CN202863478U - Train-mounted mobile block system for train controlling based on distance measurement - Google Patents

Train-mounted mobile block system for train controlling based on distance measurement Download PDF

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CN202863478U
CN202863478U CN 201220350420 CN201220350420U CN202863478U CN 202863478 U CN202863478 U CN 202863478U CN 201220350420 CN201220350420 CN 201220350420 CN 201220350420 U CN201220350420 U CN 201220350420U CN 202863478 U CN202863478 U CN 202863478U
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train
signal
wireless
wireless signal
mounted mobile
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徐菲
黄新凯
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Abstract

The utility model provides a train-mounted mobile block system for train controlling based on distance measurement. The train-mounted mobile block system comprises a wireless transmitter, a wireless receiver and a train controller, wherein the wireless transmitter is used for directionally transmitting first wireless signals and second wireless signals, of which the transmission speeds are different, and is mounted in a signal light of a front train/front platform; the wireless receiver is used for receiving the first and second wireless signals directionally, and calculating the distance between the system and the signal light of the front train/front platform according to the first and second wireless signals, and is mounted on a rear train; the train controller is used for generating a real-time dynamic virtual block section according to the parameters of the rear train, and comparing the block section with the calculated distance; when the distance is smaller than the block section, the train controller sends a braking instruction to the rear train, so as to avoid accidental collision between the rear train and the front train; and the train controller is mounted in the rear train. The train-mounted mobile block system is simple, convenient, direct and reliable.

Description

A kind of Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system based on range finding
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of block system about Train Control, particularly a kind of Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system based on range finding.
Background technology
Basically all can adopt at present " block system " that control is implemented in train operation in track traffic, be both unmatched ranks cars in own inaccessible section (interval) with the effective guarantee train, enters this interval with train without male offspring again and bump.The most frequently used block system is " based on the train operation control of track circuit " (Track Circuit Based Train Control in history, TBTC), development along with modern computing technology machine and the communication technology, more advanced " based on the train operation control of communication " (Communication Based Train Control has appearred again at present, CBTC), make train have higher reliability, alerting ability and operation efficiency.
TBTC and CBTC express is actually a kind of method or means that realize section blocked, if form and effect from obturation, then can be divided into " fixed block system " (Fixed Block System, FBS) and " moving block system " (Moving Block System, MBS).The block section of fixed block system is changeless, and block section must be greater than the length of train; The length of block section of movable block then is variable, can automatically adjust according to the parameter of train own, and can move with train operation, is a kind of based on " feasible distance " master mode (distance-to-go).Movable block requires higher than fixed blocking, but also has higher operation efficiency simultaneously.CBTC-MBS has represented the higher level of modern train control.
Yet no matter be TBCT, CBTC, or FBS, MBS, very close contacting arranged between train and the ground, will implement actv. between train and the ground communicates by letter, and by the wayside equipment inspection or confirm the position of train, could form actv. " obturation ", avoid train to enter block section and bump.In this sense, TBCT and CBTC have embodied two kinds of different signalling methodss, the former realizes contacting of train and ground by track circuit, CBCT realizes communicating by letter of train and ground by wireless mode, and is implemented in the location on the ground rail in train and ground communication.
In order to realize described positioning function, must lay at train rail the facilities such as track circuit, wheel counting apparatus, responser, cross-inductive cable and detect train position, and the train position signal is sent to train controlling center (Vehicle Control Centre, VCC), generating block section and indication or control train by train controlling center more at last moves in described interval.
Yet this process is not only complicated, and cost is also relatively more expensive, and when control center's et out of order, the operation of train will stop, the manual operation pattern that maybe can only adopt no signal to ensure, and the safe in operation of train is not ensure in this case.
The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is, for the technical deficiency of above-mentioned existing product, provides a kind of Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system based on range finding.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system based on range finding, comprising:
Be used for the first not identical wireless signal of beam transmission speed of transmission and the wireless launcher of the second wireless signal, described wireless launcher is installed in the place ahead last vehicle of train or the place ahead platform signal lamp, wherein said the first wireless signal is used for time lock, and described the second wireless signal is used for range observation;
Be used for described first and second wireless signal of beam reception, and according to described first and second wireless signal calculate and the place ahead train or the place ahead platform signal lamp between the wireless receiver of distance, described wireless receiver is installed on rear train head; And
Be used for generating a real-time dynamic virtual block section according to described rear Train Parameters, and described block section and the described distance that calculates compared, if described distance is less than described block section then send braking instruction to described rear train, avoiding and the place ahead train unexpected Train Control device that bumps, described Train Control device is installed in the train of described rear.
Further, described wireless launcher further comprises:
Be used for the respectively wireless signal transmission unit of described first and second wireless signal of beam transmission; And
Be used for described first and second wireless signal is carried out code modulated digital coding modulating unit.
Further, described wireless signal transmission unit further comprises:
The infrared signal transmitter unit that is used for the beam transmission infrared signal; And
The ultrasonic signal transmitter unit that is used for the beam transmission ultrasonic signal.
Further, described wireless receiver further comprises:
Be used for the respectively reception of wireless signals unit of described first and second wireless signal of beam reception; And
Digital coding reduction unit for reduction that described first and second wireless signal is encoded.
Further, described reception of wireless signals unit further comprises:
The infrared signal reception unit that is used for the beam reception infrared signal; And
The ultrasonic signal receiving element that is used for the beam reception ultrasonic signal.
Further, described Train Control device further comprises:
Be used for detecting in real time the Train Parameters detecting unit of described rear Train Parameters; Or
Be used for inputting the Train Parameters input block of described rear Train Parameters.
The beneficial effect that the utlity model has is that it is a brand-new Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system based on range finding, the generation of its train block section does not also rely on track circuit, wheel counting apparatus, responser, track or the roadside equipment/facilities such as cross-inductive cable, do not rely on train controlling center yet, its movable block control system is a board units, can be installed on train inside, compare with existing block system, the utility model embodiment has simply, convenient, directly, the characteristics such as reliable are selected for modern train control provides a kind of new technological means and product.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, the below will do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes only is embodiment more of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is that prior art is based on the Train Control moving block system scheme drawing of communication;
Fig. 2 is the Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system scheme drawing based on range finding of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the scheme drawing that the Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system based on range finding of the utility model embodiment is stopped in platform;
Fig. 4 is the block diagram based on the Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system of finding range of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the wireless signal range finding mode chart based on the Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system of finding range of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the method for work diagram of circuit based on the Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system of finding range of the utility model embodiment.
The specific embodiment
The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Please refer to first shown in Figure 1ly, this is prior art based on the Train Control moving block system scheme drawing of communication.11 trains that travel for the place ahead among the figure, 12 trains of following for the rear, two trains move on same track 13.For can effectively detect the position of train and make wayside equipment can with the train efficient communication, used cross-inductive cable 14 among the figure, the per 25 meters intersections of described cross cable once can receive corresponding signal during train process cross cable, thereby can realize per 25 meters positioning actions once.For the further reliability of increase system, except cross cable, also can increase in orbit wheel counting apparatus 15, when (waiting impact such as being disturbed) lost efficacy in the cross cable induction, wheel counting apparatus also can carry out train and locate.Train position information can be by the train controlling center 16(Vehicle Control Centre of cable transmission to a distant place, VCC), control center just knows the position of corresponding train on the rail like this, and can control the related column car and in a virtual block section, move, thereby avoid the generation of train colliding accident.
