CN202956187U - Short-wave infrared day and night long-distance multispectral imager - Google Patents
Short-wave infrared day and night long-distance multispectral imager Download PDFInfo
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- CN202956187U CN202956187U CN 201220652361 CN201220652361U CN202956187U CN 202956187 U CN202956187 U CN 202956187U CN 201220652361 CN201220652361 CN 201220652361 CN 201220652361 U CN201220652361 U CN 201220652361U CN 202956187 U CN202956187 U CN 202956187U
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Abstract
本专利公开了一种短波红外昼夜远距离多光谱成像仪，包括短波红外镜头、滤光片轮、探测器组件、探测器驱动与信息获取电路、滤光片轮驱动电机、主控系统、大功率可调谐激光器、图像存储器、通信接口以及远程计算机。光信号经过短波红外镜头后，由滤光片轮实现分光，之后的探测器组件及电子学部分完成光电转换和图像数据采集，输出图像。夜间，激光器根据当前成像波段，输出相应波长的激光进行照明，配合滤光片轮完成多光谱成像。该仪器利用短波红外良好的大气透过特性，进行远距离多光谱观测；辅以人眼不可见的短波红外大功率可调谐激光对相应波段进行照明，实现夜间成像。
This patent discloses a short-wave infrared day and night long-distance multi-spectral imager, including a short-wave infrared lens, a filter wheel, a detector assembly, a detector drive and information acquisition circuit, a filter wheel drive motor, a main control system, a large Power tunable laser, image memory, communication interface, and remote computer. After the optical signal passes through the short-wave infrared lens, the light is split by the filter wheel, and then the detector components and electronic parts complete the photoelectric conversion and image data acquisition, and output the image. At night, the laser outputs laser light of the corresponding wavelength for illumination according to the current imaging band, and cooperates with the filter wheel to complete multi-spectral imaging. The instrument uses the good atmospheric transmission characteristics of short-wave infrared to carry out long-distance multi-spectral observation; supplemented by short-wave infrared high-power tunable lasers that are invisible to the human eye to illuminate the corresponding bands to achieve night imaging.
Description
Technical field:
This patent relates to a kind of multi-spectral imager, is specifically related to a kind of active short-wave infrared remote multi-spectral imager round the clock.
Background technology:
The service band of short-wave infrared imager is generally at 0.9 μ m ~ 2.5 μ m, and its image-forming principle is identical with the human eye visual light imaging, is all the captured target reflected light, so its imaging effect approaches visual imaging, the target identification while being easy to monitor in real time.Much atural object has abundant spectral characteristic at short infrared wave band, so carry out multispectral imaging at this spectral coverage, effectively realize target identification.
Short-wave infrared is long than visible wavelength, be subject to the less that affects of atmosphere, gasoloid and molecule, so atmospheric transmittance is higher, and observed range is far away, and possesses the ability that necessarily penetrates smog.
The light source of the imaging system imaging on daytime of captured target reflected light signal is sunshine, and nighttime imaging relies on night-glow of the sky and instrument self illumination.The night-glow of the sky energy of short infrared wave band is significantly higher than its all band, is suitable for night vision.The general illumination lamp matched, such as infrared searchlight, LED etc., is applicable to closely observation, and will bring into play the characteristic of short-wave infrared long-range detection, extends the night-time observation distance, and, converging property good laser large with regard to needs selection energy is thrown light on.And short-wave infrared laser can not be the human eye finding, makes instrument that very strong disguise be arranged.
The spectral detection device such as existing short-wave infrared multispectral camera or imaging spectrometer, all can only utilize sunshine to realize daylight observation, can not be for the occasion that need to monitor round the clock.And the instrument of the imaging of radiothermy infrared laser illumination at present, although can realize simple nighttime imaging function, common lasers is monochromation illumination, in the explorer response wave band, the signal of other wavelength can only rely on the night-glow of the sky acquisition, very faint.So what instrument caught is the clutter reflections signal of a certain specific wavelength, information is abundant, runs into that low target just is difficult to observation in this wavelength albedo just.Simultaneously, this quasi-instrument, without light-dividing device, can't be realized multispectral imaging, carries out effective target identification.
Summary of the invention:
This patent has proposed a kind of remote multispectral imaging instrument of short-wave infrared that can work double tides.
As shown in Figure 1, system comprises that short-wave infrared camera lens, optical filter wheel, detector assembly, detector drive and acquisition of information circuit, optical filter wheel drive motor, master control system, high-power tunable laser, video memory, communication interface and remote computer.
The described optical filter wheel of the beam splitter of this instrument is placed between short-wave infrared camera lens and detector assembly, realize the switching between different spectral coverage by rotation, carry 4-8 bandpass filter on wheel, concrete number is determined by multispectral application demand, the passband wave band of optical filter is distributed in the wave band that needs imaging between 0.9 μ m ~ 2.5 μ m, the optical filter wheel drive motor adopts stepper motor or direct current generator, it drives optical filter and rotates, the switching wave band, motor is equipped with driver or driving circuit, and configure as required hall device or rotary transformer as motor locating device,
Described detector drives with the acquisition of information circuit and comprises bias voltage supply, detector driving, collection of simulant signal and A/D conversion, and detector drives the data acquisition after sequential and A/D conversion to be completed by CPLD or fpga logic chip;
Described master control system is the main logic control part of this instrument, adopt single-chip microcomputer, DSP or fpga logic control chip, its Major Function comprises configuration detector running parameter, receive and forward view data, controlling the optical filter wheel drive motor is rotated, configure high-power tunable laser running parameter, with communication interface exchange command and data;
Described its emission wavelength of high-power tunable laser is adjustable at whole imaging spectral coverage, and the illumination light wavelength should be avoided the Atmospheric Absorption peak simultaneously, and the illumination angle of divergence is identical with the imaging viewing field angle;
Described video memory for the storage of instrument internal image is high-speed high capacity RAM;
Described communication interface is responsible for forwarding remote computer instruction and instrument state information and view data, selects according to demand wired or wireless interface, and communication protocol adopts RS422;
During instrument imaging on daytime, the target reflected sunlight produces light signal; During nighttime imaging, high-power tunable laser is sent illumination light, after the target reflection, produces the target light signal; Light signal enters instrument short-wave infrared camera lens, be equipped with optical filter wheel between camera lens and detector, light signal is after on third wheel, certain optical filter filters, enter detector and complete opto-electronic conversion, electric signal is after acquisition of information circuit and master control system, be stored in video memory, last view data is sent into remote computer through master control system and communication interface.
During the daytime imaging, solar energy is strong, and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) can guarantee.And the night imaging relies on the laser lighting imaging, signal relatively a little less than.Therefore high-power tunable laser only possesses above-mentioned condition and could realize remote multispectral imaging, can adopt the Nd:YAG laser instrument to coordinate OPO to realize.Suppose shoot laser single pulse energy 200mJ, observation wavelength 2.1 μ m, laser beam divergence equals field angle, is 50mrad, instantaneous field of view angle 0.1mrad, target albedo 0.3, quantum efficiency 0.7, detector equivalent noise 50e-, observed range 5km.Through atmospheric characteristic analysis and theoretical calculating, if do not consider night-glow of the sky, the single image signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is about 36 left and right.In fact, although that night-glow of the sky is compared with laser lighting is very faint, the night-glow of the sky energy of short infrared wave band is much larger than its all band, and therefore actual signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) can be higher.
System formation method on daytime step is as follows:
1), remote computer assigns instruction, master control system is according to instruction configuration detector running parameter;
2), detector assembly completes initial configuration, as the need refrigeration first completes refrigeration;
3), master control system controls the optical filter wheel drive motor, and optical filter wheel is resetted, the optical filter that now initial wave band is corresponding is between camera lens and detector;
4), master control system assigns and takes order, detector is taken a two field picture, master control system drives the picture signal that receives initial wave band with the acquisition of information circuit from detector, be stored in video memory;
5), according to next imaging wave band change detector assembly configuration parameter;
6), master control system controls the optical filter wheel drive motor, and optical filter wheel is switched to next wave band;
7), master control system assigns and takes order, detector is taken a two field picture, master control system drives the picture signal that receives this wave band with the acquisition of information circuit from detector, be stored in video memory;
8), repeating step 5), step 6) and step 7) three steps, until all wave band imagings are complete;
9), master control system sends status information and view data by communication interface to remote computer;
System nighttime imaging method step is as follows:
1), carry out formation method step 1 on daytime) to step 3);
2), master control system is by the laser control interface, the luminous wave band that configures high-power tunable laser is the initial wave band of observation;
3), master control system assigns and takes order, detector starts integration;
4), after detector starts integration, master control system, by the laser control interface, is controlled high-power tunable laser and is sent pulse laser;
5), master control system drives the picture signal that receives initial wave band with the acquisition of information circuit from detector, be stored in video memory;
6), according to next imaging wave band change detector assembly configuration parameter;
7), master control system controls the optical filter wheel drive motor, and optical filter wheel is switched to next wave band;
8), master control system is by the laser control interface, configures the luminous wave band of high-power tunable laser to next wave band;
9), master control system assigns and takes order, detector starts integration;
10), after detector starts integration, master control system, by the laser control interface, is controlled high-power tunable laser and is sent pulse laser;
11), master control system drives the picture signal that receives this wave band with the acquisition of information circuit from detector, be stored in video memory;
12), repeating step 6) to step 11), until all wave band imagings are complete;
13), master control system sends status information and view data by communication interface to remote computer.
This patent is suitable for the continuum monitoring round the clock for a long time of stable platform, and night, short-wave infrared laser can not be by the human eye finding, so instrument has certain disguise.Adopt high power laser to be thrown light on, the atmosphere that can give full play to short infrared wave band sees through characteristic.The wide vapor permeability of short-wave infrared is high, is all less of illumination light or the decay of flashlight, so can realizes far observed range night.As install the laser ranging module additional and can also realize the imaging of finding range.
This patent is suitable for being placed in high tower, roof equal-height position, coordinates two-dimensional pan-tilt or points to mirror and carry out Multi-azimuth monitoring, also is suitable for carrying dirigible and carries out area monitoring.Multispectral observation round the clock can obtain the spectral information of guarded region target, accurately identifies in time.
The accompanying drawing explanation:
The general diagram that accompanying drawing 1 is this patent.
The structural representation (vertical view) that accompanying drawing 2 is the listed embodiment of this patent.
Embodiment:
According to patent content, the present embodiment has built a short-wave infrared remote multi-spectral imager round the clock, and its structural representation as shown in Figure 2.The system chart of showing according to patent figures 1, instrument comprises:
Short-wave infrared camera lens: according to observed range and resolution, determine the parameters such as camera lens aperture and focal length.The present embodiment adopts the OB-SWIR300/3.5 of Italian OPTEC company, focal length 300mm, and F several 3.5.
Optical filter wheel: select the wave band number according to the spectrum observation demand, take turns all optical filtering film perforations position and determine according to the optical filter size.The present embodiment adopts the short-wave infrared optical filter of SPECTROGON company, selects 6 wave bands at 0.9 μ m ~ 2.5 μ m, so optical filter wheel should have 6 optical filtering film perforation positions.
Detector assembly: the short-wave infrared detector is selected the high sensitivity planar array detector, improves the night-time observation performance.The present embodiment is selected 500 * 256 MCT detectors of French Sofradir company.
Detector drives and the acquisition of information circuit: comprise bias voltage supply, detector driving, collection of simulant signal and A/D conversion.Logic chip adopts the Spartan6-FTG256-LX16 of Xilinx company, is responsible for receiving the instruction of master control system, and forwards to master control system the data that the A/D chip transmits.
The optical filter wheel drive motor: according to the required moment of inertia of optical filter wheel and control mode, determine, the present embodiment adopts the 42BYG 1.8 degree two-phase stepping motors of Beijing Si Hong company.Locator meams adopts the Hall switch location.
Master control system: master control system should adopt the high speed logic chips such as single-chip microcomputer, DSP, FPGA, and the present embodiment adopts the Vertex2 Pro-XC2VP40 of Xilinx company.Master control system, from communication interface obtains instruction, drives with Information Acquisition System and forwards the corresponding command to detector, specifically adopts LVDS level and RS422 agreement.Master control system receives the Hall orientation signal, to stepper motor driving circuit, supplies with sequential, by driving circuit, commands motor rotation.Master control system is used hereinafter described laser instrument to carry interface, configures high-power tunable laser, controls it and carries out work.Master control system drives the data-signal of sending with the acquisition of information module by LVDS interface pick-up probe, by its storage and video memory.
High-power tunable laser: the present embodiment adopts the Quanta-Ray Pro Nd:YAG laser instrument of Newport company as pump light, versaScan OPO with company carries out the magic eye amplification, this combination can realize tunable laser output in the 410nm-2550nm scope, angle of divergence 4-10mrad, single pulse energy 195mJ, be equipped with night-glow of the sky and can meet remote multispectral imaging demand.During installation, the laser emitting axle is parallel with the imaging axis calibration.In this example, for making compact conformation, pump light has been done turnover; Because the angle of divergence of OPO outgoing is less than field angle, therefore at the OPO output terminal, install a beam expanding lens additional in addition, make the emergent light angle of divergence equal field angle 50mrad.
Video memory: storer is wanted to store one and is taken turns image, and speed will meet detector image-forming speed.The present embodiment adopts the 64Mbit high-speed RAM.
