CN202652268U - ZigBee wireless sensor network-based low power consumption greenbelt moisture content monitoring network node - Google Patents
ZigBee wireless sensor network-based low power consumption greenbelt moisture content monitoring network node Download PDFInfo
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- CN202652268U CN202652268U CN201220163547XU CN201220163547U CN202652268U CN 202652268 U CN202652268 U CN 202652268U CN 201220163547X U CN201220163547X U CN 201220163547XU CN 201220163547 U CN201220163547 U CN 201220163547U CN 202652268 U CN202652268 U CN 202652268U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a ZigBee wireless sensor network-based low power consumption greenbelt moisture content monitoring network node, comprising a sensor base plate, a microprocessor module and a wireless transceiver module. The sensor base plate is used for connecting a sensor interfaces of a soil moisture sensor and a soil temperature sensor; the wireless transceiver module enables the node itself to join the ZigBee wireless sensor network and executes wireless data receiving and wireless data transmitting; the wireless transceiver module communicates with the microprocessor module through an asynchronous serial port module; and the sensor base plate is further provided with a hardware base plate module. According to the ZigBee wireless sensor network-based low power consumption greenbelt moisture content monitoring network node, the ZigBee wireless sensor network is used in the city greenbelt moisture content monitoring system, the sensors acquire the environment information of the greenbelt in real time, an embedded system processes the acquired information, the information is transmitted to a security monitoring center outside the well by an ad-hoc wireless network in a multi-hop relay mode, so that the defects of wired devices are remedied, and the ZigBee wireless sensor network-based low power consumption greenbelt moisture content monitoring network node has the advantages of being cheap, portable, safe, high in reliability, easy to expand, and so on.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of ZigBee-network node, a kind of low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring network node based on ZigBee for the urban green space Soil Moisture Monitoring that is specifically related to.
Background technology
Along with the development of the technology such as computer technology, GPS technology, sensor technology, multi-sensor information fusion technology and wireless telecommunications, the research of field information acquiring technology both at home and abroad makes great progress.Existing scientific research personnel is applied to field information acquisition with wireless sensor network (WSN) ZigBee technology and GPRS both at home and abroad.J. the people such as A. Lopez Riquelmea will be applied to based on the WSN of ZigBee technology in the precision agriculture, make a concrete analysis of the deployment of wireless sensor node in soil, environment and water and the structure of gateway and base-station node; The people such as Raul Morais use ZigBee-network to set up the small-sized agricultural land data acquisition platform, obtain solar energy, wind and flow information of water; The people such as Yunseop K have realized the remote monitoring of irrigation system by distributed WSN and GPRS.The Pang Na of domestic Jilin University and Cheng Defu adopt the ZigBee wireless sensor network to realize the design of greenhouse monitoring system; The people such as the Li Nan of Shanghai Communications University, Liu Chengliang utilize ZigBee and GPRS to combine and have made up the farmland moisture condition remote supervision system.
Domestic existing Soil Moisture Monitoring technology is based on the farmland moisture condition monitoring on the agricultural more, then be blank for the Soil Moisture Monitoring system in greenery patches, and the technology that adopts mostly is mobile moisture in the soil, fixing moisture in the soil or the remote sensing survey moisture in the soil surveyed surveyed.TZS-12J type soil moisture content and damage caused by a drought management system that the technical scheme of comparative maturity has Instr Ltd. of Top to produce, individual system can realize that vertical 6 methods detect synchronously to 40 monitoring points at most.Cong Tairui grinds the RY-DS type soil moisture content monitoring system that intelligence China Electronics Co., Ltd. produces, and each collector can realize that 8 probes measure the soil moisture of different azimuth or different depth simultaneously.
And present existing Soil Moisture Monitoring system is the basis mainly with fixed soil moisture content monitoring station, such as TSQ-6 type soil moisture content monitoring system, needs this detector is fixed in the farmland.Set up one or more solar panel and just can keep the work of monitor.By connecting tens transducers, and transducer is distributed in the measuring range that enlarges single instrument on every side on a large scale.The data communication device that collects is crossed wire cable with this instrument or GPRS is transferred to monitoring terminal.For power consumption higher requirement is arranged.
But along with the year by year increase of urban green space area, the water consumption to Greenland Irrigation in city will increase greatly, and China is lack of water country, and the dependence of water resources is increased day by day.And present Greenland Irrigation method is simply extensive, and some Greenland Irrigation is excessive, the situation that vegetation is flooded occurs, and some place then is the place that the sanitationman does not arrive at all, and vegetation is often by withered.Current Greenland Irrigation present situation is waste water resource not only, more makes the greenery patches can't obtain rational water resource assignment.
The urban green space of China is not high on the networked degree of information technology, even can be described as and do not have information system management, and therefore not having planned irrigation is the maximum root of water resource waste.Along with increasing of urban green space, according to original timing, irrigation method can not make Greenbelt environment reasonably be irrigated as required, for the system that can make to the greenery patches soil moisture content accurate monitoring and Irrigation Forecast, demand urgently at present building and using.
And at present, China's soil moisture content supervisory control system adopts monitoring of equipment and the artificial method that combines that gathers mostly, and this type of monitoring system has very large weak point in system cost, reliability and human cost.
At first, adopt the fixing equipment of surveying moisture in the soil owing to needing to build the cable transmission system to be arranged, therefore limited to a great extent the expansion of network size.If some instrument can use cell phone network to send data, although realized wireless convenience, need the outer communication fee of amount paid.And fixing to survey the required input of moisture in the soil larger, and the construction period is long, gathers way from the large tracts of land of present urban green space, is not enough to satisfy the demands.
Secondly, adopt the mobile moisture in the soil of surveying to pay more human cost, and because the monitoring range that people's subjective factor causes is inhomogeneous, can make the result who records comprehensively to react the soil moisture content in all greenery patchess.For the urban green space, its area is wide, and distribution is complicated, is unpractical if need to grasp comprehensive soil moisture content.
How both to have reacted timely and accurately the information of greenery patches soil moisture content, and input cost is low, monitoring range extensively becomes the hot issue of research.If wireless data transmission technology can be applied in the monitoring of greenery patches soil moisture content, the ageing and accuracy of greenery patches soil moisture content data successfully just, the monitoring personnel also need not to carry the mobile moisture in the soil equipment collection of being in the action of surveying; And the expansion of wireless network do not need to carry out a large amount of wirings and hardware installation work, only need lay in place wireless communication node and get final product.
The utility model content
For the deficiency that exists on the prior art, the utility model purpose is to be to provide a kind of low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network, has good flexibility, extensibility, the ability of self-organizing network, and have extremely low power consumption.
To achieve these goals, the utility model is to realize by the following technical solutions:
Low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network is characterized in that it comprises sensor base plate, is used for connecting the sensor interface of soil moisture sensor and soil temperature sensor; Gather the data of various transducers by the AD modular converter, and to data process, the microprocessor module of store operation and make node itself can add the ZigBee wireless sensor network and carry out the wireless transceiver module of wireless data transceiving; Described wireless transceiver module carries out communication by asynchronous serial port module and microprocessor module, described sensor interface, wireless transceiver module and microprocessor module are installed on the sensor base plate, described sensor interface is connected by circuit with microprocessor module, the hardware floor module also is installed on described sensor base plate, described hardware floor module comprises the sensor signal conditioning circuit that is connected with sensor interface, the data memory module that is connected with microprocessor module and the electric power management circuit of being controlled by wireless transceiver module and microprocessor module, described data memory module all is connected with microprocessor module with electric power management circuit, and described electric power management circuit also connects described wireless transceiver module; The electric power management circuit of this circuit is the power consumption control core of this hardware platform, and this module is responsible for the power supply voltage stabilizing work of whole circuit modules on the one hand, and this module also is responsible for the mains switch of modules on the other hand.This module is mainly controlled by wireless transceiver module and microprocessor module, comes the power supply of other modules of switch.
Described wireless transceiver module comprises ZigBee processor, antenna circuit and filter circuit, described antenna circuit all is connected with the ZigBee processor with filter circuit, described ZigBee processor adopting be CC2530 online programmable chip, this CC2530 online programmable chip also is connected with the resonance crystal oscillating circuit.
Be provided with the interface that connects microprocessor module at described sensor base plate, in order to change the micro controller unit of different model, described microprocessor module adopts is 16 microcontroller.
Described electric power management circuit comprises photovoltaic module, the low noise linear voltage regulator, the rf processor module, data processor module, the first double channel P-MOS manages switch, the second double channel P-MOS manages switch, the first soil moisture sensor and transducer conditioning module and the second soil moisture sensor and transducer conditioning module, the low noise linear voltage regulator comprises for the first low noise linear voltage regulator that radio frequency processor module and wireless transceiver module are powered and is used for the second low noise linear voltage regulator to microprocessor module and data processor module power supply, described photovoltaic module output connects respectively the first low noise linear voltage regulator, the input of the second low noise linear voltage regulator and the second double channel P-MOS pipe switch, described rf processor module connects described the second low noise linear voltage regulator, the input of the output difference connection data processor module of described the second low noise linear voltage regulator and the first double channel P-MOS pipe switch, the output of described data processor module connects respectively the input of the first double channel P-MOS pipe switch and the second double channel P-MOS pipe switch, the output of this first double channel P-MOS pipe switch connects the first soil moisture sensor and transducer conditioning module, and the output of described the second double channel P-MOS pipe switch connects the second soil moisture sensor and transducer conditioning module.
It is DC power supply between the 3.7-4.2V that photovoltaic module is externally connected with voltage, and described DC power supply is solar energy photovoltaic panel or lithium battery group.
What described the first low noise linear voltage regulator and the second low noise linear voltage regulator all adopted is MIC5205 low noise linear voltage regulator, described MIC5205 low noise linear voltage regulator is provided with the power input pin, the ground wire pin, device enables input pin, bypass low reference pin and stabilized voltage power supply output pin, described power input pin is connected the output that input pin all connects photovoltaic module with device, also be connected with a shunt capacitance C1 between the output of described power input pin and photovoltaic module, the function of this electric capacity is the indigenous energy memory as device.Described ground wire pin links to each other with the GND of whole sensor base plate piece.
In order further to reduce noise, also be connected with a decoupling capacitor at described stabilized voltage power supply output pin; The output voltage of described stabilized voltage power supply output pin is 3.3V.
Between the output of described power input pin and photovoltaic module, also be connected with a shunt capacitance.
The mains switch of microprocessor module and data memory module is subject to again the I/O control of wireless radiofrequency transceiver module.
Because Greenbelt environment is different, the present networks node can be with and carry the transformable soil moisture sensor of quantity and temperature sensor, with advanced person's the monitoring soil moisture technology transfer monitoring system to Greenbelt environment, so that we have had the understanding on the data of science to the actual environment situation in greenery patches, for the water saving irrigation of science huge help has been arranged.
In sum, the utility model is applied to the ZigBee wireless sensor network in the Soil Moisture Monitoring system of urban green space, environmental information by various transducer Real-time Collections greenery patches, by embedded system it is processed, in the multi-hop relay mode communication is arrived the outer safety monitoring center of well by ad hoc deployed wireless networks, can remedy the defective of wireline equipment, have inexpensive, portable, safety, reliability high, be easy to the advantage such as expansion.
Description of drawings
Describe the utility model in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments;
Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is wireless transceiver module circuit diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the first low noise linear voltage regulator of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the second low noise linear voltage regulator of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is that power switching devices of the present utility model is double channel P-MOS pipe switching characteristic curve chart;
Fig. 6 is that power switching devices of the present utility model is the circuit diagram of double channel P-MOS pipe switch;
Fig. 7 is the electric power management circuit structure chart of utility model.
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the utility model is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the utility model.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network of the utility model, it comprises sensor base plate, is used for connecting the sensor interface of soil moisture sensor and soil temperature sensor; Gather the data of various transducers by the AD modular converter, and to data process, the microprocessor module of store operation and make node itself can add the ZigBee wireless sensor network and carry out the wireless transceiver module of wireless data transceiving.
What the utility model was realized is a kind of wireless sensor network node based on the ZigBee wireless communication technology, therefore will be take the ZigBee radio-frequency receiving-transmitting as the basis from design, cooperate auxiliary processor to carry out the collecting work of sensing data, wherein the problem of low-power consumption also is core technology.Network node of the present utility model adopts the modularization separate design, and different modules according to separately design of function, is about to the hardware circuit design of disparate modules on different pcb boards.At first analyze the needed function of hardware of this node, then divide less than together design according to the function function that polymerism is higher.This node need to have the ZigBee radio communication function, therefore need to possess antenna and bandwidth-limited circuit thereof, the Zigbee protocol stack need to run on to have on the single-chip microcomputer that adapts to the ZigBee characteristic, antenna circuit, filter circuit and ZigBee processor module are designed to an independent circuit module, with it called after radio receiving transmitting module.This module has the ability of independent operating, and the adding that namely this module can be independent or set up a ZigBee-network is not subjected to the restriction of other modules.
In utility model, also the important pin of ZigBee processor in this module must be drawn as interface, for example DEBUG emulator interface, universal input/output interface and asynchronous serial communication interface.In actual design, adopt the ZigBee type of a comparative maturity of TI company release to adapt to chip CC2530, this chip internal also possesses 8051 core microprocessors of an enhancement mode except possessing the ZigBee radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, can move ZigBee PRO protocol stack fully.
In the present embodiment, wireless transceiver module carries out communication by asynchronous serial port module and microprocessor module, described sensor interface, wireless transceiver module and microprocessor module are installed on the sensor base plate, described sensor interface is connected by circuit with microprocessor module, the hardware floor module also is installed on described sensor base plate, described hardware floor module comprises the sensor signal conditioning circuit that is connected with sensor interface, the data memory module that is connected with microprocessor module and the electric power management circuit of being controlled by wireless transceiver module and microprocessor module, described data memory module all is connected with microprocessor module with electric power management circuit, and described electric power management circuit also connects described wireless transceiver module.
Network node of the present utility model has stronger data to be processed and operational capability, possesses a microprocessor module that is treated to core with control and data, because this module has stronger independence, and this module as an independent PCB circuit, is convenient in the future upgrading and maintenance.Along with constantly weeding out the old and bring forth the new of microcontroller (MCU) field, the performance of MCU will improve greatly, must follow the cost of mature technology product and the characteristics in chip market field are the release of new technology.
Present embodiment designs the microprocessor module of this node separately, for ease of later upgrading, is being provided with the interface that connects microprocessor module at described sensor base plate, in order to change the micro controller unit of different model.16 8-digit microcontrollers of a HC12S series of the up-to-date release of microprocessor module employing Freescale of present embodiment are as core cell, its model is S12G128, this MCU belongs to the low-power consumption type product in the homologous series, and possesses multi-channel digital and analogue ALT-CH alternate channel, asynchronous serial communication interface, synchronous serial communication interface and pulse capture module On-Chip peripheral; If along with the renewal of hardware platform and the expansion of research purpose, this microprocessor module can be changed the microprocessor module take other MCU as core at any time, and not only updating speed is fast, has also saved the upgrade cost of other modules.This 16 8-digit microcontroller major function is the data that gather various transducers by the AD modular converter, and to data process, the operation such as storage, it and wireless radiofrequency module are carried out communication by Asynchronous Serial Interface, to reach data communication device are crossed the purpose that ZigBee-network transmits.This microprocessor module is drawn ADC pin, SCI pin, SPI pin and other IO pins of MCU with the form of contact pin, so that other modules communicate and control.
Above-mentioned microprocessor module has up to Flash internal memory on the sheet of 240KB SRAM on the EEPROM of 4KB and the sheet of 11KB take the CPU of S12 framework as core.It also has the Phase Locked Loop Frequency Doubler with inner filter, the Pierce oscillator of 4-16MHz amplitude control, the inside RC oscillator of 1MHz.Its clock module support is up to 16 input captures of 8 tunnel, output comparison, counter and pulse accumulation function.It has the analog comparator of analog-to-digital conversion passage up to 12 of 8 tunnel pulse width modulation module, 16 tunnel, 5V, 3 Peripheral Interface SPI modules, 3 tunnel to support serial communication SCI module and fieldbus module MSCAN that support many autgmentabilities of LIN buses, and support the 2.0A/B agreement.
The sensor signal conditioning circuit of present embodiment, data memory module and electric power management circuit, in view of the function of these circuit and module is extremely disperseed, has discreteness in electrical characteristic, and their combination is only applicable to the application in this field of wireless sensor node, therefore the utility model designs on a PCB circuit board called after hardware floor module with above these circuit and module whole.With the mother matrix circuit of hardware floor module as whole network node, namely radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and microprocessor module all are placed on this mother matrix circuit as Subcircuits module.Independence and the uniformity of modules have so just been realized.Independence is that the function between each module does not possess common factor, only by simple numeral or analog electrical signal as connecting interface; And uniformity is in case they are combined into a circuit of finishing, can give play to more powerful function, coordinate operation between each module promotes the operational efficiency of present networks node greatly, and the lifting of operational efficiency can bring the reduction of power consumption and the raising of general stability from the side.
The electric power management circuit of this circuit is the power consumption control core of this hardware platform, and this module is responsible for the power supply voltage stabilizing work of whole circuit modules on the one hand, and this module also is responsible for the mains switch of modules on the other hand.This module is mainly controlled by wireless transceiver module and microprocessor module, comes the power supply of other modules of switch.
Described wireless transceiver module comprises ZigBee processor, antenna circuit and filter circuit, described antenna circuit all is connected with the ZigBee processor with filter circuit, the function of wireless transceiver module is to make node itself can add the ZigBee wireless sensor network and carry out the transmitting-receiving of wireless data, and carries out communication by asynchronous serial port module and microprocessor module.For the residing network environment of this hardware platform itself, ZigBee is not the unique wireless network protocol that may use, if this wireless sensor network is in the more environment of the length and breadth of land, may also need to use WiFi, GPRS even 3G network, this moment is as long as the circuit design of this wireless transceiver module of change just can easily make this node possess the function of other wireless communication technologys.And in the present embodiment, as long as adopt the ZigBee wireless communication technology, just can satisfy the demand of current environment.
