CN202916550U - Two dimensional photonic crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect - Google Patents
Two dimensional photonic crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN202916550U CN202916550U CN 201220653770 CN201220653770U CN202916550U CN 202916550 U CN202916550 U CN 202916550U CN 201220653770 CN201220653770 CN 201220653770 CN 201220653770 U CN201220653770 U CN 201220653770U CN 202916550 U CN202916550 U CN 202916550U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a two dimensional photonic crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect, belongs to the technical field of optical communication application, and is particularly suitable for the integrated optical field in optical communication. The two dimensional photonic crystal light intensity modulator comprises hole-type silicon substrate photonic crystals, 5 CB liquid crystals, transparent conducting film layers, external voltage wiring points and two pieces of cladding glass. A part of holes of the hole-type silicon substrate photonic crystals are filled with the 5 CB liquid crystals, the cladding glass is covered in the photonic crystals and is vertical to two sides of air holes. The transparent conducting film layers are directly plated and attached to the inner sides of the cladding glass. The external voltage wiring points are connected with the transparent conducting film layers and are exerted on the transparent conducting film layers. The two dimensional photonic crystal light intensity modulator based on the auto-collimation effect is simple in structure and small and exquisite in size, further, light travels in the two dimensional photonic crystal light intensity modulator based on the auto-collimation effect in an auto-collimation mode to enable light beams after being modulated to be easily transmitted to the next optical device without diffraction loss, and insertion loss is extremely small.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the optical communication applications technical field, particularly a kind of 2 D photon crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect.
Background technology
Photomodulator is the Primary Component of high speed, long-distance optical communication, also is one of most important integrated optical device, and it is by the amplitude of the variation regulation and control output light of voltage or electric field or the device of phase place.
The modulator approach commonly used of photomodulator has machinery modulation, electrooptical modulation, acoustooptic modulation and magneto-optic modulation etc.Machinery modulation need to use high-speed motor, is easy to make optical chopper at the rotating disk that cracks of chamber external application High Rotation Speed, realizes the low frequency modulations of light intensity; Electrooptical modulation utilizes some crystal, liquid or the gas phenomenon that refractive index changes under DC Electric Field to modulate, LiTaO3 electrooptical effect modulator is amplitude or the phase place of utilizing the electrooptical effect light modulated of crystal, its modulating speed is fast, III/V compounds of group photomodulator utilizes the Frang-Keldgsh effect, change the optical absorption of materials characteristic and then change light intensity by voltage, the compound photomodulator can be realized High Speed Modulation at present; Acoustooptic modulation utilizes the diffraction phenomena of light in sound field to modulate, and has that driving power is low, light loss is little, the extinction ratio advantages of higher; Magneto-optic modulation utilizes the Faraday effect rotation effect to carry out optical modulation, because the restriction of the transparent wave band of material, magneto-optic modulation is mainly used in infrared band.In addition, can also utilize the isoparametric change of electric field, magnetic field or temperature to realize the frequency modulation (PFM) of light wave.
Because improving constantly of technological level, although the size of said modulator part can be done smallerly, they still can not satisfy optical communication to the demand for development of the integrated microminiaturization of silicon.In addition, most of photomodulator also has following problem: required voltage is too high, electric current is too large, magnetic field is too strong or volume is too large etc., and they show especially obviously in integrated optics.
The utility model content
The utility model is in order to solve the intensity modulation problem in the present small silicon integrated optical module, a kind of 2 D photon crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect is provided, it is characterized in that: described light intensity modulator comprises pass silicon based photon crystal, 5CB liquid crystal, transparent conductive film layer, external voltage wiring point and cladding glass, wherein, described pass silicon based photon crystal is made of beam splitting structure, reflection configuration and the autocollimation structure between the two, and the autocollimation structure comprises three autocollimation zones (9,10,11).
In addition, be a if establish lattice period, then the airport aperture of described beam splitting structure is 1.46a ~ 1.48a, and the airport aperture of reflection configuration is 1.70a ~ 1.80a, the airport aperture of autocollimation structure is 0.33a ~ 0.34a, and the operation wavelength of pass silicon based photon crystal is 5.69a ~ 5.7a.Be filled with the 5CB liquid crystal in the airport in described autocollimation zone.Described cladding glass has two, lays respectively at the both sides in pass silicon based photon crystal vertical air hole.Described transparent conductive film layer directly plating is attached to cladding glass near a side of pass silicon based photon crystal, contacts with the pass silicon based photon crystal.Described external voltage wiring point (4) is positioned at the medial surface of cladding glass (5), and same transparent conductive film layer (3) is connected.The refractive index of described 5CB liquid crystal changes along with the variation of impressed voltage, outgoing after two-beam is interfered.
