The fire prevention vacuum heat-insulating plate of External Thermal Insulation System
Technical field
The invention belongs to the building thermal insulation material field, be specifically related to a kind of Novel fireproof vacuum heat-insulating plate, relate in particular to the fire prevention vacuum heat-insulating plate of External Thermal Insulation System.
Background technology
Along with social economy's ground development, energy consumption and CO2 emissions raise year by year, have caused the dual-pressure of resource anxiety and environmental disruption, and the Chinese government recognizes the importance of energy-saving and emission-reduction, and energy-saving and emission-reduction are decided to be state basic policy.Building energy consumption accounts for whole society's commodity energy consumption and reaches more than 1/4th.And one of main path that reduces heating and cooling energy consumption is exactly the thermal and insulating performance that improves buildings exterior-protected structure, reduces its heat transfer loss.
At present, the thermal insulation mode of the building external envelope structure generally promoted of the whole nation is to adopt the organic insulation material External Wall such as expansion polyphenyl plate (EPS), extruded sheet (XPS) and polyurethane foam (PU) and roof to carry out outer insulation.Organic insulation material has the advantages such as lightweight, compactness is high, coefficient of thermal conductivity is low, but also has the shortcoming that easily wears out with efflorescence, in general is about 20 to 30 years service life.And the projected life of the general inhabitation of China and public building is more than 50 years.Thereby not mating of both life-spans causes changing the huge engineering that heat insulating material becomes a consumption of natural resource and financial resources midway.Particularly in recent years, the problems such as the disaster hidden-trouble that the building heat preservation system take polyphenyl plate as the master exists, the hidden danger that comes off, durability, military service after date generation flood tide rubbish came out gradually, and industry appeals that the voice day of the organic insulation materials such as superseded polyphenyl plate is high.After CCTV's building fire and the road big fire of Jiangzhou, Shanghai, bitter lesson more starts an upsurge this cry.
Can see from the developing history of external external thermal insulation system, the requirement of external wall thermal insulation fire savety is used as the first-selected condition that this technology is used always.In the country of the External Thermal Insulation Technology for External application of advanced such as America and Europe, the exterior wall heat-preserving system of Important building, highrise building all there is strict fire protection requirement; Different external thermal insulation systems and heat insulating material all there are flammability test method and grade scale, simultaneously the exterior wall heat-preserving system of different fire-protection ratings are stipulated in the scope of application of building field.The globality research of external wall thermal insulation also so that the emphasis of testing standard all be placed on the fire line of heat insulation system tested and assesses on, therefore also formed a plurality of external wall heat insulation system fire-protection standards that can reference.For example: British Standard BS8414-1:2002 " the fireproof performance method of testing of building surface non-bearing outer covering layer system " and BRE135 (2003) " the fireproof performance test of the outer insulation of multistory building ", for another example, American insurance merchant laboratory standard UL1040 " test of thermal isolation body of wall fire " and American National Standard ANSI FM 4880 " fire test of interior and exterior finishes system ".Do not have because of polyphenyl plate thin plastering system fire savety in Germany and to reach the relevant regulations that requires more than 22m, build use; There is more than the 18m building not allow to use the regulation of polyphenyl plate thin plastering exterior wall external insulation system in Britain.
The Ministry of Public Security had issued " about the notice of further clear and definite civilian construction heat insulating material for external fire supervision management relevant requirements " in 2011, explicitly point out " before the new standard issue; carry out as strict as possible " civilian construction outer heat preservation system and decoration of exterior wall fire prevention temporary provisions " (No. [2009] 46, public logical word) second regulation, it is the material of A level that the civilian construction heat insulating material for external adopts combustibility ".This has higher requirement to China's construction market, and this is stipulated standard exterior-wall heat insulation market, reduces Fire Accidents for Buildings, and meaning is very great.
Vacuum heat-insulating plate take porous material as core (Vacuum Insulation Panel is called for short VIP) is a kind of new and effective thermal insulation material of in recent years developing, and mainly micropore sandwich structure and the encapsulating material by Vacuum Package consists of.Compare with traditional heat insulating material, its coefficient of thermal conductivity can reach 0.003W/ (mK)-0.01W/ (mK), is equivalent to 10 times of the conventional insulation material even higher; Simultaneously, its high-strength light has A level fireproof performance, will have ample scope for one's abilities aspect the building heat preservation fire prevention.
