CN202935548U - Hourglass type ocean engineering floating structure - Google Patents

Hourglass type ocean engineering floating structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202935548U
CN202935548U CN 201220526277 CN201220526277U CN202935548U CN 202935548 U CN202935548 U CN 202935548U CN 201220526277 CN201220526277 CN 201220526277 CN 201220526277 U CN201220526277 U CN 201220526277U CN 202935548 U CN202935548 U CN 202935548U
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floating
hourglass
floating structure
structure body
further characterized
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黄一
王文华
姚宇鑫
刘刚
张琦
李红霞
陈景杰
翟刚军
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a sandglass-shaped floating structure for ocean engineering, which is provided with an upper structure body which is a round table or a prismoid and a lower structure body which is a right round table or a prismoid; in a combined state, the bottom surface with the smaller area of the upper structure body is fixedly connected with the bottom surface with the smaller area of the lower structure body to form a connecting surface; the axes of the upper structure body and the lower structure body are positioned on the same straight line, the bottom with larger area of the upper structure body is an upper deck of the floating structure, and the bottom with larger area of the lower structure body is a lower bottom plate of the floating structure under water; the connecting surface is a full-load water line surface of the floating structure. Compared with the traditional drilling and production platform, the floating platform has larger oil storage space and better movement performance compared with the traditional oil storage ship type FPSO. Therefore, the utility model provides an ocean engineering floating structure is favorable to realizing the multi-functional integration such as the drilling, exploitation, storage, production, processing and the export of the extensive oil gas in various sea areas, has better economic benefits.

Description

沙漏型海洋工程浮式结构物Hourglass-shaped marine engineering floating structure

技术领域 technical field

本实用新型涉及专利分类号B63船舶或其他水上船只;与船有关的设备B63B船舶或其他水上船只;船用设备B63B35/00适合于专门用途的船舶或类似的浮动结构B63B35/44浮式建筑物,水上舱库,水上钻井平台或水上车间,例如载有油水分离设备的。  The utility model relates to patent classification number B63 ships or other water vessels; ship-related equipment B63B ships or other water vessels; marine equipment B63B35/00 suitable for special-purpose ships or similar floating structures B63B35/44 floating buildings, Water tanks, water drilling platforms or water workshops, such as those carrying oil-water separation equipment. the

背景技术 Background technique

在海洋工程领域,无论是从浅水域油气开采的经济性,还是从深水和超深水域油田开发的必要性考虑,均需要使用相应规模的浮式结构物。此外,随着呈现多功能一体化和向深海发展的趋势,浮式结构物不仅需要具有足够舱容和甲板面积来承载开采和生产所必需的油气和设备,而且需要具有良好的运动性能以承受深海恶劣的风浪流等环境载荷的联合作用。现有的浮式结构物主要包括以下几种:  In the field of marine engineering, no matter from the economics of oil and gas exploitation in shallow waters, or from the necessity of oilfield development in deep waters and ultra-deep waters, it is necessary to use floating structures of corresponding scale. In addition, with the trend of multi-functional integration and deep-sea development, floating structures not only need to have sufficient tank capacity and deck area to carry oil, gas and equipment necessary for mining and production, but also need to have good motion performance to withstand The combined effect of environmental loads such as severe wind, wave and current in the deep sea. The existing floating structures mainly include the following types:

半潜式浮式结构物是大部分浮体沉没于水中的一种多体小水线面的移动式平台,由平台本体、立柱和下体或浮箱组成。其优势是,系泊之后能够基本保持稳定位置并且在环境载荷作用下具有较小的运动幅值。但是,半潜式浮式结构物承载能力有限且舱容空间较小,这限制了大规模油气的储存和必需设备的安装。即使采用配置油罐的方法,又会占用大量甲板面积并引起负载分布不均等问题。因此,传统半潜式浮式结构物难以实现大规模油气开采、储存、生产、加工和外输一体化。  The semi-submersible floating structure is a multi-body mobile platform with a small waterline surface where most of the floating body is submerged in the water. It is composed of a platform body, a column and a lower body or a floating tank. Its advantage is that it can basically maintain a stable position after mooring and has a small movement amplitude under the action of environmental loads. However, the semi-submersible floating structure has limited carrying capacity and small tank space, which limits the large-scale storage of oil and gas and the installation of necessary equipment. Even if the method of configuring oil tanks is adopted, it will occupy a large amount of deck area and cause problems such as uneven load distribution. Therefore, it is difficult for traditional semi-submersible floating structures to realize the integration of large-scale oil and gas exploration, storage, production, processing and export. the

SPAR单柱型浮式结构大部分都是浮筒。主体是单圆柱结构,垂直悬浮于水中,特别适宜于深水作业。这种类型的结构可以用以深水油气开发并且运动稳定、安全性良好。然而,其缺点是深吃水受海流影响较大、拖运比较困难、并且容纳设备和储存油气的体积和甲板面积很小,这些缺点都不同程度地限制了此类结构多功能一体化的开展。  Most of the SPAR single-column floating structures are buoys. The main body is a single cylindrical structure, suspended vertically in the water, especially suitable for deep water operations. This type of structure can be used for deep water oil and gas development with stable movement and good safety. However, its disadvantages are that the deep draft is greatly affected by ocean currents, it is difficult to tow, and the volume and deck area for accommodating equipment and storing oil and gas are small. These shortcomings limit the development of multifunctional integration of this type of structure to varying degrees. the

传统船型FPSO一般是通过旧油船改造而成,或者是遵循标准船舶理念设计和建造的驳船型浮式生产储油单元。目前技术较为成熟,可以用以大规模油气的开采,储存和生产。但是,这种船型浮体的水动力性能存在如下局限和不足: 传统船型FPSO的垂荡自然周期很难远离波能集中区域,垂荡运动幅度较大。此外,船型FPSO对波浪的作用方向非常敏感,横向迎浪面积过大,因此横摇运动性能较差。这些都会严重影响FPSO各种设备与仪器的正常工作、生产原油的质量和人员的舒适性等。虽然配置内转塔和流体接头的单点系泊系统能够使传统船型FPSO具有360°全方位自由旋转的风向标效应,但是船型FPSO较为剧烈的首摇运动不仅会影响到许多作业的正常进行,而且还会严重磨损内转塔和流体接头,使其需要经常维修和保养。因此,内转塔和流体接头自身昂贵的价格,以及潜在停工期的存在,都会大幅度增加生产成本。  Traditional ship-type FPSOs are generally transformed from old oil tankers, or barge-type floating production storage units designed and built following standard ship concepts. The current technology is relatively mature and can be used for large-scale oil and gas exploration, storage and production. However, the hydrodynamic performance of this ship-type floating body has the following limitations and deficiencies: The natural period of the heave of the traditional ship-type FPSO is difficult to stay away from the area where the wave energy is concentrated, and the heave motion range is relatively large. In addition, the ship-type FPSO is very sensitive to the direction of wave action, and the transverse head wave area is too large, so the rolling motion performance is poor. These will seriously affect the normal operation of various equipment and instruments of FPSO, the quality of crude oil produced and the comfort of personnel. Although the single point mooring system with internal turrets and fluid joints can enable the traditional ship-type FPSO to have a 360° all-round free-rotating windvane effect, the relatively severe yaw movement of the ship-type FPSO will not only affect the normal operation of many operations, but also It also severely wears the inner turret and fluid fittings, making them require frequent repair and maintenance. Therefore, the expensive price of the internal turret and fluid connection itself, as well as the existence of potential downtime, will greatly increase the production cost. the

圆筒型FPSO主体为系泊于海底的浮式圆柱型结构。此类结构具有大规模储存和生产油气的能力、对风浪流的方向性不敏感、并且首摇运动幅值较小。但是,同时其性能存在缺点:浮体垂荡运动幅度较大,容易引发涡激振动,甲板面积较小,居住和工作空间太近,不利于危险区与非危险区分离等。  The main body of the cylindrical FPSO is a floating cylindrical structure moored to the seabed. This type of structure has the ability to store and produce oil and gas on a large scale, is insensitive to the directionality of wind, wave and current, and has a small yaw motion amplitude. However, at the same time, there are disadvantages in its performance: the heaving motion of the floating body is large, which is easy to cause vortex-induced vibration, the deck area is small, the living and working spaces are too close, and it is not conducive to the separation of dangerous areas and non-dangerous areas. the

实用新型内容 Utility model content

针对以上问题,本实用新型提出了一种沙漏型海洋工程浮式结构物,具有一个为圆台或棱台的上部结构体和一个为正圆台或正棱台的下部结构体;组合状态下,所述上部结构体面积较小的底面与所述下部结构体面积较小的底面固定连接,形成连接面;所述上部结构体与下部结构体的轴位于同一直线上,上部结构物面积较大的底为浮式结构物的上甲板,下部结构物面积较大的底为浮式结构物处于水下的下底板;所述连接面为浮式结构物的满载水线面,结构物的主体与沙漏形状相似,以满载水线面为沙漏中间水平横截面,向上、下部结构体分别具有外扩倾角;结构体的不同水平横截面沿各方向的特征尺度相近,所述不同横截面为圆形或正多边形。所述下部结构物的外表面连接有增加浮体纵/横摇和垂荡阻尼的环形侧板。  In view of the above problems, the utility model proposes an hourglass-shaped marine engineering floating structure, which has an upper structure body of a circular truss or a prism truss and a lower structure of a perfect circular truss or a prism truss; The bottom surface of the upper structure with a small area is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the lower structure with a small area to form a connection surface; the axes of the upper structure and the lower structure are on the same straight line, and the upper structure with a larger area The bottom is the upper deck of the floating structure, and the bottom with a larger area of the lower structure is the lower floor of the floating structure under water; the connection surface is the fully loaded waterline surface of the floating structure, and the main body of the structure and The shape of the hourglass is similar, with the full-load waterline plane as the middle horizontal cross-section of the hourglass, and the upper and lower structures respectively have outward expansion angles; the characteristic scales of different horizontal cross-sections of the structures are similar in each direction, and the different cross-sections are circular or regular polygons. The outer surface of the lower structure is connected with an annular side plate that increases the pitch/roll and heave damping of the floating body. the

所述上部结构体的内部具有与其高度一致的中央舱I,在中央舱I的周边设有多个环绕该中央舱的水密舱,所述多个水密舱分别固定连接上部结构体外壳的内壁与中央舱I的外壁;下部结构体的内部具有与其高度一致的中央舱II,在中央舱II的四周设有多个环绕该中央舱的水密舱,所述多个水密舱分别固定连接下部结构体外壳的内壁与中央舱II的外壁。  The interior of the superstructure body has a central cabin 1 consistent with its height, and a plurality of watertight cabins surrounding the central cabin are arranged on the periphery of the central cabin 1, and the plurality of watertight cabins are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper structure body shell and The outer wall of the central cabin I; the interior of the lower structure has a central cabin II of the same height, and a plurality of watertight cabins surrounding the central cabin are arranged around the central cabin II, and the plurality of watertight cabins are respectively fixedly connected to the lower structure The inner wall of the shell and the outer wall of the central compartment II. the

