CN202692917U - Measuring device for pitch cone angles of bevel gears - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the measuring technology for straight-tooth bevel gears, and discloses a measuring device for pitch cone angles of straight-tooth bevel gears. The measuring device comprises a check rod, a measuring platform, a dial test indicator, a sine protractor and an adjustable contour block, wherein the check rod is matched with a standard tooth socket of a straight-tooth bevel gear to be measured, the dial test indicator is arranged on the measuring platform, the sine protractor and the adjustable contour block are matched with each other to measure the angles, an apex frame used for clamping the straight-tooth bevel gear to be measured is arranged on an upper plane of the sine protractor, a connecting line of a left apex and a right apex of the apex frame is parallel to the upper plane of the sine protractor, a contact cone is arranged in the middle of the check rod, a first measuring cylinder and a second measuring cylinder are arranged at two ends of the contact cone, the diameter of the first measuring cylinder is identical to that of the second measuring cylinder, and the axis of the first measuring cylinder and the axis of the second measuring cylinder are coincided with the center line of the contact cone in an extension manner. The measuring device is small in size, low in manufacturing cost, convenient to use and high in measuring precision and efficiency, and can be used for measuring in a production field, and a measuring method is simple in operation.

Description

Bevel gear pitch circle cone angle measuring device

Technical field

The utility model relates to the bevel gear measuring technique, is specifically related to a kind of bevel gear pitch circle cone angle measuring device, i.e. a kind of measurement mechanism of spur bevel gear pitch angle.

Background technology

Bevel gear is widely used on the plant equipment such as lathe, automobile, mine, building.Spur bevel gear is the strength member on the grinding machine, and size and the gear-driven stationarity of the noise when its pitch angle whether accurate directly affects the gear engagement, intensity, flank of tooth contact area are important parameters that affects gear quality.Therefore, the spur bevel gear pitch angle is measured the whether accurate crudy that directly affects gear.But, only have pure rolling when the spur bevel gear pitch angle is a bevel gear with another bevel gear engagement and produce when fricton-tight contact coning angle, be a space angle, the direct measurement of its angle is being perplexed engineering technical personnel with detecting always.

At present, factory still adopts approximate way that the spur bevel gear pitch angle is measured, concrete gear mesh roller or the double gearing apparatus of using, the bevel gear that will match meshes rolling, if without mating gear, also needing to make the calibration gear could to rolling, judge the contact situation of pitch circle cone by observing contact (area) pattern, this method is difficult to the actual angle of Measurement accuracy spur bevel gear pitch angle, will directly affect the interchangeability of gear.Therefore, people are in the urgent need to the size of knowing the spur bevel gear pitch angle or to its detection aborning, thereby the quality inspection of the adjustment of lathe, gear and external coordination are checked and accepted when instructing bevel gear making.

Summary of the invention

For remedying defects, the technical problems to be solved in the utility model is measurement mechanism and the measuring method thereof that proposes a kind of spur bevel gear pitch angle, can calculate the spur bevel gear pitch angle by measuring, detect the crudy of spur bevel gear pitch angle, and the effective machining precision of verification spur bevel gear.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions.

Technical scheme one:

A kind of measurement mechanism of spur bevel gear pitch angle, comprise the check rod with the pairing of the standard teeth groove of spur bevel gear to be measured, measuring table, place the dial test indicator on the measuring table, sine gauge and with the adjustable contouren block of sine gauge conjunction measuring angle, the upper plane layout of described sine gauge is useful on the centrre rest of clamping spur bevel gear to be measured, the left side of described centrre rest, right top line is parallel to the upper plane of sine gauge, the centre of described check rod is the contact cone, the two ends of described contact cone be provided with diameter identical first, second measures right cylinder, described first, second measures cylindrical axis extends coincidence with the described center line that contacts cone.

The characteristics of technique scheme and further the improvement are:

(1) cone angle of the contact cone of described check rod

Outside diameter

Length The design parameter that wherein comprises spur bevel gear to be measured, φ are reference cone angle, α _fBe gear compound graduation circle pressure angle, z is the number of teeth, and m is modulus.

