CN202534936U - Lightning rod device for completely protecting from direct lightning flash on small-scale wind power farm - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a lightning rod device for completely protecting from direct lightning flash on a small-scale wind power farm. In view of current situations that increasingly widespread applied small-scale wind power generation devices have high lightning strike probability and weak lightning protection capability, the lightning rod device uses a conventional lightning rod device, and based on a modern lightning protection scheme of prevent lightning from wind turbine bodies, the lightning rod device for completely protecting from direct lightning flash on the small-scale wind power farm is used. The lightning rod device is characterized in that height of a configured lightning rod is 20%-60% higher than that calculated by a rolling ball method or a polygon method, but a limiting height is not more than 100m. The lightning rod has a composite structure, and can be installed on site and set independently. A rod body expands from small to big from top to bottom, and is separately connected by DN20-DN108 welded steel pipes with continuously increasing outer diameter tolerances. An upper steel pipe is inserted into a lower steel pipe which is one size up. At a certain distance, four positions are welded by phi 12 or phi 16 electric welding nails which are perpendicular in space passing though the pipes. At last, all rounds of all joint positions connecting the steel pipes are firmly lap welded.

Description

The arrester device that small-sized wind energy turbine set direct lightning strike protects fully

Technical field

The present invention relates to the direct lightning strike protection of outdoor renewable energy source apparatus, specifically, relate to the arrester device that the small-sized wind energy turbine set in river valley, mountain area and a kind of direct lightning strike of wind turbine generator thereof protect fully especially.

Background technology

The wind-powered electricity generation unit day and night is exposed among the atmospheric environment as towering outstanding generating object on the ground, and on the open wilderness, suffering direct stroke is " nothing to be surprised at ", the relative thunderbolt probability that has even up to 300%.When being struck by lightning, the huge energy that the discharge lightning current discharges will do great damage to blade, transmission device, a converting equipment, convertor assembly, electronic equipment and the calculating control system of wind-powered electricity generation unit, and to threatening near wind energy turbine set personnel component life.

Along with small-sized regenerative resource use in mountain area, vast rural area increasingly extensive, this destruction and threat, also as shade with, increase synchronously.And the lightning protection of current wind-powered electricity generation unit from the thinking auto levelizer, is all still continued to use traditional scheme, promptly at arresters such as the outstanding position installing of unit lightning rod, lighting proof strips

(as lightning rod etc. is installed at blade leaf tip setting-in rosette, blade surface embedded with metal guipure, at the crew compartment afterbody); Then at the inner installing of unit downlead conductor; Make lightning current when being struck by lightning through wind wheel blade root portion wheel hub, power transmission shaft and tower tube etc. finally leaks into the earth (see figure 1).

The lightning protection scheme of this " drawing wolf (thunder) enters the room ", the consequence of bringing is to be struck by lightning each time, all can be to constituting once threat by protected unit.Fact proved; Thunderbolt mechanism is very complicated; In a single day lightning current gets into fuselage, is can not circulate according to people's subjective intention, but can flows through wantonly through many approach at the bottom of cat head to the tower; The transient state current potential that is brought when lightning current is released is raised, electromagnetic induction and back flashover, will bring very big threat to unit electromechanical equipment and electronic installation and even personal safety.Moreover,, electronic equipment electric through fuselage and circuit, direct lightning strike electric wave also can be converted into thunder and lightning and invade ripple and get into ground converting equipment, control device, cause secondary thunderbolt, possibly bring disaster upon and whole electric power networks.

In addition; Lofty one by one wind-powered electricity generation unit of standing upright in the open-air wilderness when the wind and rain lightning accompanied by peals of thunder, is exactly many attracting thunder needles; Wind energy turbine set just might become thunder and lightning field this moment; Each unit utilizes self, each anti-top goes up way of thunder, also very easily " is defeated in detail " by God's thunder and lightning, can't ensure the safety of whole wind electric field equipment and person when thunder and lightning disaster weather.

For this reason, the present invention particularly uses more prevalent for wind power equipment; The increasingly extensive small-sized wind energy turbine set that distributes and small-sized wind-powered electricity generation unit wherein; Suffer the present situation a little less than torpedo plane is understood more and lightning protection capability relative thin from them, use traditional arrester device, serve the modern lightning protection scheme of " refusing thunder outside fuselage "; To small-sized wind energy turbine set and the wind-powered electricity generation unit thereof that very easily suffers direct lightning strike, and even the full-shield protection is carried out on ground.

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates to a kind of arrester device that small-sized wind energy turbine set and wind-powered electricity generation unit thereof protect direct lightning strike fully.Principle scheme according to " refusing thunder outside fuselage "; To the distinctive installation arrangement position of river valley, mountain area small-sized wind energy turbine set apoplexy group of motors; Adopting polygometry to calculate combines with graphing method; Utilization unit square scheme is provided with independent lightning rod, and the wind energy turbine set that unit is arranged row is divided several square shaped cells fritters; The central point of each unit square is exactly the lightning rod mounting points, and four units that its minimum altitude will guarantee to be in four jiaos of unit squares are within its complete shadow.On this basis; Use the outstanding construction in wilderness and draw the thunder effect theory; In coefficient is (1.2～1.6) scope, revise primary election lightning rod height, realize that the wind energy turbine set equivalence receives the complete shielding protection of direct lightning strike in the thunder area, and then reinforcement is the protection at center with the wind-powered electricity generation unit.Meteorological practice and theory all prove, the mouth of a gorge water surface of small hydropower station is especially constructed in the river valley, mountain area; " valley breeze " in vogue, be " valley wind " that the mountain valley blows to the hillside daytime, night is opposite; For the hillside blows to " mountain breeze " at the mouth of a valley,, consider that wind speed, wind direction change, the terrain environment characteristics so adopt of the middle-size and small-size wind-powered electricity generation machine of wind energy turbine set arranged (see figure 2) to row more; Particularly prevent wake effect, adjacent unit bay generally is selected in (5～7) d (d is a rotor diameter) scope.

The complete shielding protection of wind energy turbine set direct lightning strike; Can realize that to the wind energy turbine set that arbitrary wind-powered electricity generation unit is arranged row, all can therefrom mark off several is the center with the lightning rod through the setting and the coupling arrangement of lightning rod; The wind-powered electricity generation unit respectively occupies four jiaos square shaped cells (see figure 2); Each unit was with 1: 4 ratio installing lightning rod, and the unit number is 4n (n is an integer), and the lightning rod number is n; The unit number is 4n+1 (2,3), and the lightning rod number is n+1, and the lightning rod height is with polygometry primary election h _Min, consider that more outstanding construction draws the thunder effect in the wilderness, revise coefficient (1.2～1.6) scope in that to increase pin high,, the wind energy turbine set equivalence obtains complete shielding protection in receiving the thunder area, and and then the focused protection of reinforcement wind-powered electricity generation unit.

Be to adapt to that alpine terrain is complicated, the climate variability environment, strengthen the shielding protection effect to direct lightning strike, under ratio D/h＜(4～5) condition of lightning rod phase mutual edge distance and pin height, can realize Combined Protection, high lightning rod such as adjacent is formed " Gemini " to protect; Adjacently do not wait high lightning rod, form " mother and sons' seat " protection; Three lightning rods that become the tripartite balance of forces; Form " three constellations " protection; These " constellation formulas " protection; Can form some lightning protection escape ways with certain width and height in wind energy turbine set, setting up with the wind-powered electricity generation unit thus is the multiple three-dimensional protection system of direct lightning strike of protecting core, wind energy turbine set equivalence shielded fully by thunder ground and having the Combined Protection escape way.

The arrester device that a kind of small-sized wind energy turbine set direct lightning strike protects fully is characterized in that height has more 20%～60% than the computed altitude of rolling ball method, polygometry, but limit for height 100m; The lightning rod needle body is the each other connection of combination, and each needle body is independently installed, the lightning rod needle body for from top to bottom, from small to large; DN20～DN108 welded still pipe the merogenesis that adopts tolerance outer diameter to increase progressively continuously connects; Last joint steel pipe inserts the bigger steel pipe of joint down 370mm～530mm, and from apart from section header, promptly steel pipe begins overlapping some 50mm～60mm place and begins up and down; Every at a distance from 120mm～130mm; Adopt ф 12 or ф 16 electric welding nail, the each other vertical poling in space welds 4 places, the termination solid welding; Promptly the place's of welding weld seam A * B * H (length * wide * height) is not less than 30mm * 12mm * 8mm or 30mm * 16mm * 10mm, at last overlap joint around all linking steel tubes node places is welded (see Figure 14,15 and subordinate list).

Be convenience of calculation, false wind electric field wind-powered electricity generation unit model, specification and overall dimension all identical (reality also often belongs to this situation).In addition, consider that mostly the small-sized wind energy turbine set separate unit power of the assembling unit is below the 50KW, rotor diameter and pylon (bar) height is many, and the lightning rod design and installation highly all can not surpass 60-70m in 20m, so adopt long-term practice to verify reliable polygometry calculating.

1, unit height overall H calculates

H＝h ₁+d/2 (m)

In the formula: h ₁-wind-powered electricity generation set tower frame (bar) is (m) highly;

D-rotor diameter (m).

2, ask for the high H of unit plane protection diameter r _H

Adopt unit square mapping and calculations incorporated method, ask for the protection radius r on the high H of unit plane _HPromptly to arbitrary small-sized wind energy turbine set that row is arranged unit, all can therefrom mark off some is the center with the lightning rod, and four wind-powered electricity generation units account for 4 jiaos unit square (see figure 3).Each unit square was with 1: 4 ratio installing lightning rod.

$r_H=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{a^2+a^2}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}a\left(m\right)$

In the formula: a is a unit spacing, also is the length of side of unit square, generally selected a=(5～7) d.

Be stressed that the r that calculates by above-mentioned formula _HAlso must meet the additional requirement that direct lightning strike protects fully, i.e. lightning rod and unit tower bar minimum parallel spacing L _MinSatisfy the following formula condition:

r _H＞L _min＝L _A+5(m)

In the formula: L _ABe wind-powered electricity generation unit fuselage length (m);

5m is that lightning rod and unit requirement are at a distance of minimum range; Purpose is when lightning rod attracts direct attack thunder and lightning earial drainage; It produces electromagnetic induction, back flashover and ground connection high potential on protection unit and circuit thereof harm is limited within the safe range, thereby guarantees the safety of operations staff, wind-powered electricity generation unit, circuit network and power electronic device.

3, confirm lightning rod minimum requirements height h _Min

Adopt polygometry, the protection range of single lightning rod can be regarded a broken line conical (Fig. 3) as.Make 45 ° of oblique lines downwards from the summit of pin, constitute the conical first half; Intersect pin Senior Two/one from upwards make oblique line and last oblique line apart from 1.5 times of pin eminences of stitch, constitute conical Lower Half below the intersection point.Its ground protection radius r presses following formula and confirms:

r＝1.5h

If H >=h/2 has the experience formula:

$h_{\min }=\frac{r_H}{K}+H=\frac{\sqrt{2}a}{2K}+H\left(m\right)$

In the formula: h _Min-lightning rod primary election minimum altitude (m);

K-is a lightning rod effect of altitude coefficient, h＜30m, K=1; 30m＜h≤120m,

If H＜h/2 has the experience formula:

$h_{\min }=\frac{{2r}_H}{3K}+\frac{4}{3}H=\frac{\sqrt{2}a}{3K}\frac{4H}{3}\left(m\right)$

4, the wind energy turbine set equivalence receives the calculating of thunder area

As shown in Figure 5, the wind energy turbine set equivalence is calculated as follows by thunder area Se:

Se＝AB+2(A+B)R+πR ²(m ²)

In the formula: A, B are length and wide (m) of wind energy turbine set;

The R-wind energy turbine set effectively receives thunder width (m) because of what the unit height H was drawn the expansion of the every limit of thunder effect; When unit height H during less than 100m, its extension width

$R=\sqrt{H(200-H)}\left(m\right)$

(this formula is according to GB 50343-2004 " building electronic information shocking preventing technology standard " appendix A)

Can know that from above-mentioned Se formula the protection fully of direct lightning strike should receive thunder area 2 (A+B) R+ π R with expansion ²Be included within the shadow.

5, protection radius r in ground confirms, fully shielding protection ground protection primary election radius

r＝1.5h _min

Center with unit square is the center of circle, with r=1.5h _MinFor radius is drawn circle, every circle does not have crossing place with circle, promptly is not receive direct lightning strike shielding protection part, then should enlarge h, draws circle to amplify radius r=1.5h again, till not having blank space.According to lightning rod

The utilization repeatedly and the lightning protection of polygometry engineering calculation empirical equation are put into practice long-felt, h _MinIncrease coefficient and in 1.2～1.6 scopes, change, can reach the effect that wind energy turbine set shields fully.

6, the minimum protection of high lightning rod " Gemini " associating width b such as two _MinCalculate

The protection range of high lightning rods such as two is like Fig. 6,7, shown in 8.Two pins outside protection range is confirmed by single lightning rod; Protection range between two pins is confirmed by the circular arc that connects two pin summit A, B and mid point O.The height h that O is ordered _OConfirm by following empirical equation:

$h_o=h-\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="7K"\; label="D"\; filenames="DEST\_PATH\_HSB00000875290400021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}{7K}$

In the formula: D is the distance between two pins.

Half b of minimum protection width on the H horizontal plane between two pins _MinPressing following formula confirms:

b _min＝1.5(h _O-H)

When distance between two pins increases to D=7hK, h _O=0, do not constitute two Combined Protection.Generally speaking, distance should not be greater than 5 with the ratio D/h of pin height between two pins.

But must be noted that: 1) in the wind energy turbine set in many thunders, Gao Lei or strong thunder area, D/h should not be greater than 4;

2) b _MinMust not be greater than r _H

3) will bring into play two Combined Protection effects, even the protected object height is zero (like ground), the distance between two also must D＜7Kh

7, two are not waited high lightning rod " mother and sons' seat " Combined Protection minimum widith b _MinCalculate

Two protection range such as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10 that do not wait high lightning rod, its outside protection range is pressed single needle and is confirmed; Near low pin B one side, find out equivalent lightning rod summit A ' at principle of readjustment, restructuring, consolidation and improvement A with height such as B grade.Near the inboard principle of readjustment, restructuring, consolidation and improvement between A and the A ' protection range is also pressed single needle and is confirmed; Protection range between A ' and the B is confirmed by two lightning rods such as height such as grade, its minimal protection point height

$h_o=h_B-\frac{D^{,}}{7K}$

b _min＝1.5(h _O-H)

In the formula: h _BThe height of-low lightning rod;

Distance between D '-lightning rod and the equivalent lightning rod.

8, the calculating of three lightning rods " three constellations " Combined Protection scope

The protection ranges of high lightning rod on the H plane such as three are shown in figure 11.With three pins is that the triangle outside protection range on summit is still confirmed with two lightning rods by single; Its inboard protection range is then confirmed by two lightning rods.

Four and can be divided into high lightning rods such as two groups or several groups three, confirm by the protection range of high lightning rods such as three again with the protection range of first-class high lightning rod.

9, graphing method combines with computing method, draws wind energy turbine set direct lightning strike shielding protection sectional axonometric drawing

Use direct lightning strike protectiving scheme of the present invention and device, can make wind energy turbine set ground obtain shielding protection in full force and effect, make it that ground subsurface equipment, pipeline and circuit are unlikely to be received thunder and lightning invasion and attack and disturb.But in thunderstorm weather; People station is the electric equipment of resettlement mask certain altitude wherein or at ordinary times, their residing particular locations be protected degree very big-difference but arranged, this safety to wind energy turbine set operations staff and erection unit, circuit is most important; For this reason; Can draw some different spaces plane wind electric field direct lightning strike protective shielding sectional axonometric drawings, supply lightning protection, concrete visible instance 1 and 2 with reference to use.

The round steel of lightning rod lightning protection device and welded still pipe all should hot galvanizings; The material of lightning rod needle point, downlead and earthing device, making, installing and code requirement; All identical, as should to meet (GB50057-94) " Code for design of lightning protection of buildings ", (GB50007-2002) " Code for design of building ", (GBJ135-90) " GBJ135-90 ", (GB50343-2004) " building electronic information shocking preventing technology standard ", (GB50601-2010) " building lightning protection engineering construction and inspection of quality standard ", (GB50169-1992) " earthing device construction and acceptance specification " and [99D501-1], [99 (03) D501-1], [99 (07) D501-1] " installation of building lightning protection facility ", [03D501-4] " earthing device installation ", [86D565] electric device standards commonly used such as " independent lightning rods " fully and atlas is installed requirement with common lightning rod.

If consider night safe, need ligthing paraphernalias such as installing obstruction light, reliable power supply arranged, should adopt the control device of auto switching, like the photo-electric control that is parameter with outdoor natural environment illuminance.Be noted that especially that wherein lighting lamp power and control line must adopt armouring or lead-covered cable, or penetrate the lead of metal tube, and will directly imbed in the ground more than the 10m length, could allow to be connected with the ground network of 35K V and following power distribution equipment.As have ready conditions, can install and use the thunderbolt register by security regulations.Consider the weak and shortage of mountain area, rural area people's lightning protection idea and knowledge relative thin; Should receive place, thunder area limit to erect lightning protection, anti-electric security warning board at equivalence around the wind energy turbine set; And, raise apart from them at least outside the 3m scope with guarantor at lightning rod and the nonmetal fence of all earthing device places installing isolation.

Description of drawings

The remove heat by catharsis path of Fig. 1 direct lightning strike electric current at the bottom of from the unit cat head to tower

Among the figure: 1, control box on the tower; 2, motor casing; 3, lightning rod; 4, down conductor system; 5, tower tube mid point;

6, tower tube; 7, control cabinet under the tower; 8, tower socket joint ground connects; 9, earthing device; 10, transformer.

The small-sized wind energy turbine set apoplexy of Fig. 2 group of motors row is arranged (corresponding embodiment 1)

Fig. 3 list props up the protection range (corresponding embodiment 1) of lightning rod

Fig. 4 list props up the protection range X-X sectional view of lightning rod

Among the figure: a is a unit spacing; 1#, 2#, 5#, 6# are the wind-powered electricity generation unit.

The ground protection range of 1-

Protection range on the 2-H horizontal plane

The equivalence of Fig. 5 wind energy turbine set receives thunder area (corresponding embodiment 1)

Among the figure: O ₁, O ₂, O ₃And O ₄Be respectively 1#, 2#, 3# and 4# lightning rod mounting points

" Gemini " Combined Protection scope that high lightning rods such as two of Fig. 6 form

" Gemini " Combined Protection scope O-O cross section that high lightning rods such as two of Fig. 7 form

" Gemini " Combined Protection scope X-X cross section that high lightning rods such as two of Fig. 8 form

Two " mother and sons' seat " Combined Protection scopes that do not wait high lightning rod to form of Fig. 9

Two " mother and sons' seat " Combined Protection scope X-X cross sections of not waiting high lightning rod to form of Figure 10

" three constellations " Combined Protection scope that three lightning rods of Figure 11 form

The three-dimensional protection of Figure 12 wind energy turbine set direct lightning strike shields equivalent schematic (corresponding embodiment 1) fully

Among the figure: the protection of 1-wind energy turbine set direct lightning strike shields equivalent ground fully

2-wind energy turbine set equivalence receives the thunder area

The equivalent redius of 3-wind-powered electricity generation unit protection direct lightning strike

4-" Gemini " Combined Protection escape way

Long measure: m

The three-dimensional protection of Figure 13 wind energy turbine set and unit direct lightning strike thereof sketch map (corresponding embodiment 2)

Among the figure: the protection of 1-wind energy turbine set direct lightning strike shields equivalent ground fully

2-wind energy turbine set equivalence receives the thunder area

The equivalent redius of 3-wind-powered electricity generation unit protection direct lightning strike

4-1,4-2,4-3 are for being installed on O respectively ₁, O ₂And O ₃Place's lightning rod constitutes " escape way " of " three constellations " Combined Protection.

Corresponding embodiment 2

4-1：b＝39

4-2：b’＝37.5

4-3：b”＝35

r _O1＝70；r _O2＝76；r _O3＝76

r _H1＝39；r _H2＝41；r _H3＝41

R＝50

Long measure: m.

Figure 14 lightning rod length and each joint size combinations figure

Figure 15 lightning rod needle body joint means of spot welds sketch map

Figure 14 subordinate list lightning rod length respectively saves size with combination

Figure 15 subordinate list lightning rod needle body joint means of spot welds size table dimensional units: mm

Embodiment

[example 1] modern small-sized wind energy turbine set of row being arranged with unit shown in Figure 2 is an example, explains how to implement the complete shielding protection of direct lightning strike.

Known this wind energy turbine set is arranged row, and 16 10KW, FD 7-10K type wind-powered electricity generation unit are installed, and unit spacing is 5d, its direct lightning strike shielding protection conceptual design, calculating and confirm as follows:

1, confirms by protection unit limiting altitude H

H＝h ₁+d/2＝12+7/2＝15.5≈16(m)

In the formula: h ₁-wind-powered electricity generation unit tower height is looked into the FD7-10K product sample, h ₁=12m;

The d-rotor diameter, product sample checks in, d=7m,

2, confirm the protection radius r of H horizontal plane _H

By the square shaped cells imagination, 1#, 2#, 5#, 6# unit are divided into unit square among Fig. 2,

$r_H=\frac{\sqrt{2}a}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\&times;35\&ap;25\left(m\right)$

In the formula: a is the unit square length of side, to row arrangement pitches regulation, decides a=5d=35 (m) according to the wind-powered electricity generation unit

3, calculate lightning rod minimum altitude h _Min

The employing polygometry is calculated, earlier supposition

H >=h/2, empirical equation on probation

h _min＝25/K+H＝25+16＝41(m)

In the formula: K=1

Still adjust conversely with polygometry,

Because of h _Min=41＞2H=31 (m)

So it is all inapplicable with the formula of the COEFFICIENT K taked and employing to obtain the result, explanation will be taked the height coefficient

of 30m＜h≤120m to change another empirical equation of polygometry to do at present

r _H＝(1.5h-2H)K

$h=\frac{2}{3}(\frac{r_H}{K}+2H)=\frac{2}{3}(\frac{25\sqrt{h}}{5.5}+2H)$

$=\frac{500\sqrt{h}}{165}+\frac{62}{3}$

Separate this equation, get the lightning rod height

h _min≈40(m)

It is very close that two kinds of formula are calculated the result, explains that the data of using polygometry to calculate are reliable here.

4, the wind energy turbine set equivalence receives thunder area S _eCalculate

S _e＝AB+2(A+B)R+πR ²

＝9a ²+6a?R+πR ²

＝9×35×35+(35+35)×54+3.14×54 ²

≈42860(m ²)

In the formula: $R=\sqrt{H(200-H)}\&ap;54\left(m\right)$

5, ground protection radius r's confirms

Use graphing method, with the lightning rod height from h _Min=40 (m) increase to h=56 (m), reach wind energy turbine set equivalent area (42860m ²) to the purpose (seeing Figure 12) of the complete shielding protection of direct lightning strike.

It briefly is described below:

Can know the ground radius r ≈ 84 (m) of the complete shielding protection direct lightning strike of wind energy turbine set with graphing method.

Among the figure: O ₁Being the 1st square shaped cells center of circle, also is the mounting points of protection 1#, 2#, 5#, 6# unit lightning rod.Right-angled triangle O ₁A ₁B ₁For calculating the calculating △ of the complete shielding protection direct lightning strike of lightning rod, right-angle side A ₁O ₁=1/2a+1/2a=a=35 (m); A ₁B ₁=1/2a+R=35/2+54=71.5 (m) asks for the ground protection radius with this

$r=\sqrt{{35}^2+{71.5}^2}=\sqrt{6737.25}$

$\&ap;84\left(m\right)$

And r=1.5h

h＝r/1.5＝84/1.5≈56(m)

The present is adjusted complete shielding protection, links O ₁E extends to crossing equivalence and receives thunder arc point F then $O_{1}F=O_{1}E+\mathrm{EF}=\sqrt{{\left(\frac{a}{2}\right)}^2+{\left(\frac{a}{2}\right)}^2}+R=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}a+R$

$\&ap;24.85+54$

$\&ap;79\left(m\right)$ Be slightly less than r=84 (m), the shielding protection imagination is set up fully.

6, high half b of lightning rod Combined Protection minimum widith such as " Gemini " two _MinCalculate.

Suppose O point height h _oPressing following formula confirms:

$h_o=h-\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="7K"\; label="D"\; filenames="DEST\_PATH\_HSB00000875290400021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}{7K}=56-\frac{70}{7\&times;0.73}\&ap;42\left(m\right)$

In the formula: h _o-be hypothesis minimal protection height between two pins;

D=2 * 35 (m) are that two pin spacings leave,

The same coefficient of K-is got here $K=5.5/\sqrt{56}\&ap;5.5/7.5\&ap;0.73$

Half b of minimum protection width on high (promptly with height such as the unit grade) horizontal plane of H between two pins _MinFor

b _min＝1.5(h _o-H)

＝1.5(42-16)

＝39(m)

And increase to 56m from 40m at the lightning rod height, the high plane of H protection radius is also expanded as

r _H＝(1.5h-2H)K

＝(84-32)×0.73

＝38(m)

Be b _MinCompare r _HHave more the 1m place of safety.Do not look down upon this 1 meter, if the D value is higher value, then Δ b=b in allowed band _Min-r _HDifference can be bigger, explains that the effect of escape way multiple protective is more remarkable.

In other words; The unit of " Gemini " Combined Protection between crosspointer made up a wide escape way that reaches 2 * 39=78m, and it acts on wind direction and changes; The thunderstorm cloud layer becomes more important when changeable, and it provides the not multiple protective of homonymy position for the protection direct lightning strike.What is more important can see from Figure 12, and 16 units have obtained the multiple protective on a large scale that own center lightning rod and adjacent lightning rod form each other simultaneously, and its lightning protection coefficient of safety is very high.

[example 2] has the preceding flood land of a small hydropower station, built a small-sized wind energy turbine set, has 10 3000W, FD7-3000 type wind-powered electricity generation unit, arranges like Figure 13, modern calculating and the complete protectiving scheme of definite direct lightning strike.

Because small-sized wind energy turbine set unit separate unit power is less, locates the river valley beach again, still adopt comparatively the polygometry calculating and the mapping of mature and reliable.

1, the unit overall height H is calculated

H＝h ₁+d/2＝8+7/2＝11.5(m)

Be convenience of calculation, the H value is 12m.

In the formula: look into product sample h ₁With d respectively be 8 and 7 (m);

2, ask for unit height (12m) plane protection diameter r _H

Calculate the method that mapping combines according to aforementioned unit square and broken line, this routine unit is 4n+2=10, n=2, and the lightning rod radical can be confirmed as the n+1=3 root;

Contrast Figure 13, the lightning rod mounting points fixes on unit 1,4 line mid point O ₁2,3,5,6 unit square center O ₂With 7,8,9,10 unit square center O ₃The place.

In view of the above, can try to achieve 1#, 2# and 3# lightning conductor protection radius respectively

r _H1＝1/2a＝17.5≈18(m)

$r_{H2}={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="r\; H"\; filenames="DEST\_PATH\_HSB00000875290400041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_H=\sqrt{2}a/2=25\left(m\right)$

In the formula: a is the unit square length of side, also is unit spacing, a=5d=35 (m).

3, calculate lightning rod minimum altitude h _Min

Adopt polygometry, earlier supposition

H＞h _Min/ 2, COEFFICIENT K=1, empirical equation on probation

h _min＝25/K+H＝25+12＝37(m)

But known H=12m＜h _Min/ 2, calculate as follows so should change empirical equation in addition:

Because

r _H＝(1.5h-2H)K

$h_{\mathrm{Min}}=\frac{2}{3}\&CenterDot;\frac{r_H}{K}+\frac{4}{3}H$

In the formula: $K=5.5/\sqrt{h_{\mathrm{Min}}}$

Corresponding r _H1=18 (m), r _H2=r _H3=25 (m)

Separate and establish an equation

Can obtain

h _1min≈28(m)

h _2min＝h _3min＝33(m)

4, the wind energy turbine set equivalence receives the calculating of thunder extension width R

$R=\sqrt{H(200-H)}=\sqrt{12\&times;88}\&ap;50\left(m\right)$

(equivalence receives thunder area Se to calculate omission)

5, wind energy turbine set ground protection radius r's confirms

1) No. 1 lightning rod

According to trying to achieve h _Min=28 (m)

The ground protection radius

r＝1.5h＝1.5×28＝42(m)

But calculated by the thunder area by the wind energy turbine set equivalence and can know that the ground radius surface of shielding protection should be fully

$r_{O1}={\mathrm{MO}}_1=\sqrt{{\mathrm{KM}}^2+{{\mathrm{KO}}_1}^2}$

$=\sqrt{(\frac{a}{2}+R)2+{{\mathrm{KO}}_1}^2}=\sqrt{{67.5}^2+17.5^2}$

$\&ap;70\left(m\right)$

$h_1=\frac{70}{1.5}\&ap;47\left(m\right)$

$r_{H1}=(1.5-2H)5.5/\sqrt{h_1}$

$=(1.5\&times;47-2\&times;12)5.5/\sqrt{47}$

$=39\left(m\right)$

2) No. 2 lightning rods

Equally $r_{O2}={\mathrm{MO}}_2=\sqrt{{\mathrm{KM}}^2+{{\mathrm{KO}}_2}^2}$

$=\sqrt{4556.25+1225}$

$=\sqrt{5781.25}$

$\&ap;76\left(m\right)$

$h_2=\frac{76}{1.5}\&ap;51\left(m\right)$

$r_{H2}=(1.5h_2-2H)5.5/\sqrt{h_2}$

$=(1.5\&times;51-2\&times;12)5.5\sqrt{51}$

$=(76.5-24)5.5/7.14$

$=52.5\&times;0.78$

$=41\left(m\right)$

3) No. 3 lightning rods

r _O2＝r _O3＝76(m)

h ₃＝h ₂＝51(m)

r _H3＝41(m)

