CN102570474B - Triggering and conducting method used for switching of capacitor of thyristor AC non-contact switch - Google Patents
Triggering and conducting method used for switching of capacitor of thyristor AC non-contact switch Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a triggering and conducting method used for the switching of a capacitor of a thyristor AC non-contact switch, belonging to the field of triggering and conducting method of thyristors. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) regulating a multi-turn potentiometer on a triggering pulse plate, adjusting the control angle alpha to 180-270 degrees, and keeping the value of the control angle alpha unchanged; (2) regulating the capacitance of a return circuit on the triggering pulse plate, so that the triggering pulse width is 360-alpha degrees, and keeping the triggering pulse width unchanged until the anode potential is higher than the cathode potential and the capacitor current arises smoothly from zero. By using the triggering and conducting method, inrush current and operation overvoltage are avoided during switching of the capacitor, a compensating device itself does not generate harmonic wave, the control system is simple and reliable, the control precision is high, the current waveform does not have notches, and greater economic and social benefits are achieved in reducing the grid loss and voltage fluctuation, improving the grid quality, enhancing the grid safety, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of controlling the thyristor triggering and conducting, more particularly, the Reactive Compensation Device that relates to a kind of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor (is called for short: in the time of SVC-TSC), its triggering and conducting method, i.e. safe, easy definite method of thyristor triggering impulse pilot angle α.
Background technology
Reactive Compensation Device is indispensable equipment in electrical network, and it not only can reduce grid loss, improves the circuit ability to transmit electricity, the more important thing is and can reduce voltage fluctuation, improves power grid quality and security reliability.Old reactive-load dynamic compensation is in power plant or regional center transformer station installing phase advancer (electric rotating machine).In addition, in the fixedly reactive power compensation of 35KV and 10KV electric substation installing by vacuum circuit-breaker switching reactive-load compensation capacitor.China's fast economic growth, electrical network are also fast-developing, old reactive power compensator, and performance and scale all can not meet the electrical network requirement.In the later stage seventies in last century, China starts package import state type Reactive Compensation Device (being called for short SVC), take thyristor-controlled reactor type (being called for short SVC-TCR) as main.Since this century, China is from being introduced into of home make state type Reactive Compensation Device, mainly contains following severally, and its main performance, existing problems and scope of application brief introduction are as follows:
(1) SVC-TCR type---thyristor-controlled reactor type Reactive Compensation Device.Technical mature and reliable, can regulate according to the needs that network load changes continuously without work output, and dynamic response time can reach 10 ms.Existing problems are that compensation arrangement itself exists a certain amount of harmonic wave, therefore, SVC-TCR type Reactive Compensation Device, be comprised of a cover filter (FC) of same electrical capacity and the reactor (TCR) of a cover thyristor control, equipment is many, and investment and loss own are larger.Actual use is large at impact load in China, and load itself produces again the electric substation of harmonic wave, and as steel rolling, the electric furnace steel making electric substation of iron and steel enterprise, subway and traction substation etc. is located.
(2) controllable series compensator (TCSC), be that compensation condenser is connected in ultra-high-tension power transmission line, and compensation condenser is parallel with the Xc device branch road of thyristor control.Technical performance is advanced, rapidly, continuously control circuit series compensation degree.Strengthen the stability of a system, improve the circuit conveying capacity, the flexible trend distributes, and suppresses subsynchronous resonance, and the Damping Power concussion, reduce short circuit current etc.Mainly be used on the transmission line of the above superhigh pressure of 220KV, long distance, heavy load.
(3) SVG Reactive Compensation Device.Be the state type reacance generator,, when load consumes perceptually when idle, control after testing SVG, make it produce the capacitive reactive power of equivalent, when load variations, the idle amount of SVG output is followed the tracks of and is changed, and the response time can reach 5ms, like this, just do not need electrical network to carry to load idle, grid loss is minimum, in addition, SVG can also carry out the multifunctional comprehensive compensation to power quality problems such as the harmonic wave of electrical network, imbalances, realizes the function of active harmonics (APF).Can say, SVG is desirable Reactive Compensation Device.This device is ripe in theory, and low capacity SVG device has generated the supply of material both at home and abroad, the complete supply of material 10KV that voltage is the highest in the world, capacity is maximum of China, 20Mvar SVG Reactive Compensation Device.But the core components and parts such as its power cell, control board are all external the introductions.Therefore, but being high-power high-frequency cut-off device (IGBT) production, the obstacle of promoting the use of SVG do not pass a test, and expensive.At present,, just at some emphasis, use in special item.
(4) SVC-TSC type---thyristor alternating-current non-contact electric switch on-off capacitor type Reactive Compensation Device.During switched capacitor, without inrush phenomenon, without switching overvoltage, compensation arrangement itself does not produce harmonic wave.Shortcoming is: reactive compensation capacity is regulated in classification; Dynamic response time is slower, and the response time is 20 ms left and right.But to accounting for general industry and the civilian electric substation required reactive-load dynamic compensation of national electric substation more than 70%, technical performance can meet the demands fully.
But at present domestic and international SVC-TSC type Reactive Compensation Device, use field only limit to use in low pressure (AC380/220V) low capacity (every loop 10 ~ 50KVar, every covering device 80 ~ 400 KVar) scope.One of the reason that can not promote the use of is that thyristor triggering impulse is controlled more complicated.The excursion of the trigger impulse pilot angle α of three-phase thyristor bridge inductor rectifier load is 0 ° ~ 90 °, the excursion of three-phase thyristor bridge rectification---inverter circuit trigger impulse pilot angle α be 0 ° ~ (180 °-β), wherein the β angle is the minimal reverse angle, and pulse duration is 60 ° (generally using dipulse).Thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor, the concrete angle value of trigger impulse pilot angle α, not explanation in university teaching " thyristor unsteady flow technology ", relevant publication is not introduced yet.In theory, the phase place of capacitance current is than being added on capacitor leading 90 ° of the phase place of voltage, and simultaneously, the characteristic of capacitor is to stop its terminal voltage to change, and works as voltage change ratio
The time, capacitance current is zero.During present thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor, the triggering and conducting method mainly contains following two kinds:
During the low pressure low capacity thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor that (1) uses now, it is all the both end voltage that detects thyristor anode and negative electrode, also voltage and line electricity pressure reduction on capacitor, triggering and conducting when the voltage difference zero passage, what have just utilizes voltage difference between anode and negative electrode, after diode was differentiated, the control utmost point that directly is connected to thyristor triggered thyristor.This kind triggering mode circuit is simple, but condenser current waveform jagged (3 ° ~ 5 ° discontinuous currents) has harmonic component, can not use on large electric current, high-tension thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch;
(2) also have now a kind of triggering mode, in advance to capacitor charging, after voltage on capacitor reaches maximum, detection line voltage also reach maximum (
) time triggering and conducting.
Triggering and conducting method during above two kinds of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitors, though also can reach while dropping into capacitor without inrush phenomenon, excision during capacitor without switching overvoltage, only need to cancel trigger impulse during the excision capacitor, current over-zero turn-offs naturally, but exists control precision inadequate, and current waveform is jagged, and it is more complicated to detect control, affects the security reliability problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that invention will solve
For overcoming in prior art, the control precision that SVC-TSC type Reactive Compensation Device trigger impulse control aspect exists is inadequate, current waveform is jagged and detection control is more complicated, affect the problems such as security reliability, trigger impulse safety, simple control method during a kind of thyristor noncontacting switch switched capacitor that patent of the present invention proposes, namely do not detect the thyristor both end voltage, do not charge to capacitor in advance, do not detect the rate of change of voltage waveform yet, but directly determine safe, the easy triggering and conducting method of the pilot angle α of trigger impulse.
Technical scheme
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is achieved by following technical solution.
During a kind of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor of the present invention, the triggering and conducting method, the steps include:
(1) regulate multiturn potentiometer on the trigger impulse plate, pilot angle α is transferred to: 180 °＜α＜270 °, and fixedly the value of pilot angle α is constant, wherein, the anode potential during the capacitance current conducting, higher than cathode potential, is provided by potentiometer;
(2) adjust the electric capacity in loop on the trigger impulse plate, make trigger pulse width be: 360 °-α, and fixedly trigger pulse width is constant, in all capacitance loop, 90 °, the phase place leading voltage phase place of capacitance current, trigger impulse is pre-existed, wait for the appearance of anode potential higher than cathode potential, then capacitance current is from zero level and smooth the rising.
Preferably, while regulating pilot angle α in described step (1) and be 180 °＜α＜270 °, be first pilot angle α to be transferred to littlely 180 ° than the end value of α, then with the synchro source signal inversion, namely the end value of controlled angle α is 180 °＜α＜270 °.
Preferably, in described step (1), pilot angle α is adjusted to: 200 °≤α≤220 °.
Operation principle:
All capacitance loop, 90 °, the phase place leading voltage phase place of capacitance current, as shown in Figure 2, wherein
I aWhen current waveform rises from zero forward, voltage
U aThe phase place of waveform is near 270 °, and namely the sense of current is opposite with voltage direction.According to the fundamental characteristics of thyristor, thyristor conductor condition: (1) anode potential is higher than cathode potential; (2) control the utmost point and have enough trigger currents, both indispensable one.I
aAnode potential during conducting (this anode potential is higher than cathode potential) is provided by potentiometer.The present invention is adjusted to 180 °＜α＜270 ° with pilot angle α, and trigger impulse is pre-existed, and waits for the appearance of anode potential higher than cathode potential, capacitance current I
aFrom zero level and smooth the rising, not there will be rush of current, and the degree of regulation of pilot angle α is less demanding, be convenient to regulate.Therefore, proved all that from theory into action this invention is safe and reliable.
Beneficial effect
The present invention compared with prior art, has following significant advantage:
(1) triggering and conducting method during a kind of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor of the present invention, do not need to detect the thyristor both end voltage, do not need to charge to capacitor in advance, do not need to detect the rate of change of voltage waveform yet, but directly determine the pilot angle α of trigger impulse, during switched capacitor, without inrush phenomenon, without switching overvoltage, compensation arrangement itself does not produce harmonic wave, control method is simple, and security reliability is good;
(2) triggering and conducting method during a kind of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor of the present invention by controlling trigger impulse pilot angle α is: 180 °＜α＜270 °, realize triggering and conducting, and control precision is high, and the current waveform non-notch;
(3) triggering and conducting method during a kind of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor of the present invention, to reducing grid loss, reduce voltage fluctuation, improve power grid quality, improve the aspects such as electric network security and have larger economic benefit and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switching reactive-load compensation capacitor main electrical scheme system diagram;
In Fig. 1:
aFor the Y wiring,
bFor delta connection, wherein: K-major loop switch; The RD-fast acting fuse; SCR-thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch; The L-reactor; The C-reactive-load compensation capacitor.
Fig. 2 adjust for by the Y wiring time A phase voltage, electric current and timing chart after the trigger impulse plate;
In Fig. 2:
U a-A phase voltage,
I a-A phase condenser current,
U g-A phase trigger impulse row.
Embodiment
For further understanding content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, in figure a, main electrical scheme system diagram for the thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switching reactive-load compensation capacitor of Y connection type, wherein, each connects major loop K switch, fast acting fuse RD, thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch SCR, reactor L and reactive-load compensation capacitor C mutually successively, and the two ends of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch SCR all are parallel with RC resistance-capacitance absorption loop; In figure b, main electrical scheme system diagram for the thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switching reactive-load compensation capacitor of delta connection form, wherein, each is fast acting fuse RD, thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch SCR mutually and reactive-load compensation capacitor C connects to form successively, and the two ends of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch SCR all are parallel with RC resistance-capacitance absorption loop.
When electrical network need to compensate capacitive reactive power, signal to the trigger impulse plate of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch through idle compensating control (claiming again power factor controller), pulse plate sends trigger impulse, thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch SCR conducting, reactive-load compensation capacitor C accesses electrical network, gives the electrical network capacitive reactive power; When electrical network need to reduce capacitive reactive power, idle compensating control, to the trigger impulse partitioned signal, was cancelled trigger impulse, and thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch SCR current over-zero turn-offs naturally, and reactive-load compensation capacitor C withdraws from electrical network.
Embodiment 1
idle compensating control and trigger impulse plate, there is the product of Multiple Type to select on market, the present embodiment is selected three-phase bridge fully controlled rectifier trigger board 6.0 type criteria triggers plates, triggering and conducting method during a kind of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor of the present embodiment, with the multiturn potentiometer on trigger board, detect by oscilloscope, pilot angle α is transferred to 210 °, specifically, first pilot angle α is transferred to 30 ° (210 °-180 °=30 °), be that controlled angle α is 210 ° again with the synchro source signal inversion, just immobilize, again the little electric capacity in loop on trigger board is suitably changed greatly, increase pulse duration to 150 ° (360 °-210 °=150 °), also immobilize.Therefore, it is very simple and reliable that control system becomes, and while dropping into capacitor, no current impacts.
The present embodiment is pressed the Y wiring, A phase voltage, electric current and timing chart after the trigger impulse plate of adjusting as shown in Figure 2, in figure: U
aFor A phase voltage, I
aFor A phase condenser current, U
gFor A phase trigger impulse row.Wherein, when pilot angle α=210 °, pulse duration is 360 °-210 °=150 °.As can be seen from Figure 2, after pulse is arranged, electric current I
aRise from 0, sinusoidal waveform is complete, level and smooth zero passage, non-notch and without harmonic wave.
Embodiment 2
Basic step is with embodiment 1, and different is to detect by oscilloscope, pilot angle α is transferred to 200 ° to immobilize, specifically, first pilot angle α is transferred to 20 ° (200 °-180 °=20 °), then with the synchro source signal inversion, is that controlled angle α is 200 °; Pulse duration is transferred to 160 °, also immobilizes.During thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor, after triggering and conducting, control precision is high, and while dropping into capacitor, no current impacts, and waveform is complete, level and smooth zero passage, non-notch and without harmonic wave.