(2) the large end of described contact cone is provided with the axial location shaft shoulder.

(3) be provided with annular recess between the small end of described contact cone and the large end.

(4) described contact cone length is greater than the width of the flank of tooth of spur bevel gear to be measured.

(5) on the described centrre rest at least one top be half top.

(6) described adjustable contouren block can adopt the gauge block combination to replace.

Technical scheme two:

A kind of measuring method of spur bevel gear pitch angle, the measurement mechanism based on above-mentioned spur bevel gear pitch angle is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: at first, dial test indicator, sine gauge are placed on the measuring table; Secondly, straight-tooth circular cone tooth to be measured is fixed on the centrre rest, by industrial plasticine check rod is fixed in the teeth groove of straight-tooth circular cone tooth to be measured, utilize adjustable contouren block to prop sine gauge desired height on one side, form the given theoretical pitch angle value of drawing; Then, utilize lever-type micrometer to measure respectively first, second and measure cylinder height, if difference in height is zero, illustrate that then the pitch angle of tested spur bevel gear equates with the measuring table angle that sine gauge and isometry block form, and proves that the pitch angle of tested gear equates with theoretical pitch angle.If difference in height is non-vanishing, then calculate the deviation of trying to achieve actual pitch angle and theoretical pitch angle by trigonometric function.

The equivalent processes of technical scheme two is based on the measurement mechanism of above-mentioned spur bevel gear pitch angle, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: at first, dial test indicator, sine gauge are placed on the measuring table; Secondly, straight-tooth circular cone tooth to be measured is fixed on the centrre rest, by plasticine check rod is fixed in the teeth groove of straight-tooth circular cone tooth to be measured, one side utilize adjustable contouren block to prop first, second measurement right cylinder basic horizontal that makes check rod of sine gauge; Then, fine setting adjustable contouren block and utilize dial test indicator measurements to make first, second measurement right cylinder equal altitudes; At this moment, sine gauge is the actual pitch angle of the corresponding teeth groove of spur bevel gear to be measured with the angle of measuring table.

In the measurement mechanism of the utility model spur bevel gear, be provided with centrre rest at sine gauge, spur bevel gear to be measured with about two top being fixed on the centrre rest, check rod is fixed on industrial plasticine in the teeth groove of spur bevel gear to be measured, and the axial location shaft shoulder that the large end of check rod arranges is as on the conical surface of locating surface near the outer auxiliary circular cone of the large end of spur bevel gear; Then, utilize adjustable contouren block to prop sine gauge constitution theory pitch angle on one side; At last, utilize lever-type micrometer to measure respectively first, second and measure cylinder height, if difference in height is zero, illustrate that then the pitch angle of tested spur bevel gear equates with the measuring table angle that sine gauge and isometry block form, and proves that the pitch angle of tested gear equates with theoretical pitch angle; If difference in height is non-vanishing, then calculate the deviation of trying to achieve actual pitch angle and theoretical pitch angle by trigonometric function.

Measurement mechanism volume of the present utility model is little, and low cost of manufacture is easy to use; Measuring method is simple to operate, and measuring accuracy is high, efficient is high, can realize the measurement in the production scene.Significance of the present utility model is, calculates the spur bevel gear pitch angle by measuring, and can detect the crudy of spur bevel gear pitch angle, the machining precision of effective verification spur bevel gear, the level of processing of raising spur bevel gear.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is the measurement mechanism structural representation of spur bevel gear pitch angle among the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the spur bevel gear cross-sectional schematic;

Fig. 3 is the large end cut-open view of check rod and spur bevel gear to be measured among the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 4 be among the utility model embodiment Fig. 3 along the perspective view of I-I direction;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of check rod among the utility model embodiment;

Wherein, 1-centrre rest; The 2-dial test indicator; The 3-check rod; The 4-spur bevel gear; The 5-sine gauge; The 6-adjustable contouren block; 7-half is top; The 8-trip bolt; The 9-measuring table; Φ _d-point circle cone angle; Φ-reference cone angle; Φ _g-root angle; Φ ₁-addendum angle; Φ ₂-dedendum angle; The b-face width of tooth; The outer auxiliary circle cone of H-; S _n-circular tooth thickness; The S-axial location shaft shoulder; B-contacts cone; P ₁-the first measures right cylinder; P ₂-the second measures right cylinder.

