CN109471160B - Moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting speed and acceleration - Google Patents
Moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting speed and acceleration Download PDFInfo
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- CN109471160B CN109471160B CN201811443779.9A CN201811443779A CN109471160B CN 109471160 B CN109471160 B CN 109471160B CN 201811443779 A CN201811443779 A CN 201811443779A CN 109471160 B CN109471160 B CN 109471160B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
- G01V1/181—Geophones
- G01V1/182—Geophones with moving coil
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Abstract
The invention discloses a moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting speed and acceleration. The invention relates to a moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting speed and acceleration, which is based on the traditional moving coil detector structure.A moving part of a moving coil is provided with two large flat plate electrodes up and down as moving capacitors, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the inner side of a shell are respectively provided with one flat plate electrode as a fixed polar plate, so that the upper surface and the lower surface of the moving coil respectively form a capacitor to form a capacitive accelerometer structure; two capacitor plates are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the moving coil to be used as moving plates, and a capacitor plate is also arranged at the corresponding position of the inner wall of the shell to have the beneficial effects that: the double-parameter acquisition and reception of the speed and the acceleration of the same receiving point can be realized, weak signals can be detected, the propagation characteristics of seismic waves can be studied more finely, and the exploration precision is improved; the system has simple structure and high sensitivity. The fixed pole plate is used for forming two capacitors on the side surface of the moving coil; and connecting the upper capacitor and the lower capacitor into a subsequent detection circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of detection, in particular to a moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting speed and acceleration.
Background
The geophone is a special sensor for seismic exploration, has the function of converting mechanical vibration of seismic waves into electric signals, and is widely applied to geophysical exploration, prediction analysis research of natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis and the like, frontier defense monitoring, safety monitoring of railways, bridges, tunnels, large buildings and the like, archaeological research and the like. Deep seismic exploration is influenced by factors such as large buried depth of underground mineral deposit, complex and variable structural form and the like, so that various echoes received by the earth surface have the characteristics of weak signals, wide frequency band, rich frequency components and the like, the required geophone is required to have indexes such as high resolution, wide frequency band, large dynamic range and the like in performance, and low power consumption, microminiaturization, portability, high intelligence, high and low temperature resistance, radiation resistance and the like in environmental adaptability are realized. As the first step of receiving and recording seismic signals by a seismic instrument, the detector has high sensitivity, enough frequency band and large dynamic range, otherwise, the seismic instrument is fine and cannot obtain high-quality seismic data. The method has the advantages that the geophones are arranged in a large range, underground weak seismic signals are observed for a long time, ground noise is suppressed by a unique seismic data processing method, and the signal to noise ratio is improved, so that the deep earth structure information is accurately reproduced.
At present, detectors used in exploration markets are various in types, and are classified according to working principles, and mainly classified into moving coil type, piezoelectric ceramic type, micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) type, optical fiber sensor and the like.
The most common application in land seismic exploration is the moving coil geophone. The moving-coil detector consists of a casing, a magnet and a moving coil suspended between the casing and the magnet, and the volume of the detector is generally larger due to the working principle of the moving-coil detector. The moving-coil detector has been widely used in the field of seismic exploration, and this type of product adopts the principle that an inertial body cuts a magnetic induction line in a strong magnetic field provided by a permanent magnet, and when the earth vibrates, induced electromotive force is generated, and the output voltage of the detector is in direct proportion to the relative movement speed of the coil to the magnet, so the moving-coil detector is also called a velocity detector. The geophone has the characteristics of self power supply, simple structure, stable performance and low cost, is the exploration seismic detection which is most widely applied in China at present, and the natural frequency of the geophone used for seismic exploration is mostly above 10Hz at present.
