CN202957639U - High-efficiency charging and discharging control circuit - Google Patents
High-efficiency charging and discharging control circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN202957639U CN202957639U CN2012201653228U CN201220165322U CN202957639U CN 202957639 U CN202957639 U CN 202957639U CN 2012201653228 U CN2012201653228 U CN 2012201653228U CN 201220165322 U CN201220165322 U CN 201220165322U CN 202957639 U CN202957639 U CN 202957639U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high-efficiency charging and discharging control circuit which includes a rectifier, a charging and discharging circuit, and a battery which are connected in series successively. The high-efficiency charging and discharging control circuit also includes a voltage sampling circuit and a current sampling circuit which are connected with the battery respectively, and a control unit which is connected with the voltage sampling circuit and the current sampling circuit. The control unit is connected with the rectifier and the charging and discharging circuit respectively. Compared with the prior art, the high-efficiency charging and discharging control circuit is suitable for different types of batteries. In the battery charging and discharging process, the output voltage of the rectifier can be adjusted in real time according to the voltage and current fluctuation of the battery, so the charging loss is greatly reduced, at the same time, the circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, and the market prospect is wide.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to battery charging and discharging device, relates in particular to a kind of energy-efficient charge-discharge control circuit.
Background technology
In the process (as changing into and partial volume of battery) of battery production or use, often to use charge-discharge circuit.Charge-discharge circuit comprises substantially: rectifier, charging circuit, the battery of connecting successively; The battery charging and discharging circuit may but be not limited only to structure shown in Fig. 1 to 3.As shown in Figure 1, the battery list connects discharge circuit, and rectifier is responsible for alternating current is transformed into the direct current of certain voltage, and the input as the charging circuit of back, provide energy source to charging circuit.As shown in Figure 2, be connected in series discharge circuit between battery and rectifier output end, the forming energy feedback circuit, the energy of discharge battery feeds back to the output of rectifier by discharge circuit, can be for other charging circuit, or by other inverter again by energy feedback to electrical network, to reach the purpose of discharge energy recycling.Now, the output voltage of rectifier is the output voltage of discharge circuit.As shown in Figure 3, charging circuit and discharge circuit set are charge/discharge circuit, also the forming energy feedback circuit.
Because cell voltage has wider voltage range, and dissimilar battery voltage range is not identical yet, for charge-discharge circuit can be worked in the voltage gamut at battery, and have range of application comparatively widely, therefore in general the output voltage of rectifier generally all is set in a higher value.Therefore, under many circumstances, the difference of the input and output voltage of power conversion circuit (charging circuit and/or discharge circuit) is all larger.Power conversion circuit can be based on the circuit of linear power supply operation principle, also can be based on the circuit of Switching Power Supply principle.No matter which kind of circuit it belongs to, and a kind of common characteristic is arranged, and the input voltage and the output voltage gap that are exactly circuit are larger, and its energy loss is larger.In linear circuit, this characteristic shows particularly evidently, because its
Loss=(input voltage-output voltage) * electric current
In the circuit structure arbitrary at Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, if rectifier output voltage 6V, cell voltage 2V, electric current 10A, charge the battery so and altogether consume the power of 60W, but wherein have 40W all to consume with the form of heating.
In some high-precision battery production links (as changing into and partial volume), in order to obtain the less ripple that discharges and recharges, mostly adopt linear charge-discharge circuit.Namely why battery production enterprise is all generally the enterprise of high energy consumption for this, and the annual electricity charge are all very large spendings.If the charging circuit of switching mode or discharge circuit, although energy loss is so outstanding not as linear circuit with the relation of the difference of input and output voltage, also can not look down upon.
Therefore, if in the process of battery charging and discharging, can regulate the output voltage of rectifier according to the difference of cell voltage, make the difference of input and output voltage of charge-discharge circuit as much as possible little, just can reduce greatly the energy loss of circuit, bring great economic benefit to battery enterprise.
