CN202849335U - Catalytic cracking feed nozzle - Google Patents
Catalytic cracking feed nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN202849335U CN202849335U CN201220426612.3U CN201220426612U CN202849335U CN 202849335 U CN202849335 U CN 202849335U CN 201220426612 U CN201220426612 U CN 201220426612U CN 202849335 U CN202849335 U CN 202849335U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a catalytic cracking feed nozzle, aiming to solve the problems that when the existing nozzles adopt existing nozzle orifices in various shapes, the nozzle orifices are not beneficial to full contact of atomized feeds and catalysts or the catalysts corrode the nozzle orifice areas of the nozzles and the atomization effect is affected as the feeds are directly atomized without being treated. The feed nozzle is provided with an atomization mechanism and a magnetization mechanism, wherein the atomization mechanism comprises a nozzle body (5), a feed pipe (10), a steam inlet pipe (11), a spray head (2), a swirl section taper pipe (8) and a swirl section circular pipe (9); the spray head is provided with a nozzle orifice (1); the inner cavity of the nozzle body is divided into a premixing section (7), a contraction section (6), a throat section (4) and a diffusion section (3) in sequence; the nozzle orifice is shaped like a long ring gap; the magnetization mechanism comprises a feed conduit, magnetic materials and magnetic material fixing frames; the magnetic materials are arranged outside the feed conduit in pairs; and the feed conduit is connected with the feed pipe of the atomization mechanism. The feed nozzle is mainly used on the catalytic cracking devices in the petroleum processing industry.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the used a kind of catalytic cracking feeding nozzle of refining of petroleum industry catalytic cracking unit.
Background technology
In catalytic cracking (FCC) course of processing, the quality of feed nozzle performance distributes to cracking reaction, product and plays an important role.Wellatomized charging and high-temperature regenerated catalyst short-time contact, make the charging gasification rate fast, be swift in response, the liquid amount of carrying reduces on the catalyzer, can improve yield of light oil, reduce coke yield, improve the product distribution, prevent overcracking, eliminate the coking phenomenon in the riser reactor, bring considerable economic benefit.Therefore, both at home and abroad correlative study mechanism is continually developing always and is releasing new and effective catalytic cracking feeding nozzle, with the needs that adapt to the catalytic cracking technology development and obtain larger economic benefit.
The catalytic cracking feeding nozzle that uses at present both at home and abroad is divided into following a few class substantially: the first kind is improved on wikipedia type nozzle basis and is formed, and is characterized in utilizing convergence one expansion shape venturi to improve gas flow rate and gas-liquid two-phase velocity contrast to increase atomizing intensity (referring to CN2069757U, CN2156189Y) as far as possible; Equations of The Second Kind is target spray nozzle (referring to US4434049), its principle is that feed oil forms high-speed jet bump metallic target under the High Pressure Difference effect, carries out the atomizing first time with the crossflow effect again, forms the aerosol two phase flow, accelerate at the shower nozzle nozzle at last, realize secondary-atomizing.This nozzle atomization intensity is high, but needs higher feed pressure and more atomizing steam, thereby energy consumption is higher, has increased the investment of production cost and scrap build; The 3rd class is hybrid feed nozzle (referring to CN2054461U) in two venturis; The 4th class is two-fluid rotarytype injector (referring to CN2356752Y), has wherein adopted the two-phase swirler.
Mainly there are following two problems in above-mentioned all kinds of nozzle.(1) nozzle adopts respectively the spout of flat flute profile, circle, the shape such as square, and the jet layer density that forms when flow is larger is large, be unfavorable for penetrating of catalyzer, therefore also is unfavorable for fully contacting of atomized feed and catalyzer.CN2156189Y adopts the double square spout; Owing to have vacuum effect between the double-deck sheet jet, the gap high-speed motion that granules of catalyst can be between two spouts might make the nozzle nozzle area corrode.(2) charging is unprocessed atomizes with regard to directly entering nozzle; Because force of cohesion, surface tension and the viscosity of charging are larger, can have influence on atomizing effect.
Above-mentioned all kinds of nozzle, the atomizing particle size of charging is larger, and Suo Taier diameter (cold examination) is mostly more than 60 microns.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of catalytic cracking feeding nozzle, with solve exist respectively when existing catalytic cracking feeding nozzle adopts the spout of existing different shape be unfavorable for atomized feed and catalyzer fully contact or catalyzer corrodes the nozzle nozzle area, and the unprocessed direct atomizing of charging and have influence on the problem of atomizing effect.
