CN202720048U - Low frequency multiple output passive servo vibration sensor capable of simultaneously measuring acceleration and velocity - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a low frequency multiple output passive servo vibration sensor capable of simultaneously measuring acceleration and velocity. The low frequency multiple output passive servo vibration sensor capable of simultaneously measuring acceleration and velocity is characterized in that a base, an upper sheath and an upper cover are sequentially connected to form a hollow casing; a permanent magnet is fixedly arranged on the base; a soft iron is fixedly arranged on the permanent magnet; an armature is arranged around the soft iron; a coil frame is arranged in a gap between the soft iron and the armature; the coil frame is connected with the armature through a spring piece; three wiring terminals are arranged on the coil frame; the coil frame is wound with a primary coil, a secondary coil and a calibration coil; the primary coil, the secondary coil and the calibration coil are respectively connected with the three wiring terminals; a front circuit terminal and a rear circuit terminal are arranged on the circuit board; a capacitor is connected in parallel between the front circuit terminal and the rear circuit terminal; a first wiring terminal is connected with the front circuit terminal; the rear circuit terminal is connected with first signal output; and a second wiring terminal is connected with second signal output. According to the utility model, a single sensor is used and mathematical treatment is not carried out on a signal, acceleration and velocity signals are simultaneously measured.

Description

The low frequency of acceleration measurement and speed is exported the passive servo vibration transducer more simultaneously

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of surveying instrument, relates in particular to a kind of vibration measurement sensor.

Background technology

Vibration-testing is a kind of common test, and measure physical quantities has acceleration, speed and displacement.The vibration transducer of the overwhelming majority is accelerometer at present, method of testing is also take acceleration analysis as main, acceleration centering high-frequency signal is responsive, the vibration-testing in the fields such as therefore mechanical vibration, impact mostly is acceleration analysis, and acceleration analysis also is the most ripe vibration measurement method of technology.

Along with the development of science and technology, low frequency Vibration more and more comes into one's own, and following field all relates to low frequency vibration measurement:

1. the dynamic experiment of the building hydraulic engineering structures such as bridge, building, dam, monitoring structural health conditions etc.

2. seismic field is such as seismological observation and strong-motion earthquake observation.

3. defense technology carries out the vibration monitorings at each position as using in a large number vibration transducers in the high-end equipment such as aircraft, rocket, and attitude control and inertial navigation also can use the low frequency sensor.

4. geology and ore prospecting is such as a large amount of various seismoreceivers that comprise low frequency earthquake wave detector that use of petroleum prospecting.

5. biodynamics research during on the affecting of human body Different Organs, needs to use vibration transducer measuring vibrations signal such as research vibration.

6. Precision Machining and manufacturing technology.

Because speed and displacement are more responsive to low frequency signal, therefore a lot of low-frequency vibrations tests also can measuring speed and displacement except acceleration measurement, and present low frequency vibration measurement uses following means:

1. the low frequency acceleration analysis directly utilizes low-frequency accelerometer to finish, such as force balanced accelerometer, piezoresistive accelerometer etc.;

2. utilize accelerometer, by acceleration signal being carried out integration and twice integral measurement speed and displacement;

3. the measurement of some low frequency rate signals uses low frequency earthquake wave detector to finish.

4. utilize " the passive servo formula is toward the multi-functional vibro-pickup of physical pendulum " to finish the measurement of low-frequency vibration signal.

The deficiency that these method of testings exist has:

1. low-frequency accelerometer is such as directly measuring speed and displacements such as force balanced accelerometer, piezoresistive accelerometers.

2. by acceleration signal being carried out once serving problem with twice integral measurement speed and displacement meeting band, carry out twice integration when especially vibration signal contains low-frequency information and can strengthen the low frequency measurement error, Tokyo vibration measuring Co., Ltd. once did contrast test and had announced comparing result to this, the result has confirmed that twice integration can strengthen the low frequency measurement error, and the measuring error that integration brings is less.

3. according to disclosed technical information, the frequency of low frequency earthquake wave detector is minimum to 1Hz, and a lot of tests need to measure the following vibration signal of 1Hz, and the seismoreceiver volume of 1Hz is large, weight is large, flexible member very easily damages, price is also very expensive, is difficult to satisfy the demand of engineering low frequency vibration measurement.