A kind of similar way is the patent CN200910132274.5 of Taiwan Chroma Ate Inc, its method is for linear charge-discharge circuit, the current limliting transistor discharged and recharged in control circuit and the voltage on current-limiting resistance are a fixed value, like this can be at the output voltage that to a certain degree reduces rectifier.In this scheme:
Loss=(other line resistance * electric current in the fixed value+circuit of control) * electric current
But this scheme has the problem of two aspects:
1. for the voltage of controlling on current limliting transistor and current-limiting resistance is a fixed value, need complicated closed-loop control, equipment cost is high;
2. the conducting resistance of hypothesis current limliting transistor and current-limiting resistance is certain, and electric current is larger, and the voltage at its two ends is higher.Due to the heating in the course of work, its conducting resistance also can increase in addition, so the voltage at its two ends can be higher.For the stability that guarantees that circuit is controlled when large electric current discharges and recharges for a long time, this scheme must be established highlyer by this fixed value.When little electric current discharges and recharges, originally do not need so high fixed value so, brought on the contrary unnecessary energy loss.
The utility model content
The utility model is the problems referred to above that will solve prior art, propose a kind of can be in battery charge and discharge process, according to the fluctuation of the voltage and current of battery, adjust in real time the rectifier output voltage, reach energy-saving and cost-reducing purpose charge-discharge control circuit.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme the utility model proposes is a kind of high efficiency charge-discharge control circuit of design, it comprises rectifier, charge-discharge circuit, the battery of series connection successively, it also comprises: the voltage sampling circuit be connected with battery respectively and current sampling circuit, with the control unit that voltage sampling circuit is connected with current sampling circuit, described control unit is connected with charge-discharge circuit with rectifier respectively.
Above-mentioned rectifier can comprise cathode output end and cathode output end, above-mentioned charge-discharge circuit comprises the anodal and charging negative pole of the charging of charging transistor, discharge transistor, current-limiting resistance, common port, reception rechargable battery, and wherein the drain electrode of charging transistor connects that cathode output end, source electrode connect common port, grid connects control unit the second control end; The drain electrode of discharge transistor connects that common port, source electrode connect cathode output end, grid connects control unit the 3rd control end; Current-limiting resistance is serially connected between common port and charging positive pole, and cathode output end connects the charging negative pole.
Above-mentioned voltage sampling circuit can comprise the 3rd operational amplifier, and it is anodal also by the 7th grounding through resistance that its normal phase input end connects charging by the 6th resistance, its its output of anti-phase input termination, its output termination control unit one input.
Above-mentioned current sampling circuit comprises the second operational amplifier, its normal phase input end connects common port and passes through the 4th grounding through resistance by the second resistance, its inverting input connects the charging positive pole and connects its output by the 5th resistance by the 3rd resistance, its another input of output termination control unit.
Above-mentioned rectifier comprises control end, cathode output end and cathode output end, between the control end of above-mentioned control unit and rectifier and cathode output end, is connected one drive circuit.
Above-mentioned drive circuit comprises: the first operational amplifier, be serially connected in the 8th resistance between the first operational amplifier inverting input and cathode output end, be serially connected in the tenth resistance between the first operational amplifier inverting input and ground, be connected on the 9th resistance and electric capacity between the first operational amplifier inverting input and output after connecting, the first operational amplifier normal phase input end connects control unit the first control end, and the first operational amplifier output terminal connects the rectifier control end.
Compared with prior art, the utility model can adapt to different battery types, in battery charge and discharge process, according to the fluctuation of the voltage and current of battery, adjusts in real time the rectifier output voltage, and the loss that makes to charge declines to a great extent; Circuit structure is simple, with low cost simultaneously, has wide market prospects.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a kind of basic charge-discharge control circuit block diagram in prior art;
Fig. 2 is a kind of block diagram of the charge-discharge control circuit with the energy feedback circuit in prior art;
Fig. 3 is the another kind of charge-discharge control circuit block diagram with the energy feedback circuit in prior art;
The theory diagram that Fig. 4 is the utility model preferred embodiment;
The circuit diagram that Fig. 5 is the utility model preferred embodiment;
Fig. 6 is a plurality of charge-discharge circuits of rectifier band and a plurality of battery applications schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is a plurality of charge-discharge circuits of a plurality of rectifier bands and a plurality of battery applications schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The utility model has disclosed a kind of high efficiency charge-discharge control circuit, referring to the theory diagram shown in Fig. 4, it comprises rectifier, charge-discharge circuit, the battery of series connection successively, and gather battery voltage signal voltage sampling circuit, connect voltage sampling circuit and described voltage signal carried out to the control unit of computing and then output control signal, described rectifier connects this control unit and adjusts output dc voltage according to described control signal.