For addressing the above problem, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of catalytic cracking feeding nozzle, be provided with atomising mechanism, atomising mechanism comprises the mouth body, feed-pipe, steam inlet tube, the mouth body has a mouth intracoelomic cavity, feed end to exit end from the mouth body is divided into the premix section successively, contraction section, aditus laryngis section and expansion section, the exit end of mouth body is provided with shower nozzle, shower nozzle is provided with spout, it is characterized in that: the feed end of mouth body is provided with eddy flow section Taper Pipe and the eddy flow section pipe with the coaxial setting of mouth body successively, feed-pipe tangentially is connected on the eddy flow section pipe along eddy flow section pipe, steam inlet tube passes the capping of eddy flow section pipe end and is attached thereto, the inner eddy flow chamber that forms of eddy flow section pipe and eddy flow section Taper Pipe, described spout is oval annular space shape, catalytic cracking feeding nozzle is provided with magnetizable body, and magnetizable body comprises feed conduit, be arranged in pairs magneticsubstance and the magneticsubstance anchor of feed conduit outside, feed conduit links to each other with the feed-pipe of atomising mechanism.
Adopt the utility model, have following beneficial effect: (1) spout is oval annular space shape, and the jet layer density of ejection is little, is conducive to penetrating of catalyzer.Can improve the contact area of atomized feed and catalyzer, thereby improve the reaction condition of catalytic cracking unit, improve the lightweight oil productive rate and reduce the green coke amount.(2) the nozzle nozzle area can be protected continuously in the jet layer surface of oval annular space shape spout ejection, makes it to avoid the erosion of the granules of catalyst of high-speed motion.(3) charging atomizes after the magnetizable body magnetization first again.In the feed conduit of magnetizable body, charging is magnetized in the magnetic field that magneticsubstance forms; The force of cohesion of charging reduces, surface tension descends, thereby makes the decline of charging molecule potential barrier, intramolecule structure relaxation, reduced viscosity.These variations make charging can access preferably atomizing effect in follow-up atomization process.(4) adopt the utility model, charging atomizing particle size (Suo Taier diameter) is generally about 55 microns, the atomizing Shannon index is more than 3, and only need to use lower feed pressure (gauge pressure be generally 0.3～0.6MPa) and less atomizing steam can obtain good atomizing effect, so just reduced the energy consumption (seeing the explanation of this specification sheets embodiment part the utility model nozzle operation process for details) of nozzle.In addition, water vapor and the charging mixed aerosol mode in the atomising mechanism hybrid chamber, when inlet amount to some extent during increase and decrease, the volumetric flow rate of oily vapour two phase flow changes less, can obviously not affect atomization quality, thereby make that turndown ratio of the present utility model is good, reliability is high.Advantage simple in structure, easy to use, that be easy to promote that the utility model also has.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in further detail.The drawings and specific embodiments do not limit the claimed scope of the utility model.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the atomising mechanism sectional view vertically of the utility model catalytic cracking feeding nozzle.
Fig. 2 is the left view (amplification) of nozzle spout shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the A-A revolved sectional view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of the magnetizable body of the utility model catalytic cracking feeding nozzle.
Among Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, same reference numerals represents identical technical characterictic.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, catalytic cracking feeding nozzle of the present utility model (referred to as nozzle) is provided with atomising mechanism (seeing Fig. 1), and atomising mechanism comprises mouth body 5, feed-pipe 10, steam inlet tube 11.Mouth body 5 has a mouth intracoelomic cavity, is divided into successively premix section 7, contraction section 6, aditus laryngis section 4 and expansion section 3 from feed end to the exit end of mouth body 5.Premix section 7 and aditus laryngis section 4 are cylindrical, and contraction section 6 and expansion section 3 are conical butt.Aditus laryngis section 4 can arrange dividing plate 14, and dividing plate 14 is divided into two half round posts with aditus laryngis section 4.Gas-liquid flow flows through from two half-cylindrical passages when aditus laryngis section 4, is divided into two portions, thereby has increased liquid film area, reduced thickness of liquid film, and is more favourable to atomizing.