4. " the passive servo formula is toward the multi-functional vibro-pickup of physical pendulum " can finish the measurement of low frequency acceleration, speed and displacement (integration of Negotiation speed), sensors with auxiliary electrode were is used more in low frequency vibration measurement, its deficiency is to finish simultaneously the measurement of two physical quantitys, for example when acceleration measurement, can't measuring speed, if need to measure simultaneously a plurality of physical quantitys then need to install two these type of vibro-pickups, this often means that the complicacy that has increased testing cost and test;

The utility model content

The utility model provides the low frequency of a kind of simultaneously acceleration measurement and speed to export the passive servo vibration transducer more, its objective is and use single-sensor, signal is not carried out mathematics manipulation, just can realize simultaneously acceleration measurement and rate signal, and sensor has good low frequency characteristic, can satisfy the vibration-testing of building hydraulic engineering structure.

The technical scheme that its technical matters that solves the utility model adopts is:

The low frequency of a kind of simultaneously acceleration measurement and speed is exported the passive servo vibration transducer more, and it is characterized in that: pedestal, upper cover and loam cake connect to form hollow shell successively; Be installed with permanent magnet on the pedestal, be installed with soft iron on the permanent magnet, the soft iron periphery is installed with armature, is provided with coil former in the gap between soft iron and the armature, and coil former is connected with armature with spring leaf; Coil former is provided with the first binding post, the second binding post, the 3rd binding post; Be wound with main coil, secondary coil, calibration coil that coil turn reduces successively on the coil former, main coil, secondary coil, calibration coil are connected with the first binding post, the second binding post, the 3rd binding post respectively; Circuit board is provided with front circuit terminal and rear circuit terminal, is parallel with electric capacity between front circuit terminal and the rear circuit terminal; The first binding post is connected with front circuit terminal, and rear circuit terminal is exported one and is connected with being located at the signal that covers, the second binding post be located at the signal that covers and export two and be connected; Signal output one and signal output two have formed output interface jointly.

The usefulness of technique scheme is:

1. compare with low frequency earthquake wave detector, expanded the low frequency measurement scope: can measure the vibration signal of 0.1Hz, more common low frequency earthquake wave detector has been expanded the low frequency measurement scope greatly, and simple in structure, and is easy to use, and flexible member is not fragile.

2. comparing with low-frequency accelerometer has increased speed and displacement measurement function, and its speed signal is directly measured, and displacement is an integration of Negotiation speed then, has avoided twice integration to bring larger measuring error.

3. compare toward the multi-functional vibro-pickup of physical pendulum with the passive servo formula, simultaneously acceleration measurement and speed, and acceleration and speed are directly to measure, do not use the Integral Processing means, displacement measurement uses an integration, solve single vibro-pickup and measured simultaneously the problem of a plurality of physical quantitys, simplified measurement means, reduced the measurement cost.

4. by sizeable electric capacity in parallel on main coil, consist of the passive servo backfeed loop, greatly improved the low frequency characteristic of sensor, can finish the low frequency vibration measurement task that common electromagnetic sensor can't be finished; When realizing the passive servo feedback, by twine many group coils at coil former, consisted of respectively speed pendulum velograph and speed pendulum accelerometer, measure when utilizing single-sensor to realize acceleration and speed.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.

Fig. 1 is the utility model diagrammatic cross-section;

Fig. 2 is the utility model coil former side view;

Fig. 3 is the utility model coil former vertical view;

Fig. 4 is the utility model outside drawing;

Fig. 5 is the utility model circuit diagram.

Embodiment

Such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 4, square base 1, cylindrical upper cover 9 and circular upper cover 11 connect to form hollow shell successively; Be installed with permanent magnet 2 on 1 pedestal, be installed with soft iron 4 on the permanent magnet 2, soft iron 4 peripheries are installed with armature 7, and permanent magnet 2, pedestal 1, soft iron 4 and armature 7 have consisted of closed magnetic circuit jointly, and locating sleeve 3 is used for fixing with permanent magnet 2, trim ring 8 is used for fixed armature 7, between soft iron 4 and the armature 7 slit is arranged, place the slit such as Fig. 2, coil former 5 shown in Figure 3, coil former 5 is connected connection by the spring leaf (not shown) with armature, coil 6 has consisted of oscillator system on coil former 5.Coil former 5 is provided with the first binding post 14, the second binding post 15, the 3rd binding post 16.Metering circuit as shown in Figure 5 comprises front circuit terminal 18, rear circuit terminal 19 and electric capacity 17 in parallel, and metering circuit is installed on the circuit board 10, and circuit board 10 is fixing by loam cake 11 and upper cover 9.Coil 6 comprises three groups of coils, and first group of coil is called main coil, and the coil turn of winding is maximum; Second group of coil is called secondary coil, and the coil turn of winding is for several times many; The 3rd group of line is called calibration coil, and the number of turn of winding is minimum.Main coil be connected binding post 14 and connect, the first binding post 14 is connected front circuit terminal 18 and is connected with metering circuit, the rear circuit terminal 19 of metering circuit directly connects signals and exports 1, becomes the speed output of sensor; Secondary coil directly links to each other with the second binding post 15, and the second binding post 15 directly connects signal and exports 2 13, becomes the acceleration output of sensor, thereby has realized single-sensor simultaneously acceleration measurement and speed.Calibration coil connects with the 3rd binding post 16, for the production of the parameter measurement in the process.