In battery charge and discharge process, control unit gathers the information of voltage of battery in real time, according to certain software algorithm, calculates to obtain a rectifier optimum output voltage, the energy loss that this output voltage is corresponding minimum.Its formula is:
VR=VB+(RQ+RS+RL)*IMAX+VC…………………………………………（1）
VR: rectifier optimum output voltage
VB: cell voltage
RQ: current limliting transistor conduct resistance
RS: current-limiting resistance
RL: line resistance
IMAX: maximum (putting) electric current that fills
VC: the reserved voltage of retentive control allowance
Then controller, by any communication modes (comprising the drive circuit in claim 7) and rectifier communication, makes it export this voltage.Along with the passing that discharges and recharges the time, the voltage at battery two ends gradually changes, cell voltage Real-time Feedback magnitude of voltage, and controller is controlled rectifier and is changed the rectifier voltage output valve thereupon, minimum thereby energy loss drops to.
In preferred embodiment, also comprise the current sampling circuit of a collection battery current signal, described control unit connects this current sampling circuit, and described voltage signal and current signal are carried out computing and then export described control signal.Along with the passing in charging interval, battery charge reduces gradually, the charging current value of current sampling circuit Real-time Feedback battery, and controller, according to certain software algorithm, is calculated to obtain a rectifier optimum output voltage, the energy loss that this output voltage is corresponding minimum.Its formula is:
VR=VB+(RQ+RS+RL)*IO+VC……………………………………………（2）
VR: rectifier optimum output voltage
VB: cell voltage
RQ: current limliting transistor conduct resistance
RS: current-limiting resistance
RL: line resistance
IO: real-time filling (putting) electric current
VC: the reserved voltage of retentive control allowance
Contrast equation (1), (2), formula (1) is to have substituted real-time filling (putting) electric current with maximum (putting) electric current that fills, energy-saving effect is less than the control circuit adopted at belt current.With causing luxuriant existing scheme, compare, now energy-saving effect is substantially suitable, but its cost still has very large advantage.
In preferred embodiment, control unit also connects the control charge-discharge circuit.Referring to Fig. 5, rectifier comprises control end, cathode output end IN+ and cathode output end IN-, charge-discharge circuit comprises the anodal OUT+ of charging and the charging negative pole OUT-of charging transistor Q1, discharge transistor Q2, current-limiting resistance R1, common port COM, reception rechargable battery, and wherein the drain electrode of charging transistor Q1 connects that cathode output end IN+, source electrode meet common port COM, grid connects control unit U2 the second control end; The drain electrode of discharge transistor connects that common port COM, source electrode meet cathode output end IN-, grid connects control unit U2 the 3rd control end; Current-limiting resistance R1 is serially connected in OUT+ between common port and charging positive pole, and cathode output end IN-meets charging negative pole OUT-.
In preferred embodiment, voltage sampling circuit comprises the 3rd operational amplifier U3, and referring to Fig. 5, its normal phase input end meets the anodal OUT+ of charging and passes through the 7th resistance R 7 ground connection by the 6th resistance R 6, its its output of anti-phase input termination, its output termination control unit U4 mono-input.Described current sampling circuit comprises the second operational amplifier U2, its normal phase input end connects common port and passes through the 4th resistance R 4 ground connection by the second resistance R 2, its inverting input meets the anodal OUT+ of charging and connects its output by the 5th resistance R 5 by the 3rd resistance R 3, another input of its output termination control unit U4.
In preferred embodiment, rectifier comprises control end, rectifier comprises cathode output end IN+ and cathode output end IN-, between the control end of described control unit U4 and rectifier and cathode output end IN+, is connected one drive circuit.Fig. 5 shows a kind of embodiment of drive circuit, it comprises the first operational amplifier U1, be serially connected in the 8th resistance R 8 between the first operational amplifier U1 inverting input and cathode output end IN+, be serially connected in the tenth resistance R 10 between the first operational amplifier U1 inverting input and ground, be connected on the 9th resistance R 9 and the capacitor C 1 between the first operational amplifier U1 inverting input and output after connecting, the first operational amplifier U1 normal phase input end meets control unit U4 the first control end DAC1, the first operational amplifier U1 output termination rectifier control end.
