CN202903620U - Shearing device for testing soil body intensity - Google Patents
Shearing device for testing soil body intensity Download PDFInfo
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- CN202903620U CN202903620U CN 201220598429 CN201220598429U CN202903620U CN 202903620 U CN202903620 U CN 202903620U CN 201220598429 CN201220598429 CN 201220598429 CN 201220598429 U CN201220598429 U CN 201220598429U CN 202903620 U CN202903620 U CN 202903620U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a shearing device for testing soil body intensity, in order to solve the problem of the authenticity and accuracy of the measuring value of a direct shearing device or a single shearing device; the shearing device for testing the soil body intensity comprises an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box; a shearing sliding part is arranged between the lower shearing box and the upper shearing box; the lower shearing box is provided with a restraining component for restraining the upper shearing box in shearing; the shearing sliding part comprises a belt trough rail bar and a plurality of shearing overlapped rings which are partially arranged in a rail belt inner trough of the belt trough rail bar; and the upper shearing box, the lower shearing box and the shearing overlapped rings are all provided for filling cylinders for placing test samples. According to the utility model, the technical defects of the direct shearing device as well as the single shearing device adopted in the existing shearing test are eliminated, and the authenticity and accuracy of the test result are further ensured.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of shear of testing soil strength.
Background technology
At present, test soil body shear resistance instrument commonly used has direct shear apparatus and simple shear apparatus, and common direct shear apparatus and simple shear apparatus are respectively as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
As shown in Figure 1, when adopting straight shear device to carry out soil body shear strength test, in the shear box, fixing upper shear box became to shear by the down cut box-like about sample placed.Although straight shear device is simple in structure, easy to operate, have following defectives: 1. at first, the soil body in the direct shear test in the upper shear box is considered to do not have detrusion along the shear surface direction, only allows detrusion at shear surface.Say that the shear surface of the soil body is not a plane on strict, but one have certain thickness shear zone, therefore, itself and actual conditions not in full conformity with, as shown in Figure 1; 2. moreover, detrusion occurs after, Soil mass state more complicated in the upper shear box, upper shear box rear wall place soil body extruding near shear direction is obvious, and the front side wall place soil body occurs to become flexible, thereby it is all inhomogeneous to cause the shear surface stress and strain to distribute, and stringency of test reduces; 3. in addition, for coarse-grained soil, because its particle is larger, present unevenly on the shear surface, the shear resistance of block often is regarded as the shear resistance of coarse-grained soil during shearing, thereby it is higher intensity often to occur, greatly differ from each other with actual conditions, unfavorable to engineering safety.
As shown in Figure 2, when adopting the simple shear device to test, sample places in the folded ring of the shearing of down cut box and some overlapping placements, keeps the cover clamp that adds at sample top to maintain static, and becomes to shear by mobile down cut box-like.A remarkable advantage of simple shear device is that it allows the interior soil body generation detrusion of the above certain limit of shear surface, and as shown in Figure 2, the stress state of shear surface makes moderate progress than straight shear device.But, also there is an obvious defective in the simple shear device, after detrusion occurs, from more than the shear surface to the sample top, the whole soil body is shearing in various degree all, formed one and extended through the spliced body at soil body top from shear surface always, so so that the above whole soil body of shear surface all is regarded as shear zone.And in the middle of the reality, for gliding mass, just forming a shear surface (band) at a certain depth of inside soil body, the above soil body of shear surface (band) does not have detrusion.Therefore, the simple shear device also not exclusively conforms to actual conditions.
The utility model content
For straight shear device or simple shear device because of the artificial accuracy problem of determining that shear surface brings, the utility model aims to provide a kind of shear of testing soil strength, this shear can be eliminated the straight shear device that adopts in the present shear test and the shortcoming on the simple shear device technique, warranty test result's authenticity and accuracy.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that adopts of the utility model is:
A kind of shear of testing soil strength, comprise shear box and down cut box, its design feature is, described down cut box and be fixedly connected between the upper shear box on the reaction plate by the counter-force support and be provided with the shearing sliding part, described down cut box is provided with the constraint component of the upper shear box of constraint when shearing; Described shearing sliding part comprises that trough of belt rail bar and part place the interior multi-disc of rail bar inside groove of trough of belt rail bar to shear folded ring; The folded ring of described upper shear box, down cut box and shearing all has for the filling tube of placing sample.
Below be to the further improved technical scheme of the utility model:
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the constraint component of shear box is the baffle plate that is arranged on upper end, down cut box both sides in the described constraint.Further, described trough of belt rail bar is connected on the baffle plate of down cut box by the rail shoulder.
In order to reduce the friction force between down cut box and the trough of belt rail bar, be provided with ball between described down cut box and the trough of belt rail bar, be preferably steel ball.
In the utility model, described trough of belt rail bar preferably includes two, and the rail bar inside groove of two trough of belt rail bars is oppositely arranged; The every folded ring of described shearing all has folded ring tenon, places the stack ring tenon in the rail bar inside groove to move freely in the rail bar inside groove, and the height sum of stack ring tenon is no more than the inside groove height of trough of belt rail bar.
The filling tube internal diameter of described upper shear box, down cut box and the folded ring of shearing is consistent.
The filling tube of described upper shear box runs through the upper and lower surface of shear box; The lower box filling tube bottom surface of described down cut box filling tube is higher than down cut box bottom surface.
In order to reduce the friction force between upper shear box and the down cut box, described baffle plate is provided with a plurality of spherical circular holes for placing ball near upper shear box one side, places ball in the spherical circular hole.
As a kind of concrete version, the folded ring of described shearing comprise superposed top shear folded ring, be positioned at the middle part in the middle of shear folded ring and be positioned at the folded ring of bottom shear of bottom, certainly according to the test needs, shearing folded ring can be four or more.
The height of above-mentioned trough of belt rail bar is: for cohesive soil test, its highly general desirable 1-2cm; For coarse-grained soil test, it highly be 0.5-1 times of coarse-grained soil the largest particles particle diameter.
By said structure, shear sliding part and mainly comprise the rail bar of trough of belt and shear folded ring that the major function of shearing sliding part is to provide a potential shearing disturbed belt to the soil body.Described down cut box mainly is comprised of the circular hole that constraint baffle plate, filling tube and some placement steel balls are used, the constraint baffle plate of both sides plays the effect that constraint is sheared upper box direction of motion and is affiliated to the trough of belt rail bar, circular opening is all placed steel ball and is used, and plays the effect that reduces friction.Described upper shear box mainly is comprised of filling tube, counter-force support and bottom circular aperture, during shearing upper box by the counter-force support with shear transfer to fixing reaction plate, it can be free to slide at the trough of belt rail bar, reduces friction by the steel ball that is arranged on the bottom surface.Described shearing sliding part places between shear box and the down cut box, formed by two rail bars and the folded ring of shearing, rail bar is connected on the side board of lower box by the rail shoulder, rail bar is consistent with lower box direction of motion when guaranteeing to shear, and do not produce relative sliding, shearing folded ring is placed between two rail bars, its filling tube internal diameter is with the box internal diameter is consistent up and down, tenon is inserted among the rail bar inside groove of both sides, when guaranteeing to shear, shear folded ring and can mutually mobile between the box up and down, reflect the distortion of the soil body in the disturbed belt with this.
The quantity of the height of described trough of belt rail bar and the folded ring of shearing can be determined according to actual conditions, because the existence of lower limb on the trough of belt rail bar, the folded ring of the shearing of top and bottom is designed to the thick form of the thin folded ring of tenon, realize the closure of disturbed belt, middle folded ring can be placed some as required, but must satisfy the thickness and the height that can not surpass the rail bar inside groove of all tenons.
Below the utility model is described further.
A kind of shear for measuring soil body shear resistance is seen Fig. 3 ~ 9.This device is mainly folded ring plate 19,22,25, down cut box 7 etc. and is partly formed by upper shear box 2, two trough of belt rail bars 14, shearings.Specifically installing two trough of belt rail bars additional between the shear box up and down, to shear folded ring is placed among two rail bar inside grooves from bottom to up successively again, shear folded ring and in rail bar, can mutually move, again sample is placed in the filling tube of upper and lower shear box and folded ring 21,24,27.
During test, upper shear box maintains static, down cut box and two trough of belt rail bars are mobile together along shear direction, folded ring between rail bar can be between upper and lower shear box the mutually changing of the relative positions, also can mutually move between folded ring and the folded ring, be independent of each other, simulate the deformation mechanism that occurs in the inside soil body shear zone with this.The height of rail bar (the namely thickness of shear zone) can be determined according to actual conditions.For cohesive soil, its highly general desirable 1-2cm, for coarse-grained soil, (1) of its highly desirable the largest particles particle diameter is doubly.Shear folded ring preferably by the top shear folded ring 19, middlely shear folded ring 22,25 3 on the folded ring of bottom shear forms, according to actual needs, can satisfy by shearing folded ring in the middle of increasing the variation of shear bandwidth, it is fixed that the thickness of the folded ring of shearing can come as required, general desirable 0.2-0.5cm.
The utility model is between the upper and lower shear box of straight shear device, has certain thickness shearing disturbed belt by arrange one in sample inside, the deformation mechanism that reflects soil body shear failure, this utility model has straight shear device and simple shear device advantage separately simultaneously, overcome again two kinds of devices shortcoming separately, be applicable to the especially shearing strength test of coarse-grained soil of the soil body.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: shear of the present utility model can provide one to shear disturbed belt, has the advantage of simple shear device, has solved straight shear device because of artificial three problems determining that shear surface brings; Meanwhile, this device is so that shear to only occur in and shear in the disturbed belt, and the soil body of the above upper shear box of shear zone does not have detrusion, and this all is regarded as the problem of shear zone with regard to having overcome in the simple shear device the whole soil body more than the shear surface and all having detrusion.
The utility model provides a potential shearing disturbed belt in sample inside, detrusion mainly occurs in the shear zone soil body, detrusion does not occur in the above soil body of shear zone, this stress and actual conditions fit like a glove, eliminate the straight shear device that adopts in the present shear test and the shortcoming on the simple shear device technique, thereby further guaranteed authenticity and the accuracy of test findings.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further elaborated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing direct shear apparatus;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of existing simple shear apparatus;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of down cut box described in the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of upper shear box described in the utility model;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of trough of belt rail bar described in the utility model;
Fig. 6 is that folded structure of rings synoptic diagram is sheared at top described in the utility model;
Fig. 7 is the middle folded structure of rings synoptic diagram of shearing described in the utility model;
Fig. 8 is the folded structure of rings synoptic diagram of bottom shear described in the utility model;
Fig. 9 is the integrally-built rear view of shear described in the utility model.
In the drawings
1-counter-force support; The upper shear box of 2-; The upper shear box filling tube of 3-; The spherical circular hole of the upper shear box of 4-;
The upper shear box of 5-bottom surface; The upper shear box filling tube of 6-bottom wheel profile; 7-down cut box;
The spherical circular hole of 8-baffle plate; The 9-baffle plate; The spherical circular hole of 10-down cut box;
11-down cut box filling tube; 12-down cut box bottom surface; 13-down cut box filling tube bottom surface;
14-trough of belt rail bar; 15-rail shoulder; 16-rail bar inside groove; 17-inside groove coboundary;
18-inside groove lower limb; Folded ring is sheared at the 19-top; 20-top folded ring tenon;
21,24,27-filling tube; Shear folded ring in the middle of the 22-; Folded ring tenon in the middle of the 23-;
The folded ring of 25-bottom shear; 26-bottom folded ring tenon; 29-shears folded ring;
The 30-sample; F
Method-normal stress; F
Cut-shearing force.
Embodiment
Next, describe the process of an implementation of the present utility model in detail with the form of giving an example, also will more clearly show characteristics of the present utility model and advantage.
A kind of shear of testing soil strength mainly is comprised of upper shear box 2, down cut box 7 and shearing sliding part 14,19,22,25, upper shear box 2 connects into an integral body with counter-force support 1, as shown in Figure 4, upper shear box 2 intermediate filler cylinders are cylindrical, connect from top to bottom, namely go up shear box bottom surface 5 and upper shear box filling tube bottom wheel profile 6 places in one plane.The spherical circular hole 4 inner steel balls that embed play a part to reduce friction.Upper shear box is the cylindrical cavity except filling tube 3, and all the other each ones are entity, and available stainless steel or cast iron are made.
As shown in Figure 3, described down cut box 7 and upper shear box 2 structure basic simlarities, difference is, and two baffle plates 9 are respectively set up in the upper end, two sides of down cut box 7, and baffle plate 9 links together with down cut box 7, plays the effect of the upper shear box 2 of constraint when shearing.In addition, establish spherical circular hole 8 and place steel ball in baffle plate 9 inboards, the upper friction force of shear box 2 in sliding process when reducing to shear; On the other hand, down cut box filling tube 11 is consistent with upper shear box filling tube 3 internal diameters, and different is that down cut box filling tube bottom surface 13 will be higher than down cut box bottom surface 12, and namely down cut box filling tube 11 does not have up/down perforation.In addition, the same with upper shear box 2, also set up in down cut box 7 edges to reduce the spherical circular hole 10 that sliding friction is used.
The most key part of the utility model is namely sheared sliding part, and such as Fig. 5 ~ shown in Figure 8, the major function of shearing sliding part is to provide a potential shearing disturbed belt to the soil body, and it is mainly by two identical trough of belt rail bars 14 and shear folded ring 19,22,25 and form.Shear sliding part between upper shear box 2 and down cut box 7, two identical trough of belt rail bars 14 are near baffle plate 9 inboards of down cut box both sides, rail shoulder 15 laterally, during shearing, rail shoulder 15 is affiliated on the edge of baffle plate 9, trough of belt rail bar 14 all moves along shear direction with down cut box 7 when shearing with assurance, avoids producing relative sliding between trough of belt rail bar 14 and the down cut box 7.
Next, to shear folded ring 19,22,25 enters successively among rail bar inside groove 16, consider the upper and lower edge 17 of rail bar, 18 reason, therefore be provided with the folded ring 19,25 of top and bottom shear, folded ring tenon 20,26 thickness are inconsistent with the thickness of top and the folded ring 19,25 of bottom shear, the height that top and bottom be folded encircles super thickness portion with rail bar coboundary and the height of lower limb the same.During placement, should place first the folded ring 19 of bottom shear, shear folded ring 22 in the middle of placing again, place at last the top and shear folded ring 25, it is consistent that each shears the internal diameter of filling tube 21,24,27 internal diameter and upper and lower shear box 2,7 of folded ring intermediate cylindrical.
At last, upper shear box 2 is placed on the trough of belt rail bar 14, during shearing, upper shear box 2 keeps motionless, can mutually slide between upper shear box 2 and the trough of belt rail bar 14.Simultaneously, folded ring tenon 20,23,26 can move freely in the groove of trough of belt rail bar 14, has also just guaranteed the mutually changing of the relative positions of the shear zone soil body.The thickness of trough of belt rail bar 14 can be determined according to size or the experience of soil body particle, shearing the thickness of folded ring 19,22,25 also can process as required, the folded ring 22 of middle shearing can arrange polylith, as long as guarantee all folded ring tenons 20, it is just passable that 23,26 thickness sum is no more than the height of trough of belt rail bar 14 inside grooves.
All members all adopt stainless steel or cast iron to make, and hacking is scraped.Utilize the equipment of existing common mechanical factory just can process, to satisfy self needs of experimenter.
The content that above-described embodiment is illustrated should be understood to these embodiment and only is used for being illustrated more clearly in the utility model, and be not used in the restriction scope of the present utility model, after having read the utility model, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims limited range to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. shear of testing soil strength, comprise shear box (2) and down cut box (7), it is characterized in that, described down cut box (7) and be fixedly connected between the upper shear box (2) on the reaction plate by counter-force support (1) and be provided with the shearing sliding part, described down cut box (7) is provided with the constraint component of the upper shear box (2) of constraint when shearing; Described shearing sliding part comprises that trough of belt rail bar (14) and part place the interior multi-disc of rail bar inside groove (16) of trough of belt rail bar (14) to shear folded ring (19,22,25); Described upper shear box (2), down cut box (7) and the folded ring of shearing (19,22,25) all have for the filling tube (3,11,21,24,27) of placing sample (30).
2. the shear of test soil strength according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the constraint component of shear box in the described constraint (2) is for being arranged on the baffle plate (9) on down cut box (7) both sides.
3. the shear of test soil strength according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with ball between described down cut box (7) and the trough of belt rail bar (14).
