CN202737542U - Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of electronics and storage battery charging and relates to an intelligent charger for a storage battery of an electric vehicle. The intelligent charger for the storage battery consists of 220V alternating current, an alternating-current power transformer T, a full-bridge rectification circuit, a pulse direct-current indicating circuit, a unidirectional controllable silicon and a trigger circuit thereof, a biasing circuit of a PNP triode VT1, a charging output terminal. The intelligent charger for the storage battery of the electric vehicle has multiple protective functions of preventing a polar plate of the storage battery from falling off or electrodes of the storage battery from being disconnected, preventing the storage battery from being subjected to short circuit, preventing inverted connection of a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the storage battery, preventing nominal voltage of a storage battery module from being deflected, preventing the polar plate of the storage battery from being subjected to lead sulfate formation, charging quickly, self-stopping until the storage battery is full of power and the like, thus bringing great convenience to storage battery users; and the intelligent charger is suitable to be extensively used by electric vehicle users and also suitable for developing charging and maintenance services in a shop or a stall.

Description

Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle

Technical field

The utility model belongs to electronic technology and accumulator charging technology field, is about a kind of Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle.

Background technology

The capacity of storage battery is large, cost performance is higher is that various rechargeable batteries are incomparable.At present, the automobile-used battery of electrical salf-walking generally adopts maintenance-free lead accumulator as power source, so the quality of accumulator property directly affects the service behaviour of electric bicycle.Therefore, how to use, maintenance free cell is the thing that the consumer is concerned about the most.The battery charger majority is the corollary apparatus of electric motor car, although storage battery has very large pardon to charging modes, if but use for a long time charger inferior can accelerate the aging and capacity fast-descending of storage battery, thus cause the electric bicycle course continuation mileage to shorten, degradation problem under the lifting capacity.The charger that is used for charge in batteries on the market is of a great variety, but nearly all require the both positive and negative polarity of storage battery and the necessary exact connect ion of both positive and negative polarity of charger, in case otherwise both positive and negative polarity connects and to make mistakes, and performance or the useful life of so gently then reducing storage battery, perhaps burns out the electronic component in the charger; Heavy then burn out whole charger or fill bad storage battery; Even the cruelly fried serious consequence of decreasing thing, hurting sb.'s feelings of storage battery might occur; And the common charger overwhelming majority does not have repair function, and the lead sulfate that when charging accumulator plate is formed is without repair, and the sulfation of pole plate is irreversible process.The charger that Long-Term Properties is relatively poor can cause very adverse influence to accumulator property, and this adverse effect can accumulate over a long period, and causes finally that its capacity descends rapidly, significantly shorten useful life.

The utility model only uses a small amount of common discrete component to realize that battery charger has intelligent protection function.Below describe Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle described in the utility model related correlation technique content in manufacturing process in detail.

The utility model content

Goal of the invention and beneficial effect: the multiple protection functions accumulators user's of the utility model Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle use brings great convenience, is suitable for the shop front, charge in batteries, maintenance business or electric motor car user's extensive use is carried out in the stand.

Battery tension is set as 36V, if filled that accumulator plate comes off or electrode disconnects, causes batteries obstructed, or short circuit appears in certain group storage battery, and the terminal voltage of storage battery will reduce or be zero so, and at this moment this charger will be exported without charging current;

If mistake connects the both positive and negative polarity of storage battery instead, the then anti-partially cut-off of one-way SCR circuits for triggering, Triggerless, not conducting of one-way SCR, the charging current of charging output is zero;

If departed from setting voltage by being filled battery tension, such as: misconnection when 24V or 12V storage battery, this charger no-output electric current;

The charging of employing Rectified alternating current helps to suppress the formation of accumulator plate lead sulfate, is conducive to prolong the life-span of storage battery; Owing to being Rectified alternating current after full-wave rectification, only have when its peak voltage during greater than battery tension one-way SCR just understand conducting, and when pulsating dc voltage is in the trough scope, one-way SCR is then anti-to be ended partially, stops to charge in batteries;

Quick charge is full of automatic stop; Because the voltage at storage battery two ends is lower when just having begun to charge, thereby charging current is larger; When storage battery is about to be full of (terminal voltage of 36V storage battery chargeable to 43V), because charging voltage is during more and more near Rectified alternating current output voltage peak value, then charging current will be more and more less, becomes at last trickle charge; When the storage battery both end voltage was charged to the crest maximum of exporting near rectification, charging process approached and stops.

The circuit working principle: the 220V alternating current after all-wave silicon stack QZ rectification, obtains the approximately pulsating dc voltage of 45V through ac power transformer T step-down.After output is filled storage battery by the polarity access, when if each half crest value of rectification output ripple voltage surpasses the terminal voltage of storage battery, the collector electrode of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 produces trigger current and makes unidirectional controllable silicon S CR conducting, and charging current charges a battery through unidirectional controllable silicon S CR.Pulsating voltage approaches or when equaling battery tension, unidirectional controllable silicon S CR is turned off, and storage battery stops charging.Regulator potentiometer RP can change the conducting voltage of positive-negative-positive triode VT1.Red luminotron LED1 in the accompanying drawing 1 is as the Rectified alternating current indication, and green luminotron LED2 is as the battery state of charge indication.

Technical scheme: Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle, biasing circuit and charging lead-out terminal by 220V alternating current, ac power transformer T and full bridge rectifier, Rectified alternating current indicating circuit, one-way SCR and circuits for triggering thereof, positive-negative-positive triode VT1 form, and its feature comprises:

Ac power transformer T and full bridge rectifier: the two termination 220V alternating currents of ac power transformer T primary coil L1, the two ends of ac power transformer T secondary coil L2 connect respectively the alternating current input of full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ, the cathode output end of full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the cathode output end of full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ links to each other with circuit ground GND;

The negative electrode connection circuit ground GND of one-way SCR and circuits for triggering thereof: unidirectional controllable silicon S CR, the control utmost point of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charged state indicator light LED2, the end of the anodal connecting resistance R2 of charged state indicator light LED2, the collector electrode of another termination positive-negative-positive triode VT1 of resistance R 2, the emitter of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the anode of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charging lead-out terminal;

The biasing circuit of positive-negative-positive triode VT1: the base stage of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 links to each other with the end of an end of resistance R 3, potentiometer RP, the anodal VCC of another termination Rectified alternating current of resistance R 3, and the other end order of potentiometer RP is to the anode of controllable silicon SCR.

The positive pole of charging lead-out terminal meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current in the charging lead-out terminal, and the negative pole order of charging lead-out terminal is to the anode of controllable silicon SCR.

The Rectified alternating current indicating circuit: the positive pole of red light emitting diodes LED1 meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the negative pole of red light emitting diodes LED1 is by resistance R 1 connection circuit ground GND.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the embodiment circuit working schematic diagram that the utility model provides an Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle.

Embodiment

Circuit working schematic diagram and description of drawings according to the electromobile battery charger of accompanying drawing 1 multiple protection functions that is shown with; and according to the annexation between the components and parts in the described each several part circuit of utility model content, and the components and parts technical parameter described in the execution mode requires to implement to realize the utility model.

The selection of components and parts and technical parameter thereof:

Below take electric motor car 36V storage battery as example:

Full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ in the Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle circuit can select the full-bridge of the square 8-10A of plastic packaging, because silicon stack QZ power should be installed on the aluminium radiating board more greatly;

Unidirectional controllable silicon S CR can select the one-way SCR of 1OA/100V metallic packaging, can will be fixed on the same aluminium radiating board with nut with full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ, notes the insulation processing between the element;

VT1 is that the one-way SCR circuits for triggering are set, should select the positive-negative-positive triode, and parameter is Vceo 〉=60V, IM=1A, and the triode of the models such as 2SB536, B564 or B1008 is selected in current amplification factor β＞80;

LED1 is ￠ 5 red light emitting diodes; LED2 is ￠ 5 green LEDs;

Resistance is selected metalfilmresistor, and the resistance of resistance R 1 is that 3.3K Ω, power are 1/2W; The resistance of resistance R 2 is that 4.7K Ω, power are 1W; The resistance of resistance R 3 is that 1K Ω, power are 1/4W;

RP is that linear potentiometer, its resistance 36K Ω, power are 2W;

Ac power transformer T can select the control transformer of BK200 type, and output voltage is selected 42V gear, about 41～42V when output voltage is unloaded.

Circuit production main points and circuit debugging explanation:

Fairly simple because of the circuit structure of Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle, general the physical connection of components and parts is correct as long as the components and parts performance of using is intact, and circuit does not need just to debug and can work;

Pulsating direct current TURP in the circuit after the full-bridge rectification can not arbitrarily add filter circuit, otherwise the repair of storage battery in charging process will variation;

Full-bridge rectification output ripple direct current floating voltage is 45V, the resistance of regulator potentiometer RP can change the conducting voltage of positive-negative-positive triode VT1, generally with potentiometer RP by large resistance to little resistance adjustment, when adjusting to positive-negative-positive triode VT1 conducting, can trigger simultaneously unidirectional controllable silicon S CR conducting namely good;

Through overtesting: when giving the charging of 36V electromobile battery (three groups of 12V/14Ah storage batterys series connection), the alternating voltage full load of power transformer T secondary coil is reduced to 40V, and DC ammeter measurement mean charging current is 1.8～2.2A on the serial connection.

Claims (3)

1. Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle, biasing circuit and charging lead-out terminal by 220V alternating current, ac power transformer T and full bridge rectifier, Rectified alternating current indicating circuit, one-way SCR and circuits for triggering thereof, positive-negative-positive triode VT1 form, and its feature comprises:

The two termination 220V alternating currents of ac power transformer T primary coil L1 in described ac power transformer T and the full bridge rectifier, the two ends of ac power transformer T secondary coil L2 connect respectively the alternating current input of full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ, the cathode output end of full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the cathode output end of full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ links to each other with circuit ground GND;

The negative electrode connection circuit ground GND of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR in described one-way SCR and the circuits for triggering thereof, the control utmost point of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charged state indicator light LED2, the end of the anodal connecting resistance R2 of charged state indicator light LED2, the collector electrode of another termination positive-negative-positive triode VT1 of resistance R 2, the emitter of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the anode of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charging lead-out terminal;

The base stage of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 in the biasing circuit of described positive-negative-positive triode VT1 links to each other with an end of resistance R 3, the end of potentiometer RP, the anodal VCC of another termination Rectified alternating current of resistance R 3, the other end order of potentiometer RP is to the anode of controllable silicon SCR.

2. Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the positive pole of charging lead-out terminal meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current in the charging lead-out terminal, and the negative pole order of charging lead-out terminal is to the anode of controllable silicon SCR.

3. Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the positive pole of red light emitting diodes LED1 meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current in the Rectified alternating current indicating circuit, and the negative pole of red light emitting diodes LED1 is by resistance R 1 connection circuit ground GND.

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