The better embodiment shown in Fig. 5 of below take is example, further sets forth the utility model operation principle, and the 220V alternating current, through a direct voltage of conversion output of rectifier, provides energy source to the rear class charge-discharge circuit.Rectifier can be the electronic circuit of any routine, as full-bridge circuit, half-bridge circuit.But, in the utility model scheme, be characterized in that the output voltage values of rectifier is adjustable.U1, C1, R8, R9, R10 form a rectifier output closed-loop control circuit, and the normal phase input end of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the analog signal output of control unit U4.Therefore the output voltage of rectifier is that controlled unit U4 controls, and height is adjustable.The rectifier rear class is charge-discharge circuit, and wherein Q1 is the current limliting transistor of charging, and Q2 is the current limliting transistor of electric discharge, and R1 is the current-limiting resistance discharged and recharged, and the magnitude of voltage at its two ends has characterized the current value discharged and recharged, and therefore also claims current sampling resistor.Control unit U4 is exactly by controlling the conducting degree of Q1 or Q2, the voltage control at R1 two ends specifically being worth at one, thereby the charge or discharge Current Control specifically is worth at one.
Control unit U4 can be single-chip microcomputer, DSP etc., it can be also the combination of single-chip microcomputer, DSP etc., function is to discharge and recharge control with realization except controlling charging transistor Q1 and discharge transistor Q2, also by cell voltage, current sampling circuit, by the software algorithm of control unit U4 inside, export a voltage signal, this signal is as the control signal of rectifier output voltage, can adjust the rectifier output voltage, thereby reach energy-saving and cost-reducing purpose.
It may be noted that, provided the better embodiment of charge-discharge circuit and drive circuit in Fig. 5, the insider should recognize, embodiment is not limited to above given example, also have other functional module also can reach same function, do not breaking away from the application's general thought, and to its functional module carry out equivalent modifications or and replace, all should be contained among the application's claim scope.
With traditional scheme that discharges and recharges, compare, the utility model can reduce the energy loss of circuit greatly.Still for top that example:
If rectifier output voltage 6V, cell voltage 2V, electric current 10A, charge the battery so and altogether consume the power of 60W, but wherein have 40W all to consume with the form of heating.If but adopt this programme, if the output voltage of rectifier is carved at this moment and is reduced to 3V, the loss of energy has become 10W by 40W, energy-conservation 75%!
Compare 2 advantages of this programme with causing luxuriant existing scheme:
1. with low cost, without complicated closed-loop control;
2. energy-saving effect is remarkable, suppose that circuit needs the rectifier output voltage is reduced to 1V in the maximum current situation, if with causing luxuriant existing scheme, because its control is fixed value, therefore no matter much electric currents, on current limliting transistor and current-limiting resistance, must be all the voltage of 1V, our scheme can be adjusted in real time according to the difference of size of current.Equally with top example:
Cell voltage 2V, electric current 10A, cause luxuriant scheme the rectifier output voltage be adjusted to 3V.If, at certain production link, electric current has become 5A, cause luxuriant scheme and still the rectifier output voltage is adjusted to 3V, corresponding circuit loss is:
1V*5A=5W
And the utility model can be adjusted to the rectifier output voltage 2.5V with this understanding, corresponding circuit loss is:
0.5V*5A=2.5W
Energy-conservation also reach 50%!
And this rough algorithm also do not comprise the loss in circuit, cause luxuriant scheme and be can't these are parasitic loss take into account, the utility model scheme can consider the loss of circuit in the lump in software algorithm, energy-saving effect is better obviously.
The utility model scheme can be generalized to the occasion of a plurality of rectifiers, a plurality of charge-discharge circuit and a plurality of batteries, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7: Figure 6 shows that n charge-discharge circuit of a rectifier band and n battery, now need to gather the voltage and current of n battery, calculate rectifier optimum output voltage value by aforementioned same software algorithm, be handed down to rectifier and carry out.Figure 7 shows that m rectifier parallel connection, after wear n charge-discharge circuit and n battery, now equally need to gather the voltage and current of n battery, the maximum of getting voltage and current, calculate rectifier optimum output voltage value by aforementioned same software algorithm.Due to a plurality of rectifiers being arranged, and the output of each rectifier is connected in parallel, and output voltage must be consistent, so control unit need be handed down to voltage signal all rectifiers and carries out.