4. the shear of test soil strength according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described trough of belt rail bar (14) is connected on the baffle plate (9) of down cut box (7) by rail shoulder (15).
5. the shear of test soil strength according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described trough of belt rail bar (14) comprises two, and the rail bar inside groove (16) of two trough of belt rail bars (14) is oppositely arranged; The every folded ring of described shearing all has folded ring tenon (20,23,26), place the stack ring tenon (20 in the rail bar inside groove (16), 23,26) can in rail bar inside groove (16), move freely stack ring tenon (20,23,26) height sum is no more than the inside groove height of trough of belt rail bar (14).
6. the shear of test soil strength according to claim 1 is characterized in that, filling tube (3,11,21,24, the 27) internal diameter of described upper shear box (2), down cut box (7) and the folded ring of shearing (19,22,25) is consistent.
7. the shear of test soil strength according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the filling tube (3) of described upper shear box (2) runs through the upper and lower surface of shear box (2); The lower box filling tube bottom surface (13) of described down cut box (7) filling tube (11) is higher than down cut box bottom surface (12).
8. according to claim 2 or the shear of 4 described test soil strengths, it is characterized in that described baffle plate (9) is provided with a plurality of spherical circular holes (8) for placing ball near upper shear box (2) one sides.
9. according to claim 1 or the shear of 5 or 6 described test soil strengths, it is characterized in that, the folded ring (19 of described shearing, 22,25) comprise superposed top shear folded ring (19), be positioned at the middle part in the middle of shear folded ring (22) and be positioned at folded encircle (25) of bottom shear of bottom.
10. according to claim 1 or 3 or the shear of 4 or 5 described test soil strengths, it is characterized in that the height of described trough of belt rail bar (14) is:
For the cohesive soil test, it highly gets 1-2cm;
For coarse-grained soil test, it highly be 0.5-1 times of coarse-grained soil the largest particles particle diameter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220598429 CN202903620U (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2012-11-14 | Shearing device for testing soil body intensity |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220598429 CN202903620U (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2012-11-14 | Shearing device for testing soil body intensity |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN202903620U true CN202903620U (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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| CN 201220598429 Expired - Lifetime CN202903620U (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2012-11-14 | Shearing device for testing soil body intensity |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102944486A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-02-27 | 中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院 | Shearing device for testing soil strength |
| CN103969131A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-08-06 | 辽宁省水利水电科学研究院 | Coarse-grained soil hydraulic shearing instrument |
| CN105606466A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-05-25 | 大连理工大学 | Multifunctional shear box for similar material structural surface direct shear test |
| CN107796711A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-03-13 | 天津大学 | A kind of method for testing complete sample and structural plane dynamic shear strength |
-
2012
- 2012-11-14 CN CN 201220598429 patent/CN202903620U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102944486A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-02-27 | 中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院 | Shearing device for testing soil strength |
| CN102944486B (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2015-01-07 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Shearing device for testing soil strength |
| CN103969131A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-08-06 | 辽宁省水利水电科学研究院 | Coarse-grained soil hydraulic shearing instrument |
| CN103969131B (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2016-01-20 | 辽宁省水利水电科学研究院 | Coarse-grained soil hydraulic cutter instrument |
| CN105606466A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-05-25 | 大连理工大学 | Multifunctional shear box for similar material structural surface direct shear test |
| CN107796711A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-03-13 | 天津大学 | A kind of method for testing complete sample and structural plane dynamic shear strength |
| CN107796711B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-11-19 | 天津大学 | A method of for testing complete sample and structural plane dynamic shear strength |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee |
Owner name: CHINA POWER GROUP ZHONGNAN INVESTIGATION DESIGN + Free format text: FORMER NAME: ZHONGNAN PROSPECTING DESIGN INST. CHINA HYDRAUELECTRIC CONSULTANT GROUP |
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| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 410014 Hunan province Changsha Yuhua District, camphor Road No. 16 Patentee after: Company limited of Central-South survey and design research institute of electricity Jian group of China Address before: 410014, 9 camphor Road, Yuhua District, Hunan, Changsha Patentee before: Zhongnan Prospecting Design Inst. China Hydrauelectric Consultant Group |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20130424 Effective date of abandoning: 20150107 |
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| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |