Background technology
Reactive power compensation is meant in electric power system the power factor that improves electrical network, reduce supply transformer and conveying circuit loss, improve power supplying efficiency, improve the power supply environment.China's idle conditioning equipment commonly used is mechanical type shunt reactor, switched capacitor at present, belongs to the silent oscillation compensation, has the problem discontinuous, that response speed is slow of regulating.And dynamic reactive compensation device is made up of the capacitor and the bank of filters of thyristor-controlled reactor, thuristor throw-in and throw-off usually; Thyristor-controlled reactor is through changing the angle of flow of the thyristor of connecting with reactor; The inductance current of ability rapid Continuous modifier, thereby the reactive power of acquisition smooth adjustment.But the loop is the constant-impedance characteristic, when voltage is low, required idle support can't be provided, the ability of therefore coping with contingencies a little less than, and in order to suppress harmonic wave, must the installing filter, floor space is bigger.Usually the Capacity design with reactor becomes the same with capacitor.Because reactor is with thyristor control, its perceptual reactive current can change.When thyristor turn-offed, reactor did not have electric current, and capacitor is fixedly connected, so the compensation rate of package unit is maximum.When regulating the angle of flow of thyristor, the inductance current of reactor will be offset a part of condenser current, so the compensation rate minimizing, and the angle of flow is big more, and the electric current of reactor is big more, and compensation rate is just more little.
When the thyristor all-pass, reactor current will all be offset condenser current, and this moment, compensation rate was 0.When the angle of flow of thyristor during less than 90 °, the electric current non-sine of reactor contains harmonic components, and therefore must the fixed capacitor group be designed to filter form or be equipped with other filter, complex structure, loss is big.In high-pressure system,, adopt reactor to increase secondary winding for reducing the thyristor voltage restriction more; And realize the induction reactance adjustment of reactor through thyristor adjustment short-circuit impedance value; But because of transformer is operated in the magnetic saturation district, short circuit loss is big, has strengthened the manufacturing requirements and the cost of reactor.
The utility model content
The technical problem that the utility model will solve is: a kind of dynamic reactive compensation device based on TGBT control is provided, utilizes the power current of TGBT inverter output can dynamically carry out reactive power compensation, realize that capacitive is adjustable with the stepless continuous of perception on the electrical network.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the utility model adopted is:
A kind of dynamic reactive compensation device based on IGBT control high pressure; Comprise and the parallelly connected reactive power compensation branch road of transmission of electricity electrical network; Said reactive power compensation branch road comprises the filter reactor and the capacitor group of series connection successively; Also comprise a reactance transformer; A winding side of said reactance transformer is connected in parallel on the two ends of said reactive power compensation branch road, and the secondary winding side is connected with DC power supply through an IGBT inverter, the current power factor of transmission of electricity electrical network that the control end of said IGBT inverter is connected with twin target power factor and detection carry out closed-loop control also generation be used to trigger the control circuit of the control impuls of IGBT inverter.
Further as preferred embodiment; Said control circuit comprises master controller; Said master controller is connected with signal conditioning circuit through the A/D translation interface, said signal conditioning circuit be connected be used for gathering transmission of electricity electrical network electric current and voltage signal sensor circuit.
Preferably, said master controller adopts the TMS320F2812 dsp chip.
Preferably, said filter reactor comprises former limit winding and secondary winding, and said secondary winding is through the three-phase contactor short circuit.
Further as preferred embodiment, said reactance transformer is the transformer of tri-phase iron core band air gap.
Further, also be parallel with the dc energy storage electric capacity that is used for energy storage between said IGBT inverter and the DC power supply as preferred embodiment.
Further as preferred embodiment, said master controller is connected with host computer through communication interface.
Further as preferred embodiment, said DC power supply is controlled direct voltage source.
