured: after adjusting whole device (zeroing of inductance sensor indicating value and gauge head is horizontally disposed with and vertical with horizontal measuring staff 7), as shown in Figure 3, from measuring point (r
k=r
1=OA, θ
k=θ
1) begin to measure, the horizontal measuring staff 7 certain amounts of elongation, it is AA that the indicating value by horizon light gate sensor 15 changes the radius vector variable quantity that obtains this point
1, change A by the inductance sensor indicating value
1It is θ that B obtains the polar angle variable quantity
2=arctan (A
1B/OA
1), at this moment, cross the vertical line that the B point is done involute urve, the point that hangs down is the E point, due to the characteristic of involute urve, making the BE extended line can be D with the point of contact of basic circle, therefore can get
,
, again by the involute urve characteristics as can be known: length ED equals AD section arc length
, because of ED perpendicular to theoretical involute urve (defined by GB: the flank profil deviation is in the section plane and perpendicular to the direction evaluation of involute profile), so the flank profil deviation F of this moment
a=EB, wherein:
,
, after completing above-mentioned steps, rotate horizontal measuring staff 7, the inductance sensor indicating value is made zero, then repeat said method and survey the next flank profil deviate of putting namely:
,, after obtaining according to the method described above at least two ten points, just can simulate the flank profil deviation curve;
(2) helix error measure: regulate horizontal measuring staff 7, make inductance sensor gauge head 10 be on the face of cylinder of gear 12 reference circles, then the fixing horizontal measuring staff 7, driving vertical measuring staff 9 moves in the facewidth working range of actual gear along the flank of tooth, in this measuring process, record the movement locus of inductance sensor gauge head 10, the variation of record inductance sensor indicating value on the way, and be scaled the amount of end face basic circle on tangential, be spiral deviation on the way.
Above-mentioned described specific embodiment is only that the preferable examples explanation is done in design of the present utility model.All any modifications of making within spirit of the present utility model and principle or replenish or be equal to alternative, within all should being included in the protection domain of the utility model claim.
Claims (9)
1. the measurement mechanism of a super-huge gear, it is characterized in that: comprise separate worktable (1), measuring instrument and laser tracker (2), described measuring instrument comprises centering machine, it is the spiral arm (5) of turning axle rotation that described centering machine side direction is provided with take its center, spiral arm (5) end both be provided with can be in surface level traveling priority and the gauge head (10) that can move at vertical direction.
2. the measurement mechanism of super-huge gear according to claim 1 and measuring method thereof, it is characterized in that: described centering machine comprises chassis (3), the upper surface center on chassis (3) is provided with column (4), and described spiral arm (5) is located at column (4) radially and can be rotated for turning axle by column (4).
3. the measurement mechanism of super-huge gear according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described chassis (3) circumferentially to external radiation, a plurality of identical sway braces (11) are arranged.
4. the measurement mechanism of super-huge gear according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described a plurality of sway braces (11) are (3) circumferentially uniform on the chassis.
5. the measurement mechanism of super-huge gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described centering machine comprises pivoting support (13), the inner ring of pivoting support (13) is adaptive with gear shaft and be fixedly connected with, and the outer ring of pivoting support (13) is fixedly connected with spiral arm (5).
6. the measurement mechanism of the described super-huge gear of according to claim 1 to 5 any one, it is characterized in that: described spiral arm (5) is provided with the horizontal measuring staff (7) that can move along the spiral arm length direction, the outboard end of horizontal measuring staff (7) is provided with upright arm (8), upright arm (8) is provided with the vertical measuring staff (9) that can move along the upright arm length direction, and described gauge head (10) is located at vertical measuring staff (9) bottom.
7. the measurement mechanism of super-huge gear according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described horizontal measuring staff (7) is provided with and records the horizon light gate sensor that its horizontal shift changes, and vertical measuring staff (9) is provided with and records the vertical raster sensor that its perpendicular displacement changes.
8. the measurement mechanism of super-huge gear according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the below at described spiral arm (5) middle part is fixed with support column (6), and support column (6) is provided with the bevel gear kinematic pair that can drive spiral arm (5).
9. the measurement mechanism of super-huge gear according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described gauge head (10) is the inductance sensor gauge head.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220721695 CN203011368U (en) | 2012-12-24 | 2012-12-24 | Super-huge gear measuring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220721695 CN203011368U (en) | 2012-12-24 | 2012-12-24 | Super-huge gear measuring device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203011368U true CN203011368U (en) | 2013-06-19 |
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ID=48602957
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220721695 Expired - Fee Related CN203011368U (en) | 2012-12-24 | 2012-12-24 | Super-huge gear measuring device |
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| CN (1) | CN203011368U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103075991A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-05-01 | 中国计量学院 | Measuring device for super-large type gear and measuring method thereof |
| CN104596454A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-06 | 北方民族大学 | Double arm type measurement instrument of super huge type gear and measurement method thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-12-24 CN CN 201220721695 patent/CN203011368U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103075991A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-05-01 | 中国计量学院 | Measuring device for super-large type gear and measuring method thereof |
| CN103075991B (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2016-01-20 | 中国计量学院 | The measurement mechanism of super-huge gear and measuring method thereof |
| CN104596454A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-06 | 北方民族大学 | Double arm type measurement instrument of super huge type gear and measurement method thereof |
| CN104596454B (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2019-01-29 | 北方民族大学 | A kind of measurement method of double-arm super-huge gear measuring instrument |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130619 Termination date: 20191224 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |