CN202734118U - Large temperature difference air conditioning system used for data center heat removal - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a large temperature difference air-conditioning system for data center heat removal, which comprises an air-water meter cooler, a cooling tower unit, and at least two-stage mechanical compression refrigeration units; the cooling tower unit includes a heat exchanger, a circulation pump and a cooling tower; each stage of mechanical compression refrigeration unit includes an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a throttling valve; , air inlet; the water outlet of the air-water meter cooler heat exchange tube is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger shell of the cooling tower unit, and the water outlet of the heat exchanger shell is connected to the evaporator shell of the first-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit The water inlet of the body, the water outlet of the evaporator shell is connected to the water inlet of the next-stage evaporator shell, and the water outlet of the last-stage evaporator shell is connected to the inlet of the air-water meter cooler shell through another circulation pump. Shuikou. The utility model effectively reduces the circulating water supply flow rate and power consumption, and can be widely used in the heat exhausting process of various large and medium-sized data centers.

Description

A large temperature difference air conditioning system for data center heat removal

technical field

The utility model relates to an air-conditioning system, in particular to an air-conditioning system with a large temperature difference for data center heat removal.

Background technique

With the continuous development of the information industry, the scale and number of data centers are increasing rapidly. The data center has the characteristics of high heat density and needs to turn on the air conditioning system throughout the year to eliminate indoor heat generation. In addition to the power consumption of IT equipment, the power consumption of the air conditioning system is the main component of the power consumption of the data center. Improving the energy efficiency of the air-conditioning system and reducing the power consumption of the air-conditioning system by various means is of great significance to reducing the power consumption of the entire data center and promoting energy conservation and emission reduction.

At present, most of the new data centers are equipped with cold and hot aisles, and the cold and hot aisles are isolated by the cabinets equipped with servers. During the operation of the air conditioning system, the cooled supply air is sent into the cold aisle, and the supply air flows through the servers on each floor in the cabinet through the cold aisle, and exchanges heat with the chips in the server. The temperature of the supply air after passing through the server It rises and enters the hot aisle to become the exhaust air, and the temperature difference between the exhaust air and the supply air exceeds 10°C. The exhaust air is uniformly sent back to the surface cooler of the air conditioning box in the hot aisle for cooling treatment, and then sent as supply air to the cold aisle for heat dissipation. In the surface cooler of the air-conditioning box, although the supply air and the exhaust air have achieved a large temperature difference (over 10°C), the current water supply and return water temperature difference is generally designed according to the 5°C temperature difference in ordinary civil buildings, so the entire air conditioning system The temperature difference between supply water and return water is also 5°C. Compared with the temperature difference of indoor supply and exhaust air exceeding 10°C, the temperature difference of water operation is obviously smaller. The small water temperature difference makes the water supply flow too large, and the energy consumption of water supply and distribution is large; if the water temperature difference operation is realized through reasonable design, the circulating water supply flow can be effectively reduced under the same cooling capacity demand, which will help reduce Transmission and distribution system energy consumption.

On the other hand, when the outdoor temperature is low such as winter, most of the air-conditioning systems of newly-built data centers currently use cooling towers to reduce the energy consumption of the air-conditioning system. The use of cooling towers for cooling has a better level of energy efficiency, but in the current air-conditioning system when the water temperature difference is small (about 5°C), the running time of the cooling tower is limited: only when the temperature of the cooling water generated by the cooling tower is low enough The cooling tower is used to realize cooling. When the cooling water produced by the cooling tower cannot fully meet the cooling demand, the cooling tower cannot be used for cooling. If the operation with a large temperature difference (more than 10°C) of water can be realized, the temperature of the return water after heat exchange with the exhaust air can be made higher through reasonable design, and it is possible to use the cooling tower for cooling to meet part of the cooling demand in the transition season , prolong the time of using natural cold sources for cooling, improve the energy efficiency of the system, and further reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning in the heat removal process of the data center.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a large temperature difference air conditioning system for data center heat removal with low circulating water supply, high operating energy efficiency and low power consumption.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: a large temperature difference air conditioning system for data center heat removal, characterized in that it includes an air-water surface cooler, a cooling tower unit, at least two stages of mechanical compression type refrigeration unit and a first circulation pump; the cooling tower unit includes a heat exchanger, a second circulation pump and a cooling tower, and the heat exchange tube outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the second circulation pump The outlet of the second circulation pump is connected to the water inlet of the cooling tower, and the water outlet of the cooling tower is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchange tube of the heat exchanger; each stage of the mechanical compression refrigeration unit includes a Evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a throttle valve; after the refrigerant enters the heat exchange tube of the condenser through the compressor to dissipate heat, it enters the heat exchange tube of the evaporator through the throttle valve Heat absorption; the air inlet of the air-water meter cooler shell is connected to the air outlet of the data center, and the air outlet of the air-water meter cooler shell is connected to the air inlet of the data center; the air-water meter cooler The water outlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger shell of the cooling tower unit, and the water outlet of the heat exchanger shell is connected to the water inlet of the evaporator shell of the first-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit The water outlet of the evaporator shell of the mechanical compression refrigeration unit of the first stage is connected to the water inlet of the evaporator casing of the mechanical compression refrigeration unit of the next stage, and the water inlet of the evaporator casing of the mechanical compression refrigeration unit of the last stage is The water outlet of the evaporator shell is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchange tube of the air-water surface cooler through the first circulating pump.

The air-water cooler includes a shell, in which there are several fins arranged in parallel, and the fins are vertically pierced with several rows of serpentine heat exchange tubes, and each row of the serpentine heat exchange tubes The inlet of each column is connected in parallel on the same water inlet header, and the water inlet header is used as the water inlet of the heat exchange tube passing through the housing of the air-water meter cooler; the outlets of the serpentine heat exchange tubes in each row are connected in parallel On the same water outlet header, the water outlet header is used as the water outlet of the heat exchange tube passing through the housing of the air-water meter cooler.

Each row of serpentine heat exchange tubes is composed of several straight tubes passing through each fin from top to bottom, and an elbow connecting two adjacent straight tubes. The projection of each elbow on the fin is All have an inclination angle with the vertical direction.

The cooling tower adopts a cooling tower with a precooling module.

The mechanical refrigeration compression units are arranged in more than three stages.

The utility model has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical scheme: 1. The utility model is provided with an air-water meter cooler in the system, and the heat exchange tubes of the air-water meter cooler are sequentially connected with a cooling tower unit, at least The two-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit is connected with a circulating pump, and at the same time, the air inlet and outlet of the air-water cooler shell are connected with the row and air inlet of the data center. In the air-water cooler, water and air are generally It is a countercurrent heat exchange, so it realizes the heat exchange process with a large temperature difference of more than 10°C between water and air. 2. Since the utility model is equipped with a cooling tower unit and at least two mechanical compression refrigeration units at the same time, different cooling methods can be used to generate cooling water according to temperature changes in different seasons. Compression refrigeration unit, only the cooling tower unit is turned on in winter, and the cooling tower unit can be turned on according to the situation in the transitional season of winter and summer, and at the same time, a certain number of mechanical compression refrigeration units are turned on, so as to achieve a more matching heat exchange process , in the case of the same cooling demand, it can effectively reduce the circulating water supply flow and the energy consumption of the transmission and distribution system. 3. The cooling tower of the utility model uses a cooling tower with a pre-cooling module, which can effectively reduce the outlet temperature of the cooling water and prolong the cooling time of the natural cold source. Therefore, the utility model can effectively improve the operating energy efficiency of the air conditioning system . 4. In the utility model, the projection of each elbow of the serpentine heat exchange tube on the fin has an inclination angle with the vertical direction. Therefore, the adjacent straight tubes of the serpentine heat exchange tube are not on the same plane, but Some are similar to spiral coils, which can increase the heat exchange area with the air. The utility model has high operating energy efficiency, and effectively reduces the circulating water supply flow rate and power consumption, and can be widely used in the heat exhausting process of various large and medium-sized data centers.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model

Figure 2 is a schematic front view of the structure of the air-water cooler

Figure 3 is a schematic side view of the structure of the air-water cooler

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the utility model when running in winter

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the utility model during the transitional season operation between winter and summer

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the utility model in summer operation

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example the utility model is described in detail.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the system of the present invention includes an air-water surface cooler 1 , a cooling tower unit 2 , at least two-stage mechanical compression refrigeration units 3 and a first circulating pump 4 . Wherein: cooling tower unit 2 comprises the second circulation pump 4, a cooling tower 5 and a heat exchanger 6; The water inlet of the cooling tower 5 is connected, and the water outlet of the cooling tower 5 is connected with the water inlet of the heat exchange tube of the heat exchanger 6 . Each stage of mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3 includes a compressor 7, a condenser 8, a throttle valve 9 and an evaporator 10, wherein the condenser 8 can be an air-cooled or water-cooled condenser; the refrigerant passes through the compressor 7 After the heat exchange tube entering the condenser 8 dissipates heat, the heat exchange tube entering the evaporator 10 through the throttle valve 9 absorbs heat.

As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the air-water surface cooler 1 includes a casing 11, an air inlet 12 is arranged on the top of the casing 11, and an air outlet 13 is arranged on the bottom of the casing. A plurality of fins 14 arranged in parallel are arranged in the casing 11 , and a plurality of serpentine heat exchange tubes 15 are vertically pierced with each fin 14 . The inlets of each row of serpentine heat exchange tubes 15 are connected in parallel to the same water inlet header 16, and the water inlet header 16 serves as the water inlet of the heat exchange tubes passing through the shell 11; the outlets of each row of serpentine heat exchange tubes 15 are connected in parallel On the same water outlet header 17 , the water outlet header 17 serves as the water outlet of the heat exchange tube passing through the casing 11 .

The serpentine heat exchange tube 15 is composed of several straight tubes passing through the fins 14 from top to bottom, and an elbow 18 connecting two adjacent straight tubes. The projection of each elbow 18 on the fin 14 of the utility model can not be vertically arranged, but has an inclination angle with the vertical direction, so that the adjacent straight tubes of the serpentine heat exchange tubes 15 formed in this way are not in the same On the plane, it is somewhat similar to a spiral coil shape, which can increase the heat exchange area with the air.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the air-water surface cooler 1 is used to cool the air and operate with a large temperature difference between air and water; the cooling tower unit 2 and the mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3 are used to cool the return water. The air inlet 12 of the housing 11 of the air-water surface cooler 1 is connected to the air outlet of the data center, and the air outlet 13 of the housing 11 is connected to the air inlet of the data center. The water outlet header 17 of the air-water surface cooler 1 is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger 6 shell of the cooling tower unit 2, and the water outlet of the heat exchanger 6 shell is connected to the evaporator 10 of the first-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3 The water inlet of the casing, the water outlet of the evaporator 10 casing is connected to the water inlet of the evaporator 10 casing of the next-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3, and the evaporator 10 casing of the last stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3 The water outlet is connected to the water inlet header 16 of the air-water surface cooler 1 through the first circulation pump 4.

The return water at about 25°C flows from the water outlet header 17 of the air-water surface cooler 1 into the water inlet of the heat exchanger 6 shell of the cooling tower unit 2, and the return water is in the heat exchanger 6 and the cooling water generated by the cooling tower 5 The heat exchange is carried out, and the temperature of the return water is lowered. When the temperature of the return water cannot reach 15° C., the first-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3 needs to be turned on. The return water flowing out from the water outlet of the heat exchanger 6 housing in the cooling tower unit 2 enters the water inlet of the evaporator 10 housing in the first-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3, and the return water flows between the evaporator 10 and the refrigerant The heat exchange is carried out, and the return water is cooled down again. When the temperature of the return water still cannot reach 15° C., it is necessary to turn on the next-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3 to further cool down the return water. When the temperature of the return water reaches 15° C., the return water becomes supply water, and the supply water enters the water inlet header 16 of the air-water surface cooler 1 through the first circulating pump 4 .

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, in the air-water cooler 1, the water supply at about 15°C is diverted from the water inlet header 16 to the inlet of each row of serpentine heat exchange tubes 15, and the water supply flows from bottom to top in each row Flowing through the serpentine heat exchange tubes 15, the supply water exchanges heat with the air outside the serpentine heat exchange tubes 15 and becomes return water at about 25°C. header 17. The exhaust air at about 30°C from the data center enters the housing 11 through the air inlet 12 of the housing 11, and the exhaust air flows from top to bottom. The air is blown at a temperature of about 20°C, enters the data center through the air outlet 13 of the housing 11, and exchanges heat with the heating equipment in the data center.

In the air-water surface cooler 1, the water supply at about 15°C exchanges heat with the exhaust air at about 30°C, the flow of water is from bottom to top, and the flow of air is from top to bottom, and water and air generally perform countercurrent heat exchange , the supply air becomes exhaust air with a temperature of about 20°C after heat exchange, and the return water with a temperature of about 25°C after heat exchange with supply air, the temperature difference between supply air and exhaust air exceeds 10°C, and the temperature difference between supply water and return water reach or exceed 10°C. In the air-water surface cooler 1, the countercurrent heat exchange between water and air ensures the heat exchange effect, and realizes the large temperature difference heat exchange process between water and air.

In the above embodiments, the cooling tower 5 may be a conventional cooling tower or a cooling tower with a pre-cooling module. When the latter is adopted, by setting the pre-cooling module, the minimum cold water outlet temperature of the cooling tower 5 can theoretically reach the dew point temperature of the inlet air, and the actual outlet water temperature may be lower than the wet bulb temperature of the inlet air. After the cooling tower 5 is equipped with a pre-cooling module, it can effectively reduce the outlet temperature of the cooling water, prolong the free cooling time of the natural cooling source, and improve the year-round operation performance of the heat removal process.

In the above embodiments, the mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3 can be set in two or more stages according to the ambient temperature. Taking the two-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3 as an example, the return water with a temperature of about 25°C first enters the evaporator 10 of the first-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3, and the temperature drops to about 20°C; then, it enters the second In the evaporator 10 of the first-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3, the return water continues to be cooled to about 15°C, and the return water becomes supply water, which is sent back to the inlet water collector in the air-water meter cooler 1 through the first circulating pump 4 Tube 16.

According to the characteristics of different outdoor temperatures in different seasons, the utility model can effectively combine the cooling tower cooling mode and the mechanical compression cooling mode to improve the operating energy efficiency of the air conditioning system and reduce the power consumption of the air conditioning system. The following will be explained respectively:

As shown in FIG. 4 , when the outdoor temperature is low such as in winter, the cooling tower unit 2 can meet all cooling demands, and the mechanical compression refrigeration units 3 at all levels can be turned off. A water pipe is connected between the water outlet of the shell of the heat exchanger 6 of the cooling tower unit 2 and the inlet of the first circulating pump 4 to start the cooling tower unit 2 and the first circulating pump 4 . At this time, the return water at about 25° C. exchanges heat with the cooling water generated by the cooling tower 5 in the heat exchanger 6 , and the return water temperature drops to about 15° C., which meets the cooling demand.

As shown in Figure 5, in the transition season between winter and summer, the cooling tower unit 2 cannot meet all the cooling needs, and the first-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3 can be turned on to cool the return water, realizing the cooling tower method and mechanical cooling. Effective combination of compression cooling methods. First connect a water pipe between the water outlet of the shell of the evaporator 10 of the first stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3 and the inlet of the first circulation pump 4, open the cooling tower unit 2, the first circulation pump 4 and the first stage mechanical Compression refrigeration unit 3. At this time, the return water at about 25°C first exchanges heat with the cooling water produced by the cooling tower 5 in the heat exchanger 6. Further cooling down to about 15°C meets the cooling demand.