The vacuum heat-insulating plate of the first generation adopts foamed plastics as Sandwich materials, and density is little, coefficient of thermal conductivity is low.China Patent No. ZL200610122870.1 discloses a kind of VIP plate and preparation method take glass fiber and phenolic composite as core, and this VIP plate is three layer construction, and levels is glass fiber, and the intermediate layer is the foaming phenolic aldehyde.China Patent No. ZL 200610122871.6 discloses a kind of vacuum heat-insulating plate and preparation method take the foaming phenolic aldehyde as core; China Patent Publication No. CN1087650 discloses a kind of preparation method of the vacuum heat-insulating plate take open-celled rigid polyurethane foam as core.Above these patents all are as adiabatic core take organic polymer, because organic polymer is high temperature resistant and fire resistance is undesirable, fire-protection rating does not reach the A level, is mainly used in refrigerator and vacuum transport industry, is not suitable for applying in External Thermal Insulation System.
It is adiabatic core that second generation vacuum heat-insulating plate mainly adopts inorganic porous material, Chinese patent 200420053407.2 discloses a kind of vacuum heat-insulating plate, described core is aerosil and glass fiber, described core surface is provided with infrared reflecting layer, and described shell is stacked bag or hard metal or glass plate.This patent complex process, the composite core material cost is higher.China Patent Publication No. CN 102102796A discloses a kind of vacuum heat-insulating plate and preparation method thereof, and described core is comprised of super glass wool, centrifugal cotton and mineral wool.This patent core needs 120-160 ℃ of heat treatment, then need to perforate on the vacuum heat-insulating plate plate face of making, the perforate member is installed, and complex process, the production cycle is long, poor operability, cost of production is high, is not suitable for applying.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to overcome in the past that vacuum heat-insulating plate is high temperature resistant and fireproof performance was poor, cost is higher, complex process, the shortcoming that production cycle is long, provide a kind of technique simple, cost is low, the high temperature resistant and good vacuum heat-insulating plate of fireproof performance, take into account two aspects of building heat preservation and building fire protection, can effectively solve insulation and fire safety problem in the external thermal insulation system.
The fire prevention vacuum heat-insulating plate of External Thermal Insulation System of the present invention is characterized in that: have aerosil, carborundum and glass fiber to mix the plate that consists of, the plate Vacuum Package consists of the fire prevention vacuum heat-insulating plate in the glass Aluminum-plastic composite bag.Also be mixed with admixture in the plate.The fire prevention vacuum heat-insulating plate of described this External Thermal Insulation System is made of in the glass Aluminum-plastic composite bag aerosil, admixture, silicon carbide powder, glass fiber mixed plate and Vacuum Package.
The present invention overcomes first generation vacuum heat-insulating plate can not the high temperature resistant and poor shortcoming of fireproof performance.Mainly be that the present invention mixes as core with glass fiber as adiabatic take the low price aerosil, not only greatly reduce cost, mainly be easily to mix compressing even with glass fiber, keep qualitative final vacuum to be encapsulated in the plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass, just can realize the outer insulated fire plate of the very high external wall of intensity.Add silicon carbide powder and effectively absorbed infrared emanation, do not need the extra infrared reflecting layer that arranges, reduced coefficient of thermal conductivity when having simplified production technology.Improved the perforate of existing second generation vacuum heat-insulating plate plate face, the perforate member is installed, needed the technique difficult problems such as heat-treating profiled, technique is simple, and the cycle is short.Mix admixture, turn waste into wealth, effectively reduced cost of production in the time of energy-conserving and environment-protective, promoted greatly vacuum heat-insulating plate to be applied to civilian construction external wall outer insulation fire prevention system from high-end manufacturing.
The fire prevention vacuum heat-insulating plate preparation method of External Thermal Insulation System of the present invention:
1) at first aerosil, admixture, carborundum and glass fiber being put into the crushing mixer fragmentation by a certain percentage mixes;
2) mixed material is poured in the square die, carried out extrusion forming and obtain plate, also claim plate core or composite core material, can form the composite core material of different-thickness and different densities;
3) composite core material that takes out forming is put into the plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass, is evacuated to vacuum less than 1Pa, and encapsulation obtains the vacuum heat-insulating plate of preventing fires.
According to the mass percent meter: aerosil: admixture: carborundum: glass fiber=(20%~80%): (0%~65%): (10%~15%): (1%~8%).
The average grain diameter of aerosil of the present invention between 5~100nm, preferred 10~30nm.Admixture of the present invention is one or more the mixture in silicon ash, flyash, super finely ground slag, rock wool powder, the super glass wool, namely their any mixture a kind of or between them.The average grain diameter of carborundum of the present invention is at 1-10 μ m, preferred 2-5 μ m.Glass fiber of the present invention is the simple glass fiber, between filament diameter 3~20 μ m, between length 3~15mm.Briquetting pressure of the present invention is 0.5~3MPa, and composite core material thickness is 5~40mm, and composite core material density is 150~600kg/m
3The plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass of the present invention is the high-barrier packaging bag, and its material does not fire plastic foil by glass-fiber-fabric, three layers and aluminium foil is composited.
The present invention compares with like product and technique, has significant beneficial effect:
1, vacuum heat-insulating plate composite core material of the present invention all is to have the porous, inorganic thing to consist of, high temperature resistant and fireproof performance excellence.
2, vacuum heat-insulating plate of the present invention does not need extra adding getter because the air penetrability of packaging bag is very low, and technique is simple, the cycle is short.Add simultaneously admixture, turn waste into wealth, effectively reduced cost of production, be suitable for large tracts of land preparation and large-scale production.
3, vacuum heat-insulating plate of the present invention does not need heat treatment, and equipment investment is little.Add simultaneously silicon carbide powder in the adiabatic core and can effectively absorb infraredly, the heat conductivity of vacuum insulation panel of producing is lower.
4, vacuum heat-insulating plate of the present invention is taken into account building heat preservation and two aspects of building fire protection, can effectively solve insulation and fire safety problem in the external thermal insulation system.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 has represented the fire prevention vacuum heat-insulating plate transverse sectional view of a kind of External Thermal Insulation System of the present invention.Among the figure, 1 is the glass Aluminum-plastic composite bag; 2 for having aerosil, carborundum and glass fiber to mix the plate that consists of, and can also be mixed with admixture in the plate; 3 is glass Aluminum-plastic composite bag Vacuum Package mouth.
The specific embodiment
In order to understand better patent of the present invention, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only limited to the following examples.
Each embodiment composite core material mass percent example of table one
Embodiment 1
At first aerosil, silicon ash, flyash, super finely ground slag, rock wool powder, super glass wool, carborundum and glass fiber are put into crushing mixer according to the mass percent example among table one embodiment 1, fragmentation mixes; Then mixed material is poured in the square die, put into forcing press, on-load pressure is that 2MPa carries out extrusion forming, obtains composite core material; Take out the composite core material of forming and put into the plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass, be evacuated to vacuum less than 1Pa, encapsulate the vacuum heat-insulating plate VIP1 that obtains preventing fires.
Embodiment 2
At first aerosil, silicon ash, super finely ground slag, carborundum and glass fiber are put into crushing mixer according to the mass percent example among table one embodiment 2, fragmentation mixes; Then mixed material is poured in the square die, put into forcing press, on-load pressure is that 3MPa carries out extrusion forming, obtains composite core material; Take out the composite core material of forming and put into the plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass, be evacuated to vacuum less than 1Pa, encapsulate the vacuum heat-insulating plate VIP2 that obtains preventing fires.
Embodiment 3
At first aerosil, flyash, rock wool powder, super glass wool, carborundum and glass fiber are put into crushing mixer according to the mass percent example among table one embodiment 3, fragmentation mixes; Then mixed material is poured in the square die, put into forcing press, on-load pressure is that 2.5MPa carries out extrusion forming, obtains composite core material; Take out the composite core material of forming and put into the plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass, be evacuated to vacuum less than 1Pa, encapsulate the vacuum heat-insulating plate VIP3 that obtains preventing fires.