Described ZigBee processor adopting TI semiconductor design and the CC2530 online programmable chip of producing,, this CC2530 online programmable chip also is connected with the resonance crystal oscillating circuit.This CC2530 online programmable chip is the also integrated 8051CPU kernel in a single cycle cycle on the basis of integrated ZigBee transceiver, it has 3 different memory headrooms can directly pass through bus access, is respectively specified register space (SFR), data space (DATA) and static random memory space (SRAM).It also comprises a debugging interface and 18 tunnel outside input interrupt locations; Its interrupt control unit can be 18 interrupt source services, and wherein being divided into is 6 groups of interruptions, and each interrupt source can be distributed 1 in 4 priority.The memory arbitration circuit of this CC2530 online programmable chip is the core of whole system, and it is connecting CPU by the physical memory space and is being connected with DMA and connects other peripheral modules by the SFR register.The 8KB static state of this CC2530 online programmable chip immediately storage space S RAM has been shone upon the external data space of whole data space and part, this SRAM is a kind of space of super low-power consumption, even it still can keep and being connected of other modules behind the power-off of numerical portion.
The CC2530 online programmable chip of present embodiment also has the flash memory space of the highest 256KB, and it can provide the programmable nonvolatile internal memory that powers on, and can be mapped enters CODE space and XDATA space.Because this internal memory can keep program code and content, so it can also recover to use the various data of once preserving after device is restarted.The digital core of CC2530 online programmable chip and peripheral module are by the low-dropout regulator power supply of a 1.8V.
In addition, CC2530 online programmable chip has also comprised a power management functional module, because therefore it can make CC2530 work several months under the keeping of a batteries for different power modules distributes using portion.
The typical circuit principle of this wireless transceiver module as shown in Figure 2, as seen this circuit only need to be to the power supply of the power pins of CC2530 online programmable chip, and an external resonance crystal oscillating circuit and an antenna circuit can work.
It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the electric power management circuit of circuit is the power consumption control core of this hardware platform, and this module is responsible for the power supply voltage stabilizing work of whole circuit modules on the one hand, and this module also is responsible for the mains switch of modules on the other hand.This module is mainly controlled by wireless radiofrequency transceiver module and microprocessor module, comes the power supply of other modules of switch.The electric power management circuit of present embodiment comprises photovoltaic module, the low noise linear voltage regulator, the rf processor module, data processor module, the first double channel P-MOS manages switch, the second double channel P-MOS manages switch, the first soil moisture sensor and transducer conditioning module and the second soil moisture sensor and transducer conditioning module, the low noise linear voltage regulator comprises for the first low noise linear voltage regulator that radio frequency processor module and wireless transceiver module are powered and is used for the second low noise linear voltage regulator to microprocessor module and data processor module power supply, described photovoltaic module output connects respectively the first low noise linear voltage regulator, the input of the second low noise linear voltage regulator and the second double channel P-MOS pipe switch, described rf processor module connects described the second low noise linear voltage regulator, the input of the output difference connection data processor module of described the second low noise linear voltage regulator and the first double channel P-MOS pipe switch, the output of described data processor module connects respectively the input of the first double channel P-MOS pipe switch and the second double channel P-MOS pipe switch, the output of this first double channel P-MOS pipe switch connects the first soil moisture sensor and transducer conditioning module, and the output of described the second double channel P-MOS pipe switch connects the second soil moisture sensor and transducer conditioning module.
In the present embodiment, namely the first low noise linear voltage regulator, the second low noise linear voltage regulator all adopt voltage voltage stabilizing chip is the MIC5205 low noise linear voltage regulator that MICREL company produces, this MIC5205 low noise linear voltage regulator is a kind of low noise of high conversion efficiency, the device of low pressure drop type, and its power supply precision of voltage regulation can be up to 1%.This voltage stabilizing chip is mainly and hand-held set or provide voltage stabilizing based on battery powered equipment, and the input control that MIC5205 inside has comprised a CMOS or TTL compatible enables.When being in stop mode, the power-dissipation-reduced of chip is near 0.Behind the Voltage-output terminal shortcircuit, the ground line current of this pressurizer advances to have small increase, can effectively protect the circuit of battery-end.In floor module, adopt two MIC5205 pressurizers that cell output voltage is carried out voltage stabilizing.Wherein U1 powers for the wireless radiofrequency module specially, U2 then powers for microprocessor module and other modules, consider that microprocessor module and other circuit modules are not real-time working, therefore the work Enable Pin of U2 enables control by the I/O pin V3.3_2_EN of wireless radiofrequency module, in the time of when not needing the U2 power supply, V3.3_2_EN is low level, MIC5205 does not export the 3.3V stabilized voltage power supply, when needs microprocessor and other module operating rooms, V3.3_2_EN then is high level, MIC5250 output 3.3V voltage.
