CN202856582U - Direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor - Google Patents
Direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN202856582U CN202856582U CN2011203492813U CN201120349281U CN202856582U CN 202856582 U CN202856582 U CN 202856582U CN 2011203492813 U CN2011203492813 U CN 2011203492813U CN 201120349281 U CN201120349281 U CN 201120349281U CN 202856582 U CN202856582 U CN 202856582U
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor, which is an inner rotor multi-speed motor. The motor consists of a stator, a rotor, a shaft, an end cover and an electronic transmission. A three-phase stator winding is wound on a stator core. Each phase of stator winding comprises two completely identical phase winding units. A group of binary hexacodes of different values are input to the control signal input end of the motor, and different switch statuses of three magnetic latching relays or six ordinary electromagnetic relays are controlled to realize the conversion of series connection and parallel connection of the two phase winding units in each phase of winding and Y or Delta connection modes for the three-phase winding to realize the conversion of three speed levels of the motor. The direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor is endowed with high power density, high starting torque, high high-speed performance and running stability.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of drive motors of electric motor car, relates to or rather a kind of direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor from the bandwidth range speed change.
Background technology
Electric motor car is to the speed of motor and the specification requirement of torque: need large torque low velocity during starting, torque-demand is low but very high speed will be arranged when normally travelling, and requires to have very wide scope at lowest speed with the most at a high speed.
At present, the drive motors mode of known domestic and international electric motor car has following several:
One, adopt the winding number of turns and winding wire diameter is fixed or the winding number of turns can change but the fixing inner rotor motor of wire diameter, by mechanical gear box, pass through again in the back axle left and right sides power transmission shaft with transmission of power to wheel.
Shortcoming is to need to be equipped with expensive mechanical gear box, has increased mechanical loss, has increased the weight of car, occupies the space in the car, produces simultaneously and assemble also to have consumed a large amount of man power and materials.
Two, adopt winding wire diameter fix and umber of turn to change according to the speed needs be the drive motors of tapping formula, without gearbox, directly be contained in and drive wheel on the back axle and travel.
Shortcoming: can only change the number of turn of winding, can not change the sectional area of winding conducting wire, thereby the rated current of winding is restricted, rated power also just is restricted, the requirement that can not satisfy the vehicle starting climbing and run at high speed.When using a small amount of number of turn operation, all the other most of windings are idle, the confined space that had both taken wire casing has also been wasted copper cash, the specification requirement that wants to make power of motor and torque reach automobile then motor volume will increase several times and even decades of times, and such volume and weight has been unsuitable for being contained on the automobile.
Three, the fixing drive motors of the winding number of turns and winding wire diameter utilizes three windings " Y " connection and " Δ " connection conversion to come change speed.Shortcoming: speed adjustable range is narrow, and the speed governing gradient is large, if certainly will will with the large diameter insulated conductor of whole windings, waste limited wire casing space and also waste copper cash the large diameter demand of winding conducting wire when will satisfy " Δ " connection.
This shows that the drive motors of above-mentioned existing electric motor car still has many defectives.Because the defective that the drive motors of above-mentioned existing electric motor car exists, the design people is based on for many years product design manufacturing experience and professional knowledge, positive research and innovation in addition, in the hope of founding a kind of direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor that improves molding structure, can improve the general on the market molding structure of the drive motors of existing conventional electric motor car, make it have more practicality.Through constantly research, design, and after repeatedly studying sample and improvement, finally create the present invention who has practical value.
The utility model content
Technical problem underlying to be solved in the utility model is, overcome the defective that existing driving motor of electric vehicle exists, and a kind of direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor of new structure is provided, moment of torsion is very large in the time of not only rotating speed and the torque excursion is wide turns, and the slow-speed of revolution.The utility model solves its technical problem underlying and realizes by the following technical solutions.Direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor according to the present invention's proposition, it is the internal rotor multispeed electric machine, include stator, p-m rotor, the magnetic latching relay that is used for speed change, motor shaft, end cap, it is characterized in that: rotor is made of the cylinder that is fixed on the motor shaft (15) that outer surface is equipped with one group of permanent magnet (12), stator is made of stator casing (16) and the stator core that has wire casing (14) (13) that is installed in stator casing inside, stator winding is contained in the stator slot and uses slot wedge (11) with the notches for wire shutoff, between the stator core (13) of motor internal and end cap (21), the first magnetic latching relay (7) is housed, the second magnetic latching relay (8), the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9) is as the speed Control device, the first magnetic latching relay (7), the second magnetic latching relay (8), include respectively again three simultaneously contact sets of action in the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), every phase stator winding in the threephase stator winding is identical by two totals number of turns, the winding conducting wire diameter is identical, the phase winding unit that the winding conducting wire total sectional area is identical forms, be equipped with insulating barrier between each phase winding unit and between whole phase winding and the stator slot, each phase winding unit can both independently use as complete phase winding, six binary codings by inputting one group of different value i.e. the data groups of six high-low levels combinations, control the different on off states of three magnetic latching relays or six electromagnetic relays, realization is to the series connection of two phase winding unit in every phase winding, parallel connection and the conversion that be connected into star or leg-of-mutton connected mode total to three phase windings, realize the conversion of three speed steps of motor, cut off in advance the motor power power supply by the outer management system of machine in the whole gear shifting operation process, automatic recovery of power supply after speed change is finished, in order to avoid getting an electric shock, burns by magnetic latching relay, during one speed operation, connect respectively in two phase winding unit in every phase winding, and three phase windings are connected into star; During the two-speed operation, two phase winding unit in every phase winding are in parallel respectively, and three phase windings are connected into star; During three speed operations, two phase winding unit in every phase winding are in parallel respectively, and three phase windings are connected into triangle, and direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor consists of the multiple unit direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor by a plurality of rotors with corresponding a plurality of stators.
The utility model solves its technical problem and can also adopt following technical measures further to realize.
The syntagmatic of the magnetic latching relay in the described direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor and phase winding unit is: the first magnetic latching relay (7), the second magnetic latching relay (8), the first magnetic latching relay contact sets (7a in the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), 7b, contact two and three 7c) is connected respectively, all the other contacts disconnect, the second magnetic latching relay contact sets (8a, 8b, contact one and two 8c) is off-state, the 3rd magnetic latching relay contact sets (9a, 9b, contact two and three 9c) is connected respectively, all the other contacts disconnect, the connection status of each phase winding unit is: A is the first winding (2a) mutually, B is the first winding (2b) mutually, C mutually the first winding (2c) first head respectively with A, B, the C three phase mains connects, the A mutually tail head of the first winding (2a) is connected with the first head of A phase the second winding (3a), the B mutually tail head of the first winding (2b) is connected with the first head of B phase the second winding (3b), the C mutually tail head of the first winding (2c) is connected with the first head of C phase the second winding (3c), be that A phase the first winding (2a) is connected with A phase the second winding (3a), B mutually the first winding (2b) connects with B phase the second winding (3b), C mutually the first winding (2c) connects with C phase the second winding (3c), while A is the second winding (3a) mutually, B is the second winding (3b) mutually, the C mutually tail end of the second winding (3c) links together, namely the total connected mode of three phase windings is star, and be the first speed this moment.
The first magnetic latching relay (7), the second magnetic latching relay (8), the first magnetic latching relay contact sets (7a in the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), 7b, contact one and two 7c) is connected respectively, the second magnetic latching relay contact sets (8a, 8b, contact one and two 8c) is connected respectively, the 3rd magnetic latching relay contact sets (9a, 9b, when the contact two and three 9c) is connected respectively, the connection status of each phase winding unit is: A is the first winding (2a) mutually, B is the first winding (2b) mutually, C mutually the first winding (2c) first head respectively with A, B, the C three phase mains connects, the A mutually tail head of the first winding (2a) is connected with the tail head of A phase the second winding (3a), the A mutually first head of the second winding (3a) is connected with the first head of A phase the first winding (2a), the B mutually tail head of the first winding (2b) is connected with the tail head of B phase the second winding (3b), the B mutually first head of the second winding (3b) is connected with the first head of B phase the first winding (2b), the C mutually tail head of the first winding (2c) is connected with the tail head of C phase the second winding (3c), the C mutually first head of the second winding (3c) is connected with the first head of C phase the first winding (2c), be that the first winding (2a) is in parallel with A phase the second winding (3a) mutually for A, B mutually the first winding (2b) is in parallel with B phase the second winding (3b), C mutually the first winding (2c) is in parallel with C phase the second winding (3c), while A is the first winding (2a) mutually, B is the first winding (2b) mutually, C is the first winding (2c) mutually, A is the second winding (3a) mutually, B is the second winding (3b) mutually, C mutually the second winding (3c) tail end links together, namely the total connected mode of three phase windings is star, and be the second speed this moment.
The first magnetic latching relay (7), the second magnetic latching relay (8), the first magnetic latching relay contact sets (7a in the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), 7b, contact one and two 7c) is connected respectively, the second magnetic latching relay contact sets (8a, 8b, contact one and two 8c) is connected respectively, the 3rd magnetic latching relay contact sets (9a, 9b, when the contact one and two 9c) is connected respectively, the connection status of each phase winding unit is: A is the first winding (2a) mutually, B is the first winding (2b) mutually, C mutually the first winding (2c) first head respectively with A, B, the C three phase mains connects, the A mutually tail head of the first winding (2a) is connected with the tail head of A phase the second winding (3a), the A mutually first head of the second winding (3a) is connected with the first head of A phase the first winding (2a), the B mutually tail head of the first winding (2b) is connected with the tail head of B phase the second winding (3b), the B mutually first head of the second winding (3b) is connected with the first head of B phase the first winding (2b), the C mutually tail head of the first winding (2c) is connected with the tail head of C phase the second winding (3c), the C mutually first head of the second winding (3c) is connected with the first head of C phase the first winding (2c), be that the first winding (2a) is in parallel with A phase the second winding (3a) mutually for A, B mutually the first winding (2b) is in parallel with B phase the second winding (3b), C mutually the first winding (2c) is in parallel with C phase the second winding (3c), while A is the first winding (2a) mutually, A is the tail end and C phase the first winding (2c) of the second winding (3a) mutually, the C mutually head end of the second winding (3c) connects, B is the first winding (2b) mutually, B is the tail end and A phase the first winding (2a) of the second winding (3b) mutually, the A mutually head end of the second winding (3a) connects, C is the first winding (2c) mutually, C is the tail end and B phase the first winding (2b) of the second winding (3c) mutually, the B mutually head end of the second winding (3b) connects, namely the total connected mode of three phase windings is triangle, and be the 3rd speed this moment.
Identical and three phase windings being distributed symmetrically in motor stator of electrical quantity of each phase in the threephase stator winding in the front described motor stator.
Front described relay is magnetic latching relay, and magnetic latching relay includes respectively three simultaneously contact sets of action, and three, three, two effective contacts are arranged respectively on each contact sets.
Front described magnetic latching relay outside is equipped with magnetic masking layer, between magnetic latching relay and the magnetic masking layer insulating barrier is housed, and all the control line of magnetic latching relays is drawn by a multicore cable with screen.
Be fixed with three Hall rotor-position sensors in three special-purpose grooves at front described motor stator core edge and operate steadily reliably to guarantee motor, and temperature sensor is housed in the motor stator winding, be used for monitoring winding temperature.
Front described direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor is to consist of one or two unit direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motors by one or two rotor and one or two corresponding stator.
The utility model compared with prior art has obvious advantage and beneficial effect.By above technical scheme as can be known, the utility model is owing to adopt technique scheme, make it under the condition that guarantees three phase winding symmetries, by to the change of winding coil turn and to the change of winding conducting wire total sectional area, realization is to the control of the magnetic flux density of winding generation, motor torque and rotating speed can be changed on a large scale, simultaneously high-power, the winding coil total sectional area is in maximum rating under the state of large electric current, the number of turn is minimum state, the motor internal resistance is minimum state, the copper loss of motor damage and iron loss are decreased and have just been dropped to minimum like this, improved electric efficiency, the utilance 100% of insulated conductor, thus motor volume reduced, reduced amount of copper consuming, simple in structure, be convenient to produce and use, volume is fit to and existing automobile assembling.
This case inventor studies the drive motors product experience of existing ten several years, quite understand for the existing problem of the drive motors of existing electric motor car and defective, and the present invention is the direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor that research and development are founded according to defects, it can reach purpose and the effect of expection really, not only on the kenel of space, really belong to innovation, and the true accessory of the drive motors of more existing electric motor car has suitable enhancement effect, and existing known products has more technological progress and practicality, and produced handy and practical good effect, and really have practicality.
In sum, the utility model really belongs to innovation on the kenel of space, and has the multinomial effect of enhancement than existing product, and simple in structure, is suitable for practicality, has the extensive value of industry.It is in the field of technical development limited space, no matter structurally or larger improvement all arranged on the function, and have large improvement technically, and produced handy and practical effect, and really has the effect of enhancement, thereby more being suitable for practicality, really is a new and innovative, progressive, practical new design.
Above-mentioned explanation only is the general introduction of technical solutions of the utility model feature part, for making the professional and technical personnel can clearer understanding technological means of the present invention, and can be implemented according to the content of specification, below with preferred embodiment of the present utility model and cooperate accompanying drawing to be described in detail as follows.
Embodiment of the present utility model is provided in detail by following examples and accompanying drawing thereof.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor.
Equivalent circuit diagram when Fig. 2 is first speed (low speed) of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor.
Each contacts status and the circuit theory diagrams of the first magnetic latching relay (7) when Fig. 3 is the speed (low speed) of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor, the second magnetic latching relay (8), the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9).
Equivalent circuit diagram when Fig. 4 is second speed (middling speed) of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor.
Each contacts status and the circuit theory diagrams of the first magnetic latching relay (7) when Fig. 5 is second speed (middling speed) of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor, the second magnetic latching relay (8), the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9).
Equivalent circuit diagram when Fig. 6 is the 3rd speed (at a high speed) of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor.
Each contacts status and the circuit theory diagrams of the first magnetic latching relay (7) when Fig. 7 is the 3rd speed (at a high speed) of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor, the second magnetic latching relay (8), the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9).
Fig. 8-the 1st, the schematic diagram of the first magnetic latching relay (7) in the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor.
Fig. 8-the 2nd, the schematic diagram of the second magnetic latching relay (8) in the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor.
Fig. 8-the 3rd, the schematic diagram of the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9) in the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor.
Fig. 9 is a unit motor schematic cross section of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor.
Figure 10 is the sectional arrangement drawing of a unit motor of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor.
Figure 11 is the sectional arrangement drawing of two unit motors of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor.
End attribute to the phase winding unit among the figure is defined as: the end that the phase winding unit indicates stain ". " is the head (head end) of phase winding unit, and not having a markd end is tail (tail end).
Accompanying drawing critical piece description of symbols
(1a), (1b), (1c) are respectively A, B, the C three phase mains lead-in wires of motor among Fig. 1 to 11, (2a), (2b), (2c); (3a), (3b), (3c) are respectively a phase the first winding, b phase the first winding, c phase the first winding, a phase the second winding, b phase the second winding, c phase second winding of motor, be six phase winding unit of motor, (7) be that the first magnetic latching relay, (8) are that the second magnetic latching relay, (9) are the 3rd magnetic latching relay, (7a, 7b, 7c) is the first magnetic latching relay electric shock group; (8a, 8b, 8c) is the second magnetic latching relay electric shock group; (9a, 9b, 9c) is the 3rd magnetic latching relay electric shock group; (10) insulating barrier (11) slot wedge, (12) rotor permanent magnet, (13) stator core, (14) stator slot, (15) motor shaft, (16) rotor case, (17) magnetic masking layer, (18) magnetic latching relay insulating barrier, (19) bearing, (20) shaft seal, (21) electric motor end cap, (22) Hall rotor-position sensor, (23) hall signal line, (24) end cap hold-down screw.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to according to its embodiment, structure, feature and the effect thereof that the utility model proposes, be described in detail as follows.
See also Fig. 1 to shown in Figure 11, the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor, it is the internal rotor multispeed electric machine, include stator, p-m rotor, the magnetic latching relay that is used for speed change, motor shaft and end cap form, it is characterized in that: rotor is made of the cylinder that is fixed on the motor shaft (15) that outer surface is equipped with one group of permanent magnet (12), stator is made of stator casing (16) and the stator core that has wire casing (14) (13) that is installed in stator casing inside, stator winding is contained in the stator slot and uses slot wedge (11) with the notches for wire shutoff, between the stator core (13) of motor internal and end cap (21), the first magnetic latching relay (7) is housed, the second magnetic latching relay (8), the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9) is as the speed Control device, the first magnetic latching relay (7), the second magnetic latching relay (8), include respectively again three simultaneously contact sets of action in the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), every phase stator winding in the threephase stator winding is identical by two totals number of turns, the winding conducting wire diameter is identical, the phase winding unit that the winding conducting wire total sectional area is identical forms, be equipped with insulating barrier between each phase winding unit and between whole phase winding and the stator slot, each phase winding unit can both independently use as complete phase winding, six binary codings by inputting one group of different value i.e. the data groups of six high-low levels combinations, control the different on off states of three magnetic latching relays or six common electrical magnetic relaies, realization is to the series connection of two phase winding unit in every phase winding, parallel connection and the conversion that be connected into star or leg-of-mutton connected mode total to three phase windings, realize the conversion of three speed steps of motor, cut off in advance the motor power power supply by the outer management system of machine in the whole gear shifting operation process, automatic recovery of power supply after speed change is finished, in order to avoid getting an electric shock, burns by magnetic latching relay, during one speed operation, connect respectively in two phase winding unit in every phase winding, and three phase windings are connected into star; During the two-speed operation, two phase winding unit in every phase winding are in parallel respectively, and three phase windings are connected into star; During three speed operations, two phase winding unit in every phase winding are in parallel respectively, and three phase windings are connected into triangle, and direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor consists of the multiple unit direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor by a plurality of rotors with corresponding a plurality of stators.
Include respectively three simultaneously the first magnetic latching relay contact sets (7a, 7b, 7c), the second magnetic latching relay contact sets (8a, 8b, 8c), the 3rd magnetic latching relay contact sets (9a, 9b, 9c) of action in the first magnetic latching relay recited above (7), the second magnetic latching relay (8), the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), in the first magnetic latching relay contact sets (7a, 7b, 7c) contact one, two, three is arranged; Contact one, two in the second magnetic latching relay contact sets (8a, 8b, 8c); In the 3rd magnetic latching relay contact sets (9a, 9b, 9c) contact one, two, three is arranged.
Shown in Figure 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor, be connected on respectively by three-phase power line (1a), (1b), (1c) on the contact two in the contact sets (8a, 8b, 8c) of the second magnetic latching relay (8), be connected on respectively simultaneously on the contact one in the contact sets (9b, 9c, 9a) of the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9); Contact three usefulness wires in the some group (9b, 9c, 9a) link together, the head end of phase winding unit (2a), (2b), (2c) is connected on three phase mains (1a), (1b), (1c), and tail end is connected on respectively on the contact two in the contact sets (7a, 7b, 7c) of the first magnetic latching relay (7); The head end of phase winding unit (3a), (3b), (3c) is connected on the contact one in the contact sets (8a, 8b, 8c) of the second magnetic latching relay (8), and tail end is connected on respectively on the contact two in the contact sets (9b, 9c, 9a) of the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9): the contact one in the contact sets (8a, 8b, 8c) of contact three ends in the contact sets of the first magnetic latching relay (7) (7a, 7b, 7c) and the second magnetic latching relay (8) links together with wire respectively; Contact two in the contact sets (9b, 9c, 9a) of the contact one in the contact sets of the first magnetic latching relay (7) (7a, 7b, 7c) and the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9) connects with wire respectively.