Further as preferred embodiment, said reactive power compensation branch road is parallelly connected with the transmission of electricity electrical network through vacuum contactor.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is: the utility model is based on IGBT control high pressure dynamic reactive compensation device; Inject alternating current in reactance transformer secondary winding side; Master controller is according to target power factor and the comparison of gathering the current power factor that the electric current and voltage data computation obtains; The control impuls PWM waveform that is used to trigger the IGBT inverter through the closed-loop control adjustment; Changed the current amplitude that reactance transformer secondary winding side is injected, realized the adjustable continuously of automatically controlled transformer main flux, thereby realized that the impedance of a winding side of reactance transformer is adjustable continuously; And then the capacitive that guarantees the transmission of electricity electrical network is adjustable with the stepless continuous of perception, has realized the purpose of dynamic passive compensation under the high-pressure system.Further, the iron core of reactance transformer has air gap in this device, is operated in linear zone, and is low in energy consumption, and IGBT has very high switching frequency, and whole reactive power compensation produces harmonic wave hardly, do not need extra filter, provides cost savings.
Embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing the utility model:
The utility model dynamic reactive compensation device; Inject reactance transformer secondary winding side through IGBT inverter output power current; Through the closed-loop control of power factor being changed the amplitude of injection current; The main flux of realizing automatically controlled transformer is adjustable continuously, reaches to regulate the reactance of a winding side of reactance transformer, realizes the purpose of reactive power compensation.
With reference to Fig. 1; The utility model is based on the dynamic reactive compensation device of IGBT control high pressure; Comprise and the parallelly connected reactive power compensation branch road of transmission of electricity electrical network; Said reactive power compensation branch road comprises the filter reactor and the capacitor group of series connection successively, and the reactive power compensation branch road is parallel on the three-phase power transmission electrical network through vacuum contactor.This compensation arrangement also comprises a reactance transformer; A winding side of said reactance transformer is connected in parallel on the two ends of said reactive power compensation branch road; The secondary winding side is connected with DC power supply through an IGBT inverter, and the control end of said IGBT inverter is connected with one and carries out the control circuit that the closed-loop control generation is used to trigger the control impuls of IGBT inverter through the current power factor of the transmission of electricity electrical network of target power factor and detection.
With reference to Fig. 2; In the present embodiment; Said control circuit comprises master controller, and said master controller is connected with signal conditioning circuit through the A/D translation interface, said signal conditioning circuit be connected be used for gathering transmission of electricity electrical network electric current and voltage signal sensor circuit.Sketch in the face of the design of control circuit down:
1, power module: controller chip is made up of analog part and numerical portion, and analog part and interface supply power voltage are+3.3V that the numerical portion supply power voltage is+1.8V, and is very high to stability requirement.Adopt power supply chip TPS7301 and TPS7333, general+5V converts into+1.8V and+3.3V, other accessory power supply is selected the finished product power module for use.
2. sample circuit design
12 road signal conditioning circuits are primarily aimed at three-phase voltage, electric current and direct voltage sampling in the present embodiment.The input side of signal conditioning circuit receives aanalogvoltage, the current signal that detects from sensor circuit; Said sensor circuit can be Hall current instrument transformer or Hall voltage instrument transformer, signal conditioning circuit at first to the input analog quantity carry out filtering, amplitude limit is delivered to the AD translation interface.
3. master controller
Master controller adopts the TMS320F2812 dsp chip; TMS320F2812 is the dsp controller towards alternating current machine and power electronic equipment control that TI company releases; The high speed processing ability of its kernel 150MIPS and integrated two task managers (EVA and EVB) and other external equipments guarantee its powerful operation capacity and simple periphery design.Each task manager has three comparing units and programmable dead band control unit, cooperates the timer of task manager can realize the PWM output with the dead band protection.The DSP master controller is that target is carried out closed-loop control with the power factor, accomplishes the detection of current power factor, and generates the control impuls PWM waveform that drives the IGBT inverter.Its peripheral circuit comprises power supply, transducer, signal conditioning circuit, A/D convertor circuit and CPLD pulse blocking circuit etc., accomplishes electric current, voltage, the input of command signal and the output protection of control impuls.
The CPLD chip is mainly used in and keeps watch on the pwm pulse signal that DSP sends, when detecting might cause the straight-through fault of inverter the time, and locking pulse immediately, and send the fault request to DSP.In addition, also accomplish IGBT protection, direct current overvoltage, and the protection of power supply monitoring.