The beneficial effects of the utility model:
A kind of light intensity modulator based on autocollimatic M-Z interference structure of the utility model, refractive index by voltage-regulation 5CB liquid crystal, reach the purpose that changes two interference arm optical path differences, and the autocollimation that does not affect light is propagated, be easy to modulate after light beam without diffraction loss transfer to next optical device, therefore the utility model is simple in structure, voltage is low, degree of modulation is dark, loss is little, structure is small, is convenient to integratedly, can be widely used in the integrated optics field.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing a kind of 2 D photon crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect of the utility model is described further
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction synoptic diagram of the light intensity modulator of embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the two-dimentional pass photon crystal structure figure of embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the variation diagram of light intensity liquid-crystal refractive-index of two exit ports of embodiment.
Embodiment
Below by accompanying drawing example of the present utility model is described in detail:
Photonic crystal is the micro-dimension artificial structure material of a class specific inductive capacity periodic distribution.When electromagnetic wave is propagated therein, be subject to multiple scattering, the interference effect between the scattering wave has photonic crystal to be similar to the band structure of solid crystal, band be with between have photon band gap.Light is propagated in photonic crystal, and its propagation characteristic is determined by band structure.
Photon crystal self-aligning effect refers to that in photonic crystal light beam can be in the situation of not introducing traditional photon crystal wave-guide, overcomes the diffraction effect weakening of light beam and demonstrates the almost completely propagation characteristic of collimation.It comes from the dispersion properties of the uniqueness of photonic crystal, that is: on the isofrequency map at specific frequency separation and the very smooth Equal frequency surface of existence in the large angle scope very, the propagation of light-wave energy is always perpendicular to the equifrequency face.The auto-collimation effect of photonic crystal does not require the introducing defective, and it is made than the easier realization of photonic crystal of introducing defective, and can be better be coupled in next optical device luminous energy is lossless.
Based on photonic crystal special dispersion properties and forbidden band characteristic, the researchist has developed a large amount of devices that are used for optical communication, such as photon crystal laser, photon crystal filter, photon crystal optical splitter, photon crystal wavelength division multiplex device etc.But in these devices, much all utilize the defect waveguide transmission light, less based on the air pass Silicon-Based Two-dimensional Photonic Crystals device of auto-collimation effect; And, in the photon crystal device of research, almost there is not the light intensity modulator based on liquid crystal modulation at present.Therefore, under the megatrend of microminiaturization, integrated development, can satisfy well the requirement of the low frequency intensity modulation in the integrated optics in optical communication based on the 2 D photon crystal intensity modulation device of auto-collimation effect.The utility model proposes with regard to being based on above design.
Principle of work of the present utility model is as described below: impressed voltage can make the sensing of liquid crystal molecule vow and change the normal refraction rate n of 5CB liquid crystal
o=1.522, abnormal refraction rate n
e=1.706.Different to 5V by 0V with impressed voltage, the refractive index of 5CB liquid crystal is at n
0To n
eBetween incremental variations.When the liquid-crystal refractive-index on being filled in a certain interference arm changed, the light on two light paths was owing to interfering the variation that light intensity occurs.
Embodiment
Such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of light intensity modulator comprises pass silicon based photon crystal 1,5CB liquid crystal 2, two transparent conductive film layers 3, two external voltage wiring points 4 and two cladding glasses 5.The airport of the square periodic arrangement that distributing on the described pass silicon based photon crystal 1, these airport diameters are different, are used separately as beam splitting structure 6, reflection configuration 7 and autocollimation structure 8.Described 5CB liquid crystal 2 is filled in shown in the figure one airport in the autocollimation zone 9,10,11 of interfering on the arm; Described two cladding glasses 5 are in respectively the both sides in vertical air hole; Described two transparent conductive film layers 3 directly plating are attached to two cladding glass inboards; Described two external voltage wiring points 4 are connected with two conductive film layers 3 respectively.Outside institute making alive is applied on two transparent conductive film layers 3 by wiring point.
2 D photon crystal is air pass silicon based photon crystal in the present embodiment, and airport is according to square lattice arrangement, and lattice period is 0.272 μ m.Described beam splitting structure 6 is made of the airport of 23 radius 0.133 μ m of a row; Described reflection configuration 7 is made of the airport of three row's radiuses, 0.16 μ m, and every row is respectively 23,21,19 airports; Remaining airport radius is 0.09 μ m, i.e. described autocollimation structure 8.Two interfere the length L of arm
1, L
2Be respectively
The operation wavelength of this light intensity modulator is the used wavelength of optical communication, λ=1.55 μ m.
Operation steps of the present utility model
1, corresponding input optical maser wavelength
The corresponding optical maser wavelength of present embodiment is communication wavelength 1.55 μ m commonly used, thereby can be compatible with existing ripe optical communication technique, puts in the optical communication fast.
2, operating process
The utility model is simple to operate.Laser incides beam splitting structure 6 from shown in the left end arrow, is divided into two bundle coherent lights after beam splitting structure 6.Wherein light beam propagates into the beam splitting structure of the other end via the airport photon crystal self-aligning; In addition light beam by the reflection of beam splitting structure after, through being filled with the pass photonic crystal of liquid crystal, and through after twice of reflection configuration 7 reflection, continue to propagate without the diffraction autocollimation along OUT1 end or OUT2 end after the beam splitting structure 6 of the other end is interfered with front light beam.External voltage signal acts on transparent conductive film layer 3(ITO layer by 4 accesses of voltage wiring point) on, external voltage is applied on the liquid crystal that is filled in the airport by transparent conductive film layer (ITO layer).When impressed voltage was zero, liquid crystal presented the normal refraction rate, and light beam has the strongest output at the OUT1 end, and the OUT2 end has the most weak output; Liquid-crystal refractive-index also can become greatly when increasing when impressed voltage pursues, and causes two light beam phase differential to change, thereby causes the variation of OUT1, OUT2 end emergent light light intensity.In whole change procedure, the emergent light light intensity of OUT1 end and OUT2 end is complementary, can select according to actual needs port.
In sum, the utility model proposes based on autocollimatic light intensity modulator, play the effect that changes liquid-crystal refractive-index by modulation voltage being added in the liquid crystal both sides, and then affect the phase differential of optical interference circuit, thereby cause the variation of emergent light light intensity modulated voltage signal.Because the response time that liquid crystal director turns to is at Microsecond grade, so require the transformation period of voltage signal to satisfy the response time of liquid crystal.Adjust signal voltage and between 0 ~ 5V, change the light signal output that just can obtain to modulate.The utility model can be widely used in optical communication and integrated optics field.
Here description of the present utility model and application is illustrative, is not to want with scope restriction of the present utility model in an embodiment.Distortion among the embodiment and change are possible, and the various parts of the replacement of embodiment and equivalence are known concerning those those of ordinary skill in the art.Those skilled in the art are noted that in the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present utility model or essential characteristic, and the utility model can be with other form, structure, layout, ratio, and realize with other assembly, material and parts.In the situation that does not break away from the utility model scope and spirit, can carry out other distortion and change to above-described embodiment.
Claims (8)
1. 2 D photon crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect, it is characterized in that: described light intensity modulator comprises pass silicon based photon crystal (1), 5CB liquid crystal (2), transparent conductive film layer (3), external voltage wiring point (4) and cladding glass (5), wherein, described pass silicon based photon crystal (1) is made of beam splitting structure (6), reflection configuration (7) and the autocollimation structure (8) between the two, and autocollimation structure (8) comprises three autocollimation zones (9,10,11).
2. a kind of 2 D photon crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: establishing lattice period is a, the airport aperture of then beam splitting structure (6) is 1.46a ~ 1.48a, the airport aperture of reflection configuration (7) is 1.70a ~ 1.80a, and the airport aperture of autocollimation structure (8) is 0.33a ~ 0.34a.
3. a kind of 2 D photon crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: establishing lattice period is a, and then the operation wavelength of described pass silicon based photon crystal (1) is 5.69a ~ 5.7a.
4. a kind of 2 D photon crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be filled with 5CB liquid crystal (2) in the airport in described autocollimation zone (9,10,11).
5. a kind of 2 D photon crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cladding glass (5) has two, lays respectively at the both sides in pass silicon based photon crystal (1) vertical air hole.
6. a kind of 2 D photon crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described transparent conductive film layer (3) directly plating is attached to cladding glass (5) near a side of pass silicon based photon crystal (1), contacts with pass silicon based photon crystal (1).
7. a kind of 2 D photon crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described external voltage wiring point (4) is positioned at the medial surface of cladding glass (5), and same transparent conductive film layer (3) is connected.
8. a kind of 2 D photon crystal light intensity modulator based on auto-collimation effect according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the refractive index of described 5CB liquid crystal (2) changes along with the variation of impressed voltage, outgoing after two-beam is interfered.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104252019A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2014-12-31 | 山东大学 | Two-dimensional combined type photonic crystal and application thereof |
| CN104570206A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院大学 | Beam splitting method based on photonic crystal standing wave resonance |
| WO2015078119A1 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-06-04 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Photonic crystal supporting high-frequency sensitivity autocollimation, and design method and application |
| CN107219625A (en) * | 2017-06-24 | 2017-09-29 | 复旦大学 | A kind of design method for the photonic crystal panel for supporting frequency sensitive auto-collimation phenomenon |
-
2012
- 2012-11-30 CN CN 201220653770 patent/CN202916550U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015078119A1 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-06-04 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Photonic crystal supporting high-frequency sensitivity autocollimation, and design method and application |
| US9684094B2 (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2017-06-20 | Shanghai Insitute Of Microsystem And Information Technology, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Photonic crystal supporting high frequency sensitivity self-collimation phenomenon and design method and use thereof |
| CN104252019A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2014-12-31 | 山东大学 | Two-dimensional combined type photonic crystal and application thereof |
| CN104252019B (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2017-04-19 | 山东大学 | Two-dimensional combined type photonic crystal and application thereof |
| CN104570206A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院大学 | Beam splitting method based on photonic crystal standing wave resonance |
| CN107219625A (en) * | 2017-06-24 | 2017-09-29 | 复旦大学 | A kind of design method for the photonic crystal panel for supporting frequency sensitive auto-collimation phenomenon |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130501 Termination date: 20131130 |