Be the first speed during electric motor starting, this moment, magnetic latching relay was connected respectively two phase winding unit of each phase, and three phase windings are connected into star, and equivalent electric circuit as shown in Figure 2.In motor middling speed (i.e. the second speed) when operation,, magnetic latching relay makes two phase winding unit of each phase in parallel respectively, and three phase windings are connected into star, and equivalent electric circuit as shown in Figure 4.At a high speed during (i.e. the 3rd speed) operation, magnetic latching relay makes the respectively parallel connection of two phase winding unit of each phase to motor, and three phase windings are connected into triangle, and equivalent electric circuit as shown in Figure 6.
Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3 equivalent electric circuit and circuit theory diagrams when being respectively first speed (low speed) of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor, when motor one speed starts, connect mutually in two phase winding unit of every phase, i.e. contact sets (the 9b of the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), 9c, contact two and three 9a) is connected respectively all the other contacts and is disconnected, contact sets (the 8a of the second magnetic latching relay (8), 8b, contact one and two 8c) is off-state, contact sets (the 7a of the first magnetic latching relay (7), 7b, contact two and three 7c) is connected respectively all the other contacts and is disconnected, this moment, the connection status of each phase winding unit was: phase winding unit (2a), (2b), first head (2c) respectively with A, B, the C three phase mains connects, the tail head of phase winding unit (2a) is connected with the first head of phase winding unit (3a), the tail head of phase winding unit (2b) is connected with the first head of phase winding unit (3b), the tail head of phase winding unit (2c) is connected with the first head of phase winding unit (3c), be to connect with phase winding unit (3a) in phase winding unit (2a), connect with phase winding unit (3b) in phase winding unit (2b), connect with phase winding unit (3c) in phase winding unit (2c), while phase winding unit (3a, 3b, tail end 3c) links together, and namely the total connected mode of three phase windings is star.
Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5 equivalent circuit diagram and circuit theory diagrams when being respectively second speed (middling speed) of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor, when motor the second speed, contact sets (the 7a of the first magnetic latching relay (7), 7b, contact one and two 7c) is connected respectively, contact sets (the 8a of the second magnetic latching relay (8), 8b, contact one and two 8c) is connected respectively, contact sets (the 9b of the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), 9c, contact two and three 9a) is connected respectively, this moment, the connection status of each phase winding unit was: phase winding unit (2a), (2b), first head (2c) respectively with A, B, the C three phase mains connects, the tail head of phase winding unit (2a) is connected with the tail head of phase winding unit (3a), the first head of phase winding unit (3a) is connected with the first head of phase winding unit (2a), the tail head of phase winding unit (2b) is connected with the tail head of phase winding unit (3b), the first head of phase winding unit (3b) is connected with the first head of phase winding unit (2b), the tail head of phase winding unit (2c) is connected with the tail head of phase winding unit (3c), the first head of phase winding unit (3c) is connected with the first head of phase winding unit (2c), be that phase winding unit (2a) is in parallel with phase winding unit (3a), phase winding unit (2b) is in parallel with phase winding unit (3b), phase winding unit (2c) is in parallel with phase winding unit (3c), while phase winding unit (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, tail end 3c) links together, and namely the total connected mode of three phase windings is star.
Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 7 equivalent circuit diagram and circuit theory diagrams when being respectively the 3rd speed (at a high speed) of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor, when motor three speed, contact sets (the 7a of the first magnetic latching relay (7), 7b, contact one and two 7c) is connected respectively, contact sets (the 8a of the second magnetic latching relay (8), 8b, contact one and two 8c) is connected respectively, contact sets (the 9b of the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), 9c, contact one and two 9a) is connected respectively, this moment, the connection status of each phase winding unit was: phase winding unit (2a, 2b, first head 2c) respectively with A, B, the C three phase mains connects, the tail head of phase winding unit (2a) is connected with the tail head of phase winding unit (3a), the first head of phase winding unit (3a) is connected with the first head of phase winding unit (2a), the tail head of phase winding unit (2b) is connected with the tail head of phase winding unit (3b), the first head of phase winding unit (3b) is connected with the first head of phase winding unit (2b), the tail head of phase winding unit (2c) is connected with the tail head of phase winding unit (3c), the first head of phase winding unit (3c) is connected with the first head of phase winding unit (2c), be that phase winding unit (2a) is in parallel with phase winding unit (3a), phase winding unit (2b) is in parallel with phase winding unit (3b), phase winding unit (2c) is in parallel with phase winding unit (3c), the tail end of phase winding unit (3a) is connected with the head end of phase winding unit (2c) simultaneously, the tail end of phase winding unit (3b) is connected with the head end of phase winding unit (2a), the tail end of phase winding unit (3c) is connected with the head end of phase winding unit (2b), and namely the total connected mode of three phase windings is triangle.
Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10 is that the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor is horizontal, sectional arrangement drawing, rotor is equipped with the cylinder of one group of permanent magnet (12) for being fixed on surface on the motor shaft (15) in the drawings, end cap (21) is fixed on the stator casing two ends with end cap hold-down screw (24), consist of motor stator by stator core (13) and the threephase stator winding on iron core, identical and three phase windings being distributed symmetrically in motor stator of the electrical quantity of each phase in the motor threephase stator winding, every phase stator winding is identical by being wound with two totals number of turns, the winding conducting wire diameter is identical, phase winding unit (the 2a that the winding conducting wire total sectional area is identical, 3a; 2b, 3b; 2c, 3c) form, be equipped with insulating barrier (10) between each phase winding unit and between whole phase winding and the stator slot (14), the threephase stator winding is contained in uses slot wedge (11) with the notches for wire shutoff in the stator slot (14), in three special-purpose grooves of stator core (13), be fixed with three Hall rotor-position sensors (22), temperature sensor (25) is equipped with on the motor stator winding surface, being fixed on epitrochanterian motor shaft (15) is passed by end cap central authorities and is connected with end cap by bearing, shaft seal is equipped with in the bearing outside, three the first magnetic latching relays (7) that are used for speed change are installed in the space between motor internal stator core and end cap, the second magnetic latching relay (8), the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), the magnetic latching relay outside is equipped with magnetic masking layer (17), relay insulating barrier (18) is housed between magnetic latching relay and the magnetic masking layer (17), all the control line of magnetic latching relay is drawn by a multicore cable with screen, being fixed with three Hall rotor-position sensors (22) in three special-purpose grooves at motor stator core edge operates steadily reliably to guarantee motor, and temperature sensor (25) is housed in the motor stator winding, be used for monitoring winding temperature
The sectional arrangement drawing of the two unit direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motors that formed by two rotors and corresponding two stator cores that are wound with identical winding shown in Figure 11.Shown in figure, direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor can consist of one or two unit direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motors with one or two corresponding stator by one or two rotor.
Fig. 8-1, Fig. 8-2, shown in Fig. 8-3 is the magnetic latching relay schematic diagram of the utility model direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor, magnetic latching relay has three, wherein Fig. 8-1 is depicted as the first magnetic latching relay (7) schematic diagram, Fig. 8-2 is depicted as the second magnetic latching relay (8) schematic diagram, Fig. 8-3 is depicted as magnetic latching relay (9) schematic diagram, include respectively again three simultaneously contact sets of action in each magnetic latching relay, be respectively the first magnetic latching relay contact sets (7a, 7b, 7c) with the second magnetic latching relay contact sets (8a, 8b, 8c) and the 3rd magnetic latching relay contact sets (9a, 9b, 9c), wherein the first magnetic latching relay contact sets is by the three contact sets (7a that are assembled with three contacts, 7b, 7c) consist of, the second magnetic latching relay contact sets is by the three contact sets (8a that are assembled with two contacts, 8b, 8c) consist of, the 3rd magnetic latching relay contact sets is by the three contact sets (9a that are assembled with three contacts, 9b, 9c) consist of.
Operation principle
Direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor is by rotor, motor stator, motor shaft and bearing, electric motor end cap forms, permanent magnet is installed on the rotor, winding is installed in the stator core wire casing, each phase winding of three phase windings forms by a plurality of identical phase winding unit, the coil turn of each phase winding unit and the diameter of insulated conductor are identical with total cross section, and each phase winding unit can be independently as phase winding, carry out star or the triangle connection conversion of serial or parallel connection and whole winding between the phase winding unit with magnetic latching relay, when all connect in the phase winding unit, be used for electric motor starting.
The moment that electric motor starting begins, because motor remains static, its back electromotive force is 0, and according to the fundamental formular of motor: I=(V-E)/R, wherein I is current of electric, V is supply voltage, E is counter electromotive force of motor, and R is the motor internal resistance, and this moment, electric current I was very large, electric efficiency is very low, and exactly this moment, automobile needed very large torque to overcome the inertia of automobile, and it is static to motion that it is had, and technical solution of the present invention is got up two phase winding units in series of every phase this moment, reduced the voltage that each winding element is born, increased the motor internal resistance, thereby total current has been suppressed, the more important thing is that the umber of turn of every phase this moment is for maximum, so the magnetic flux density of winding is maximum, (T is torque in the formula, and K is constant, and I is electric current by formula T=KI φ, φ is the magnetic flux that winding produces) as can be known, this moment motor torque maximum, (n is rotating speed, and k is constant according to formula n=kU/ φ, φ is the magnetic flux that winding produces) as can be known, motor low speed high torque operation this moment i.e. a speed.When the motor middling speed is two-speed, the technical program is in parallel respectively with two winding elements in every phase winding, after connecting like this, the total number of turns of every phase winding has reduced one times when keeping off than one, corresponding magnetic flux density φ has also just reduced, twice when the voltage that obtains on each phase winding unit is a gear, the motor internal resistance has also reduced by one times, by formula I=(V-E)/R, can find out that the reducing of the increase of V and R increases electric current I, by formula P=√ 3IV as can be known, this moment, power of motor increased, by formula T=KI φ and formula n=kU/ φ as can be known, only consider one of the variation of each winding element voltage, this moment is high again one times when motor speed just keeps off than one, add that magnetic flux change and internal resistance change factor, when the speed of this moment approximately is a gear in theory about three times.When high speed operation of motor is three speed, the technical program is: the connection status when each phase winding unit keeps two gears, the connected mode that three phase windings are total changes triangle into, the voltage ratio two that apply on each phase winding unit this moment has increased again one times when keeping off, (n is rotating speed according to formula n=kU/ φ, k is constant, φ is the magnetic flux that winding produces) as can be known, only consider one of the variation of each winding element voltage, this moment is high again one times when motor speed is just than two gears, add that magnetic flux change and internal resistance change factor, when the speed of this moment approximately is two gears in theory about three times.The star of the series and parallel between the phase winding unit and three phase windings, triangle change by three magnetic latching relays to be realized also motor being divided into three speed steps by starting, accelerate to process at full speed, the motor operation management system outer by machine sends one group of six binary coding that are comprised of open and close information with the motor real-time parameter according to actual needs in good time, amplify through signal, final control magnetic latching relay is implemented the variable block action, thereby realizes automatic shifting.In magnetic latching relay when action,, management system can be supplied with by automatic premature termination motor power, and automatic recovery of power supply again after the variable block action is finished is guaranteed magnetic latching relay course of action electric shock no-spark, has guaranteed the safe and reliable of operation.Magnetic latching relay is installed in the clearance spaces between motor internal stator core and the end cap, and motor only has a multicore holding wire and three power lines to draw, motor production and use very convenient.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not that the present invention is done any form and structural restriction, every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does.