Embodiment 3
Basic step is with embodiment 1, and different is to detect by oscilloscope, pilot angle α is transferred to 220 ° to immobilize, specifically, first pilot angle α is transferred to 40 ° (220 °-180 °=40 °), then with the synchro source signal inversion, is that controlled angle α is 220 °; Pulse duration is transferred to 140 °, also immobilizes.During thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor, after triggering and conducting, control precision is high, and while dropping into capacitor, no current impacts, and waveform is complete, level and smooth zero passage, non-notch and without harmonic wave.
Embodiment 4
Basic step is with embodiment 1, and different is to detect by oscilloscope, pilot angle α is transferred to 181 ° to immobilize, specifically, first pilot angle α is transferred to 1 ° (181 °-180 °=1 °), then with the synchro source signal inversion, is that controlled angle α is 181 °; Pulse duration is transferred to 175 °, also immobilizes.During thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor, after triggering and conducting, control precision is high, and while dropping into capacitor, no current impacts, and waveform is complete, level and smooth zero passage, non-notch and without harmonic wave.
Embodiment 5
Basic step is with embodiment 1, and different is to detect by oscilloscope, pilot angle α is transferred to 269 ° to immobilize, specifically, first pilot angle α is transferred to 89 ° (269 °-180 °=89 °), then with the synchro source signal inversion, is that controlled angle α is 269 °; Pulse duration is transferred to 95 °, also immobilizes.During thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor, after triggering and conducting, control precision is high, and while dropping into capacitor, no current impacts, and waveform is complete, level and smooth zero passage, non-notch and without harmonic wave.
Prove by experiment, change trigger impulse pilot angle α:
When 0 °＜α＜180 °, thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch SCR is burned, and fast acting fuse RD can not protect;
When 270 °＜α＜360 °, I
aJagged or the not conducting of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch SCR of current waveform.
Use the technology of the present invention, can produce the high-power Reactive Compensation Device of SVC-TSC type, during switched capacitor, without inrush phenomenon, without switching overvoltage, compensation arrangement itself does not produce harmonic wave, and control system is simple and reliable.The components and parts such as thyristor are all domestic, and cost is low, security of operation, and maintenance work is few, and loss own is less.Grading compensation, every level capacity 100 ~ 600KVar.Complete compensator capacity 1 ~ 50MVar, dynamic response time are 20ms.Can meet fully account for nationwide integrated power grid more than 70% general industry and civilian 10KV, 35KV, 110KV electric substation to the requirement of reactive-load dynamic compensation.After generally using, to reducing the aspects such as grid loss, minimizing voltage fluctuation, raising power grid quality, raising electric network security, will obtain larger economic benefit and social benefit.
Claims (3)
1. triggering and conducting method during a thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor, the steps include:
(1) regulate multiturn potentiometer on the trigger impulse plate, pilot angle α is transferred to: 180 °＜α＜270 °, and fixedly the value of pilot angle α is constant, and wherein, the anode potential during the capacitance current conducting is higher than cathode potential, and this anode potential is provided by potentiometer;
(2) adjust the electric capacity in loop on the trigger impulse plate, make trigger pulse width be: 360 °-α, and fixedly trigger pulse width is constant, in all capacitance loop, 90 °, the phase place leading voltage phase place of capacitance current, trigger impulse is pre-existed, wait for the appearance of anode potential higher than cathode potential, then capacitance current is from zero level and smooth the rising.
2. triggering and conducting method during a kind of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: while regulating pilot angle α in described step (1) and be 180 °＜α＜270 °, be first pilot angle α is transferred to less 180 ° than the end value of α, again that the synchronizing signal of AC power is anti-phase, namely the end value of controlled angle α is 180 °＜α＜270 °.
3. triggering and conducting method during a kind of thyristor alternating-current noncontacting switch switched capacitor according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), pilot angle α is adjusted to: 200 °≤α≤220 °.
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| CN103618321A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-05 | 青岛市恒顺电气股份有限公司 | Reactive compensating capacitor device |
| CN104052070A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-09-17 | 上海雷诺尔电力自动化有限公司 | Dynamic active filter compensation device |
| CN104600712A (en) * | 2014-12-14 | 2015-05-06 | 励春亚 | Step-down high-voltage TCR |
| CN106208815B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-09-21 | 柳州鹏达科技有限责任公司 | Noncontacting switch controls electric machine |
| CN106230346B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-09-21 | 柳州鹏达科技有限责任公司 | Noncontacting switch controls motor method |
| CN106169891B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-09-21 | 柳州鹏达科技有限责任公司 | Noncontacting switch controls motor circuit |
| CN114362083A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-15 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Structure and method for multiplexing functions of MMC (modular multilevel converter) type ice melting device |
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