The exit end of mouth body 5 is provided with shower nozzle 2, and shower nozzle 2 is provided with spout 1.The feed end of mouth body 5 is provided with eddy flow section Taper Pipe 8 and the eddy flow section pipe 9 with the 5 coaxial settings of mouth body successively, and eddy flow section Taper Pipe 8 wherein is frusto-conical face shape.Feed-pipe 10 tangentially is connected on the eddy flow section pipe 9, referring to Fig. 3 along eddy flow section pipe 9.The end of eddy flow section pipe 9 is provided with capping 12, and steam inlet tube 11 passes capping 12 and is attached thereto.Eddy flow section pipe 9 and the eddy flow section Taper Pipe 8 inner eddy flow chambeies 13 that form.Referring to Fig. 2, spout 1 is oval annular space shape.
Mouth body 5, eddy flow section Taper Pipe 8, eddy flow section pipe 9, steam inlet tube 11 and shower nozzle 2 coaxial settings; The inner chamber of premix section 7, contraction section 6, aditus laryngis section 4, expansion section 3 and shower nozzle 2 consists of the atomising mechanism hybrid chamber.
The utility model catalytic cracking feeding nozzle is provided with magnetizable body.Referring to Fig. 4, magnetizable body comprises feed conduit 19, is arranged at magneticsubstance 16, magneticsubstance anchor 17 and the bolt and nut 18 of feed conduit 19 outsides in pairs.After bolt and nut 18 is fastening, be about to the outside that magneticsubstance 16 is fixed in feed conduit 19, also finished the assembling of magnetizable body simultaneously.During the nozzle assembling, feed conduit 19 is linked to each other with the feed-pipe 10 of atomising mechanism, the position of magnetizable body is as far as possible near atomising mechanism (figure slightly).Magneticsubstance 16 in the magnetizable body, the existing permanent magnet of normal operation or Nd-Fe-B rare earth permanent magnetic material.
Can be along the one or more pairs of magneticsubstances 16 of axially arranging of feed conduit 19 in the magnetizable body, every pair of magneticsubstance 16 is two, is oppositely arranged, the magnetic pole of opposite face (the N utmost point, the S utmost point) is opposite.The shape of cross section of every block of magneticsubstance 16 can be rectangle, square, circle or oval etc.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of formation method of the oval annular space shape of the utility model spout 1 is: be provided with T-shaped member 15 in the inner chamber of shower nozzle 2 and expansion section 3, the top of shower nozzle 2 is provided with slotted hole, and an end of T-shaped member 15 inserts in this slotted hole, forms described oval annular space shape spout 1; Be provided with dividing plate 14 in the aditus laryngis section 4, the other end of T-shaped member 15 links to each other with dividing plate 14.T-shaped member 15 shown in Figure 1 is a flat board, and vertical view is roughly T-shaped; Its end (being equivalent to T shape top) that inserts in the shower nozzle 2 top slotted holes is circular arc (figure slightly).The shape of above-mentioned oval annular space shape spout 1 and slotted hole refers to the shape of their projections on perpendicular to the vertical plane of shower nozzle 2 axial lines.
Referring to Fig. 1, main structure parameters of the present utility model is generally as follows: the angle δ between the axial line of feed-pipe 10 and the nozzle atomization mechanism axial line is 30～90 degree, the taper angle theta of eddy flow section Taper Pipe 8 is 30～130 degree, and the interior diameter of eddy flow section pipe 9 and the diameter ratio of premix section 7 are 1.1～2.5.The circular cone apex angle α of expansion section 3 and the circular cone apex angle ss of contraction section 6 are 5～90 degree, and the length-to-diameter of aditus laryngis section 4 is 0.5～4.0.
The connection of each parts of the utility model atomising mechanism generally all is to adopt welding.
The below is take the operating process of the present utility model as example illustrates of nozzle shown in the accompanying drawing.Charging (various catalytically cracked stock, such as wax oil, long residuum, vacuum residuum etc.) at first enters the feed conduit 19 in the magnetizable body, is magnetized in the magnetic field that magneticsubstance 16 forms.Then, the charging that is magnetized weakens its turbulence and level of disruption in feed-pipe 10 exits through the feed-pipe 10 of atomising mechanism, along the tangential injection eddy flow chamber 13 of eddy flow section pipe 9, and energy waste reduces.Charging is rotated mobile in eddy flow chamber 13, and utilizes the contraction of circular cone that speed of rotation increase, centrifuge field are strengthened at eddy flow section Taper Pipe 8 places.Charging after eddy flow section Taper Pipe 8 places accelerate enters the atomising mechanism hybrid chamber, mixes with the atomizing steam (being generally 250～400 ℃ superheated vapour) that enters through steam inlet tube 11, eddy flow chamber 13.
