CN202533076U

CN202533076U - Earth surface tilt monitor

Info

Publication number: CN202533076U
Application number: CN201120574472XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵文彬
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-12-26
Filing date: 2011-12-26
Publication date: 2012-11-14
Anticipated expiration: 2021-12-26

Abstract

The utility model relates to a teaching instrument, and particularly provides an earth surface tilt monitor which can be used to monitor earthquake utilizing earth surface changes. The earth surface tilt monitor is provided with a dial and a vertical hanging type pendulum bob pointer, and is changed from an existing horizontal pendulum tiltmeter which is provided a transversely placed pendulum bob and not provided with the dial. The earth surface tilt monitor is composed of a spherical-surface-shaped concave dial, the pendulum bob pointer, a support frame and a base seat. A concave of the spherical-surface-shaped dial is a dial surface. The radian of the dial surface is same as the radian when the pendulum bob pointer swings and offsets. Scale marks in the dial have two kinds, and one kind of the scale marks is used to indicate earth surface tilt degree with a plurality of horizontal annular rings, wherein the annular rings have the same circle center, and distances between each two annular rings are equal; and the other kind of scale marks is used to indicate the earth surface tilt degree with eight longitudinal lines, wherein the eight longitudinal lines divide the dial surface into eight equal portions and pass through the circle center of the spherical-surface-shaped concave dial surface. Once the earth surface tilts, no matter which direction the pendulum bob pointer tilts and offsets to, the pendulum bob pointer is enabled to move in parallel to the dial surface, corresponding scale marks can be pointed to, and therefore the earth surface tilt monitor brings convenience to observation and record for students, and error caused by vision is reduced.

Description

Face of land inclination monitor

Technical field:

The utility model relates to the student carries out the seismological observation activity, provide a kind of and utilize the face of land to change to come the instrument of monitor earthquake---face of land inclination monitor.

Background technology:

Carry out the monitor earthquake activity in school organization at present; Used instrument according in January, 1984 the Shanghai education publishing house publish provide in " Shanghai City primary school scientific and technological activities teaching reference " (378 pages) " method for making of horizontal pendulum tiltmeter; and homemade; it is to tie up to a small pendulum on support and the base with two hang springs up and down, studs with a small mirror in the side of small pendulum, when there is small skew on ground pendulum just with about the line of point of fixity be that rotating shaft is swung on surface level; according to swing big or small with from small mirror, reflect the different of scenery on every side, can know the degree of tilt of ground on a certain direction.The advantage of this device is the easy sensitivity that is easy to do also, but lacks the index dial that the accurate numerical value of usefulness is demarcated pendulum swing size.Especially have only indicator as one and do not have the table of dial plate.(deviser possibly also expect this problem at that time, just because this index dial can't be set) can't can only roughly be estimated with the size that writes down the pendulum wobble than accurate data during observation of students, is difficult to hold.The significant damage property of earthquake is on record, and carrying out the observation seismic activity is the major issue that Everybody is responsible, and the pupil is no exception, although be that the pupil measures and also necessarily requires accurately.Can not be careless, can make the student therefrom understand the knowledge of more relevant earthquake through this activity one, two can be beneficial to the cultivation student forms good persistence observation habit, and three can often remind the student that conscious enhancing safety prevents consciousness, are significant.

The utility model content:

The purpose of the utility model be for the student utilizing the face of land change the observation seismic activity provide a kind of have an index dial can accurately observe and write down the instrument that deformation takes place on the face of land, for monitoring with predict an earthquake reference information is provided.

