CN202670086U - New energy electric boat - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an electric ship of new forms of energy, includes new forms of energy power generation unit (10), electric energy memory cell (20), charging unit (30), electric propulsion device (40) and power consumption load, main control unit (50), its characterized in that, electric propulsion device (40) and power consumption load are direct current load, the electricity that new forms of energy power generation unit (10) was sent is stored in electric energy memory cell (20) through charging unit (30), this electric energy memory cell (20) with electric propulsion device (40) and power consumption load are connected, directly carry the direct current electric propulsion device (40) and power consumption load, for it provides working power supply. The utility model discloses can effectively reduce energy resource consumption, improve energy utilization to can effectively improve continuation of the journey mileage and pollution-free, the noise is low.

Description

New energy electric boat

technical field

The utility model relates to an electric-driven ship, in particular to a new energy electric ship powered by electric energy generated by renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, and tidal energy.

Background technique

Ships are one of the most important means of transportation. As we all know, traditional ships are mainly driven by heat engines, such as diesel engines, steam turbines, and gas turbines. The following significant defects:

1. The discharge of waste gas and waste water is more, and the environmental pollution is more serious.

2. The noise pollution is very serious, and the comfort of the riding environment is relatively low.

3. The consumption of energy is large, and the operating economy is poor. Especially in recent years, due to the rapid rise of fuel oil prices, ship operators are under greater pressure on operating costs.

In the face of stricter emission requirements, as well as improving the economic benefits of ship operations and meeting the special requirements of special ships, people seek to solve the above problems by changing the energy source and propulsion mode of the ship, and the electric propulsion method is an effective way .

For this reason, people have developed some electric ships, some of which try to utilize new energy sources. The structure of this type of electric ship is basically similar. It generates electric energy through solar panels, wind generators, etc., stores the energy in the battery, and converts the direct current stored in the battery into alternating current through the DC/AC inverter. Electric propulsion devices such as paddles, rudders and drive motors, and AC loads such as lighting and air conditioning on board provide AC power. However. Although this type of electric ship adopts new energy technologies such as wind energy and solar energy, because its battery outputs direct current, it must undergo DC/AC conversion to supply power to marine propulsion devices and AC loads, and there must be energy loss during the energy conversion process. , so that the electric energy of the battery is not fully utilized, resulting in a short cruising range, which is not conducive to popularization. Also, due to the frequent start and stop of the ship, the power supply power of the marine propulsion device changes greatly when starting up. From the perspective of the working characteristics of the battery, the changing high current impact will seriously affect the life of the battery, making the battery replacement frequent, resulting in increased maintenance costs. As far as battery technology is concerned, the voltage of a single battery is generally very low (a few volts), while the voltage of a marine power supply system can be as high as several hundred volts, requiring multiple batteries to be used in series. Due to the inconsistency of the internal resistance and other parameters of each battery, after multiple charges and discharges, the voltage and other parameters of each battery will be inconsistent, and the battery voltage directly corresponds to the battery capacity. The difference in battery voltage means that the capacity of the battery cannot be obtained. Fully utilized, resulting in insufficient capacity of the entire battery, shortened cruising range, and long-term low-voltage operation of the battery will also affect the life of the battery. In addition, if a new type of lithium-ion battery is used, the temperature and voltage parameters of each battery need to be sampled. If the voltage is too low, it will easily lead to battery failure. If the voltage or temperature is too high, it will cause danger such as explosion and fire. Therefore, it needs to be monitored and managed to ensure the safety and reliability of the battery energy storage unit and prolong the service life of the battery.

On the other hand, for electric ships using AC transmission, since the motor power of the propulsion system is generally large, when starting and stopping and changing the driving power of the motor, the harmonic pollution of the AC power of the entire ship is serious. In addition, most of the electric boat loads are inductive load motors, so the AC power factor is very low, the AC transmission efficiency is low, and the reactive power loss is serious. In addition, the power quality of other AC loads on the ship is also poor.

Contents of the invention

The utility model aims to solve the above problems, and provides a direct current output by the electric energy storage unit without direct current to alternating current conversion, which can effectively reduce energy consumption, improve energy utilization rate, and effectively increase the cruising range without pollution and noise. Low new energy electric boat.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a new energy electric boat, which includes a new energy power generation unit, an electric energy storage unit connected with the new energy power generation unit, a charging unit connected with the electric energy storage unit, and an electric propulsion device and an electric load, a main control unit connected with a new energy power generation unit, an electric energy storage unit, a charging unit and an electric propulsion device, wherein the electric loads of the electric propulsion device are all DC loads, and the new energy power generation unit The generated electricity is stored in the electric energy storage unit through the charging unit, and the electric energy storage unit is connected with the electric propulsion device and the electric load, and directly transmits direct current to the electric propulsion device and the electric load to provide them with working power .

The new energy power generation unit is one or a combination of solar power generation units, wind power generation units, tidal power generation units, and fuel cell power generation units.

The solar power generation unit includes one or a combination of common solar power generation devices, thin-film solar power generation devices, and concentrated solar power generation devices.

The wind power generation unit includes one or a combination of DC permanent magnet wind generators and switched reluctance wind generators.