U1 in Fig. 3 and circuit thereof are as example.Wherein the 1st pin of MIC5205 is power input, has met a shunt capacitance C1 before this pin input, and the function of this electric capacity is the indigenous energy memory as device.This element can not provide DC power supply, because they can only store a small amount of electric energy.The function of this indigenous energy memory is the electric current demand of at a terrific speed response change, from hundreds of kilo hertz in the frequency range of hundreds of megahertzes, electric capacity can be at several milliseconds between the nanosecond, effectively keep supply voltage, for the variation that exceeds this scope, decoupling capacitor is helpless [xx] then.For example, if the electric current demand of device improves suddenly in several microseconds, so, before electric capacity can provide extra electric weight to device, the voltage of this device will descend to some extent.If the electric current demand of device has changed, and in several milliseconds, keep new level, so, will effectively take over these electric capacity with the voltage stabilizing circuit of shunt capacitance parallel running, and regulate the output voltage of oneself, satisfy new electric current demand.The 2nd pin of U1 is the ground wire pin, links to each other with the GND of whole floor module.The 3rd pin is that device enables input pin, and logic Gao Shiwei enables, during logic low for stopping.For U1, it is powered for the wireless radiofrequency transceiver module, be not subjected to the control of any logical block, therefore the 3rd pin one direct power supply input Vin of U1 gets final product, for U2, whether it exports the control whether power supply is subject to the wireless radiofrequency transceiver module, therefore need to connect relevant I/O mouth and control.The 4th pin of U1 has two different functions for the MIC5205 of different model, and for the model that is output as fixed voltage, the 4th pin is the bypass low reference pin, and the electric capacity of an external 470pF reduces the noise of output voltage between needs and the ground wire.For the model that is output as variable voltage, the 4th pin is the adaptation feedback discrepancy end of pressurizer, as long as connect the output voltage range that a divider resistance can be regulated MIC5205.In this application, present embodiment adopts the standard output voltage of 3.3V, and therefore selecting model is that the chip of MIC5205-3.3BM can outputting standard voltage.
The 5th pin of U1 is the stabilized voltage power supply output pin, and the 3.3V voltage that this pin can outputting standard in the situation of chip enable in order further to reduce noise, also is connected with the decoupling capacitor of a 2.2uF at described stabilized voltage power supply output pin.
Electric power management circuit also has the function of other each several part modular power source switches of management except having voltage stabilizing function.U2 mentioned above had both had the power supply voltage stabilizing function, can control again the switch of power supply simultaneously.In the mains switch interlock circuit, mainly adopt metal-oxide-semiconductor to come the power supply of switch related device.Adopt metal-oxide-semiconductor as the switch of power supply following advantage to be arranged, adopt metal-oxide-semiconductor more much smaller than the loss of triode as mains switch; Metal-oxide-semiconductor is voltage driven type, and drive circuit is fairly simple, and triode is the current mode driving; The temperature characterisitic of metal-oxide-semiconductor is better than triode.In this hardware platform, power switching devices adopts the IRF7329 of IR company production as the switch MOS pipe of each module.This MOS adopts trench technique, has ultralow conducting resistance, it is minimum that this device takies circuit area, the small IC encapsulation of encapsulation SOIC-8, and the P-MOS pipe that each IRF7329 has the double hook road is the first double channel P-MOS pipe switch and the second double channel P-MOS pipe switch.According to the characteristic curve of Fig. 5 as can be known, in 25 degrees centigrade environment, this metal-oxide-semiconductor has extremely low conducting voltage and leakage current ability, look into its curve chart as can be known according to the power parameter of this circuit, at VGS be-3.3V in, be gate pole input 0V, the VDS of IRF7329 when being 3.3V, the output current of ID can up to more than the 10A, be enough to drive the load of each modular circuit.
Mains switch in this circuit is that double channel P-MOS pipe switch is divided into and is two parts, and a part is the mains switch of other IC chips, and another part is the mains switch of sensor interface.Although this mains switch is responsible for the power supply of disparate modules, the same during its basic circuit, be the i.e. schematic diagram of the first double channel P-MOS pipe switch of one of them power switch circuit such as Fig. 6.Wherein U12 is the encapsulation figure of IRF7239, and this device has 8 pins, and 1,2,7,8 are respectively S, G, the D utmost point of first P-MOS pipe, and 3,4,5,6 are respectively three electrodes of second P-MOS pipe.3.3V supply voltage by the input of the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, drain electrode output, the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor is pulled to supply voltage by one 100 kilo-ohms resistance.Because IRF7239 is the metal-oxide-semiconductor of P raceway groove, its objective is to make the power on grid of rear metal-oxide-semiconductor of whole circuit can keep high level, so that the DS two ends of metal-oxide-semiconductor are cut-off state, not output current.The grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor is directly connected to the I/O mouth of microprocessor module, when the I/O of correspondence mouth becomes low level, and the conducting of DS two ends, corresponding module can work.