For train from overtaking collision collision does not occur, rear train 12 must keep a suitable distance with the place ahead train 11.So-called suitably distance is exactly that the rear train also can stop car, is unlikely to bump when the place ahead train suddenly stops (can suppose the worst situation, for example train is overstepped the limit suddenly out of service).The stopping distance of train is relevant with many-sided factor, and is for example relevant with the speed of a motor vehicle and the braking force of train, specifically is presented on the parking curve.19 is parking curves of rear train 12 among the figure, and ordinate is the speed V of train among the figure, and abscissa is the stopping distance S of train, and train speed is higher, and stopping distance is just larger.Concrete available S=V 0T-at 2/ 2 and t=V 0/ a calculates, wherein V 0Be the speed of train, a is the negative acceleration of train braking, and t is the time of Train Stopping, and S is stopping distance.Formula further there is S=V after the simplification 0 2/ 2a.For example suppose V 0=20 meter per seconds (corresponding to 72 kilometers speed per hour), a are 1.33 meter per seconds square, then S=150 rice.Also to add in the ordinary course of things for example 25 meters of safe clearance S1(), then in these cases train length of block section is S+S1=175 meter.An important process of train controlling center 16 is that the control train does not enter within the described 175 meters block section, and this also is the meaning of described block system.
The below is referring again to shown in Figure 2, and this is the Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system scheme drawing based on range finding of the utility model embodiment.21 is the place ahead train among the figure, and 22 is the rear train, travels on same track 23.Fig. 2 is simple more a lot of than Fig. 1, because need not surface facility as shown in Figure 1 on the system principle of the utility model embodiment, comprises cross-inductive cable 14, wheel counting apparatus 15, train controlling center 16 etc.
25 is that the place ahead train 21 sends among Fig. 2, and can receive and identify by rear train 22, the wireless signal (comprising the first wireless signal and the second wireless signal) that is used for range observation, described wireless signal is received by the wireless receiver that is installed in rear train 22, described wireless receiver can be measured real-time distance between two cars according to wireless signal 25, also will have further instruction below about its specific works principle.Consider the length of railway car itself, wireless launcher is preferably mounted at the afterbody of the place ahead train, and wireless receiver is preferably mounted at the head of rear train.29 is the parking curve of train 22 among the figure, if train is braked since position, 27 place, then can stop at 28 places S+S2(safe clearance) be the real-time dynamic virtual length of block section that train 22 generates in speed V situation, this is described with earlier figures 1 to be the same basically.
The place different with Fig. 1 mainly is there is not wayside equipment among Fig. 2, and the generation of its block section does not rely on train controlling center yet, prevents that the important task that train enters block section from will be served as by train self.Owing to do not need complicated wayside equipment, and need not signal is delivered to control center from the place ahead train, be sent on the train of rear by control center again, and all control conveniences are vehicle-mounted, therefore system not only can simplify, simultaneously also be easier to maintaining, and have higher reliability and greater flexibility.The place ahead train 21 in actual applications, also can transmit at the train head from the last vehicle of train wireless signal emission simultaneously among Fig. 2, so just can avoid the train head-on crash, and its principle is the same, has not just given unnecessary details here.
The below is referring again to shown in Figure 3, and this is the scheme drawing that the Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system based on range finding of the utility model embodiment is stopped in platform.31 is the signal lamp of the place ahead platform among the figure, and when train was wanted inbound parking, signal lamp was red, and indicating train will stop before signal lamp.In the present embodiment, wireless signal transmitter is placed within the signal lamp 31, when red signal is arranged, the discernible wireless signal 25(that can be used for range observation of meeting synchronized transmission train comprises the first wireless signal and the second wireless signal), described signal can be by rear train 22(for for the purpose of unified, the train of the described wireless signal for finding range of every reception all is called the rear train, no matter the place ahead is train or signal lamp) receive, and by a rear train basis Train Parameters generation real-time dynamic virtual block section (S+S2) at that time, and begin braking in 27 places according to the requirement of block section, and finally stop at 28 places, and with red light at a distance of the safety distance of S2.This is the same with earlier figures 2 on principle, the occasion difference of just using.
The below is referring again to shown in Figure 4, and this is the block diagram based on the Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system of finding range of the utility model embodiment.21 is the place ahead train (or front signal lamp) among the figure, 32 for being disposed at the wireless launcher on 21, include infrared signal transmitter unit and ultrasonic signal transmitter unit in the wireless launcher 32, can send simultaneously infrared signal 33(the first wireless signal) and ultrasonic signal 35(the second wireless signal), the combination of these two signals is equal to the aforesaid wireless signal 25 that can be used for range observation.Described 33,35 wireless receivers 36 that are installed on the rear train 22 receive, in 36, include respectively infrared signal receiving element, ultrasonic signal receiving element, can receive respectively described infrared signal 33 and ultrasonic signal 35, and can go out relative distance (will have further instruction below about the specific works principle) with the place ahead train (or front signal lamp) according to these two kinds of calculated signals.For better realization range observation, and can in the process of measuring distance, transmit simultaneously data, in wireless launcher 32, also include the digital coding modulating unit, and in wireless receiver 36, also include the digital decoding reduction unit, from the waveform (or time difference of receive data) of reduction, can calculate the distance (distance before and after being equal between the train) between projector and the receptor, and can calculate according to the continuous detecting of this distance relative velocity and relative acceleration between two cars.In this case, wireless signal 25 can be described as " wireless digital code signal ", and infrared signal 33 and ultrasonic signal 35 can be called " digital coding infrared signal " and reach " digital coding ultrasonic signal ".In the ordinary course of things, 33 and 35 digital coding mode and the phase places that in signal projector, have identical (or relevant).
Include in the wings a Train Control device 38 in the train 22, this controller includes the Train Parameters detecting unit, can detect in real time current Train Parameters (comprising speed of a motor vehicle, load carrying ability, brake ability, track grade of train etc.), in order to can generate a dynamic real-time block section by the block section generation unit, the length of this dynamically real-time block section is reflected on the aforesaid parking curve.For the not high occasion of requirement of real-time, can select the Train Parameters input block, the parameter of input rear train also generates a block section by the block section generation unit.If in generating the process of block section the relative velocity between two trains is also taken into account, then system can make train operation have higher efficient, because the train that at the uniform velocity advances with identical speed of two row can not bump in theory; When the train deceleration of the place ahead, do not have the problem of collision if the rear train can slow down synchronously yet, but must guarantee that the rear train can reach reliable deceleration automatically, and do not have the situation appearance of the place ahead train all standing.
After described dynamic block section generates, the Train Control device can compare the real-time distance in block section and two workshops, if the distance in two workshops is greater than length of block section then to represent train be safe, if instead described distance then is dangerous less than described burst length, at this moment the braking instruction unit just can send corresponding braking instruction, the indication navigating mate begins braking (or directly sending instructions to train braking system enforcement braking), enters in the described block section to avoid train.