所述相连通的中央舱I和中央舱II形成与海水相连通的月池。  The connected central cabin I and central cabin II form a moon pool that communicates with seawater. the

多个设置于结构物主体外部的支撑柱,支撑柱的两端分别与所述上部结构体和下部结构体固定连接。  A plurality of supporting columns are arranged outside the main body of the structure, and the two ends of the supporting columns are fixedly connected with the upper structure and the lower structure respectively. the

所述每根支撑柱与结构物的轴位于同一平面。  Each support column is located on the same plane as the axis of the structure. the

所述每根支撑柱的长度一致,所述多根支撑柱位于上结构体固定端位于同一平面上,多跟支撑柱位于下结构体的固定端位于同一平面上;相邻的两根支撑柱构成一等腰三角形。  The length of each support column is the same, the fixed ends of the multiple support columns located on the upper structure are on the same plane, and the fixed ends of the multiple support columns located on the lower structure are located on the same plane; two adjacent support columns form an isosceles triangle. the

所述上部结构体为:母线为曲线、折线或曲线与折线结合的圆台或侧棱为曲线、折线或曲线与折线结合的棱台。  The upper structure is: the generatrix is a curve, a broken line or a circular frustum with a combination of a curve and a broken line; or the side edge is a curve, a broken line or a combination of a curve and a broken line. the

所述下部结构体为:母线为曲线、折线或曲线与折线结合的正圆台或侧棱为曲线、折线或曲线与折线结合的正棱台。  The lower structure is: the generatrix is a perfect circular truncated curve, broken line or a combination of curves and broken lines; the

所述连接面为浮式结构物的水线面。  The connecting surface is the waterline surface of the floating structure. the

所述浮式结构物为双壳结构。  The floating structure is a double-hull structure. the

由于采用了上述技术方案,本实用新型提供的海洋工程浮式结构物,通过一种简单的结构实现了,与传统钻采平台相比具有较大的储油空间,与传统储油船式FPSO相比又具有较好的运动性能。所以,本实用新型提出的海洋工程浮式结构物有利于实现各种海域大规模油气的钻井、开采、储存、生产、加工和外输等多功能一体化,具有较好的经济效益。  Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the marine engineering floating structure provided by the utility model is realized through a simple structure. Compared with the traditional drilling and production platform, it has a larger oil storage space. It also has better sports performance. Therefore, the marine engineering floating structure proposed by the utility model is beneficial to realize the multifunctional integration of drilling, exploitation, storage, production, processing and export of large-scale oil and gas in various sea areas, and has good economic benefits. the

附图说明 Description of drawings

为了更清楚的说明本实用新型的实施例或现有技术的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图做一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。  In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings are only some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work. the

图1为沙漏型海洋工程浮式结构物示意图  Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an hourglass-shaped offshore engineering floating structure

图2为A-A圆形或正多边形水平横剖面示意图,其中图2A为圆台的结构物的A-A截面示意图;图2B为正六棱柱结构物的A-A截面示意图  Fig. 2 is A-A circular or regular polygonal horizontal cross-sectional schematic diagram, wherein Fig. 2A is the A-A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of the circular truncated structure; Fig. 2B is the A-A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the regular hexagonal prism structure

图3A、图3B、图3C和图3D为不同形状的浮式结构物的主体侧视图  Fig. 3A, Fig. 3B, Fig. 3C and Fig. 3D are main side views of floating structures of different shapes

图4A和图4B为各种类型FPSO的水动力性能比较示意图  Figure 4A and Figure 4B are schematic diagrams of the comparison of hydrodynamic performance of various types of FPSO

图中1.满载水线面、2.上部结构体、3.下部结构体、4.上甲板、5.底板、6.圆形水平横截面、7.正多边形水平横截面、8.钻探或生产操作所必需的设备、9.月池、10.立管、11.水密舱、12.多点系泊系统、13.支撑柱、14.环形侧板。  In the figure 1. Full load water plane, 2. Upper structure, 3. Lower structure, 4. Upper deck, 5. Bottom plate, 6. Circular horizontal cross section, 7. Regular polygonal horizontal cross section, 8. Drilling or Equipment necessary for production operations, 9. Moon pool, 10. Riser, 11. Watertight compartment, 12. Multi-point mooring system, 13. Support column, 14. Ring side plate. the

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

为使本实用新型的实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合本实用新型实施例中的附图,对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚完整的 描述:  In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:

如图1所示:一种海洋工程浮式结构物,具有类似于沙漏形状的外形,即具有相互平行的上底面与下底板面,分别作为结构物的上甲板4和位于水下的底板5,结构物主体的中部的直径要明显小于结构物的其他部分,形成类似蜂腰或收腰的结构。  As shown in Figure 1: a marine engineering floating structure has an appearance similar to an hourglass shape, that is, it has an upper bottom surface and a lower bottom surface parallel to each other, which are respectively used as the upper deck 4 of the structure and the bottom plate 5 under water. , the diameter of the middle part of the main body of the structure is obviously smaller than the other parts of the structure, forming a structure similar to a wasp waist or a waist. the