In the atomising mechanism hybrid chamber, charging continues rotational flow, is subject to water vapor acting and forms the high intensity turbulent field.Charging by the generate film, has increased the surface-area of liquid under the effect of centrifugal force, further reduced viscosity and the surface tension of liquid; Simultaneously, charging is broken under the instantaneous accidental shear action that turbulence pulsation produces.In addition, rotational flow prolongs the movement locus of charging in the atomising mechanism hybrid chamber, has increased the mixing time with atomizing steam, has improved utilization ratio and the atomizing effect of atomizing steam.In aditus laryngis section 4, gas-liquid is accelerated to flow, and the speed official post charging between the gas-liquid two-phase is fractured into very little drop, forms the gas-liquid two-phase atomized flow, realizes the atomizing of charging.Because the effect of dividing plate 14, gas-liquid is divided into two portions, thereby has increased liquid film area, reduced thickness of liquid film, and is more favourable to atomizing.
The gas-liquid two-phase atomized flow is accelerated at oval annular space shape spout 1 place at last, by spout 1 ejection.After the ejection, because pressure decreased, the atomizing steam in the gas-liquid two-phase atomized flow expands, and makes the further fragmentation of charging drop, is atomized into evenly tiny drop, has realized the final atomizing of charging.Charging after the atomizing then enters riser reactor and reacts.
Catalytic cracking feeding nozzle of the present utility model, generally about 55 microns, the jet velocity at spout 1 place is generally about 60 meter per seconds charging atomizing particle size (Suo Taier diameter), and the atomizing Shannon index generally can reach more than 3.Feed pressure (gauge pressure) is generally 0.3～0.6MPa, and the atomizing steam consumption is generally 3～6 % by weight of inlet amount.
Claims (3)
1. catalytic cracking feeding nozzle, be provided with atomising mechanism, atomising mechanism comprises mouth body (5), feed-pipe (10), steam inlet tube (11), mouth body (5) has a mouth intracoelomic cavity, feed end to exit end from mouth body (5) is divided into premix section (7) successively, contraction section (6), aditus laryngis section (4) and expansion section (3), the exit end of mouth body (5) is provided with shower nozzle (2), shower nozzle (2) is provided with spout (1), it is characterized in that: the feed end of mouth body (5) is provided with eddy flow section Taper Pipe (8) and the eddy flow section pipe (9) with the coaxial setting of mouth body (5) successively, feed-pipe (10) tangentially is connected on the eddy flow section pipe (9) along eddy flow section pipe (9), steam inlet tube (11) passes the capping (12) of eddy flow section pipe (9) end and is attached thereto, the inner eddy flow chamber (13) that forms of eddy flow section pipe (9) and eddy flow section Taper Pipe (8), described spout (1) is oval annular space shape, catalytic cracking feeding nozzle is provided with magnetizable body, magnetizable body comprises feed conduit (19), be arranged in pairs feed conduit (19) outside magneticsubstance (16) and magneticsubstance anchor (17), feed conduit (19) links to each other with the feed-pipe (6) of atomising mechanism.
2. catalytic cracking feeding nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the inner chamber of shower nozzle (2) and expansion section (3), be provided with T-shaped member (15), the top of shower nozzle (2) is provided with slotted hole, one end of T-shaped member (15) inserts in this slotted hole, form described oval annular space shape spout (1), be provided with dividing plate (14) in the aditus laryngis section (4), the other end of T-shaped member (15) links to each other with dividing plate (14).
3. catalytic cracking feeding nozzle according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the magneticsubstance in the magnetizable body (16) is permanent magnet or Nd-Fe-B rare earth permanent magnetic material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201220426612.3U CN202849335U (en) | 2012-08-20 | 2012-08-20 | Catalytic cracking feed nozzle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201220426612.3U CN202849335U (en) | 2012-08-20 | 2012-08-20 | Catalytic cracking feed nozzle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202849335U true CN202849335U (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201220426612.3U Expired - Lifetime CN202849335U (en) | 2012-08-20 | 2012-08-20 | Catalytic cracking feed nozzle |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN202849335U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103272727A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-09-04 | 无锡市石油化工设备有限公司 | Nozzle of atomizer |
| CN114486273A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-05-13 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Park flexibility reforms transform unit hydrogen and burns test device thoughtlessly |
-
2012
- 2012-08-20 CN CN201220426612.3U patent/CN202849335U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103272727A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-09-04 | 无锡市石油化工设备有限公司 | Nozzle of atomizer |
| CN114486273A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-05-13 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Park flexibility reforms transform unit hydrogen and burns test device thoughtlessly |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20130403 |