Measuring principle of the present utility model is as follows: by at main coil suitable electric capacity in parallel, consist of the passive servo backfeed loop, under the feedback force effect, the speed output terminal is speed pendulum velograph characteristic, has realized velocity survey; Secondary coil directly connects signal and exports 2 13, and formation speed pendulum accelerometer has been realized acceleration analysis.

The transport function expression formula of pendulum mass is:

$H\left(s\right)=\frac{x}{X}=\frac{{\mathrm{ms}}^2(\mathrm{sCR}+1)}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="mCRs"\; filenames="HDA00001923931700011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">mCRs</figure-callout>}}^3+(m+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="G"\; filenames="HDA00001923931700021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}}_1}^{2}C){\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="s"\; filenames="HDA00001923931700011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}^2+\mathrm{kCRs}+k}---\left(1\right)$

The transport function expression formula of velocity survey is:

$H\left(s\right)=\frac{e_v}{\mathrm{sX}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="G"\; filenames="HDA00001923931700021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}}_1{\mathrm{ms}}^2}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m\; CRs"\; filenames="HDA00001923931700011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}{\mathrm{CRs}}^{}{}^3+(m+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="G"\; filenames="HDA00001923931700021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}}_1}^{2}C)s^2+\mathrm{kCRs}+k}---\left(2\right)$

The transport function expression formula of acceleration analysis is:

$H\left(s\right)=\frac{e_a}{s^{2}X}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="G"\; filenames="HDA00001923931700011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}}_2\mathrm{ms}(\mathrm{sCR}+1)}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="mCRs"\; filenames="HDA00001923931700011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">mCRs</figure-callout>}}^3+(m+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="G"\; filenames="HDA00001923931700021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}}_1}^{2}C){\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="s"\; filenames="HDA00001923931700011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}^2+\mathrm{kCRs}+k}---\left(3\right)$

The meaning of each parameter is as follows in above-mentioned three expression formulas (1), formula (2), formula (3):

X---pendulum mass motion parts (being coil 6 and coil former 5) is with respect to the displacement of shell;

X---by the absolute displacement of geodesic structure;

M---the quality of pendulum mass motion parts;

C---the capacitance in the metering circuit;

R---main coil internal resistance;

G ₁---the main coil electromechanical coupling factor;

G ₂---the secondary coil electromechanical coupling factor;

K---the pendulum mass reed rigidity of being hit by a bullet;

e _v---sensor speed output voltage;

e _a---sensor acceleration output voltage;

S---Laplace operator.

In the present embodiment, permanent magnet uses the Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet material, and by the appropriate design magnetic structure, the magnetic field intensity at place, magnetic slit is 0.3T-0.5T, the natural frequency of vibration of pendulum mass

The natural frequency of vibration with this understanding, is selected the electric capacity about 30 μ F about 4.5Hz, can make sensor reach following index, and the sensor velocity sensitivity is 0.7V/m/s, and acceleration sensitivity is 0.3V/m/s ²The speed range can reach 0.6m/s, the acceleration range reaches the 2g(5Hz place), sensor can be realized measuring in acceleration and the speed in passband is the scope of 0.1-100Hz, by the parameter that changes winding around, the size that changes capacitance, can adjust easily the parameters such as passband, sensitivity of sensor.

Claims (1)

1. One kind simultaneously the low frequency of acceleration measurement and speed export the passive servo vibration transducer more, it is characterized in that: pedestal, upper cover and loam cake connect to form hollow shell successively; Be installed with permanent magnet on the pedestal, be installed with soft iron on the permanent magnet, the soft iron periphery is installed with armature, is provided with coil former in the gap between soft iron and the armature, and coil former is connected with armature with spring leaf; Coil former is provided with the first binding post, the second binding post, the 3rd binding post; Be wound with main coil, secondary coil, calibration coil that coil turn reduces successively on the coil former, main coil, secondary coil, calibration coil are connected with the first binding post, the second binding post, the 3rd binding post respectively; Circuit board is provided with front circuit terminal and rear circuit terminal, is parallel with electric capacity between front circuit terminal and the rear circuit terminal; The first binding post is connected with front circuit terminal, and rear circuit terminal is exported one and is connected with being located at the signal that covers, the second binding post be located at the signal that covers and export two and be connected; Signal output one and signal output two have formed output interface jointly.

Images