The electric energy storage unit is one or a combination of a lithium battery electric energy storage unit and a supercapacitor electric energy storage unit.

The charging unit includes a new energy charging unit and an onshore charging unit, wherein the new energy charging unit is connected to the solar power generation unit, the wind power generation unit, the electric energy storage unit and the main control unit, and the shore charging unit is connected to the electric energy storage unit.

The electric propulsion device includes a motor drive unit, a transmission unit and a paddle unit, and the electric load includes lighting devices and household appliances.

The main control unit includes a control module, a human-computer interaction module and a signal acquisition module connected thereto. The signal acquisition module is also connected to a new energy generation unit, an electric energy storage unit, a charging unit, an electric propulsion device, and an electric load.

The contribution of the utility model lies in that it effectively solves the problems of low power transmission and power consumption efficiency, high energy loss, short cruising range and the like existing in existing electric ships. The utility model directly connects the supply end of the electric energy with the electric propulsion device and the electric load of the ship, and removes the DC/AC conversion device in the middle, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of electric power transmission and electric use, reducing energy consumption, thereby increasing The endurance of the electric boat. In addition, due to the use of direct current, its power factor is 1, and there is no problem of power factor and harmonics in alternating current, so there is no need to add a power factor corrector due to low power factor. Also, because there is no DC/AC conversion device in the power equipment of the utility model, and the capacity of the propulsion motor of the electric ship with DC transmission can be lower than that of the electric ship with AC transmission, it can effectively save costs. The new energy electric ship of the utility model can not only save energy and improve energy efficiency, but also has environmental protection, no pollution and low noise.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a structural block diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present utility model.

Detailed ways

The following examples are further explanations and illustrations of the utility model, which do not constitute any limitation to the utility model.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the new energy electric ship of the present invention includes a new energy power generation unit 10 , an electric energy storage unit 20 , a charging unit 30 , an electric propulsion device 40 and a main control unit 50 . The new energy power generation unit 10 is one or a combination of solar power generation units, wind power generation units, tidal power generation units, and fuel cell power generation units. The electric energy storage unit 20 is one or a combination of a lithium battery electric energy storage unit and a supercapacitor electric energy storage unit. The electric energy storage unit can be managed by the corresponding electric energy storage management device, and the management device can be configured according to the different electric energy storage units, which can be the well-known battery management system (BMS), supercapacitor management system (CMS), or battery supercapacitor Hybrid Management System (EMS). The charging unit 30 includes a new energy charging unit 31 and an onshore charging unit 32 . The electric propulsion device 40 includes a motor drive unit, a transmission unit and a paddle unit. The main control unit 50 includes a control module and a human-computer interaction module and a signal acquisition module connected thereto.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, the new energy power generation unit 10 is a combination of a solar power generation unit 11 and a wind power generation unit 12, which together provide electric energy for a new energy electric ship, wherein the solar power generation unit 11 can be a common One or a combination of solar power generation devices, thin-film solar power generation devices, and concentrating solar power generation devices. In this embodiment, the solar power generation unit 11 is an ordinary crystalline silicon solar power generation device. The wind power generation unit 12 is one or a combination of a DC permanent magnet wind generator and a switched reluctance wind generator. In this embodiment, the wind power generation unit 12 adopts a DC permanent magnet wind generator. Due to the intermittent and unsustainable nature of wind and solar energy, combining them can complement each other. As shown in FIG. 2 , the solar power generation unit 11 and the wind power generation unit 12 are connected to the charging unit 30 and the main control unit 50 respectively.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the electric energy storage unit 20 is a lithium battery, which can be a commercially available product. Lithium batteries have outstanding advantages such as high energy density ratio and many effective charge and discharge times. While reducing the weight of the energy storage unit, it also increases the service life of the battery. When the wind energy and solar energy are insufficient, the electric energy stored in the electric energy storage unit 20 can provide energy for the electric boat. As shown in FIG. 2 , the electric energy storage unit 20 is respectively connected with the charging unit 30 , the electric propulsion device 40 , the electric load, and the main control unit 50 . The electricity generated by the new energy generating unit 10 is stored in the electric energy storage unit 20 via the charging unit 30, and directly transmits DC power to the electric propulsion device 40 and the electric load to provide them with working power. The DC power transmission of the electric energy storage unit 20 may adopt known DC power transmission technology. The electric energy storage unit 20 is provided with an electric energy storage management device. In this embodiment, the electric energy storage management device is a lithium battery management device 21 , and the lithium battery management device 21 adopts a common battery management device (BMS).

As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, the new energy charging unit 31 is a charging unit combined with solar power generation and wind power generation, and it can adopt an applicable universal charger, which is provided with a charging and output interface, and the new energy charging unit 31 is connected to the charging unit respectively. The solar power generation unit 11 , the wind power generation unit 12 , the electric energy storage unit 20 and the main control unit 50 are connected to store the electricity generated by the solar power generation unit 11 and the wind power generation unit 12 in the electric energy storage unit 20 . The shore charging unit 32 is connected to the electric energy storage unit 20 through the external charging interface of the electric boat, in case the lithium battery energy of the electric energy storage unit is insufficient, the shore charging supply is provided.

