CN103438327A - High-performance nano thermal insulation materials with ultralow heat conductivity coefficients and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-performance nano thermal insulation materials with ultralow heat conductivity coefficients and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103438327A
CN103438327A CN2013103668759A CN201310366875A CN103438327A CN 103438327 A CN103438327 A CN 103438327A CN 2013103668759 A CN2013103668759 A CN 2013103668759A CN 201310366875 A CN201310366875 A CN 201310366875A CN 103438327 A CN103438327 A CN 103438327A
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thermal
insulating filling
thermal insulating
thermal insulation
barrier film
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CN103438327B (en
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罗文洲
郭峰
陈粤海
石继梅
蒋琳
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Sichuan Aerospace System Engineering Research Institute
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Sichuan Aerospace System Engineering Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention discloses high-performance nano thermal insulation materials with ultralow heat conductivity coefficients and a preparation method of the high-performance nano thermal insulation materials, and belongs to a thermal preservation and insulation material. The thermal insulation materials at least comprise thermal insulation padding, a barrier film coats the thermal insulation padding, the inner portion of the barrier film is in a vacuum state, and the barrier film is in close contact with the thermal insulation padding under the action of vacuum. A vacuum thermal insulation structure formed by the composite thermal insulation padding is adopted to improve thermal radiation, the thermal insulation performance of thermal insulation materials is effectively improved, the thermal insulation performance of the materials can be further improved with the assistance of all kinds of aerogel, and the heat conductivity coefficients obtained by the experiment of the inventor can reach 0.005W/m*K. In addition, the supporting structure inside the thermal insulation materials is optimized through a nano composite material technology, the thermal insulation materials are made to have certain bearing capacity, and meanwhile the materials are especially suitable for being used as the thermal insulation and thermal preservation materials in a sealed-space thermal insulation system with a limited size, can also be used in other devices or appliances to carry put thermal preservation and insulation, and are wide in application range.

Description

There is high-performance nano thermal-protective material of ultralow thermal conductivity and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat preserving and insulating material, in particular, the present invention relates generally to a kind of high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Because the volume of part seal space is limited, in order to save space, need the heat-insulating structure that uses ultralow thermal conductivity to reduce volume occupancy rate and the weight of heat-insulating structure, thereby improve the space utilization efficiency.Heat preserving and insulating material commonly used has polyurethane foam (thermal conductivity is 0.03W/mK-0.04W/mK), asbestos (thermal conductivity is 0.038W/mK-0.047W/mK), polystyrene foam (thermal conductivity is 0.033W/mK-0.044W/mK), traditional vacuum heat-insulating structure (thermal conductivity is 0.0025W/mK-0.004W/mK) etc. at present.But the traditional vacuum heat-insulating structure can not be used as the structural member carrying, weight is high, is only that the angle from reducing heat conduction and thermoconvection reduces thermal conductivity.Therefore be necessary to do further improvement for the structure of the heat-insulating heat-preserving material with special-purpose.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is for above-mentioned deficiency, and a kind of high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity and preparation method thereof is provided, and the heat insulation rate of per unit volume that solves existing thermal-protective material with expectation is low, and does not possess the technical problem such as load.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity provided by the present invention, at least comprise thermal insulating filling in described thermal-protective material, the outside of described thermal insulating filling also is coated with barrier film, the inside of described barrier film is vacuum state, and barrier film under vacuum action with the thermal insulating filling close contact.
As preferably, further technological scheme is: also comprise the body material as the thermal insulating filling carrier in described thermal-protective material, described body material material and thermal insulating filling are in the lump by the barrier film coating and in vacuum state.
Further technological scheme is: described body material be in glass fiber cloth, cotton thread, aryl fiber cloth any one or multiple.
Further technological scheme is: described barrier film is by any one or multiple being composited in the middle of aluminium film and polyvinylidene difluoride film, polypropylene film, polyester film, polyvinyl chloride film, silicone rubber membrane.
Further technological scheme is: described thermal insulating filling is by any one or multiple mixing in the middle of glass wool and glass fibre, nanometer silicon dioxide particle, dewatering nano silica dioxide granule, nanoporous aerogel, nanometer titanium dioxide silica aerogel.