The traditional technology has the following technical problems:
conventional detectors only detect velocity measurements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting the speed and the acceleration, which can realize the double-parameter acquisition and reception of the speed and the acceleration of the same receiving point, can enable the subsequent data processing and analysis to be carried out in two different physical quantity fields of the speed and the acceleration, which describe the displacement of the same receiving point, and carry out analysis and comparison, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and detecting weak signals, and having important significance for more finely researching the propagation characteristic of seismic waves and improving the exploration precision.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting speed and acceleration, based on the traditional moving coil detector structure, two large flat plate electrodes are arranged on the upper part and the lower part of a moving coil to be used as moving capacitors, and a flat plate electrode is respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the inner side of a shell to be used as a fixed polar plate, so that a capacitor is respectively formed on the upper part and the lower part of the moving coil to form a structure of a capacitive accelerometer; two capacitor plates are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the moving coil to serve as moving electrode plates, and capacitor flat plates are arranged on the corresponding inner wall of the shell to serve as fixed electrode plates, so that two capacitors are formed on the side surfaces of the moving coil.
In one embodiment, the upper capacitor and the lower capacitor are connected to a subsequent detection circuit, when no external acceleration exists, the difference value of the capacitors is unchanged, when the acceleration occurs, the difference value of the capacitors is converted into a voltage value by using a transformer bridge circuit, the output voltage is in direct proportion to the acceleration, and the acceleration value can be obtained by measuring the output voltage.
In one embodiment, when the device is used, the upper capacitor pair, the lower capacitor pair, the left capacitor pair and the right capacitor pair are connected to a subsequent detection circuit, so that the acceleration in two directions perpendicular to each other is detected, and the acceleration and the speed are measured simultaneously.
In one embodiment, after detection, an algorithm is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio by removing electrical noise.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the double-parameter acquisition and reception of the speed and the acceleration of the same receiving point can be realized, weak signals can be detected, the propagation characteristics of seismic waves can be studied more finely, and the exploration precision is improved; the system has simple structure and high sensitivity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a moving-coil detector in the background art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting velocity and acceleration according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the subsequent circuitry for generating signals from the capacitive plates of the moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting velocity and acceleration in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transformer-type circuit in a moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting velocity and acceleration according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
A moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting speed and acceleration is based on a traditional moving coil detector structure, two large flat plate electrodes are arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of a moving part of a moving coil to serve as moving capacitors, and a flat plate electrode is arranged on each of the upper portion and the lower portion of the inner side of a shell to serve as a fixed polar plate, so that a capacitor is formed on each of the upper portion and the lower portion of the moving coil to form a capacitive accelerometer structure; two capacitor plates are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the moving coil to serve as moving electrode plates, and capacitor flat plates are arranged on the corresponding inner wall of the shell to serve as fixed electrode plates, so that two capacitors are formed on the side surfaces of the moving coil.
In one embodiment, the upper capacitor and the lower capacitor are connected to a subsequent detection circuit, when no external acceleration exists, the difference value of the capacitors is unchanged, when the acceleration occurs, the difference value of the capacitors is converted into a voltage value by using a transformer bridge circuit, the output voltage is in direct proportion to the acceleration, and the acceleration value can be obtained by measuring the output voltage.
In one embodiment, when the device is used, the upper capacitor pair, the lower capacitor pair, the left capacitor pair and the right capacitor pair are connected to a subsequent detection circuit, so that the acceleration in two directions perpendicular to each other is detected, and the acceleration and the speed are measured simultaneously.
In one embodiment, after detection, an algorithm is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio by removing electrical noise.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the double-parameter acquisition and reception of the speed and the acceleration of the same receiving point can be realized, weak signals can be detected, the propagation characteristics of seismic waves can be studied more finely, and the exploration precision is improved; the system has simple structure and high sensitivity.
Fig. 1 shows a conventional moving coil detector structure, which detects only an induced voltage generated by an induction coil. The invention provides a novel invention patent based on the traditional structure.