Embodiment 4
At first aerosil, silicon ash, flyash, super finely ground slag, carborundum and glass fiber are put into crushing mixer according to the mass percent example among table one embodiment 4, fragmentation mixes; Then mixed material is poured in the square die, put into forcing press, on-load pressure is that 1.0MPa carries out extrusion forming, obtains composite core material; Take out the composite core material of forming and put into the plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass, be evacuated to vacuum less than 1Pa, encapsulate the vacuum heat-insulating plate VIP4 that obtains preventing fires.
Embodiment 5
At first aerosil, super finely ground slag, rock wool powder, super glass wool, carborundum and glass fiber are put into crushing mixer according to the mass percent example among table one embodiment 5, fragmentation mixes; Then mixed material is poured in the square die, put into forcing press, on-load pressure is that 1.8MPa carries out extrusion forming, obtains composite core material; Take out the composite core material of forming and put into the plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass, be evacuated to vacuum less than 1Pa, encapsulate the vacuum heat-insulating plate VIP5 that obtains preventing fires.
Embodiment 6
At first aerosil, silicon ash, carborundum and glass fiber are put into crushing mixer according to the mass percent example among table one embodiment 6, fragmentation mixes; Then mixed material is poured in the square die, put into forcing press, on-load pressure is that 2.2MPa carries out extrusion forming, obtains composite core material; Take out the composite core material of forming and put into the plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass, be evacuated to vacuum less than 1Pa, encapsulate the vacuum heat-insulating plate VIP6 that obtains preventing fires.
Embodiment 7
At first aerosil, carborundum and glass fiber are put into crushing mixer according to the mass percent example among table one embodiment 7, fragmentation mixes; Then mixed material is poured in the square die, put into forcing press, on-load pressure is that 0.5MPa carries out extrusion forming, obtains composite core material; Take out the composite core material of forming and put into the plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass, be evacuated to vacuum less than 1Pa, encapsulate the vacuum heat-insulating plate VIP7 that obtains preventing fires.
Embodiment 8
At first aerosil, flyash, super finely ground slag, rock wool powder, carborundum and glass fiber are put into crushing mixer according to the mass percent example among table one embodiment 8, fragmentation mixes; Then mixed material is poured in the square die, put into forcing press, on-load pressure is that 1.9MPa carries out extrusion forming, obtains composite core material; Take out the composite core material of forming and put into the plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass, be evacuated to vacuum less than 1Pa, encapsulate the vacuum heat-insulating plate VIP8 that obtains preventing fires.
Embodiment 9
At first aerosil, silicon ash, flyash, super finely ground slag, rock wool powder, carborundum and glass fiber are put into crushing mixer according to the mass percent example among table one embodiment 9, fragmentation mixes; Then mixed material is poured in the square die, put into forcing press, on-load pressure is that 1.6MPa carries out extrusion forming, obtains composite core material; Take out the composite core material of forming and put into the plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass, be evacuated to vacuum less than 1Pa, encapsulate the vacuum heat-insulating plate VIP9 that obtains preventing fires.
Embodiment 10
At first aerosil, super finely ground slag, rock wool powder, super glass wool, carborundum and glass fiber are put into crushing mixer according to the mass percent example among table one embodiment 10, fragmentation mixes; Then mixed material is poured in the square die, put into forcing press, on-load pressure is that 0.8MPa carries out extrusion forming, obtains composite core material; Take out the composite core material of forming and put into the plastic-aluminum combined packaging bag of glass, be evacuated to vacuum less than 1Pa, encapsulate the vacuum heat-insulating plate VIP10 that obtains preventing fires.
The vacuum heat-insulating plate (VIP1-10) of above 10 embodiment is carried out the mensuration of density and coefficient of thermal conductivity, its result as shown in Table 2:
Table two each embodiment finished product density and coefficient of thermal conductivity
Experimental result by table two can be found out, the coefficient of thermal conductivity of fire prevention vacuum heat-insulating plate of the present invention is very low, coefficient of thermal conductivity among the embodiment 7 only is 0.0056W/ (mK), coefficient of thermal conductivity 0.041W/ (mK) well below the organic polyphenyl plate of tradition, have building heat preservation and building fire protection dual-use function concurrently, can effectively solve insulation and fire safety problem in the External Thermal Insulation System, suitable large-scale promotion application.