Claims (6)
1. direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor, it is the internal rotor multispeed electric machine, include stator, p-m rotor, the magnetic latching relay that is used for speed change, motor shaft, end cap, it is characterized in that: rotor is made of the cylinder that is fixed on the motor shaft (15) that outer surface is equipped with one group of permanent magnet (12), stator is made of stator casing (16) and the stator core that has wire casing (14) (13) that is installed in stator casing inside, stator winding is contained in the stator slot and uses slot wedge (11) with the notches for wire shutoff, between the stator core (13) of motor internal and end cap (21), the first magnetic latching relay (7) is housed, the second magnetic latching relay (8), the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9) is as the speed Control device, the first magnetic latching relay (7), the second magnetic latching relay (8), include respectively again three simultaneously contact sets of action in the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), every phase stator winding in the threephase stator winding is identical by two totals number of turns, the winding conducting wire diameter is identical, the phase winding unit that the winding conducting wire total sectional area is identical forms, be equipped with insulating barrier between each phase winding unit and between whole phase winding and the stator slot, each phase winding unit can both independently use as complete phase winding, six binary codings by inputting one group of different value i.e. the data groups of six high-low levels combinations, control the different on off states of three magnetic latching relays or six electromagnetic relays, realization is to the series connection of two phase winding unit in every phase winding, parallel connection and the conversion that be connected into star or leg-of-mutton connected mode total to three phase windings, realize the conversion of three speed steps of motor, cut off in advance the motor power power supply by the outer management system of machine in the whole gear shifting operation process, automatic recovery of power supply after speed change is finished, in order to avoid getting an electric shock, burns by magnetic latching relay, during one speed operation, connect respectively in two phase winding unit in every phase winding, and three phase windings are connected into star; During the two-speed operation, two phase winding unit in every phase winding are in parallel respectively, and three phase windings are connected into star; During three speed operations, two phase winding unit in every phase winding are in parallel respectively, and three phase windings are connected into triangle, and direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor consists of the multiple unit direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor by a plurality of rotors with corresponding a plurality of stators.
2. direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the syntagmatic of described magnetic latching relay and phase winding unit is: the first magnetic latching relay (7), the second magnetic latching relay (8), the first magnetic latching relay contact sets (7a in the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), 7b, contact two and three 7c) is connected respectively, all the other contacts disconnect, the second magnetic latching relay contact sets (8a, 8b, contact one and two 8c) is off-state, the 3rd magnetic latching relay contact sets (9a, 9b, contact two and three 9c) is connected respectively, all the other contacts disconnect, the connection status of each phase winding unit is: A is the first winding (2a) mutually, B is the first winding (2b) mutually, C mutually the first winding (2c) first head respectively with A, B, the C three phase mains connects, the A mutually tail head of the first winding (2a) is connected with the first head of A phase the second winding (3a), the B mutually tail head of the first winding (2b) is connected with the first head of B phase the second winding (3b), the C mutually tail head of the first winding (2c) is connected with the first head of C phase the second winding (3c), be that A phase the first winding (2a) is connected with A phase the second winding (3a), B mutually the first winding (2b) connects with B phase the second winding (3b), C mutually the first winding (2c) connects with C phase the second winding (3c), while A is the second winding (3a) mutually, B is the second winding (3b) mutually, the C mutually tail end of the second winding (3c) links together, namely the total connected mode of three phase windings is star, and be the first speed this moment; The first magnetic latching relay (7), the second magnetic latching relay (8), the first magnetic latching relay contact sets (7a in the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), 7b, contact one and two 7c) is connected respectively, the second magnetic latching relay contact sets (8a, 8b, contact one and two 8c) is connected respectively, the 3rd magnetic latching relay contact sets (9a, 9b, when the contact two and three 9c) is connected respectively, the connection status of each phase winding unit is: A is the first winding (2a) mutually, B is the first winding (2b) mutually, C mutually the first winding (2c) first head respectively with A, B, the C three phase mains connects, the A mutually tail head of the first winding (2a) is connected with the tail head of A phase the second winding (3a), the A mutually first head of the second winding (3a) is connected with the first head of A phase the first winding (2a), the B mutually tail head of the first winding (2b) is connected with the tail head of B phase the second winding (3b), the B mutually first head of the second winding (3b) is connected with the first head of B phase the first winding (2b), the C mutually tail head of the first winding (2c) is