Embodiment

With reference to Fig. 1 and in conjunction with Fig. 5, the measurement mechanism concrete structure of the utility model spur bevel gear is described.The measurement mechanism of the spur bevel gear pitch angle of the present embodiment, mainly comprise the check rod 3 with the pairing of the standard teeth groove of spur bevel gear to be measured, measuring table 9, place dial test indicator 2 on the measuring table 9, sine gauge 5 and with the adjustable contouren block 6 of sine gauge 5 conjunction measuring angles, the upper plane layout of sine gauge 5 is useful on the centrre rest 1 of clamping spur bevel gear to be measured, requires the left and right top line of centrre rest to be parallel to the upper plane of sine gauge.

Centrre rest 1 sine gauge 5 arranges is fixed on spur bevel gear 4 usefulness left and right top 7 to be measured on the centrre rest 1, and it is partly top that herein left top is set to, and trip bolt 8 will be for top locking.The industrial plasticine of check rod 3 usefulness is fixed in the teeth groove of spur bevel gear 4 to be measured, and the locating surface of the check rod 3 large end axial location shaft shoulders will abut against on the conical surface of the outer auxiliary circle cone of the large end of conical gear; One end of sine gauge 5 is propped with adjustable contouren block 6, and this adjustable contouren block 6 available standards gauge blocks combination replaces.

The centre of check rod 3 is contact cone B, and the two ends of contact cone B are provided with identical first, second measurement right cylinder P ₁, P ₂, first, second measures right cylinder P ₁, P ₂Axis and the center line that contacts cone B extend to overlap.The large end of contact cone B is provided with the axial location shaft shoulder of annular, and the medial surface of the axial location shaft shoulder is as the conical surface of locating surface near the outer auxiliary circle cone of straight-tooth spur bevel gear 4 large ends H; Wherein, contact cone B length is provided with annular recess greater than the face width of tooth of spur bevel gear 4 to be measured between the small end of contact cone B and the large end, and this annular recess length is decided to be 1/4 of overall length, and the height of this annular recess is S ₁

During measurement, at first dial test indicator 2, sine gauge 5 are placed on the measuring table 9; Secondly, spur bevel gear 4 to be measured is fixed on the centrre rest 1, check rod 3 is fixed in the teeth groove of spur bevel gear 4 to be measured by industrial plasticine, utilize adjustable contouren block 6 to prop sine gauge 5 desired height on one side, form the given theoretical pitch angle value of drawing, then, utilize lever-type micrometer to measure respectively first, second measures cylinder height, if difference in height is zero, the pitch angle that tested spur bevel gear then is described equates with the measuring table angle that sine gauge and isometry block form, and proves that the pitch angle of tested gear equates with theoretical pitch angle.If difference in height is non-vanishing, then calculate the deviation of trying to achieve actual pitch angle and theoretical pitch angle by trigonometric function.

With reference to Fig. 2 and in conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, design and the measuring principle of check rod is described.Φ among the figure _dBe the point circle cone angle, Φ is reference cone angle, Φ _gBe root angle, Φ ₁Be addendum angle, Φ ₂Be dedendum angle, b is the face width of tooth, and H is outer auxiliary circle cone, S _nBe circular tooth thickness, pe is that addendum line, fg are that dedendum line, eg are that large end tooth is high, and pf is the small end tooth depth, O ₁O ₂Be calibration circular cone cone angle line, concerning the normal conical gear of non-displacement, the pitch circle cone coincides together with the calibration circular cone, therefore, and O ₁O ₂Also be pitch circle cone cone angle line, b then is the face width of tooth.