Further technological scheme is: in described thermal insulating filling, the content of glass fibre is less than or equal to 50% of thermal insulating filling gross weight, the content of nanometer silicon dioxide particle be less than or equal to the thermal insulating filling gross weight 30%, the content of dewatering nano silica dioxide granule be less than or equal to the thermal insulating filling gross weight 30%, the content of nanoporous aerogel be less than or equal to the thermal insulating filling gross weight the thermal insulating filling gross weight 10%, the content of nanometer titanium dioxide silica aerogel is less than or equal to 40% of thermal insulating filling gross weight.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method with high-performance nano thermal-protective material of ultralow thermal conductivity, and described preparation method is after thermal insulating filling is mixed, and puts into the inside of barrier film; Adopt again vacuum pumping device to make the inside of thermal insulating filling form vacuum; And then, after carrying out hot sealing or adopting the methyl vinyl silicone rubber sealing, prepared by thermal-protective material.
As preferably, further technological scheme is: increase body material and thermal insulating filling and put in the lump the inside of barrier film, and make barrier film and body material, thermal insulating filling close contact under the effect of vacuum.
Further technological scheme is: described body material be in glass fiber cloth, cotton thread, aryl fiber cloth any one or multiple; Described barrier film is composited by any one or the multiple hot pressing in the middle of aluminium film and polyvinylidene difluoride film, polypropylene film, polyester film, polyvinyl chloride film, silicone rubber membrane.
Further technological scheme is: described thermal insulating filling is by any one or multiple mixing in the middle of glass wool and glass fibre, nanometer silicon dioxide particle, dewatering nano silica dioxide granule, nanoporous aerogel, nanometer titanium dioxide silica aerogel; And in described thermal insulating filling, the content of glass fibre is less than or equal to 50% of thermal insulating filling gross weight, the content of nanometer silicon dioxide particle be less than or equal to the thermal insulating filling gross weight 30%, the content of dewatering nano silica dioxide granule be less than or equal to the thermal insulating filling gross weight 30%, the content of nanoporous aerogel be less than or equal to the thermal insulating filling gross weight 10%, the content of nanometer titanium dioxide silica aerogel is less than or equal to 40% of thermal insulating filling gross weight.
Compared with prior art, one of beneficial effect of the present invention is: by the vacuum degree that adopts the compound heat-insulation filler to form, in order to increase thermal radiation, thereby effectively improve the heat-shielding performance of thermal-protective material, and under each aerogel-like auxiliary, can further improve the heat-shielding performance of material, the thermal conductivity obtained according to inventor's experiment can reach 0.005W/mK; In addition by the supporting structure of nano composite material technical optimization thermal-protective material inside, make thermal-protective material can there is certain bearing capacity, a kind of high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity provided by the present invention is particularly suited for as heat-insulating heat-preserving material, using in the seal space insulation system limited at volume simultaneously, also can be used for carrying out insulation in other equipment or device, application area is wide.
Embodiment
Below the present invention is further elaborated in conjunction with specific embodiments again.
One embodiment of the present of invention are a kind of high-performance nano thermal-protective materials with ultralow thermal conductivity, at least comprise thermal insulating filling in described thermal-protective material, the outside of described thermal insulating filling also is coated with barrier film, the inside of described barrier film is vacuum state, and barrier film under vacuum action with the thermal insulating filling close contact.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned thermal insulating filling is preferably any one or multiple the mixing in the middle of glass wool and glass fibre, nanometer silicon dioxide particle, dewatering nano silica dioxide granule, nanoporous aerogel, nanometer titanium dioxide silica aerogel, and the vacuum degree by the nanometer aerogel increases thermal radiation and further improves the heat-shielding performance of vacuum heat insulation material.
The inventor also considers that the above-mentioned consumption concrete as the material of thermal insulating filling will affect its heat insulation ability simultaneously, therefore carried out concrete experiment for the content of above-mentioned every kind of material in thermal insulating filling, obtain following preferred content: in above-mentioned thermal insulating filling, the content of glass fibre is less than or equal to 50% of thermal insulating filling gross weight, the content of nanometer silicon dioxide particle is less than or equal to 30% of thermal insulating filling gross weight, the content of dewatering nano silica dioxide granule is less than or equal to 30% of thermal insulating filling gross weight, the content of nanoporous aerogel is less than or equal to 10% of thermal insulating filling gross weight, the content of nanometer titanium dioxide silica aerogel is less than or equal to 40% of thermal insulating filling gross weight.
In addition, the heat-shielding performance of the above-mentioned thermal-protective material of more further optimization, and make above-mentioned thermal insulating filling keep even in the vacuum environment of barrier film inside, preferably increase body material again in the structure of above-mentioned thermal-protective material, this body material can be used as the carrier of above-mentioned thermal insulating filling, and with thermal insulating filling, by barrier film, is coated in the lump and in vacuum state.And about the concrete material of body material, the inventor is with reference to the multiple material that can be used as the liquid carrier of the prior art, think that it should adopt Fiber Materials for well, such as glass fiber cloth, cotton thread, aryl fiber cloth etc., or be the combination of aforementioned various material.
Yet above-mentioned barrier film can adopt any one or multiple being composited in the middle of aluminium film and polyvinylidene difluoride film, polypropylene film, polyester film, polyvinyl chloride film, silicone rubber membrane.Product after compound with aforementioned manner is similar, also can directly adopt on market, can buy cover the aluminium polyester film.
An alternative embodiment of the invention is a kind of concrete preparation method of the above-mentioned high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity, and this preparation method is roughly: after thermal insulating filling is mixed, put into the inside of barrier film; Adopt again vacuum pumping device to make the inside of barrier film form vacuum; And then, after carrying out hot sealing or adopting the methyl vinyl silicone rubber sealing, prepared by thermal-protective material.
Similar with the above embodiments, can be based on the above method, increase body material and thermal insulating filling and put in the lump the inside of barrier film, and make barrier film and body material, thermal insulating filling close contact under the effect of vacuum.
According to above-mentioned method, the inventor also provides following three concrete operation embodiments, so that those skilled in the art is more readily understood the present invention:
Embodiment one:
A. barrier film: aluminium film, polyester film;
B. the thermal insulating filling of low thermal conductivity: glass wool (40%wt), glass fibre (30%wt), nano silicon (30%wt);
C. low thermal conductivity body material: nothing;
D. preparation process:
1) polyester film and aluminium film are carried out to the compound or direct purchase of hot pressing and cover the aluminium polyester film;
2) by nano silicon and glass fiber loaded to the glass wool carrier;
3) load there is is the heat insulation component of low heat filling be positioned on barrier film, be evacuated to barrier film and heat insulation component is fully fitted, hot sealing or use the methyl vinyl silicone rubber sealing;
The technical order that this example can reach after after tested is:
E. thermal conductivity index: thermal conductivity≤0.008W/mK.
F. mechanical property: bending >=450N.
Embodiment two:
A. barrier film: aluminium film, polypropylene film;
B. low thermal conductivity thermal insulating filling: glass wool (70%wt), nanometer titanium dioxide silica aerogel (30%wt);
C. low thermal conductivity body material: glass fiber cloth;
D. preparation process:
1) polypropylene film and aluminium film are carried out to the compound or direct purchase of hot pressing and cover the aluminium polypropylene film;
2) by nano silicon and glass fiber loaded to the glass wool carrier;
3) load there is is the heat insulation component of low heat filling be positioned on barrier film, be evacuated to barrier film and heat insulation component is fully fitted, hot sealing or use the methyl vinyl silicone rubber sealing;
The technical order that this example can reach after after tested is:
E. thermal conductivity index: thermal conductivity≤0.007W/mK.
F. mechanical property: bending >=650N.
Embodiment three:
A. polyester film and aluminium film are carried out to the compound or direct purchase of hot pressing and cover the aluminium polyester film;
B. low thermal conductivity thermal insulating filling: glass wool (70%wt), nanoporous aerogel (30%wt);
C. low thermal conductivity body material: aryl fiber cloth;
D. preparation process:
1) polypropylene film and aluminium film are carried out to the compound or direct purchase of hot pressing and cover the aluminium polypropylene film;
2) nanoporous aerogel is loaded on the glass wool carrier;
3) load there is is the heat insulation component of low heat filling be positioned on barrier film, be evacuated to barrier film and heat insulation component is fully fitted, hot sealing or use the methyl vinyl silicone rubber sealing;
The technical order that this example can reach after after tested is:
E. thermal conductivity index: thermal conductivity≤0.005W/mK.
F. mechanical property: bending >=650N.
Except above-mentioned, also it should be noted that " embodiment ", " another embodiment " that spoken of in this manual, " embodiment " etc., refer to specific features, structure or the characteristics described in conjunction with this embodiment and be included at least one embodiment that the application's generality describes.In specification, a plurality of local appearance statement of the same race is not necessarily to refer to same embodiment.Furthermore, while in conjunction with arbitrary embodiment, describing a specific features, structure or characteristics, what advocate is to realize that in conjunction with other embodiments this feature, structure or characteristics also fall within the scope of the invention.
Although with reference to a plurality of explanatory embodiments of the present invention, invention has been described here, but, should be appreciated that, those skilled in the art can design a lot of other modification and mode of executions, and these are revised and within mode of execution will drop on the disclosed principle scope and spirit of the application.More particularly, in the scope of and claim open at this specification, can carry out multiple modification and improvement to constituent elements and/or the layout of subject combination layout.Except modification that constituent elements and/or layout are carried out with improving, to those skilled in the art, other purposes will be also obvious.

Claims (10)

1. the high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity, it is characterized in that: at least comprise thermal insulating filling in described thermal-protective material, the outside of described thermal insulating filling also is coated with barrier film, the inside of described barrier film is vacuum state, and barrier film under vacuum action with the thermal insulating filling close contact.
2. the high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the body material as the thermal insulating filling carrier in described thermal-protective material, described body material material and thermal insulating filling are in the lump by the barrier film coating and in vacuum state.
3. the high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described body material be in glass fiber cloth, cotton thread, aryl fiber cloth any one or multiple.
4. the high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described barrier film is by any one or multiple being composited in the middle of aluminium film and polyvinylidene difluoride film, polypropylene film, polyester film, polyvinyl chloride film, silicone rubber membrane.
5. the high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described thermal insulating filling is by any one or multiple mixing in the middle of glass wool and glass fibre, nanometer silicon dioxide particle, dewatering nano silica dioxide granule, nanoporous aerogel, nanometer titanium dioxide silica aerogel.
6. the high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described thermal insulating filling, the content of glass fibre is less than or equal to 50% of thermal insulating filling gross weight, the content of nanometer silicon dioxide particle be less than or equal to the thermal insulating filling gross weight 30%, the content of dewatering nano silica dioxide granule be less than or equal to the thermal insulating filling gross weight 30%, the content of nanoporous aerogel be less than or equal to the thermal insulating filling gross weight 10%, the content of nanometer titanium dioxide silica aerogel is less than or equal to 40% of thermal insulating filling gross weight.
7. the described preparation method with high-performance nano thermal-protective material of ultralow thermal conductivity of claim 1 to 6 any one is characterized in that: described preparation method, for after thermal insulating filling is mixed, puts into the inside of barrier film; Adopt again vacuum pumping device to make the inside of barrier film form vacuum; And then, after carrying out hot sealing or adopting the methyl vinyl silicone rubber sealing, prepared by thermal-protective material.
8. the high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: increase body material and thermal insulating filling and put in the lump the inside of barrier film, and make barrier film and body material, thermal insulating filling close contact under the effect of vacuum.
9. the high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described body material be in glass fiber cloth, cotton thread, aryl fiber cloth any one or multiple; Described barrier film is composited by any one or the multiple hot pressing in the middle of aluminium film and polyvinylidene difluoride film, polypropylene film, polyester film, polyvinyl chloride film, silicone rubber membrane.
