Two grades of actuating devices of a kind of battery-operated motor cycle
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of battery-operated motor cycle, relates in particular to two grades of actuating devices of a kind of battery-operated motor cycle.
Background technology
Existing battery-driven car motorcycle rear axle, comprise electrical motor, be provided with miniature gears on the input shaft of electrical motor, miniature gears is connected with big gear wheel by chain, the big gear wheel inner rotary member interior with being arranged on rear axle case is connected, inner rotary member is connected with semiaxis by half axle gear, and there is following problem in such structure: 1. chain is yielding.When the running time of battery-driven car was long, particularly in the heavy fore-telling of the feelings that are loaded with weight, chain very easily deformed, and the phenomenon of chain or chain rupture occurs taking off, causes battery-driven car to travel; 2. the outputting torsion owing to electrical motor is constant, and there is no speed-changing mechanism in the back axle, if battery-driven car is when running into ditch or gradient road surface, then can not give full play of the effect of output power of motor, car is travelled slowly maybe can't travel.
The utility model patent that a kind of name is called " electric vehicle boosting speed-change rear axle " is disclosed in CN201457044U, it comprises the inner rotary member that is arranged in the rear axle housing body, be provided with the output gear that is connected with inner rotary member at inner rotary member, the half axle gear that passes through of inner rotary member is connected with semiaxis, be provided with the speed-changing mechanism that is connected with electrical motor and the selector device that is connected with speed-changing mechanism at back axle.Its adopts reducing motor as propulsion source, although do so feasible, owing to reducing motor in use, internal gear easily damages, and greatly reduces service life; If adopt unmoderated motor as propulsion source, such gear transmission structure is again so that output torque is inadequate, the battery-driven car difficulty of travelling.
The utility model patent that a kind of name is called " a kind of battery-driven car two shift transmissions " is disclosed in CN201944206U, this patent has been made on the disclosed patent of CN201457044U basis further and having been improved, it mainly adopts not reducing motor, drive high speed driving tooth and low speed driving tooth by the output gear axle, when shifting gears, stir the switching that the baulk ring tooth carries out high speed driven tooth and low speed driven tooth by shift fork, thus the speed change of finishing.But such two-speed transmission is complex structure not only, and volume is comparatively huge; Simultaneously, in the process of moving, carry out back and forth the high and low shift speed change and also be easy to because of the shift fork fluctuation off-gear phenomenon that causes not in place, giving travels causes potential safety hazard.
And the main roller axle of existing battery-operated motor cycle rotates and drives wheel hub, and wheel shaft not only needs to drive the wheel hub rotation like this, the load that also need bear simultaneously motor bike, thereby so that power waste is higher, and the weight capacity of wheel shaft is relatively poor; And change-speed box partly keeps in repair trouble, and especially motor is changed, and needs whole change-speed box partly pulled down just can repair or replace afterwards, simultaneously because motor is changed trouble, thereby can't independently carry out the power upgrading, can not satisfy people's needs.
The utility model content
For the prior art above shortcomings, the purpose of this utility model just is to provide a kind of battery-operated motor cycle two grades of actuating devices, compact conformation, shift speed soon and accurately and reliably, easy to maintenance, can independently carry out power upgrading, with low cost, and can promote the load-carrying capacity of battery-operated motor cycle.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is such: two grades of actuating devices of a kind of battery-operated motor cycle, comprise housing, motor and speed-changing mechanism, it is characterized in that: described housing comprises the adapter plate and the gear case that is installed in adapter plate one side lower part of vertical setting, and described speed-changing mechanism is installed in the gear case; Described motor is installed on the top of adapter plate opposite side and removably connects with adapter plate, its output shaft passes described adapter plate, pass the fastening output gear that is provided with of part of adapter plate at motor output shaft, described output gear drives speed-changing mechanism after a triple gear slows down, described triple gear comprises a reducing gear, high speed driving gear and low-speed active gear, described reducing gear and output gear engagement;
Described speed-changing mechanism comprises output sleeve, and this output sleeve passes from the side of gear case away from adapter plate away from an end of adapter plate, and the overhead cover of described output sleeve is provided with high speed driven gear and low speed driven gear; High speed driven gear and low speed driven gear are meshed with high speed driving gear and low-speed active gear respectively; Be provided with the ratchet device that cooperatively interacts between output sleeve and high speed driven gear and output sleeve and low speed driven gear, high speed driven gear and low speed driven gear drive output sleeve by ratchet device and rotate;
Also comprise an axletree, this axletree passes adapter plate and output sleeve, described output sleeve is located on the axletree by bearing carrier ring, on axletree, also be arranged with one and can move along its axis the gearshift axle sleeve, this gearshift axle sleeve links to each other with a gearshift pull bar, drives the gearshift axle sleeve by this gearshift pull bar and moves, by the moving gear shift axle sleeve, the gearshift axle sleeve is cooperated with ratchet device, thus the switching between the high speed of realization and the low speed.
Further, described ratchet device comprise high speed ratchet and the low speed ratchet that is arranged on the output sleeve and be arranged on the high speed driven gear and the low speed driven gear on the ratchet slot that matches with high speed ratchet and low speed ratchet respectively, be provided with for the ratchet hole that high speed ratchet and low speed ratchet are installed at output sleeve, described high speed ratchet and low speed ratchet are rotatably connected in this ratchet hole by rotating shaft, and an end of high speed ratchet and low speed ratchet protrudes from output sleeve and is meshed with ratchet slot; The other end of high speed ratchet cooperates with gearshift axle sleeve inclined-plane, and mobile output sleeve can make the high speed ratchet rotate, thereby makes high speed ratchet and ratchet slot engagement or disengaging.
Further, described gearshift axle sleeve has tapering near an end of high speed ratchet.
Further, an end of described gearshift pull bar links to each other with the gearshift axle sleeve, and the other end links to each other with a gearshift Self-retaining electromagnet after passing adapter plate, moves by this gearshift Self-retaining electromagnet control gearshift pull bar.
Further, described gearshift Self-retaining electromagnet and motor are positioned at the same side of adapter plate, and are positioned at the motor below; Also be provided with a dust boot in the gearshift Self-retaining electromagnet outside, described dust boot and adapter plate removably connect.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantage of:
1, compact conformation---change-speed box and motor are become one, be installed on the wheel hub, need not car body is done any change, easy for installation, quick;
2, power waste is little---because adopt fixed axle structure (need not to rotate), avoided the stressed power waste that causes of wheel shaft, adopted the ratchet device transmission, can transmit more high-power;
3, cost is low---use general-purpose machine, and cheap, and because lightweight and process structure are simple, material cost and process costs reduce;
4, not fragile---motor is positioned at chain stay top during installation, the accidental damage of avoiding accidental falls and surface gathered water that speed change system and motor are caused;
5, safeguard, upgrade and be convenient---motor can directly be dismantled, and needn't dismantle first wheel rim wheel shaft and change-speed box, simultaneously also can be by changing more heavy-duty motor and supporting controller, the power of can fast, independently upgrading;
6, power consumption is little---and the Self-retaining electromagnet of speed change system need not to keep electric current, and average energy consumption is low, adopts Self-retaining electromagnet to shift gears, and the faster efficient of speed is higher;
7, gearshift is more accurately and reliably---and adopt the gearshift axle sleeve to cooperate gearshift with ratchet device, thereby replaced traditional shifting-fork gear-shifting, accuracy is higher, and is more reliable;
8, good looking appearance---because this speed change system is the embedded space that is installed on wheel rim inside, integral width is little, and outside the not outstanding car body, compact appearance is attractive in appearance, and newly-designed side-mounted wheel rim more has aesthetic feeling;
9, because be the magnet control gearshift, can freely realize manually automatically controlled and intelligent automatic control.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Mounting structure schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is the utility model use;
Fig. 3 is the structural scheme of mechanism of speed-changing mechanism;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of output sleeve;
Fig. 5 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of output sleeve, axletree and gearshift axle sleeve;
The fit structure schematic diagram of high speed ratchet, low speed ratchet, ratchet slot and gearshift axle sleeve when Fig. 6 is bottom gear.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment: referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, two grades of actuating devices of a kind of battery-operated motor cycle, comprise housing, motor 1 and speed-changing mechanism, described housing comprises the adapter plate 2 and the gear case 3 that is installed in adapter plate 2 one side lower parts of vertical setting, and described speed-changing mechanism is installed in the gear case 3; Described motor 1 is installed on the top of adapter plate 2 opposite sides and removably connects with adapter plate 2, its output shaft passes described adapter plate 2, when concrete the making, the structure on adapter plate 2 tops can be made consistent with motor 1 end cap, when mounted motor 1, the end cap of motor 1 output shaft one end can be dismantled like this, directly utilize adapter plate 2 tops to serve as motor 1 end cap, can better dwindle like this volume of whole actuating device, and mounted motor 1 is convenient.Pass the fastening output gear 4 that is provided with of part of adapter plate 2 at motor 1 output shaft, described output gear 4 drives speed-changing mechanism after a triple gear slows down, described triple gear comprises a reducing gear 5, high speed driving gear 6 and low-speed active gear 7, described reducing gear 5 and output gear 4 engagements; Described reducing gear 5, high speed driving gear 6 and low-speed active gear 7 are set on the same gear wheel shaft, and can rotate synchronously, and the transmitting ratio of high speed driving gear is greater than the transmitting ratio of low-speed active gear.
Described speed-changing mechanism comprises output sleeve 8, and this output sleeve 8 passes from the side of gear case 3 away from adapter plate 2 away from an end of adapter plate 2, and described output sleeve 8 overhead covers are provided with high speed driven gear 9 and low speed driven gear 10; High speed driven gear 9 and low speed driven gear 10 are meshed with high speed driving gear 6 and low-speed active gear 7 respectively; Be provided with the ratchet device that cooperatively interacts between output sleeve 8 and high speed driven gear 9 and output sleeve 8 and low speed driven gear 10, high speed driven gear 9 and low speed driven gear 10 drive output sleeve 8 by ratchet device and rotate.
Also comprise an axletree 11, this axletree 11 passes adapter plate 2 and output sleeve 8, described output sleeve 8 is located on the axletree 11 by bearing carrier ring, on axletree 11, also be arranged with one and can move along its axis gearshift axle sleeve 12, this gearshift axle sleeve 12 links to each other with a gearshift pull bar 13, drives the gearshift axle sleeve by this gearshift pull bar 13 and moves, by moving gear shift axle sleeve 12, gearshift axle sleeve 12 is cooperated with ratchet device, thus the switching between the high speed of realization and the low speed.
Described ratchet device comprise high speed ratchet 151 and the low speed ratchet 152 that is arranged on the output sleeve 8 and be arranged on high speed driven gear 9 and low speed driven gear 10 on the ratchet slot 16 that matches with high speed ratchet 151 and low speed ratchet 152 respectively, be provided with for the ratchet hole 17 that high speed ratchet 151 and low speed ratchet 152 are installed at output sleeve 8, described high speed ratchet 151 and low speed ratchet 152 are rotatably connected in this ratchet hole 17 by rotating shaft, and an end of high speed ratchet 151 and low speed ratchet 152 protrudes from output sleeve 8 and is meshed with ratchet slot 16.During implementation, high speed ratchet 151 is 2-5 with low speed ratchet 152, and high speed ratchet 151 shifts to install in the axial of output sleeve 8 with low speed ratchet 152, by a plurality of ratchets are set, can better guarantee the stability of battery-operated motor cycle in operational process; Described high speed ratchet 151 and low speed ratchet 152 are all curved, be provided with shaft hole at high speed ratchet 151 and low speed ratchet 152 near one end 1/2-1/3 place, rotating shaft is passed from this shaft hole, like this, it is unequal that high speed ratchet 151 and low speed ratchet 152 are positioned at the part weight of rotating shaft both sides, thereby so that the lighter end of weight under state of nature, be positioned at the other end above, and protrude from output sleeve, cooperate thereby form with ratchet slot.
The other end of high speed ratchet 151 cooperates with gearshift axle sleeve inclined-plane, and as a kind of mode, described gearshift axle sleeve 12 has tapering near an end of high speed ratchet 151; Mobile output sleeve can make high speed ratchet 151 rotate, thereby makes high speed ratchet 151 and ratchet slot 16 engagements or disengaging.That is: when the gearshift axle sleeve with after high speed ratchet 151 contact, continue the moving gear shift axle sleeve, along with the contact surface of high speed ratchet 151 with the gearshift axle sleeve increases, high speed ratchet 151 is rotated, until high speed ratchet 151 and the disengaging of high speed driven gear; On the contrary, when the gearshift axle sleeve moved in the opposite direction, the gearshift axle sleeve reduced with contacting gradually of high speed ratchet 151, and this is that high speed ratchet 151 does not wait owing to its weight that is positioned at the rotating shaft both sides, thereby rotates, and made high speed ratchet 151 and the engagement of high speed driven gear.
As a kind of embodiment, when making, described gearshift axle sleeve 12 and low speed driven gear 10 lay respectively at the both sides of high speed driven gear 9, end place at the close adapter plate 2 of output sleeve 8 inner arms is provided with step, gearshift axle sleeve 12 is provided with baffle plate away from an end of high speed driven gear 9, when baffle plate contacts with step, gearshift axle sleeve 12 only can make high speed ratchet 151 and high speed driven gear 9 break away from, and low speed driven gear 10 is in mated condition with low speed ratchet 152, can further guarantee normally travelling of battery-operated motor cycle like this, avoiding in the process of moving, motor bike is in the off-gear state.