Two large plate electrodes are arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the moving coil to be used as moving capacitors, and one plate electrode is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the inner side of the shell to be used as a fixed polar plate, so that a capacitor is formed on the upper part and the lower part of the moving coil to form the structure of the capacitive accelerometer. The thus moved portion can detect not only the voltage change of the coil but also the change of the capacitance. Similarly, two capacitor plates are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the moving coil to be used as moving plates, a capacitor plate is also arranged at the position of the corresponding inner wall of the shell to be used as a fixed plate, so that two capacitors are formed on the side surfaces of the moving coil to form a structure shown in figure 2 (the middle part is the moving coil, the outer part is the electrode plate), an upper capacitor and a lower capacitor are connected into a subsequent detection circuit (figure 3), for example, capacitors C11 and C12 are connected into the subsequent detection circuit, when no external acceleration exists, the capacitance difference is unchanged, when acceleration is generated, a transformer bridge circuit (figure 4) is used for converting the capacitance difference into a voltage value, the output voltage is in direct proportion to the acceleration, and the acceleration value can be obtained by measuring the output voltage. And then, the acceleration and the speed are measured simultaneously by an algorithm for removing electrical noise and improving the signal to noise ratio.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (1)
1. A moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting speed and acceleration is based on a traditional moving coil detector structure and is characterized in that two large flat plate electrodes are arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of a moving part of a moving coil and used as moving capacitors, and a flat plate electrode is arranged on each of the upper portion and the lower portion of the inner side of a shell and used as a fixed polar plate, so that a capacitor is formed on each of the upper portion and the lower portion of the moving coil to form a capacitive accelerometer structure; two capacitor plates are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the moving coil to serve as moving electrode plates, and capacitor flat plates are arranged on the corresponding inner wall of the shell to serve as fixed electrode plates, so that two capacitors are formed on the side surfaces of the moving coil;
connecting the upper capacitor and the lower capacitor into a subsequent detection circuit, wherein when no external acceleration exists, the difference value of the capacitors is unchanged, when the acceleration occurs, the difference value of the capacitors is converted into a voltage value by using a transformer bridge circuit, the output voltage is in direct proportion to the acceleration, and the acceleration value can be obtained by measuring the output voltage;
when the device is used, the upper capacitor pair, the lower capacitor pair, the left capacitor pair and the right capacitor pair are connected into a subsequent detection circuit, so that the detection of the acceleration in two mutually perpendicular directions is realized, and the simultaneous measurement of the acceleration and the speed is completed;
after detection, algorithms are used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio by removing electrical noise.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811443779.9A CN109471160B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting speed and acceleration |
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| CN201811443779.9A CN109471160B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Moving coil detector for simultaneously detecting speed and acceleration |
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| CN109471160B true CN109471160B (en) | 2020-07-24 |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0277675A (en) * | 1987-12-11 | 1990-03-16 | Consiglio Nazi Ricerche | Method of using echo-graph and device for detecting structure and abnormality of underground section, sea bottom, etc. |
| CN2205963Y (en) * | 1994-07-30 | 1995-08-23 | 苏立 | Absolute amplitude sensor device |
| CN201063062Y (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2008-05-21 | 万季梅 | Digital seismograph for a plurality of transducer |
| CN201548698U (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-08-11 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | Geophone based on quartz flexible accelerometer |
| CN202713603U (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2013-01-30 | 何永斌 | Moving-coil loudspeaker with area-alterable capacitive vibration sensor |
| CN102901983A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-01-30 | 西安森舍电子科技有限责任公司 | Dual-output end composite geophone |
| CN106019362A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Moving coil type low-frequency expanded geophone |
-
2018
- 2018-11-29 CN CN201811443779.9A patent/CN109471160B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0277675A (en) * | 1987-12-11 | 1990-03-16 | Consiglio Nazi Ricerche | Method of using echo-graph and device for detecting structure and abnormality of underground section, sea bottom, etc. |
| CN2205963Y (en) * | 1994-07-30 | 1995-08-23 | 苏立 | Absolute amplitude sensor device |
| CN201063062Y (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2008-05-21 | 万季梅 | Digital seismograph for a plurality of transducer |
| CN201548698U (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-08-11 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | Geophone based on quartz flexible accelerometer |
| CN202713603U (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2013-01-30 | 何永斌 | Moving-coil loudspeaker with area-alterable capacitive vibration sensor |
| CN102901983A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-01-30 | 西安森舍电子科技有限责任公司 | Dual-output end composite geophone |
| CN106019362A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Moving coil type low-frequency expanded geophone |
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