The below is referring again to shown in Figure 5, and this is the wireless signal range finding mode chart based on the Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system of finding range of the utility model embodiment.330 is described infra-red code signal 33(the first wireless signal among the figure) in the mode chart of wireless receiver mouth, 350 is described super sonic code signal 35(the second wireless signal) in the mode chart of wireless receiver mouth.Although these two signals all are the same at the waveform of wireless launcher end with phase place, but owing between projector and the receptor space length is arranged, and (the infrared ray propagation speed is 300,000 kilometer per seconds, can be considered for moment arrival and without delay owing to the speed that two kinds of signals transmit in air is different; And super sonic is 340 meter per seconds in airborne propagation speed (during 15 ° of C), so two groups of waveforms that signal is seen in receiver end just have a time difference, and this time difference is called phase difference for we or phase time is poor.331 and 332 is the synchronization bit of infra-red code signal among the figure, represents the beginning of an infrared signal data packet; 351 and 352 is the synchronization bit of super sonic code signal, represents the beginning of a ultrasonic signal data packet.Waveform and phase place at these two signals of wireless launcher end are the same, but through after the air borne of certain distance, ultrasonic signal at receiver end has obviously postponed than infrared signal, T1, T2 have just showed these two signal delay situations (phase time are poor among the figure, begin to measure from the synchronization bit falling edge), also be that the relative infrared signal of ultrasonic signal has postponed respectively T1, T2.Can adopt the digital coding mode of " 0 " and " 1 " for signal, and the time length of the high-low level of available signal pulse defines.In the drawings, the relative narrow interval with of pulse represents digital " 0 ", and pulse represents numeral " 1 " (other different coded system and digital definition mode can be arranged) from a relatively wide interval in real system.Whether be the data that send the same period in order to identify two waveforms (data packet), the cognizance code that in above-mentioned waveform, has also comprised data packet, for example T1 for " 0001 ... " data packet (the first data packet) measure, T2 then for " 0010 ... " data packet (the second data packet) measure, the waveform of system only can be identical with having (or relevant) code compares, the situation that can just not have like this waveform dislocation has occurred, and can realize that namely the signal on the receiving device is synchronous.
Below make analysis and calculation by some concrete data instances, suppose that above-mentioned waveform is from system shown in Figure 2, and two trains all at the uniform velocity travel with 72 kilometers speed per hour (20 meter per second), and the real-time virtual length of block section that this moment, the rear train generated is 175 meters.When the place ahead train that wireless launcher is housed synchronization rearward train send infrared signal and ultrasonic signal, by front described, the rear train of wireless receiver is housed when receiving signal, infrared signal is almost without postponing, ultrasonic signal then has delay (for example T1 among Fig. 5), the T1 that this moment, hypothesis measured is 514.706 milliseconds, the interval (was measured once distance in per 1 second in order to simplify the calculating supposing the system after 1 second, can measure in practice more frequently) the place ahead train again simultaneously rearward train send infrared signal and ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic signal delay time that the rear train receives such as the T2 among Fig. 5, suppose that the T2 that measures is 512.744 milliseconds, distance in the time of then can calculating two trains and measure for twice in front and back according to the formula of S=V* Δ T is about 175.0 meters and 174.333 meters (suppose that temperature is 15 degrees centigrade, the hypracoustic propagation speed is 340 meter per seconds) respectively.Hence one can see that, and the first time, 175 meters real-time block sections (175 meters) with the rear train of relative distance of front and back two trains that meter is calculated were identical, then were safe, need not braking; For the second time therefore 174.333 meters real-time block sections less than the rear train of relative distance (175 meters) of meter front and back two trains of calculating need to send braking instruction to the rear train.On the other hand, can learn that from the two train relative distances that twice meter in front and back calculated the distance of two trains between 1 second has changed 0.667 meter, according to the variation of this distance can calculate have 1.33 meters/square seconds between two cars negative acceleration (according to formula a=2S/t 2Calculate).Can judge the place ahead train according to this acceleration/accel and brake, and according to 72 kilometers speed per hour (20 meter per second) and the negative acceleration of 1.33 meters/square seconds, press S=V 0 2/ 2a can further calculate the place ahead train and can stop after 150 meters to overtake after 15 seconds that reduce speed now, and at this moment the rear train also should carry out synchronous braking, crashes with the place ahead train in order to avoid enter within the block section.
From above-mentioned analysis, can find, the first wireless signal (infrared signal) is mainly used in time lock, it has represented the phase place (not considering the delay of infrared signal) when wireless launcher sends wireless signal, the second wireless signal (ultrasonic signal) then is mainly used in range observation, as long as second wireless signal that will receive and the first wireless signal compare, and poor second wireless signal that multiply by of the phase time of the second wireless signal just can be calculated distance between receptor and the projector in airborne propagation speed, specifically can calculate with formula S=V*T.In actual applications, can also do the first wireless signal and the second wireless signal with other two kinds of different signals of propagation speed, such as realizing the first wireless signal with radiofrequency signal, microwave signal, laser signal etc., and can transmit ultrasonic signal etc. by the track metal, principle all is the same in fact, has not specifically just given unnecessary details.