The A/D chip is 16 precision series analog memories of general 6 passages input front end processor AD73360 that ADl company releases, and is the three-phase electric quantity test IC device that is applied to industrial ammeter or multichannel input system.AD73360 is particularly suitable for requiring the Industry Control Application of sampling simultaneously, and it not only is suitable for large-signal uses, and also is suitable for small-signal applications.Have six the analog quantity input channels that can sample simultaneously, these six channels can be sampled simultaneously, thereby and need not intervene by CPU. can reduce effectively owing to the different phase errors that produce of sampling time.The sampling rate of each channel can utilize control word in 8 kHz, 16 kHz, 32 kHz and 64kHz, to set easily. be suitable for three-phase system operation power parameter investigating class application system.
Preferably, master controller utilizes communication port RS232/RS485 to be connected with host computer, realizes remote operation, monitoring, measurement, and master controller also can increase display interface, and can match mini-printer, and automaticity is high.
With reference to Fig. 1, said filter reactor comprises former limit winding and secondary winding, and said secondary winding is through the three-phase contactor short circuit.The main effect of three-phase contactor is adhesive immediately after compensating cabinet powers on; With filter reactor secondary winding short circuit; After the adhesive, the IGBT inverter is accomplished direct current precharge after master controller detects vacuum contactor, breaks off three-phase contactor immediately after the output maximum inductive is idle; The IGBT inverter is exported according to penalty coefficient subsequently, the adjustment power factor.Therefore, underloading input all in the time of can guaranteeing each input compensation device guarantees the safety of compensation arrangement, and can not impact to transmission system.Through the short circuit in short-term of three-phase contactor, filter reactor secondary winding just is operated in the utmost point in the short time, can transship, and the capacity that needs is very little.
Further as preferred embodiment, said reactance transformer is the transformer of tri-phase iron core band air gap, and rated voltage is 10/0.5KV; The capacitor group is used to provide system's reactive power compensation; That the IGBT inverter is selected for use is the FF450R12ME4 of Infineon, rated voltage 1200V, rated current 450A.
Further as preferred embodiment, also be parallel with the dc energy storage electric capacity that is used for energy storage between said IGBT inverter and the DC power supply, said dc energy storage electric capacity is the NCC electrochemical capacitor, adopts series-parallel system to improve integral capacitor value and withstand voltage.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of reactance transformer reactive power compensation, and the essence of this principle is: reactance transformer is regarded as two-port network, and when the load of transmission of electricity electrical network access changed, input impedance also changed thereupon.The secondary side load is a controllable current source, and the I that satisfies condition
2=-α I
1, wherein be α one real constant, the current coefficient of expression controllable current source, the secondary side controllable current source can realize that the dc energy storage electric capacity of this inverter bridge and DC side thereof is the load of reactance transformer secondary side in fact by a voltage source inverter.Employing is the closed-loop adjustment current tracking controlling schemes of target with the power factor, and master controller receiving sensor circuit collects current power E, the reactance transformer one side winding side electric current I of transmission of electricity electrical network
1And secondary winding side electric current I
2, target power factor and the current power factor that calculates is compared draw the power back-off coefficient, and then the duty ratio of adjustment PWM waveform changes the secondary winding side electric current I of inverter bridge output
2, the main flux of change reactance transformer can change the equivalent input impedance of reactance transformer primary side, thereby reaches the purpose of regulating reactance, thereby realizes the purpose of reactive power compensation.In the utility model compensation arrangement, IGBT inverter output current, the main flux of change reactance transformer; Adjust its inductance value; Can carry out bidirectional modulation to reactance transformer, output perception or capacitive reactive power electric current feed back according to power factor; It is adjustable to reach the inductance continuous stepless, realizes the purpose of reactive power compensation.
Further as preferred embodiment, the direct current that said IGBT inverter input side injects is that the direct rectification of three-phase rectifier obtains, and also can be controlled direct voltage source.
More than be that preferable enforcement to the utility model specifies; But the utility model is created and is not limited to said embodiment; Those of ordinary skill in the art can also make all equivalent variations or replacement under the prerequisite of the utility model spirit, distortion that these are equal to or replacement all are included in the application's claim institute restricted portion.