Communication interface: communication interface comprises order transmission and data transmission.Can be divided into two separate hardware interfaces, also can share.The present embodiment communication interface and number pass on interface hardware independent, use respectively a RS422 interface to be connected with remote computer.All adopt the RS422 agreement on software, but the baud rate of Data Channel is higher, to meet the requirement of mass data transmission.If instrument is for dirigible, or the occasion such as mountain top, need to install wireless communication module additional and carry out wireless communication.
Remote computer: this computing machine is general high-performance PC, wherein writes related communication software is installed.Install the card extender that RS422 turns serial ports before computing machine additional.The present embodiment is used VC6.0 to write respectively order and sends software and data receiver software, realizes that serial communication and serial data obtain.
The present embodiment also comprises power management module, and input power is direct current 28V, by DC-DC, divides for various piece, by the master control system operational relay, controls the power on/off of various piece.
System by day, during the night imaging, complete multispectral imaging according to the workflow in patent content respectively.
Claims (1)
1. a short-wave infrared remote multi-spectral imager round the clock, comprise that short-wave infrared camera lens, optical filter wheel, detector assembly, detector drive and acquisition of information circuit, optical filter wheel drive motor, master control system, high-power tunable laser, video memory, communication interface and remote computer, is characterized in that:
The described optical filter wheel of the beam splitter of this instrument is placed between short-wave infrared camera lens and detector assembly, realize the switching between different spectral coverage by rotation, carry 4-8 bandpass filter on wheel, concrete number is determined by multispectral application demand, the passband wave band of optical filter is distributed in the wave band that needs imaging between 0.9 μ m ~ 2.5 μ m, the optical filter wheel drive motor adopts stepper motor or direct current generator, it drives optical filter and rotates, the switching wave band, motor is equipped with driver or driving circuit, and configure as required hall device or rotary transformer as motor locating device,
Described detector drives with the acquisition of information circuit and comprises bias voltage supply, detector driving, collection of simulant signal and A/D conversion, and detector drives the data acquisition after sequential and A/D conversion to be completed by CPLD or fpga logic chip;
Described master control system is the main logic control part of this instrument, adopt single-chip microcomputer, DSP or fpga logic control chip, its Major Function comprises configuration detector running parameter, receive and forward view data, controlling the optical filter wheel drive motor is rotated, configure high-power tunable laser running parameter, with communication interface exchange command and data;
Described its emission wavelength of high-power tunable laser is adjustable at whole imaging spectral coverage, and the illumination light wavelength should be avoided the Atmospheric Absorption peak simultaneously, and the illumination angle of divergence is identical with the imaging viewing field angle;
Described video memory for the storage of instrument internal image is high-speed high capacity RAM;
Described communication interface is responsible for forwarding remote computer instruction and instrument state information and view data, selects according to demand wired or wireless interface, and communication protocol adopts RS422;
During instrument imaging on daytime, the target reflected sunlight produces light signal; During nighttime imaging, high-power tunable laser is sent illumination light, after the target reflection, produces the target light signal; Light signal enters instrument short-wave infrared camera lens, be equipped with optical filter wheel between camera lens and detector, light signal is after on third wheel, certain optical filter filters, enter detector and complete opto-electronic conversion, electric signal is after acquisition of information circuit and master control system, be stored in video memory, last view data is sent into remote computer through master control system and communication interface.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102997996A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-03-27 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Shortwave infrared day and night remote multispectral imager and imaging method |
| CN106404176A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-02-15 | 长春工业大学 | Spectrum detection device and method based on integrated device |
| CN106725349A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉迅微光电技术有限公司 | A kind of dermoscopy of detectable blood flow |
| CN111175965A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-19 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | An infrared imaging system and imaging method based on filter wheel rotation imaging |
| CN112213732A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-12 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | A day and night reconnaissance ranging device based on InGaAs focal plane detection |
| CN113237559A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multispectral radiation temperature measuring device and using method |
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2012
- 2012-11-30 CN CN 201220652361 patent/CN202956187U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102997996A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-03-27 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Shortwave infrared day and night remote multispectral imager and imaging method |
| CN106404176A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-02-15 | 长春工业大学 | Spectrum detection device and method based on integrated device |
| CN106725349A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉迅微光电技术有限公司 | A kind of dermoscopy of detectable blood flow |
| CN111175965A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-19 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | An infrared imaging system and imaging method based on filter wheel rotation imaging |
| CN111175965B (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2023-05-09 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Infrared imaging system and method based on optical filter wheel rotation imaging |
| CN112213732A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-12 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | A day and night reconnaissance ranging device based on InGaAs focal plane detection |
| CN112213732B (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2023-07-18 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | A day and night reconnaissance and ranging device based on InGaAs focal plane detection |
| CN113237559A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multispectral radiation temperature measuring device and using method |
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