The below is referring again to shown in Figure 6, and this is the method for work diagram of circuit based on the Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system of finding range of the utility model embodiment, and comprises the steps:
Step S601 is in the place ahead train (or front signal lamp) directive sending the first wireless signal and the second wireless signal, and wherein said the first wireless signal is used for time lock, and described the second wireless signal is used for range observation.
Step S602 is in described first and second wireless signal of rear train beam reception, and according to described first and second wireless signal calculate and the place ahead train (or front signal lamp) between distance.
Step S603 generates a real-time dynamic virtual block section in described rear train according to Train Parameters, and described block section and described distance compared, if described distance is less than described block section then send braking instruction to described rear train, to avoid and the place ahead train occurs to bump against unexpected.
The beneficial effect that the utlity model has is that it is a brand-new Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system based on range finding, the generation of its train block section does not also rely on track circuit, wheel counting apparatus, responser, track or the roadside equipment/facilities such as cross-inductive cable, do not rely on train controlling center yet, its movable block control system is a board units, can be installed on train inside, compare with existing block system, the utility model embodiment has simply, convenient, directly, the characteristics such as reliable are selected for modern train control provides a kind of new technological means and product.
Above disclosed only is the utility model preferred embodiment, certainly can not limit with this interest field of the utility model, and the equivalent variations of therefore doing according to the utility model claim still belongs to the scope that the utility model is contained.

Claims (6)

1. the Train Control vehicle-mounted mobile block system based on range finding is characterized in that, comprising:
Be used for the first not identical wireless signal of beam transmission speed of transmission and the wireless launcher of the second wireless signal, described wireless launcher is installed in the place ahead train or the place ahead platform signal lamp, wherein said the first wireless signal is used for time lock, and described the second wireless signal is used for range observation;
Be used for described first and second wireless signal of beam reception, and according to described first and second wireless signal calculate and the place ahead train on or the wireless receiver of distance between the platform signal lamp of the place ahead, described wireless receiver is installed on the train of rear; And
Be used for generating a block section according to described rear Train Parameters, and described block section and the described distance that calculates compared, if described distance is less than described block section then send braking instruction to described rear train, avoiding and the place ahead train unexpected Train Control device that bumps, described Train Control device is installed in the train of described rear.
2. vehicle-mounted mobile block system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described wireless launcher further comprises:
Be used for the respectively wireless signal transmission unit of described first and second wireless signal of beam transmission; And
Be used for described first and second wireless signal is carried out code modulated digital coding modulating unit.
3. vehicle-mounted mobile block system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described wireless signal transmission unit further comprises:
The infrared signal transmitter unit that is used for the beam transmission infrared signal; And
The ultrasonic signal transmitter unit that is used for the beam transmission ultrasonic signal.
4. vehicle-mounted mobile block system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described wireless receiver further comprises:
Be used for the respectively reception of wireless signals unit of described first and second wireless signal of beam reception; And
Digital coding reduction unit for reduction that described first and second wireless signal is encoded.
5. vehicle-mounted mobile block system as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described reception of wireless signals unit further comprises:
The infrared signal reception unit that is used for the beam reception infrared signal; And
The ultrasonic signal receiving element that is used for the beam reception ultrasonic signal.
6. vehicle-mounted mobile block system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described Train Control device further comprises:
Be used for detecting in real time the Train Parameters detecting unit of described rear Train Parameters; Or
Be used for inputting the Train Parameters input block of described rear Train Parameters.
CN 201220350420 2011-07-27 2012-07-19 Train-mounted mobile block system for train controlling based on distance measurement Expired - Fee Related CN202863478U (en)

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