Above embodiment is only for illustrating, non-providing constraints.Anyly do not break away from the application's spirit and category, and the equivalent modifications that it is carried out or change, within all should being contained in the application's claim scope.
Claims (6)
1. a high efficiency charge-discharge control circuit, it comprises rectifier, charge-discharge circuit, the battery of series connection successively, characterized by further comprising: the voltage sampling circuit be connected with battery respectively and current sampling circuit, with the control unit that voltage sampling circuit is connected with current sampling circuit, described control unit is connected with charge-discharge circuit with rectifier respectively.
2. high efficiency charge-discharge control circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rectifier comprises cathode output end and cathode output end, described charge-discharge circuit comprises charging positive pole and the charging negative pole of charging transistor, discharge transistor, current-limiting resistance, common port, reception rechargable battery
Wherein the drain electrode of charging transistor connects that cathode output end, source electrode connect common port, grid connects control unit the second control end;
The drain electrode of discharge transistor connects that common port, source electrode connect cathode output end, grid connects control unit the 3rd control end;
Current-limiting resistance is serially connected between common port and charging positive pole, and cathode output end connects the charging negative pole.
3. high efficiency charge-discharge control circuit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described voltage sampling circuit comprises the 3rd operational amplifier, it is anodal also by the 7th grounding through resistance that its normal phase input end connects charging by the 6th resistance, its its output of anti-phase input termination, its output termination control unit one input.
4. high efficiency charge-discharge control circuit as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described current sampling circuit comprises the second operational amplifier, its normal phase input end connects common port and passes through the 4th grounding through resistance by the second resistance, its inverting input connects the charging positive pole and connects its output by the 5th resistance by the 3rd resistance, its another input of output termination control unit.
5. high efficiency charge-discharge control circuit as described as claim 1 to 4 any one, it is characterized in that: described rectifier comprises control end, cathode output end and cathode output end, between the control end of described control unit and rectifier and cathode output end, is connected one drive circuit.
6. high efficiency charge-discharge control circuit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described drive circuit comprises: the first operational amplifier, be serially connected in the 8th resistance between the first operational amplifier inverting input and cathode output end, be serially connected in the tenth resistance between the first operational amplifier inverting input and ground, be connected on the 9th resistance and electric capacity between the first operational amplifier inverting input and output after connecting, the first operational amplifier normal phase input end connects control unit the first control end, and the first operational amplifier output terminal connects the rectifier control end.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012201653228U CN202957639U (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | High-efficiency charging and discharging control circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012201653228U CN202957639U (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | High-efficiency charging and discharging control circuit |
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| CN202957639U true CN202957639U (en) | 2013-05-29 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103354375A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-16 | 徐行广 | Power supply management system and method thereof |
| CN104218649A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 湖南森泰节能科技有限公司 | Battery charging and discharging device and management circuit |
| CN108599279A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2018-09-28 | 三星电子株式会社 | Wireless power sending device for high efficiency energy charging |
-
2012
- 2012-04-18 CN CN2012201653228U patent/CN202957639U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108599279A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2018-09-28 | 三星电子株式会社 | Wireless power sending device for high efficiency energy charging |
| CN103354375A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-16 | 徐行广 | Power supply management system and method thereof |
| CN104218649A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 湖南森泰节能科技有限公司 | Battery charging and discharging device and management circuit |
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Owner name: DONGGUAN GUANJIA ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: WANG YUEHUI Effective date: 20140305 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 518000 SHENZHEN, GUANGDONG PROVINCE TO: 523710 DONGGUAN, GUANGDONG PROVINCE |
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Effective date of registration: 20140305 Address after: 523710, No. 7, Putian Road, Pu Long Lake Industrial District, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, Guangdong Patentee after: Dongguan Guanjia Electronic Equipment Co., Ltd. Address before: 518000 27F, 1 Garden East Garden, Futian District, Guangdong, Shenzhen Patentee before: Wang Yuehui |
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