CN102545360A - Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102545360A CN102545360A CN2012100290217A CN201210029021A CN102545360A CN 102545360 A CN102545360 A CN 102545360A CN 2012100290217 A CN2012100290217 A CN 2012100290217A CN 201210029021 A CN201210029021 A CN 201210029021A CN 102545360 A CN102545360 A CN 102545360A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the electronic technique field and storage battery charging, and relates to an intelligent charger for a storage battery of an electric vehicle. The intelligent charger for the storage battery consists of 220V alternating current, a power transformer T, a full-wave rectification circuit, a pulse direct current indicating circuit, unidirectional controllable silicon and a trigger circuit thereof, a biasing circuit of a PNP triode VT1, a charging output terminal and a charging state indicating circuit. The intelligent charger for the storage battery of the electric vehicle has multiple protective functions of preventing a polar plate of the storage battery from falling off or electrodes of the storage battery from being disconnected, preventing the storage battery from being subjected to short circuit, preventing inverted connection of a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the storage battery, preventing nominal voltage of a storage battery module from being deflected, preventing the polar plate of the storage battery from being subjected to lead sulfate formation, charging quickly, self-stopping until the storage battery is full of power and the like, so that a great convenience is supplied to a storage battery user; and the intelligent charger is suitable to be extensively used by an electric vehicle user and also suitable for developing charging and maintenance services in a shop or a stall.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic technology and accumulator charging technology field, is about a kind of electromobile battery intelligent charger.
Background technology
The capacity of storage battery is big, cost performance is higher is that various rechargeable batteries are incomparable.At present, the battery that electric bicycle is used generally adopts maintenance-free lead accumulator as power source, so the quality of accumulator property directly affects the service behaviour of electric bicycle.Therefore, how to use, maintenance free cell is the thing that the consumer is concerned about the most.The battery charger majority is the corollary apparatus of electric motor car; Although storage battery has very big pardon to charging modes; If descend fast with capacity, thereby cause electric bicycle continuation of the journey mileage to shorten degradation problem under the lifting capacity but use charger inferior can quicken the aging of storage battery for a long time.The charger that is used for charge in batteries on the market is of a great variety; But nearly all require the both positive and negative polarity of storage battery must correctly be connected with the both positive and negative polarity of charger; In case otherwise both positive and negative polarity connects and to make mistakes, and the performance or the useful life of so gently then reducing storage battery, perhaps burns out the electronic component in the charger; Heavy then burn out whole charger or fill bad storage battery; Even the fried cruelly serious consequence of decreasing thing, hurting sb.'s feelings of storage battery might take place; And the common charger overwhelming majority does not have repair function, and the lead sulfate that when charging, accumulator plate is formed does not have repair, and the sulfation of pole plate is an irreversible process.The long-term relatively poor charger of serviceability can cause very adverse influence to accumulator property, and this adverse effect can accumulate over a long period, and causes finally that its capacity descends rapidly, shorten useful life significantly.
The present invention only uses a small amount of common discrete component to realize that battery charger has intelligent protection function.Below specify electromobile battery intelligent charger of the present invention related correlation technique content in manufacturing process.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention and beneficial effect: the multiple protection functions accumulators user's of electromobile battery intelligent charger of the present invention use brings great convenience, is suitable for the shop front, charge in batteries, maintenance business or electric motor car user's extensive use is carried out in the stand.
Battery tension is set at 36V, if filled that accumulator plate comes off or electrode breaks off, causes batteries obstructed, or short circuit appears in certain group storage battery, and the terminal voltage of storage battery will reduce or be zero so, and at this moment this charger will not have charging current and export;
If mistake connects the both positive and negative polarity of storage battery instead, then the one-way SCR circuits for triggering instead end partially, Triggerless, and not conducting of one-way SCR, the charging current of charging output is zero;
If departed from setting voltage by being filled battery tension, like: misconnection when 24V or 12V storage battery, this charger no-output electric current;
The charging of employing Rectified alternating current helps to suppress the formation of accumulator plate lead sulfateization, helps prolonging the life-span of storage battery; Owing to be Rectified alternating current after full-wave rectification, have only when its peak voltage during greater than battery tension one-way SCR just understand conducting, and when pulsating dc voltage was in the trough scope, one-way SCR then instead ended partially, stopped to charge in batteries;
Quick charge is full of automatic stop; Because the voltage at storage battery two ends is lower when just having begun to charge, thereby charging current is bigger; When storage battery is about to be full of (terminal voltage of 36V storage battery chargeable to 43V), because charging voltage is during more and more near Rectified alternating current output voltage peak value, then charging current will be more and more littler, becomes trickle charge at last; When the storage battery voltage was charged to the crest maximum of exporting near rectification, charging process was near stopping.
The circuit working principle: the 220V alternating current after all-wave silicon stack QZ rectification, obtains the pulsating dc voltage of about 45V through power transformer T step-down.After output is filled storage battery by the polarity access; When if each half-wave peak value of rectification output ripple voltage surpasses the terminal voltage of storage battery; The collector electrode of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 produces trigger current and makes unidirectional controllable silicon S CR conducting, and charging current charges a battery through unidirectional controllable silicon S CR.Pulsating voltage near or when equaling battery tension, unidirectional controllable silicon S CR is turned off, storage battery stops charging.Regulator potentiometer RP can change the conducting voltage of positive-negative-positive triode VT1.Red luminotron LED1 in the accompanying drawing 1 is as the Rectified alternating current indication, and green luminotron LED2 is as the battery state of charge indication.
Technical scheme: electromobile battery intelligent charger; Biasing circuit, charging lead-out terminal and charged state indicating circuit by 220V alternating current, power transformer T and full-wave rectifying circuit, Rectified alternating current indicating circuit, one-way SCR and circuits for triggering thereof, positive-negative-positive triode VT1 are formed, and its characteristic comprises:
AC transformer T and full bridge rectifier: the two ends of power transformer T primary coil L1 connect the 220V alternating current respectively; The two ends of power transformer T secondary coil L2 connect the alternating current input of full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ respectively; The cathode output end of full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the cathode output end of full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ links to each other with circuit ground GND;
The negative electrode connection circuit ground GND of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR and circuits for triggering thereof: unidirectional controllable silicon S CR; The control utmost point of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charged state indicator light LED2; The end of the anodal connecting resistance R2 of charged state indicator light LED2; The collector electrode of another termination positive-negative-positive triode VT1 of resistance R 2, the emitter of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the anode of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charging lead-out terminal;
The biasing circuit of positive-negative-positive triode VT1: the base stage of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 links to each other with the end of an end of resistance R 3, potentiometer RP, the anodal VCC of another termination Rectified alternating current of resistance R 3, and the other end order of potentiometer RP is to the anode of controllable silicon SCR.
The positive pole of charging lead-out terminal meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current in the charging lead-out terminal, and the negative pole order of charging lead-out terminal is to the anode of controllable silicon SCR.
The Rectified alternating current indicating circuit: the positive pole of red light emitting diodes LED1 meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, connection circuit ground GND behind the negative pole series resistor R1 of red light emitting diodes LED1.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the embodiment circuit working schematic diagram that the present invention provides an electromobile battery intelligent charger.
Embodiment
Circuit working schematic diagram and description of drawings according to the electromobile battery charger that multiple protection functions is arranged shown in the accompanying drawing 1; And according to the annexation between the components and parts in the described each several part circuit of summary of the invention, and the components and parts technical parameter described in the execution mode requires to implement to realize the present invention.