One end of described gearshift pull bar 13 links to each other with gearshift axle sleeve 12, and the other end links to each other with a gearshift Self-retaining electromagnet 14 after passing adapter plate 2, moves by these gearshift Self-retaining electromagnet 14 control gearshift pull bars 13; Thereby make the movement of gearshift axle sleeve rapider, almost can finish gearshift in moment, not only make shift speed faster, and can reduce the friction between high speed ratchet 151 and the high speed driven gear, thereby make equipment life longer.Described gearshift Self-retaining electromagnet 14 is ripe existing product, and should gearshift Self-retaining electromagnet 14 be automatic location type, only in shift moment work, need not pull back spring and keep electric current, thereby so that average energy consumption is lower.
Described gearshift Self-retaining electromagnet 14 is positioned at the same side of adapter plate 2 with motor 1, and is positioned at motor 1 below; Also be provided with a dust boot 18 in gearshift Self-retaining electromagnet 14 outsides, described dust boot 18 removably connects with adapter plate 2.
In use, directly the wheel hub of wheel 19 is set on the part that output sleeve 8 stretches out gear case 3, then two ends and the chain stay 20 of axletree 11 is fixing, easy for installation, quick, need not rotate owing to axletree 11 simultaneously, only need to be used for weight and the load of carrying battery-operated motor cycle, thereby so that the load-carrying capacity of motor bike is stronger.The utility model is combined as a whole motor 1 and cooperates output sleeve 8 and axletree 11 to form the electric motorcycle actuating device with change speed gear box, so that whole driving device structure is compacter, volume is less, simultaneously, power outputs to behind speed-changing mechanism from motor 1 and all adopts gear transmission the whole process by output sleeve 8 outputs, and there is output sleeve 8 to drive wheel hub and rotates, thereby effectively reduce power waste.And motor 1 is positioned at the both sides of adapter plate 2 with speed-changing mechanism, so that it is convenient to keep in repair and change motor 1, and can not be subject to the restriction of speed-changing mechanism, thereby also be convenient for people to as required motor 1 be upgraded etc.In addition, the utility model is shifted gears with cooperating of ratchet device by gearshift axle sleeve 12, and gearshift axle sleeve 12 controlled by gearshift pull bar 13 by gearshift Self-retaining electromagnet 14, thus make gearshift more rapidly, accurate.
Adopt the shift process of this actuating device to be: because high speed driven gear 9 and low speed driven gear 10 are meshed with high speed driving gear 6 and low-speed active gear 7 respectively, like this, when gearshift axle sleeve 12 is in disengaged position with high speed ratchet 151, high speed driven gear 9 all drives output sleeve 8 with low speed driven gear 10 and rotates, but because the velocity of rotation of high speed driven gear 9 is faster than the velocity of rotation of low speed driven gear 10, thereby so that the rotating speed of output sleeve 8 is identical with the rotating speed of high speed driven gear 9, thereby so that low speed driven gear 10 is surmounted (being that the low speed driven gear is inoperative), at this moment, battery-operated motor cycle travels and is in the high speed gear; By the gearshift pull bar gearshift axle sleeve 12 is moved to high speed ratchet 151 directions, gearshift axle sleeve 12 is contacted with high speed ratchet 151 and promote high speed ratchet 151 and rotate, until high speed driven gear 9 breaks away from mutually with high speed ratchet 151, thereby so that output sleeve 8 only rotates under the drive of low speed driven gear 10, at this moment, travelling of battery-operated motor cycle is in low gear; In the time of need to again changing to the high speed gear, by the gearshift pull bar gearshift axle sleeve 12 is moved to the direction away from high speed ratchet 151, until gearshift axle sleeve and high speed ratchet 151 break away from, at this moment, high speed ratchet 151 automatic rotatings, thereby its protrusion and an end of output sleeve are meshed with the high speed driven gear again, thereby battery-operated motor cycle is travelled at the high speed gear.
Need to prove at last, above embodiment is only in order to the technical solution of the utility model to be described but not the restriction technologies scheme, although the applicant has been described in detail the utility model with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, those are made amendment to the technical solution of the utility model or are equal to replacement, and do not break away from aim and the scope of the technical program, all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present utility model.