In Fig. 2, the electric propulsion device 40 includes a motor drive unit, a transmission unit and a paddle unit, wherein the motor of the motor drive unit is a DC motor, and the transmission unit and the paddle unit are general electric boat transmission mechanisms and paddle mechanisms. The electrical loads include household appliances such as lighting devices, air conditioners, refrigerators, and televisions, all of which are DC loads provided with DC operating power by the electrical energy storage unit 20, which effectively changes the DC power of the electrical energy storage unit 20. , and then provided to the traditional way of AC load, which can effectively save power and reduce costs.

In FIG. 2 , the main control unit 50 includes a control module and a human-computer interaction module and a signal acquisition module connected thereto. The control module, human-computer interaction module and signal acquisition module can be any known electric marine modules. The signal acquisition module is also respectively connected with the new energy power generation unit 10, the electric energy storage unit 20, the charging unit 30, the electric propulsion device 40 and the electric load for collecting data of each unit. The main control unit 50 can realize the monitoring and control functions of each important unit of the electric boat, ensure the normal operation of each unit of the electric boat, and complete various fault detection and fault alarm functions.

Example 2

The basic structure of the new energy electric ship of the present utility model is the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference is that, as shown in Figure 3, the electric energy storage unit 20 is a combined electric energy storage unit composed of a battery energy storage device and a supercapacitor energy storage device. storage unit. The power of electric boat propulsion motors is generally large. Considering the characteristics of the motor, the starting current is generally several times the rated current, especially in the occasion of frequent start and stop, which has a great impact on the life of the battery. Supercapacitors have outstanding advantages such as strong resistance to high-current impact energy and long service life. The supercapacitor energy storage device is set in the electric energy storage unit, so that the large current at startup can be obtained more from the supercapacitor. When the energy of the supercapacitor is insufficient, it can be charged by the battery, prolonging the service life of the battery and reducing While reducing the maintenance cost, it also increases the driving performance of the electric boat. In this embodiment, the electric energy storage unit 20 is provided with a battery and supercapacitor hybrid management device 22 , which can adopt a general battery and supercapacitor hybrid management device (EMS).

Example 3

The basic structure of the new energy electric ship of the present utility model is the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference is that, as shown in Figure 4, the electric energy storage unit 20 is a supercapacitor energy storage device, which is used for short cruising range, shore charging and replenishment Convenient occasion. Because the supercapacitor allows a large charging current, it charges quickly, which simplifies the system structure and reduces system maintenance costs. In this embodiment, the electric energy storage unit 20 is provided with a supercapacitor management device 23 , which may adopt a general supercapacitor management device (CMS).

Although the utility model has been disclosed through the above embodiments, the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited thereto. Under the condition of not departing from the concept of the utility model, the deformation and replacement of the above components will fall into place. Into the scope of claims of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. A new energy electric ship, comprising a new energy power generation unit (10), an electric energy storage unit (20) connected to the new energy power generation unit, a charging unit (30) connected to the electric energy storage unit, and an electric propulsion device (40) and electric load, the main control unit (50) connected with the new energy power generation unit (10), the electric energy storage unit (20), the charging unit (30) and the electric propulsion device (40), is characterized in that the electric propulsion The device (40) and the electricity load are both DC loads, and the electricity generated by the new energy generating unit (10) is stored in the electric energy storage unit (20) through the charging unit (30), and the electric energy storage unit (20) is connected with the The electric propulsion device (40) is connected to the electric load, and directly transmits direct current to the electric propulsion device (40) and the electric load to provide them with working power. 2. The new energy electric ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, the new energy power generation unit (10) is one of solar power generation unit, wind power generation unit, tidal power generation unit, fuel cell power generation unit or Several combinations. 3. The new energy electric ship according to claim 2, wherein the solar power generation unit includes one or a combination of ordinary solar power generation devices, thin-film solar power generation devices, and concentrated solar power generation devices. 4. The new energy electric ship according to claim 2, wherein the wind power generation unit is one of a DC permanent magnet wind generator and a switched reluctance wind generator or a combination thereof. 5. The new energy electric ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, the electric energy storage unit (20) is one or a combination of a lithium battery electric energy storage unit and a supercapacitor electric energy storage unit. 6. The new energy electric boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the charging unit (30) includes a new energy charging unit (31) and a shore charging unit (32), wherein the new energy charging unit (31) They are respectively connected to the solar power generation unit, the wind power generation unit, the electric energy storage unit (20) and the main control unit (50), and the shore charging unit (32) is connected to the electric energy storage unit (20). 7. The new energy electric boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric propulsion device (40) includes a motor drive unit, a transmission unit and a paddle unit, and the electric load includes lighting devices and household appliances. 8. The new energy electric boat according to claim 1, characterized in that, the main control unit (50) includes a control module and a human-computer interaction module and a signal acquisition module connected thereto, and the signal acquisition module is also separately It is connected with the new energy generating unit (10), the electric energy storage unit (20), the charging unit (30), the electric propulsion device (40) and the electric load.

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