The technical solutions of the utility model matter of utmost importance is the check rod 3 that designs and produces out with the pairing of the standard teeth groove of spur bevel gear to be measured, its principle of design is: put into the teeth groove of spur bevel gear when check rod 3, two point of contact A, C that contact bus and gear should drop on the calibration circular cone line of the flank of tooth on the check rod 3.

This shows, the design of check rod 3 each parameter size is with definite particularly important, and the below 5 specifically introduces lower designs such as each parameter by reference to the accompanying drawings by accompanying drawing 3: the outside diameter d of contact cone; The length t of contact cone; The cone angle of cone; The cylindrical diameter d of the measurement of check rod ₁Diameter d with the axial location shaft shoulder ₂Determining of check rod 3 total lengths and other parameter.

(1) design of the outside diameter d of contact cone:

The distance of the outside diameter d of contact cone and gear compound graduation circle upper two point of contact A, C

Reference circle upward pressure angular direction line ON and reference circle velocity reversal line O ' T, the gear compound graduation circle pressure angle α of formation _f=20 °, in the triangle OAO ' of Fig. 3: m is the modulus of gear, α _fBe gear compound graduation circle pressure angle, ∠ OAO '=α 1=20 °,

Therefore,

Extrapolate $d=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA00001860612000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}{{2\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}}_f}.$

(2) design of contact cone length t:

The contact cone length t of check rod designs by face width of tooth b, but should be greater than more than the face width of tooth 2mm, and this is to be convenient to check rod is put into teeth groove, that is: t=b+2(t is the length of the contact cone B of check rod), known

In the formula, m is the modulus of gear, and L is the spur bevel gear pitch cone radius, and z is the number of teeth of spur bevel gear, and φ is reference cone angle, so

$t=\frac{0.35\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="mz"\; filenames="HDA00001860612000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">mz</figure-callout>}}{2\sin \mathrm{\&phi;}}+2.$

(3) design of the contact cone cone angle of check rod:

As shown in Figure 2, the contact cone cone angle of check rod 3 is addendum angle φ ₁2 times, that is:

$\mathrm{\&alpha;}={2\mathrm{\&phi;}}_1={2\mathrm{tg}}^{-1}\frac{m}{L}=\frac{\frac{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m\; mz"\; filenames="HDA00001860612000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{mz}}}{2\sin \mathrm{\&phi;}}=\frac{4\sin \mathrm{\&phi;}}{z}$

(4) the measurement cylinder diameter d of check rod ₁With axial location shaft shoulder diameter d ₂Design:

The measurement cylinder diameter d of check rod 3 ₁, location shaft shoulder diameter d ₂Made by oneself by the deviser, generally get d ₁=0.8d, the axial location shaft shoulder is got d ₂=2d is in order to set up reliable axial location benchmark.

(5) determining of check rod total length and other parameter:

Check rod total length t ₁Made by oneself by the deviser, generally get t ₁=2t, first measures right cylinder P ₁Length is 0.3t, mainly considers when measuring not interfere with top the second measurement right cylinder P ₂Length is 0.6t; The contact cone has annular recess, and this annular recess length is got 0.4t, and contact cone B remainder length is got 2 * 0.3t=0.6t.Contact cone B design annular recess can reduce contact cone-shaped bit error to the impact of measuring accuracy, has also avoided the impact of profile of tooth morpheme error on measuring accuracy simultaneously.

The below introduces the precision of the utility model check rod 3 and on the impact of measuring error.The principal element that check rod 3 affects measuring accuracy has two:

The firstth, measure body diameter d ₁Require the tolerance of its two ends diameter the smaller the better, given dimensional tolerence is ± 0.002mm, if by one end+0.002mm, one end-0.002mm limiting case considers, to reference cone angle produce maximum error of measuring can by

Try to achieve, in the formula, the bevel gear of modulus m=2mm, z=20, Φ=45 ° is that example is calculated ΔΦ,

With t ₁=24mm substitution : ΔΦ ≈ ± 34 ".