Shown in Figure 7, the input of the power supply source of whole electric power management circuit is by the photovoltaic module power supply, and it is DC power supply between the 3.7-4.2V that this photovoltaic module is externally connected to voltage, and this DC power supply can be solar energy photovoltaic panel or lithium battery group; It is other circuit outside the whole hardware platform, only is connected to this hardware platform by power interface.This DC power supply is that the first low noise linear voltage regulator and the second low noise linear voltage regulator voltage stabilizing are 3.3V to voltage by two MIC5205 low noise linear voltage regulators, it gives respectively the power supply of the data memory module on wireless radiofrequency transceiver module, microprocessor module power supply and the backplane circuit, and the mains switch of microprocessor module and data storage is subject to the I/O control of wireless radiofrequency transceiver module.The power supply of remaining circuit module is the double channel P-MOS pipe switch of IRF7239 by model, and switching value is by the I/O mouth control of microprocessor module.The power supply of part temperature sensor and signal conditioning circuit thereof, its input power is the 3.3V of MIC5205 voltage stabilizing, another part IRF7239 is the power supply of switch soil moisture sensor and signal conditioning circuit thereof then, and the input power of this part directly is the 3.7-4.2V of outside input.As seen from Figure 7, electric power management circuit has not only been grasped the powered operation of whole hardware platform, also has the whether function of power-on of control modules.For wireless sensor network node, its low-power consumption characteristic just has been embodied in the real time power consumption that whether can rationally control modules, only have electric power management circuit reasonable in design, the power supply control ability is strong, could effectively control by software programming the power consumption of whole circuit.
Above-mentioned ZigBee is a kind of wireless connections, can be operated on 2.4GHz, 868MHz and the 915 MHz3 frequency range, the transmission rate that has respectively the highest 250kbit/s, 20kbit/s and 40kbit/s, its transmission range but can continue to increase in the scope of 10-75m.As a kind of wireless communication technology, ZigBee has following features:
(1) low-power consumption: because the transmission rate of ZigBee is low, transmitting power is 1mW only, and has adopted park mode, and is low in energy consumption, so the very power saving of ZigBee equipment.It is estimated that ZigBee equipment only depends on No. 5 batteries of two joints just can keep the service time that reaches about 6 months to 2 years, this is that other wireless device is too far behind to catch up.
(2) cost is low: the initial cost of ZigBee module estimate can drop to 1.5-2.5 dollars soon, and Zigbee protocol is exempted from patent fee at 6 dollars.Low-cost also is the factor of a key for ZigBee.
(3) time delay is short: communication delay and all very short from the time delay of resting state activation, and typical search equipment time delay 30ms, the time delay that dormancy activates is 15ms, the time delay of vehicular equipment channel access is 15ms.Therefore the controlled in wireless (such as the Industry Control occasion etc.) that is applicable to the delay requirement harshness of ZigBee technology is used.
(4) network capacity is large: the Zigbee network of a hub-and-spoke configuration can hold at most 254 from equipment and a main equipment, can have simultaneously maximum 100 ZigBee-networks in the zone, and network forms flexibly.
(5) reliable: as to have taked the collision avoidance strategy, simultaneously for to need the communication service of fixed-bandwidth to reserve dedicated time slot, avoided sending competition and the conflict of data.The MAC layer has adopted the data-transmission mode of full confirmation, and the packet of each transmission must be waited for recipient's affirmation information.Can retransmit if go wrong in the transmission course.
(6) safety: ZigBee provides the packet integrity checking function based on cyclic redundancy check (CRC) (CRC), supports authentication and authentication, has adopted the cryptographic algorithm of AES-128, and each application can be determined its security attribute flexibly.
In the utility model, because Greenbelt environment is different, the present networks node can be with and carry the transformable soil moisture sensor of quantity and temperature sensor, with advanced person's the monitoring soil moisture technology transfer monitoring system to Greenbelt environment, so that we have had the understanding on the data of science to the actual environment situation in greenery patches, for the water saving irrigation of science huge help has been arranged.