The selection of components and parts and technical parameter thereof
Below be example with electric motor car 36V storage battery:
Full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ in the electromobile battery intelligent charger circuit can select the full-bridge of the square 8-10A of plastic packaging for use, because of silicon stack QZ power should be installed on the aluminium radiating board more greatly;
Unidirectional controllable silicon S CR can select the one-way SCR of 10A/100V metallic packaging for use, can note the insulation processing between the element with being fixed on the same aluminium radiating board with nut with full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ;
VT1 is that the one-way SCR circuits for triggering are set, should select the positive-negative-positive triode for use, and parameter is Vceo >=60V, IM=1A, and current amplification factor β＞80 are selected the triode of models such as 2SB536, B564 or B1008 for use;
LED1 is ￠ 5 red light emitting diodes; LED2 is ￠ 5 green LEDs;
Resistance is selected metalfilmresistor for use, and the resistance of resistance R 1 is that 3.3K Ω, power are 1/2W; The resistance of resistance R 2 is that 4.7K Ω, power are 1W; The resistance of resistance R 3 is that 1K Ω, power are 1/4W;
RP is that linear potentiometer, its resistance 36K Ω, power are 2W;
Power transformer T can select the control transformer of BK200 type for use, and output voltage is selected 42V retaining, about 41～42V when output voltage is unloaded for use.
Circuit production main points and circuit debugging explanation
Fairly simple because of the circuit structure of electromobile battery intelligent charger, general the physical connection of components and parts is correct as long as the components and parts performance of using is intact, and circuit just need not debugged can operate as normal;
Pulsating direct current TURP in the circuit after the full-bridge rectification can not arbitrarily add filter circuit, otherwise the repair of storage battery in charging process will variation;
Full-bridge rectification output ripple direct current floating voltage is 45V; The resistance of regulator potentiometer RP can change the conducting voltage of positive-negative-positive triode VT1; Generally potentiometer RP is adjusted to little resistance by big resistance; When adjusting to positive-negative-positive triode VT1 conducting, it is promptly good to trigger unidirectional controllable silicon S CR conducting simultaneously;
Through overtesting: when giving the charging of 36V electromobile battery (three groups of 12V/14Ah storage batterys series connection), the alternating voltage full load of power transformer T secondary coil is reduced to 40V, and DC ammeter measurement mean charging current is 1.8～2.2A on the serial connection.
Claims (3)
1. electromobile battery intelligent charger; Biasing circuit, charging lead-out terminal and charged state indicating circuit by 220V alternating current, power transformer T and full-wave rectifying circuit, Rectified alternating current indicating circuit, one-way SCR and circuits for triggering thereof, positive-negative-positive triode VT1 are formed, and its characteristic comprises:
The two ends of power transformer T primary coil L1 in AC transformer T and the full bridge rectifier connect the 220V alternating current respectively; The two ends of power transformer T secondary coil L2 connect the alternating current input of full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ respectively; The cathode output end of full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the cathode output end of full-bridge rectification silicon stack QZ links to each other with circuit ground GND;
The negative electrode connection circuit ground GND of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR in unidirectional controllable silicon S CR and the circuits for triggering thereof; The control utmost point of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charged state indicator light LED2; The end of the anodal connecting resistance R2 of charged state indicator light LED2; The collector electrode of another termination positive-negative-positive triode VT1 of resistance R 2, the emitter of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current, and the anode of unidirectional controllable silicon S CR connects the negative pole of charging lead-out terminal;
The base stage of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 in the biasing circuit of positive-negative-positive triode VT1 links to each other with an end of resistance R 3, the end of potentiometer RP, the anodal VCC of another termination Rectified alternating current of resistance R 3, and the other end order of potentiometer RP is to the anode of controllable silicon SCR.
2. electromobile battery intelligent charger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the positive pole of charging lead-out terminal meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current in the charging lead-out terminal, and the negative pole order of charging lead-out terminal is to the anode of controllable silicon SCR.
3. electromobile battery intelligent charger according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the positive pole of red light emitting diodes LED1 meets the anodal VCC of Rectified alternating current in the Rectified alternating current indicating circuit, connection circuit ground GND behind the negative pole series resistor R1 of red light emitting diodes LED1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012100290217A CN102545360A (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2012-02-09 | Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012100290217A CN102545360A (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2012-02-09 | Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle |
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| CN102545360A true CN102545360A (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| CN2012100290217A Withdrawn CN102545360A (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2012-02-09 | Intelligent charger for storage battery of electric vehicle |
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-
2012
- 2012-02-09 CN CN2012100290217A patent/CN102545360A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Application publication date: 20120704 |