10. according to the described high-performance nano thermal-protective material with ultralow thermal conductivity of claim 7 to 9 any one, it is characterized in that: described thermal insulating filling is by any one or multiple mixing in the middle of glass wool and glass fibre, nanometer silicon dioxide particle, dewatering nano silica dioxide granule, nanoporous aerogel, nanometer titanium dioxide silica aerogel; And in described thermal insulating filling, the content of glass fibre is less than or equal to 50% of thermal insulating filling gross weight, the content of nanometer silicon dioxide particle be less than or equal to the thermal insulating filling gross weight 30%, the content of dewatering nano silica dioxide granule be less than or equal to the thermal insulating filling gross weight 30%, the content of nanoporous aerogel be less than or equal to the thermal insulating filling gross weight 10%, the content of nanometer titanium dioxide silica aerogel is less than or equal to 40% of thermal insulating filling gross weight.
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CN105090682A (en) * 2014-05-15 2015-11-25 杭州三花研究院有限公司 Heat-insulation pipe
CN105274729A (en) * 2015-09-07 2016-01-27 世纪良基投资集团有限公司 Application of glass wool as thermal insulation material
CN105274730A (en) * 2015-09-07 2016-01-27 世纪良基投资集团有限公司 Glass wool
CN105570614A (en) * 2015-12-30 2016-05-11 南京航空航天大学 High-temperature vacuum thermal insulation composite material with infrared reflection layers added therein
CN106697593A (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-05-24 顺丰速运有限公司 Thermal-insulation packing material and preparation method thereof and thermal insulation bag
CN108032570A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-05-15 上海航天化工应用研究所 A kind of high-strength light marine climate resistant composite heat-insulated material and preparation method thereof
CN109140124A (en) * 2017-06-19 2019-01-04 威赫热能技术(上海)有限公司 A kind of nano-vacuum insulation panel and preparation method thereof
CN113045284A (en) * 2021-03-11 2021-06-29 山东茂盛管业有限公司 Heat-insulating paving tile block based on nano aerogel particles and preparation method thereof
CN113719697A (en) * 2021-09-07 2021-11-30 无锡海跃船舶新材料科技有限公司 Composite thermal insulation material with fireproof function and high thermal insulation and ultralow heat conductivity coefficient

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Cited By (11)

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CN105090682A (en) * 2014-05-15 2015-11-25 杭州三花研究院有限公司 Heat-insulation pipe
CN105274729A (en) * 2015-09-07 2016-01-27 世纪良基投资集团有限公司 Application of glass wool as thermal insulation material
CN105274730A (en) * 2015-09-07 2016-01-27 世纪良基投资集团有限公司 Glass wool
CN105570614A (en) * 2015-12-30 2016-05-11 南京航空航天大学 High-temperature vacuum thermal insulation composite material with infrared reflection layers added therein
CN105570614B (en) * 2015-12-30 2018-01-05 南京航空航天大学 A kind of high-temperature vacuum heat insulation composite material of internal addition infrared reflecting layer
CN106697593A (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-05-24 顺丰速运有限公司 Thermal-insulation packing material and preparation method thereof and thermal insulation bag
CN109140124A (en) * 2017-06-19 2019-01-04 威赫热能技术(上海)有限公司 A kind of nano-vacuum insulation panel and preparation method thereof
CN108032570A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-05-15 上海航天化工应用研究所 A kind of high-strength light marine climate resistant composite heat-insulated material and preparation method thereof
CN113045284A (en) * 2021-03-11 2021-06-29 山东茂盛管业有限公司 Heat-insulating paving tile block based on nano aerogel particles and preparation method thereof
CN113719697A (en) * 2021-09-07 2021-11-30 无锡海跃船舶新材料科技有限公司 Composite thermal insulation material with fireproof function and high thermal insulation and ultralow heat conductivity coefficient
CN113719697B (en) * 2021-09-07 2022-10-04 无锡海跃船舶新材料科技有限公司 Composite thermal insulation material with fireproof function and high thermal insulation and ultralow heat conductivity coefficient

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