connected with the tail head of C phase the second winding (3c), the C mutually first head of the second winding (3c) is connected with the first head of C phase the first winding (2c), be that the first winding (2a) is in parallel with A phase the second winding (3a) mutually for A, B mutually the first winding (2b) is in parallel with B phase the second winding (3b), C mutually the first winding (2c) is in parallel with C phase the second winding (3c), while A is the first winding (2a) mutually, B is the first winding (2b) mutually, C is the first winding (2c) mutually, A is the second winding (3a) mutually, B is the second winding (3b) mutually, C mutually the second winding (3c) tail end links together, namely the total connected mode of three phase windings is star, and be the second speed this moment; The first magnetic latching relay (7), the second magnetic latching relay (8), the first magnetic latching relay contact sets (7a in the 3rd magnetic latching relay (9), 7b, contact one and two 7c) is connected respectively, the second magnetic latching relay contact sets (8a, 8b, contact one and two 8c) is connected respectively, the 3rd magnetic latching relay contact sets (9a, 9b, when the contact one and two 9c) is connected respectively, the connection status of each phase winding unit is: A is the first winding (2a) mutually, B is the first winding (2b) mutually, C mutually the first winding (2c) first head respectively with A, B, the C three phase mains connects, the A mutually tail head of the first winding (2a) is connected with the tail head of A phase the second winding (3a), the A mutually first head of the second winding (3a) is connected with the first head of A phase the first winding (2a), the B mutually tail head of the first winding (2b) is connected with the tail head of B phase the second winding (3b), the B mutually first head of the second winding (3b) is connected with the first head of B phase the first winding (2b), the C mutually tail head of the first winding (2c) is connected with the tail head of C phase the second winding (3c), the C mutually first head of the second winding (3c) is connected with the first head of C phase the first winding (2c), be that the first winding (2a) is in parallel with A phase the second winding (3a) mutually for A, B mutually the first winding (2b) is in parallel with B phase the second winding (3b), C mutually the first winding (2c) is in parallel with C phase the second winding (3c), while A is the first winding (2a) mutually, A is the tail end and C phase the first winding (2c) of the second winding (3a) mutually, the C mutually head end of the second winding (3c) connects, B is the first winding (2b) mutually, B is the tail end and A phase the first winding (2a) of the second winding (3b) mutually, the A mutually head end of the second winding (3a) connects, C is the first winding (2c) mutually, C is the tail end and B phase the first winding (2b) of the second winding (3c) mutually, the B mutually head end of the second winding (3b) connects, namely the total connected mode of three phase windings is triangle, and be the 3rd speed this moment.
3. direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: identical and three phase windings being distributed symmetrically in motor stator of the electrical quantity of each phase in the threephase stator winding in the described motor stator.
4. direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described magnetic latching relay outside is equipped with magnetic masking layer, between magnetic latching relay and the magnetic masking layer insulating barrier is housed, all the control line of magnetic latching relay is drawn by a multicore cable with screen.
5. direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be fixed with three Hall rotor-position sensors in three special-purpose grooves at described motor stator core edge and operate steadily reliably to guarantee motor, and temperature sensor is housed in the motor stator winding, is used for monitoring winding temperature.
6. according to claim 2,4 or 5 described direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motors, it is characterized in that: described direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor is to consist of one or two unit direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motors by one or two rotor and one or two corresponding stator.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011203492813U CN202856582U (en) | 2011-09-19 | 2011-09-19 | Direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011203492813U CN202856582U (en) | 2011-09-19 | 2011-09-19 | Direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102355113A (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2012-02-15 | 尹永河 | Direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor |
| CN103904963A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-07-02 | 捷和电机制品(深圳)有限公司 | Direct-current brushless motor and control circuit |
| CN109067052A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2018-12-21 | 核心驱动科技（金华）有限公司 | double-stator motor |
| CN111546905A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-18 | 佛山中锦微电科技有限公司 | Differential lock control module and control method thereof |
-
2011
- 2011-09-19 CN CN2011203492813U patent/CN202856582U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102355113A (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2012-02-15 | 尹永河 | Direct current permanent magnet brushless coded variable speed motor |
| CN103904963A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-07-02 | 捷和电机制品(深圳)有限公司 | Direct-current brushless motor and control circuit |
| CN109067052A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2018-12-21 | 核心驱动科技（金华）有限公司 | double-stator motor |
| CN111546905A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-18 | 佛山中锦微电科技有限公司 | Differential lock control module and control method thereof |
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