6, " Gemini " do not wait high half b of lightning rod Combined Protection minimum widith _MinCalculate

1) 1-2 lightning rod Combined Protection

Suppose O point height h _OPressing following formula confirms:

h _O＝h ₁-D’/7K＝47-48.5/7×0.8≈38(m)

In the formula: h ₁(47m)＜h ₂(51m), so get No. 1 lower lightning rod height h ₁

The asking for of D ' seen Fig. 9,10 and Figure 13, and D ' is the distance between the equivalent lightning rod that marks off in No. 1 lightning rod and No. 2 lightning rods;

D’＝D-A’C＝O ₁O ₂-AC

＝(KO ₁+KO ₂)-(h ₂-h ₁)

＝(35/2+35)-(51-47)

＝52.5-4

＝48.5(m)

$K=\frac{5.5}{\sqrt{h}}=\frac{5.5}{\sqrt{47}}$

$=0.8\left(m\right)$

Between two pins on the H upper level minimum protection width half do

b _min＝1.5(h _o-H)

＝1.5(38-12)

＝39(m)

2) high lightning rod " Gemini " Combined Protection such as be for 2-3 number

h _O’＝h ₃-D”/7K＝51-14≈37(m)

In the formula: D " be the distance between No. 3 lightning rods and No. 2 lightning rods;

D”＝O ₂O ₃

＝(2×35)

＝70(m)

$K=\frac{5.5}{\sqrt{51}}=0.77$

2, between No. 3 two pins on the H upper level minimum widith half the

b’ _min＝1.5(h _O’-H)

＝1.5(37-12)

＝37.5(m)

7, the calculating of " three constellations " Combined Protection

1,2, No. 3 lightning rods are except forming 1-2,2-3 " mother and sons' seat " and " Gemini " Combined Protection respectively, and the three can form " three constellations " Combined Protection jointly, and following interview is calculated as follows:

Mainly calculate the problem of 1-3 lightning rod Combined Protection at this,

h _O”＝h ₃-D”’/7K＝47-15.5≈35(m)

In the formula: D " '=O ₁O ₃-A ' C (referring to Fig. 9,10 and Figure 13)

$=\sqrt{O_2{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="O"\; filenames="DEST\_PATH\_HSB00000875290400041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">O</figure-callout>}}_3}^2+O_1{O_2}^2}-(h_3-h_1)$

$=\sqrt{{70}^2+52.52^2}-(51-47)$

$\&ap;69\left(m\right),$ It is the distance of 1 and No. 3 high lightning rod such as the interior hypothesis of lightning rod

$K=5.5/\sqrt{47}=0.81$

1, between No. 3 two pins on the H upper level minimum widith half the

b” _min＝1.5(h _O”-H)

＝1.5×(35-12)

≈35(m)

Claims (1)

1. the arrester device that small-sized wind energy turbine set direct lightning strike protects fully is characterized in that height has more 20%～60% than the computed altitude of rolling ball method, polygometry, but limit for height 100m; The lightning rod needle body is the each other connection of combination, and each needle body is independently installed, the lightning rod needle body for from top to bottom, from small to large; DN20～DN108 welded still pipe the merogenesis that adopts tolerance outer diameter to increase progressively continuously connects, on save steel pipe and insert the bigger steel pipe of joint down 370mm～530m m, from apart from section header, promptly steel pipe begins overlapping some 50mm～60mm and begins up and down; Every at a distance from 120mm～130mm; Adopt ф 12 or ф 16 electric welding nail, the each other vertical poling in space welds 4 places, the termination solid welding; Promptly weld the weld seam A * B of place * H; Promptly length * wide * height is not less than 30mm * 12mm * 8mm or 30mm * 16mm * 10mm, at last overlap joint around all linking steel tubes node places is welded.

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