In sum, the ZigBee wireless sensor network is applied in the Soil Moisture Monitoring system of urban green space, environmental information by various transducer Real-time Collections greenery patches, by embedded system it is processed, in the multi-hop relay mode communication is arrived the outer safety monitoring center of well by ad hoc deployed wireless networks, can remedy the defective of wireline equipment, have inexpensive, portable, safety, reliability high, be easy to the advantage such as expansion.
More than show and described basic principle of the present utility model and principal character and advantage of the present utility model.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in above-described embodiment and the specification just illustrates principle of the present utility model; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model spirit and scope; the utility model also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in claimed the utility model scope.The claimed scope of the utility model is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. based on the low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node of ZigBee wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that it comprises sensor base plate, be used for connecting the sensor interface of soil moisture sensor and soil temperature sensor; Gather the data of various transducers by the AD modular converter, and to data process, the microprocessor module of store operation and make node itself can add the ZigBee wireless sensor network and carry out the wireless transceiver module of wireless data transceiving; Described wireless transceiver module carries out communication by asynchronous serial port module and microprocessor module, described sensor interface, wireless transceiver module and microprocessor module are installed on the sensor base plate, described sensor interface is connected by circuit with microprocessor module, and the hardware floor module also is installed on described sensor base plate.
2. the low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described hardware floor module comprises the sensor signal conditioning circuit that is connected with sensor interface, the data memory module that is connected with microprocessor module and the electric power management circuit of being controlled by wireless transceiver module and microprocessor module, described data memory module all is connected with microprocessor module with electric power management circuit, and described electric power management circuit also connects described wireless transceiver module.
3. the low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described wireless transceiver module comprises ZigBee processor, antenna circuit and filter circuit, described antenna circuit all is connected with the ZigBee processor with filter circuit, described ZigBee processor adopting be CC2530 online programmable chip, this CC2530 online programmable chip also is connected with the resonance crystal oscillating circuit.
4. the low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, be provided with the interface that connects microprocessor module at described sensor base plate, described microprocessor module adopts is 16 microcontroller.
5. the low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described electric power management circuit comprises photovoltaic module, the low noise linear voltage regulator, the rf processor module, data processor module, the first double channel P-MOS manages switch, the second double channel P-MOS manages switch, the first soil moisture sensor and transducer conditioning module and the second soil moisture sensor and transducer conditioning module, the low noise linear voltage regulator comprises for the first low noise linear voltage regulator that radio frequency processor module and wireless transceiver module are powered and is used for the second low noise linear voltage regulator to microprocessor module and data processor module power supply, described photovoltaic module output connects respectively the first low noise linear voltage regulator, the input of the second low noise linear voltage regulator and the second double channel P-MOS pipe switch, described rf processor module connects described the second low noise linear voltage regulator, the input of the output difference connection data processor module of described the second low noise linear voltage regulator and the first double channel P-MOS pipe switch, the output of described data processor module connects respectively the input of the first double channel P-MOS pipe switch and the second double channel P-MOS pipe switch, the output of this first double channel P-MOS pipe switch connects the first soil moisture sensor and transducer conditioning module, and the output of described the second double channel P-MOS pipe switch connects the second soil moisture sensor and transducer conditioning module.
6. the low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described photovoltaic module is externally connected with the DC power supply that voltage is 3.7-4.2V, and described DC power supply is solar energy photovoltaic panel or lithium battery group.
7. the low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, what described the first low noise linear voltage regulator and the second low noise linear voltage regulator all adopted is MIC5205 low noise linear voltage regulator, described MIC5205 low noise linear voltage regulator is provided with the power input pin, the ground wire pin, device enables input pin, bypass low reference pin and stabilized voltage power supply output pin, described power input pin is connected the output that input pin all connects photovoltaic module with device, described ground wire pin links to each other with the GND of whole sensor base plate piece.
8. the low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also is connected with a decoupling capacitor at described stabilized voltage power supply output pin.
9. the low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network according to claim 7 is characterized in that the output voltage of described stabilized voltage power supply output pin is 3.3V.
10. the low-power consumption greenery patches Soil Moisture Monitoring node based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also is connected with a shunt capacitance between the output of described power input pin and photovoltaic module.
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Address after: 100048 Beijing city Haidian District Fuchengmen Road No. 11 Patentee after: Beijing Technology and Business University Patentee after: Beijing Nokisens SAC Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Kunshan Nuoke Sensor Integration Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Suzhou Zhongyin Sensing Co., Ltd. Address before: 100048 Beijing city Haidian District Fuchengmen Road No. 11 Patentee before: Beijing Technology and Business University Patentee before: Beijing Nokisens SAC Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Kunshan Nuoke Sensor Integration Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Kunshan Nokisens SAC Co., Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20130102 Termination date: 20190417 |