作为一个较佳的实施方式,所述海洋工程浮式结构物分为两部分,一个为圆台或棱台的上部结构体2和一个为正圆台或正棱台的下部结构体3。组合状态下,上部结构体2为一倒置的正圆台或正棱台,即上底面积要大于下底面积;与之相反的,下部结构体3为一正置的正圆台或正棱台,即上底面积要小于下底面积。上部结构体2面积较小的下底与所述下部结构体3面积较小的上底相互对接,形成一个与甲板和下底相平行的连接面。当结构物处于水中时,该连接面为结构物主体的满载水线面1。由于具有相对较小的水线面、外扩倾斜的水下侧面和相对水线面的大面积底面,从而能够有效地控制浮体的垂荡固有周期远离波谱高能频带,并且能够增大浮式结构物纵/横摇、垂荡运动在风浪频率段的阻尼和附加质量。相对于传统的浮式结构物,具有极佳的运动稳定性。  As a preferred embodiment, the marine engineering floating structure is divided into two parts, an upper structure body 2 which is a circular frustum or a truss prism, and a lower structure 3 which is a perfect circular truss or a truss prism. In the combined state, the upper structure 2 is an inverted perfect circular truss or prism, that is, the area of the upper bottom is larger than the area of the lower bottom; on the contrary, the lower structure 3 is an upright circular truss or prism, That is, the upper bottom area is smaller than the lower bottom area. The lower bottom of the upper structure body 2 with a smaller area is docked with the upper bottom of the lower structure body 3 with a smaller area to form a connecting surface parallel to the deck and the lower bottom. When the structure is in water, the connection surface is the fully loaded waterline surface 1 of the main body of the structure. Due to the relatively small water plane, the sloping underwater side and the large bottom surface relative to the water plane, the natural period of the heave of the floating body can be effectively controlled away from the high-energy frequency band of the wave spectrum, and the floating structure can be enlarged. The damping and additional mass of the pitch/roll and heave motion in the wind wave frequency range. Compared with traditional floating structures, it has excellent motion stability. the

实际生产过程中,不必限于所述的分为上下结构体的生产加工方法,也可以根据实际情况,一体成型。  In the actual production process, it is not necessary to be limited to the above-mentioned production and processing method of dividing into upper and lower structures, and it can also be integrally formed according to the actual situation. the

为了进一步增强浮式结构物在水中的运动稳定性,作为一个较佳的实施方式,在所述下部结构物3的中部或下部的外表面安装有环形侧板14,通常的该环形侧板14为水平设置,即与所述结构物的其他平面相平行,也可根据实际不同海区的海况做出角度上俯仰的调整。环形侧板14结构具有类似船体上的垂荡板和舭龙骨的功用,能够更有效地抑制浮体在低频涌浪频率段的运动响应。与沙漏型结构的结构物主体相结合使得本实用新型具有极佳的抗纵横摇、垂荡运动性能、较强的极端海洋环境适应能力以及很高的作业有效性和安全性。  In order to further enhance the movement stability of the floating structure in water, as a preferred embodiment, an annular side plate 14 is installed on the outer surface of the middle or lower part of the lower structure 3, usually the annular side plate 14 It is set horizontally, that is, parallel to other planes of the structure, and can also be adjusted in angle and pitch according to actual sea conditions in different sea areas. The structure of the annular side plate 14 has the function similar to the heave plate and the bilge keel on the hull, and can more effectively suppress the motion response of the floating body in the low-frequency surge frequency range. Combining with the main structure of the hourglass structure, the utility model has excellent anti-pitch and roll, heave motion performance, strong adaptability to extreme marine environments, and high operational effectiveness and safety. the

进一步的,为了增加浮式结构物自身的强度,优选的,本实用新型具有多个设置于结构物主体外部的支撑柱13,通常的,多个支撑柱13呈对称设置。每根支撑柱13的两端分别与所述上部结构体2和下部结构体3固定连接且所述每根支撑柱13与结构物的轴位于同一平面。可以有效的起到增强甲板的承载能力和提高浮体抗弯强度的作用。  Further, in order to increase the strength of the floating structure itself, preferably, the present utility model has a plurality of support columns 13 arranged outside the main body of the structure. Usually, the plurality of support columns 13 are symmetrically arranged. Both ends of each support column 13 are fixedly connected to the upper structure body 2 and the lower structure body 3 respectively, and each support column 13 is located on the same plane as the axis of the structure. It can effectively enhance the bearing capacity of the deck and improve the bending strength of the floating body. the

所述支撑柱的形状与固定方式并不仅限于此,作为另一个较佳的实施方式,所述每根支撑柱13的长度一致,所述多根支撑柱13位于上部结构体2固定端 位于同一平面上,多跟支撑柱13位于下部结构体3的固定端位于同一平面上;相邻的两根支撑柱13构成一等腰三角形。  The shape and fixing method of the support column are not limited thereto. As another preferred embodiment, the length of each support column 13 is consistent, and the plurality of support columns 13 are located at the fixed end of the upper structure 2 at the same On a plane, the fixed ends of multiple support columns 13 located on the lower structure 3 are located on the same plane; two adjacent support columns 13 form an isosceles triangle. the

所述的海洋工程浮式结构物主要体现在外壳的形状,在其内部可设置多种的功能舱室,以满足不同种类海上作业的不同要求。作为一个较佳的实施方式,如图2所示:  Said marine engineering floating structure is mainly reflected in the shape of the shell, and various functional compartments can be arranged inside it to meet the different requirements of different types of offshore operations. As a preferred implementation, as shown in Figure 2:

所述上部结构体的内部具有与其高度一致的中央舱I,在中央舱I的周边设有多个环绕该中央舱的水密舱或其它功能舱室,优选的,所述多个水密舱呈轴对称设置。多个水密舱11分别固定连接上部结构体2外壳的内壁与中央舱I的外壁;为结构物的外壳提供支撑。  The inside of the superstructure body has a central cabin 1 consistent with its height, and a plurality of watertight compartments or other functional compartments surrounding the central compartment are provided on the periphery of the central compartment 1. Preferably, the plurality of watertight compartments are axisymmetric set up. A plurality of watertight compartments 11 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the superstructure 2 shell and the outer wall of the central cabin 1; support is provided for the shell of the structure. the

同样的,下部结构体3的内部具有与其高度一致的中央舱II,在中央舱II的四周设有多个环绕该中央舱的水密舱11,所述多个水密舱分别固定连接下部结构体3外壳的内壁与中央舱II的外壁,为下部结构体3的外壳提供支撑。  Similarly, the interior of the lower structure 3 has a central cabin II at the same height as the central cabin II, and a plurality of watertight cabins 11 surrounding the central cabin are arranged around the central cabin II, and the plurality of watertight cabins are fixedly connected to the lower structure 3 respectively. The inner wall of the shell and the outer wall of the central compartment II provide support for the shell of the lower structure 3 . the

进一步的,为了能够安装钻头或立管等其他生产操作设备,优选的,所述中央舱I和中央舱II在竖直方向上相连通,形成贯穿整个结构物的月池9,以方便安装相关设备。同时,由于所述月池9与海水相连通,也可以进一步的增强结构物在水中的稳定性。  Further, in order to be able to install other production and operation equipment such as drill bits or standpipes, preferably, the central cabin I and the central cabin II are connected in the vertical direction to form a moon pool 9 that runs through the entire structure, so as to facilitate the installation of related equipment. At the same time, since the moon pool 9 communicates with seawater, the stability of the structure in water can be further enhanced. the

所述上部结构体2的形式并不仅限于为棱台或圆台,其他的类似于棱台或圆台的结构均可。可以是母线为曲线、折线或曲线与折线结合的复合线型的圆台或者侧棱为曲线、折线或曲线与折线结合的复合线型的棱台,也可以达到类似的效果。如图3所示。  The form of the upper structure 2 is not limited to be a truncated truncated truncated truncated truncated cone, and other structures similar to the truncated truncated prism or truncated circle are acceptable. It can be a circular frustum whose generatrix is a curve, a broken line or a combination of curves and broken lines, or a frustum whose side edges are curves, broken lines or a combination of curves and broken lines. Similar effects can also be achieved. As shown in Figure 3. the

同样的,与上部结构体2类似的,下部结构体3的母线可以为曲线、折线或曲线与折线结合的正圆台或者侧棱为曲线、折线或曲线与折线结合的正棱台。经试验证明,只要是与正圆台或正棱台类似的结构,都具有本实用新型所述的优点。  Similarly, similar to the upper structure 2, the generatrix of the lower structure 3 can be a curve, a folded line, or a perfect circular frustum with a combination of a curve and a folded line, or a right truncated prism with a side edge of a curve, a folded line, or a combination of a curve and a folded line. It has been proved by experiments that as long as the structures are similar to the truncated circle or the truncated prism, they all have the advantages described in the utility model. the

此外,本实用新型还具有如下一些性能优势:  In addition, the utility model also has the following performance advantages:

本实用新型的水下部分采用带有一定外扩倾角的侧面设计。在具有足够储油量、良好耐波性能的基础上,与SPAR和深吃水半潜式相比,本新型浮体吃水相对较浅,易于维修、迁移和拖航,而且可以用于浅水作业,应用海域的适应性更强。  The underwater part of the utility model adopts a side design with a certain outward expansion angle. On the basis of sufficient oil storage capacity and good seakeeping performance, compared with SPAR and deep-draft semi-submersibles, the draft of this new type of floating body is relatively shallow, easy to maintain, relocate and tow, and can be used for shallow water operations and application in sea areas more adaptable. the

本实用新型具有相对较小的水线面,纵横向特征长度均相对较小,从而能够降低波浪作用在结构上的纵横向中拱或中垂弯曲载荷。此外,由于实用新型 具有“中间小、两端大”的沙漏型结构,浮体在任意方向都具有较高的中剖面模数,因此会进一步增大结构强度,使结构弯曲和疲劳应力处于一个较低的水平。  The utility model has a relatively small waterline surface and relatively small longitudinal and lateral characteristic lengths, thereby reducing the longitudinal and lateral arching or sagging bending loads that waves act on the structure. In addition, because the utility model has an hourglass structure of "small in the middle and large at both ends", the floating body has a high mid-section modulus in any direction, so the structural strength will be further increased, and the bending and fatigue stress of the structure will be at a relatively low level. low level. the