As shown in Figure 6, when the cooling tower method cannot be used for cooling in summer, all mechanical compression cooling methods must be used to cool the return water. First close the cooling tower unit 2; then connect a water pipe between the water outlet of the air-water surface cooler 1 outlet header 17 and the water inlet of the shell of the evaporator 10 of the first-stage mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3; finally open The mechanical compression refrigeration unit 3 and the first circulation pump 4 at various stages. The return water flowing out of the water outlet header 17 of the air-water surface cooler 1 is gradually cooled in the evaporators 10 of the mechanical compression refrigeration units 3 at various levels, reaching about 15°C, which meets the cooling demand. Since the return water operates under a large temperature difference, the mechanical compression refrigeration units 3 at all levels can achieve different evaporation pressures, which helps to improve the energy efficiency of the treatment process.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the utility model, wherein the structure and connection mode of each component can be changed, and any equivalent transformation and improvement carried out on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model should not be excluded. Outside the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims (6)

1. A large temperature difference air conditioning system for data center heat removal, characterized in that: it includes an air-water surface cooler, a cooling tower unit, at least two stages of mechanical compression refrigeration units and a first circulation pump; The cooling tower unit includes a heat exchanger, a second circulation pump and a cooling tower, the heat exchange pipe outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the second circulation pump, and the outlet of the second circulation pump Connect the water inlet of the cooling tower, the water outlet of the cooling tower is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchange tube of the heat exchanger; The mechanical compression refrigeration unit of each stage includes an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a throttle valve; after the refrigerant enters the heat exchange tube of the condenser through the compressor to dissipate heat, it passes through the The throttling valve enters the heat exchange tube of the evaporator to absorb heat; The air inlet of the air-water cooler housing is connected to the air outlet of the data center, and the air outlet of the air-water cooler housing is connected to the air inlet of the data center; The water outlet of the heat exchange tube of the air-water surface cooler is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger shell of the cooling tower unit, and the water outlet of the heat exchanger shell is connected to the mechanical compression refrigeration unit of the first stage The water inlet of the evaporator shell of the first stage, the water outlet of the evaporator shell of the mechanical compression refrigeration unit in the first stage is connected to the water inlet of the evaporator casing of the mechanical compression refrigeration unit in the next stage, and the last stage The water outlet of the evaporator shell of the mechanical compression refrigeration unit is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchange tube of the air-water surface cooler through the first circulation pump. 2. A large temperature difference air-conditioning system for data center heat removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air-water surface cooler comprises a casing, and a plurality of fins arranged in parallel are arranged in the casing The fins are vertically pierced with several columns of serpentine heat exchange tubes, and the inlets of each column of serpentine heat exchange tubes are connected in parallel on the same water inlet header, and the water inlet header is used as the The water inlet of the heat exchange tube of the air-water meter cooler shell; the outlets of the serpentine heat exchange tubes in each column are connected in parallel on the same water outlet header, and the water outlet header serves as a pipe for passing through the air-water meter cooler shell. The water outlet of the heat exchange tube of the body. 3. A large temperature difference air-conditioning system for data center heat removal as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: each row of serpentine heat exchange tubes consists of several straight tubes passing through the fins from top to bottom. It consists of a pipe and an elbow connecting two adjacent straight pipes, and the projection of each elbow on the fin has an inclination angle with respect to the vertical direction. 4. A large temperature difference air-conditioning system for data center heat removal according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the cooling tower is a cooling tower with a pre-cooling module. 5. A large temperature difference air-conditioning system for data center heat removal according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the mechanical refrigeration compression units are arranged in more than three stages. 6 . The large temperature difference air-conditioning system for data center heat removal according to claim 4 , wherein the mechanical refrigeration compression units are arranged in more than three stages. 7 .

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