The secondth, the cone angle of contact cone should equal addendum angle Φ ₁2 times, it also is the smaller the better requiring error, the processing when this depends on the grinding cone angle and measuring accuracy, but mainly be measuring accuracy must be measured with sine gauge 5.Work as t ₁When equaling 24mm, be that the measuring error of the narrow type sine gauge 5 of 200mm is for ± 8 with specification ".

Be approximately after top two errors are synthetic

By above calculating as can be known these two errors be very little, its impact can be ignored, this is the analytical calculation with modulus m=2, the larger t of modulus ₁Larger, precision can be higher.Therefore, the utility model measurement mechanism precision can be higher.

The measuring method of spur bevel gear pitch angle of the present utility model, the measurement mechanism based on above-mentioned spur bevel gear pitch angle specifically may further comprise the steps:

At first, dial test indicator 2, sine gauge 5 are placed on the measuring table 9;

Secondly, spur bevel gear 4 to be measured is fixed on the centrre rest 1, by industrial plasticine check rod 3 is fixed in the teeth groove of straight-tooth circular cone tooth 4 to be measured, the one side that utilizes adjustable contouren block 6 to prop sine gauge 5 forms the given point of theory of drawing with flat board;

At last, the dial test indicator 2 on the traverse measurement platform 9, rotating bevel gear 4 makes first of its side head and check rod 3 measure right cylinder P simultaneously ₁Contact, the position of the revolution turning point of observation pointer is measured cylindrical peak exactly, and shift lever clock gauge 2 and second is measured right cylinder P at this moment ₂If contact measurement is same P ₁Contour, illustrate that tested pitch angle equates with point of theory.If P ₂Be higher than P ₁, tested pitch angle is described greater than theoretical value, if P ₂Be lower than P ₁, illustrate that tested pitch angle is less than theoretical value.As for the large I of deviation by corresponding trigonometric function computing formula, obtain actual pitch angle and with the difference of theoretical pitch angle.

The actual pitch angle of spur bevel gear to be measured of the utility model actual measurement gained and the desirable pitch angle of design are compared, and effectively the machining precision of verification spur bevel gear is obtained high-quality spur bevel gear.

The utility model also has numerous embodiments, in every case in the spirit and essential scope of utility model, any change of doing, is equal to and replaces and improve, all within the protection domain of utility model.

Claims (7)

1. the measurement mechanism of a spur bevel gear pitch angle, comprise the check rod with the pairing of the standard teeth groove of spur bevel gear to be measured, measuring table, place the dial test indicator on the measuring table, sine gauge and with the adjustable contouren block of sine gauge conjunction measuring angle, the upper plane layout of described sine gauge is useful on the centrre rest of clamping spur bevel gear to be measured, the left side of described centrre rest, right top line is parallel to the upper plane of sine gauge, the centre of described check rod is the contact cone, the two ends of described contact cone be provided with diameter identical first, second measures right cylinder, described first, second measures cylindrical axis extends coincidence with the described center line that contacts cone.

2. the measurement mechanism of spur bevel gear pitch angle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the cone angle of the contact cone of described check rod Outside diameter

Length

The design parameter that wherein comprises spur bevel gear to be measured, φ are reference cone angle, α _fBe gear compound graduation circle pressure angle, z is the number of teeth, and m is modulus.

3. the measurement mechanism of spur bevel gear pitch angle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the large end of described contact cone is provided with the axial location shaft shoulder.

4. the measurement mechanism of spur bevel gear pitch angle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with annular recess between the small end of described contact cone and the large end.

5. the measurement mechanism of spur bevel gear pitch angle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described contact cone length is greater than the width of the flank of tooth of spur bevel gear to be measured.

6. the measurement mechanism of spur bevel gear pitch angle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, on the described centrre rest at least one top be half top.

7. the measurement mechanism of spur bevel gear pitch angle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described adjustable contouren block can adopt the gauge block combination to replace.

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