本实用新型的水下部分采用带有一定外扩倾角的侧面设计。与相同水线面面积和排水体积的圆筒相比,本新型浮体具有更小的水下迎流面积。此外,外扩倾斜侧面有利于抑制涡激振动的产生。因此,在相同海流环境下,本新型浮体会受到相对较小的流载荷作用。  The underwater part of the utility model adopts a side design with a certain outward expansion angle. Compared with cylinders with the same water surface area and drainage volume, the novel floating body has a smaller underwater facing area. In addition, the outwardly expanding inclined side is beneficial to suppress the generation of vortex-induced vibration. Therefore, under the same ocean current environment, the floating body of the present invention is subjected to a relatively small current load. the

本实用新型的浮体外形为沙漏形的中心对称外形,可以非常方便地在浮体中心处设立中央舱或月池,用来敷设管线,直接通往所有的液体舱,而在油、水舱中不再需要任何管线,大大简化了工程设计、建造和操作,可以节省管线和电缆等各种原材料。另一方面,由于新型浮体的各模块结构的相似程度高,适合采用模块化建造工艺,因此降低了设计和建造的难度。此外,根据对称原理,可以将浮体对称地分段,降低主体对建造船坞的要求,从而能够给业主提供了更大的选择空间。  The shape of the floating body of the utility model is an hourglass-shaped center symmetrical shape, and a central cabin or a moon pool can be conveniently set up at the center of the floating body for laying pipelines, directly leading to all liquid tanks, and not in the oil and water tanks. Any pipeline is no longer needed, which greatly simplifies engineering design, construction and operation, and can save various raw materials such as pipelines and cables. On the other hand, due to the high similarity of each module structure of the new floating body, it is suitable to adopt a modular construction process, thus reducing the difficulty of design and construction. In addition, according to the principle of symmetry, the floating body can be segmented symmetrically, reducing the requirement of the main body for building a dock, thereby providing owners with greater choice. the

本实用新型采用带有一定外扩倾角的侧面设计,能够增加浮体倾斜时出水及入水楔形的体积静矩。因此在保证满足初稳性的条件下,随着倾斜角度的增大,此侧面形状能够使得浮体复原力矩迅速增加,并且伴有较大的极限回复力矩和稳性消失角。此外,倾斜侧面设计配合环形侧板结构能够极大地增加浮体纵横摇的阻尼和附加质量,从而能够增加固有周期,降低运动幅度。所以在海上遇到风浪的时候,新型浮体结构即不会产生剧烈的摇摆,又能够提供足够的大倾角稳性,具有适合深海环境的稳性特征。另一方面,随着吃水的降低,水下浮体的水线面尺寸和惯性矩不断增加,能够很好地弥补由于排水量和浮心高度减少所带来的稳性损失,所以本新型浮体能够有效地提升不同载重状况满载、压载等的稳性,避免发生圆筒型FPSO或SPAR平台垂荡共振运动所带来的失稳现象。  The utility model adopts a side design with a certain outward expansion inclination angle, which can increase the volume static moments of the water outlet and water inlet wedges when the floating body is tilted. Therefore, under the condition of ensuring the initial stability, as the inclination angle increases, this side shape can make the restoring moment of the floating body increase rapidly, accompanied by a larger ultimate restoring moment and stability vanishing angle. In addition, the inclined side design combined with the annular side plate structure can greatly increase the damping and additional mass of the floating body's pitch and roll, thereby increasing the natural period and reducing the range of motion. Therefore, when encountering wind and waves at sea, the new floating body structure will not sway violently, but can also provide sufficient stability at large dip angles, and has stability characteristics suitable for deep sea environments. On the other hand, with the decrease of draft, the size and moment of inertia of the underwater floating body continue to increase, which can well compensate for the loss of stability caused by the reduction of displacement and buoyancy center height, so the new type of floating body can effectively The stability of full load and ballast under different load conditions can be greatly improved, and the instability caused by the heave resonance motion of the cylindrical FPSO or SPAR platform can be avoided. the

所述浮式结构物为双壳结构。本实用新型采用双层底、双舷侧结构。该结构能够加强新型浮体的主甲板和中央轴的混合刚性,有利于结构的总纵强度。此外,在双层底、双舷侧的内部空间可以用作压载水舱,在起到压载作用的同时,也可以防止浮体发生破损溢油现象,确保生产作业的安全性和环保性。  The floating structure is a double-hull structure. The utility model adopts the structure of double bottom and double sides. This structure can strengthen the hybrid rigidity of the main deck and the central axis of the new floating body, which is beneficial to the overall longitudinal strength of the structure. In addition, the inner space of the double bottom and double sides can be used as a ballast water tank, which can prevent damage and oil spillage of the floating body while playing the role of ballast, ensuring the safety and environmental protection of production operations. the

本实用新型采用单回转体的外形设计。在具有良好稳性和耐波性能的前提下,克服了由于双体外形造成的吃水对载重量变化十分敏感、表面积过大、结 构较重的缺点。使得新型浮体的主体质量相对较低,提高了有效载荷率,并且减少了钢材的用量,降低了结构的成本。  The utility model adopts the shape design of a single rotary body. On the premise of good stability and seakeeping performance, it overcomes the shortcomings of draft being very sensitive to load changes, excessive surface area and heavy structure due to the double-hull shape. The mass of the main body of the new floating body is relatively low, the effective load rate is improved, the amount of steel is reduced, and the cost of the structure is reduced. the

本实用新型的水上部分采用带有一定外扩倾角的侧面设计。在具有优良的纵、横摇和垂荡运动性能的前提下,这种具有一定外飘的外形设计能够降低新型浮体的波浪爬升高度,可以适当地减少甲板上浪现象。此外,与相同水线面面积和容积的圆筒相比,倒圆台浮体具有较小的迎风面积和较低的受力作用点。因此,在相同海风环境条件下,新型浮体所受风载荷和风倾力矩较小。  The above-water part of the utility model adopts a side design with a certain outward expansion inclination angle. Under the premise of excellent pitch, roll and heave motion performance, this shape design with a certain amount of outward drift can reduce the wave climbing height of the new floating body, and can properly reduce the phenomenon of waves on the deck. In addition, compared with cylinders with the same water surface area and volume, the inverted table floating body has a smaller windward area and a lower stress point. Therefore, under the same sea breeze environment conditions, the wind load and wind inclination moment of the new floating body are relatively small. the

本实用新型采用带有一定外扩倾角的侧面设计。因此,当海冰作用在倾斜的浮体侧面时,将由传统的挤压破坏变为相对强度较弱的弯曲破坏,从而能够大大减小作用于结构物上的冰载荷,因此本新型浮体具有较为优良的抗冰性能,可以适用于结冰海域。  The utility model adopts a side design with a certain outward expansion inclination angle. Therefore, when the sea ice acts on the side of the inclined floating body, it will change from the traditional crushing damage to the relatively weak bending damage, which can greatly reduce the ice load acting on the structure, so the new floating body has a relatively good performance. Excellent anti-icing performance, can be applied to icy sea areas. the

这里,为了更加直观地说明本实用新型所述的沙漏式海洋工程浮式结构物良好的运动性能优势,以对接圆台状的沙漏式FPSO(即所描述的上、下结构体均为圆台)为例,与功能(载重量、浮体容积和上甲板面积)相同的传统长方型驳船FPSO、圆柱状圆筒型FPSO的水动力性能进行比较分析,现将采用目前经过验证的通用势流边界元理论计算得到的各种FPSO的高频运动性能(纵、横摇和垂荡)展示如图4A和图4B,其中主要关注能量较大的风浪频率段0.209~6.28(1~30s)。  Here, in order to more intuitively illustrate the advantages of good motion performance of the hourglass-type marine engineering floating structure described in the utility model, the hourglass-type FPSO (that is, the described upper and lower structures are both circular frustums) is used as an example. For example, to compare and analyze the hydrodynamic performance of traditional rectangular barge FPSO and cylindrical FPSO with the same function (carrying weight, floating body volume and upper deck area), the current verified general potential flow boundary element will be used The high-frequency motion performance (pitch, roll, and heave) of various FPSOs obtained from theoretical calculations is shown in Figure 4A and Figure 4B, where the main focus is on the frequency range of 0.209~6.28 (1~30s) with high energy wind and waves. the

从图中可以看出,与驳船型FPSO相比,横向迎浪时新型FPSO的垂荡和横摇运动性能都有较大的提升,与纵向迎浪时驳船型FPSO的垂荡和纵摇性能基本相近相差不大。此外,新型FPSO的纵、横摇和垂荡运动性能都极大地优于圆柱状圆筒FPSO。因此,这表明本实用新型的创新外形设计能够大幅度提高FPSO的水动力性能。  It can be seen from the figure that compared with the barge-type FPSO, the heave and roll motion performance of the new FPSO in the transverse head sea are greatly improved, and the heave and pitch performance of the barge-type FPSO in the longitudinal head sea Basically not much difference. In addition, the pitch, roll and heave performances of the new FPSO are much better than those of the cylindrical FPSO. Therefore, this shows that the innovative shape design of the utility model can greatly improve the hydrodynamic performance of the FPSO. the

在图4A和图4B中,cub代表长方型驳船FPSO模型(head sea代表纵向迎浪情况,beam sea代表横向迎浪情况),cylinder代表圆柱状圆筒FPSO模型,sandglass FPSO代表sandglass FPSO代表对接圆台式海洋工程浮式结构物。此外,6个自由度运动分别为:纵荡surge,横荡sway,垂荡heave,纵摇pitch,横摇sway和首摇yaw。  In Fig. 4A and Fig. 4B, cub represents the rectangular barge FPSO model (head sea represents the situation of longitudinal head sea, beam sea represents the situation of transverse head sea), cylinder represents the cylindrical cylinder FPSO model, sandglass FPSO represents sandglass FPSO represents docking Round platform marine engineering floating structure. In addition, the 6 degrees of freedom are: surge, sway, heave, pitch, sway and yaw. the

以上所述,仅为本实用新型较佳的具体实施方式,但本实用新型的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本实用新型揭露的技术范围内,根据本实用新型的技术方案及其实用新型构思加以等同替换或改变,都 应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围之内。  The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited thereto. Novel technical solutions and their utility model concepts are equivalently replaced or changed, all should be covered within the protection scope of the utility model. the

Claims (9)

1.一种沙漏型海洋工程浮式结构物,具有一个为圆台或棱台的上部结构体和一个为正圆台或正棱台的下部结构体;组合状态下,所述上部结构体面积较小的底面与所述下部结构体面积较小的底面固定连接,形成连接面;所述上部结构体与下部结构体的轴位于同一直线上,上部结构物面积较大的底为浮式结构物的上甲板,下部结构物面积较大的底为浮式结构物处于水下的下底板;所述连接面为浮式结构物的满载水线面,结构物的主体与沙漏形状相似,以满载水线面为沙漏中间水平横截面,向上、下部结构体分别具有外扩倾角;结构体的不同水平横截面沿各方向的特征尺度相近,所述不同横截面为圆形或正多边形。  1. An hourglass-shaped marine engineering floating structure, which has an upper structure that is a circular truss or a truss and a lower structure that is a perfect circular truss or a positive truss; in a combined state, the area of the upper structure is relatively small The bottom surface of the upper structure is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the lower structure with a smaller area to form a connection surface; the axes of the upper structure and the lower structure are on the same straight line, and the bottom of the upper structure with a larger area is the floating structure. On the upper deck, the bottom of the lower structure with a larger area is the lower bottom plate of the floating structure; The line plane is the horizontal cross-section in the middle of the hourglass, and the upper and lower structures have outward expansion angles respectively; the different horizontal cross-sections of the structures have similar characteristic scales along each direction, and the different cross-sections are circular or regular polygons. the 2.根据权利要求1所述的沙漏型海洋工程浮式结构物,其特征还在于:所述下部结构物的外表面连接有增加浮体纵/横摇和垂荡阻尼的环形侧板。  2. The hourglass-shaped marine engineering floating structure according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the outer surface of the lower structure is connected with an annular side plate that increases the pitch/roll and heave damping of the floating body. the 3.根据权利要求1所述的沙漏型海洋工程浮式结构物,其特征还在于:所述上部结构体的内部具有与其高度一致的中央舱I,在中央舱I的周边设有多个环绕该中央舱的水密舱,所述多个水密舱分别固定连接上部结构体外壳的内壁与中央舱I的外壁;  3. The hourglass type marine engineering floating structure according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the inside of the superstructure body has a central cabin 1 consistent with its height, and a plurality of surrounding tanks are arranged on the periphery of the central cabin 1. The watertight compartment of the central compartment, the plurality of watertight compartments are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper structure shell and the outer wall of the central compartment 1; 下部结构体的内部具有与其高度一致的中央舱II,在中央舱II的四周设有多个环绕该中央舱的水密舱,所述多个水密舱分别固定连接下部结构体外壳的内壁与中央舱II的外壁。  The interior of the lower structure has a central cabin II at the same height as the central cabin II, and a plurality of watertight cabins surrounding the central cabin are arranged around the central cabin II. II's outer wall. the 4.根据权利要求3所述的沙漏型海洋工程浮式结构物,其特征还在于:所述相连通的中央舱I和中央舱II形成与海水相连通的月池。  4. The hourglass-shaped marine engineering floating structure according to claim 3, further characterized in that: the connected central cabin I and central cabin II form a moon pool that communicates with seawater. the 5.根据权利要求1所述的沙漏型海洋工程浮式结构物,其特征还在于:具有:多个设置于结构物主体外部的支撑柱,支撑柱的两端分别与所述上部结构体和下部结构体固定连接;所述每根支撑柱与结构物的轴位于同一平面。  5. The hourglass-shaped offshore engineering floating structure according to claim 1, further characterized in that: there are: a plurality of support columns arranged outside the main body of the structure, and the two ends of the support columns are respectively connected to the upper structure and The lower structure is fixedly connected; each supporting column is located on the same plane as the axis of the structure. the 6.根据权利要求5所述的沙漏型海洋工程浮式结构物,其特征还在于:所述每根支撑柱的长度一致,所述多根支撑柱位于上结构体固定端位于同一平面上,多跟支撑柱位于下结构体的固定端位于同一平面上;相邻的两根支撑柱构成一等腰三角形。  6. The hourglass-shaped marine engineering floating structure according to claim 5, further characterized in that: each of the supporting columns has the same length, and the plurality of supporting columns are located on the same plane at the fixed ends of the upper structure, The fixed ends of multiple support columns located on the lower structure are located on the same plane; two adjacent support columns form an isosceles triangle. the 7.根据权利要求1所述的沙漏型海洋工程浮式结构物,其特征还在于:所述上部结构体为:母线为曲线、折线或曲线与折线结合的圆台或侧棱为曲线、折线或曲线与折线结合的棱台。  7. The hourglass-shaped marine engineering floating structure according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the upper structure is: the generatrix is a curve, a broken line or a circular platform combined with a curve and a broken line, or the side edge is a curve, a broken line or A prism combining curves and broken lines. the 8.根据权利要求1所述的沙漏型海洋工程浮式结构物,其特征还在于:所述下部结构体为:母线为曲线、折线或曲线与折线结合的正圆台或侧棱为曲线、折线或曲线与折线结合的正棱台。  8. The hourglass-shaped marine engineering floating structure according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the lower structure is: the generatrix is a curve, a broken line or a perfect circular platform combined with a curve and a broken line, or the side edge is a curve or a broken line Or a positive prism combining curves and broken lines. the 9.根据以上任意一项权利要求所述的沙漏型海洋工程浮式结构物,其特征还在于:所述浮式结构物为双壳结构。  9. The hourglass-shaped marine engineering floating structure according to any one of the preceding claims, further characterized in that: the floating structure is a double-hull structure. the
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103085947A (en) * 2012-10-15 2013-05-08 大连理工大学 Hourglass type ocean engineering floating structure
CN115384696A (en) * 2022-08-26 2022-11-25 海洋石油工程股份有限公司 Anti-icing single-point mooring device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103085947A (en) * 2012-10-15 2013-05-08 大连理工大学 Hourglass type ocean engineering floating structure
CN115384696A (en) * 2022-08-26 2022-11-25 海洋石油工程股份有限公司 Anti-icing single-point mooring device

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