The principle of the utility model institute foundation is: earthquake is that rock stratum under the effect of terrestrial stress, earth's crust rock stratum fold that bends deforms ground; It is extremely slow beginning; Increasing gradually along with terrestrial stress; Will rupture in the rock stratum, the generation earthquake that gives off energy, this earthquake more than 90 of percentage belong to this type of (the nine-year compulsory education six-year system nature teachers ' teaching that sees people education publishing house for details is with book second edition in the 11 154 pages April calendar year 2001)

According to above-mentioned principle, the utility model is to realize like this.Change the pendulum of original traverse the pendulum pointer of vertically depending into, the pendulum pointer is suspended on the accent pendulum screw at rack beam middle part with the silk thread rope.Whole device is by dome shape concave surface index dial. the pendulum pointer. and support and base four parts are formed.Below the pendulum pointer, be provided with a dome shape concave surface index dial, and make concave surface be card up.The sphere radian of dome shape concave surface index dial is identical with the radian that the pendulum pointer of suspention is moved when all directions squint, and makes the tip of pendulum pointer and card keep one millimeter spacing.To move with 1 millimeter spacing keeping parallelism all the time between the needle point that guarantees the pendulum pointer and the card.Wherein be provided with two kinds of scales in the dome shape concave surface index dial, a kind of is by a plurality of equidistant horizontal circular ring in the same center of circle (ring equates with distance between the ring) formation scale, is used to demarcate the degree of face of land inclination.Be that each ring is a scale.The establishment of scale size (ring is big or small with the equidistance between the ring) is according to being asserted " once " with the pairing arc length of angle once between the vertical normal with card of pendulum pointer.Another kind of scale was that eight warps are done in the card center of circle, the card eight equal parts of dome shape concave surface index dial, constituted the direction that the warp scale indicates the face of land to tilt.For making dome shape concave surface index dial can be fixed on the bracket base; Be provided with in dome shape concave surface index dial outer four symmetries the dish ear (with dome shape concave surface index dial be one), wherein the dish ear of two symmetries indicates " north " and " south " both direction respectively, respectively there is a small sircle hole at the dish ear center of all the other two symmetries; Successively dish ear, bracket upright post and the base of rack beam, dome shape concave surface index dial are linked together with screw then; Be provided with a rubber washer outside trying to get to the heart of a matter, make it stable, on each angle of base, be respectively equipped with four leveling serews; Adjust whole device and become horizontality, so just constituted the utility model.

Owing to adopt such scheme; During observation of students; No matter the pendulum pointer is to which direction skew; Can both indicate degree and the vergence direction that the face of land tilts exactly through the annular scale, be convenient to student's accurate recording, solve with eye and roughly estimated and can't come the difficult problem of observational record face of land inclined degree and direction with the Exact Number index dial.This apparatus structure is simple, is convenient to dismounting combination and accessory.

Description of drawings:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is done further explanation.

----Fig. 3 and Figure 11 in the accompanying drawing: Fig. 1, Figure 15 ratio is 1: 3

Fig. 4----Fig. 8 is 1: 1.5

Fig. 9 is 1: 0.25

Figure 12--Figure 14 and Figure 17---Figure 20 is 1: 1

Among Fig. 1: 1, dome shape concave surface index dial 2, rack beam 3, bracket upright post

4, transfer pendulum spiral shell 5, linkage levelling screw 6, leveling nut

7, pendulum pointer 8, rubber washer 9, base

10, bracket upright post suspension column screw 11, azimuth scale line 12, dish ear

13, horizontal circular ring scale mark (face of land degree of tilt)

Fig. 1 is the stereographic map of the utility model embodiment

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of (1) among Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is the cut-open view of (1) A----A among Fig. 1

Fig. 4 is the vertical view of (2) among Fig. 1

Fig. 5 is the cut-open view of Fig. 4 B---B

Fig. 6 is the front view of (3) among Fig. 1

Fig. 7 is the cut-open view of Fig. 6 C---C

Fig. 8 is the vertical view of Fig. 6

Fig. 9 is the sectional side elevation of (4) among Fig. 1

Figure 10 is the vertical view of (4) among Fig. 1

Figure 11 is the vertical view of (9) among Fig. 1

1 support fixed orifice, 2 leveling serew holes among Figure 11

Figure 12 is the front view of (5) among Fig. 1

Figure 13 is the sectional side elevation of (6) among Fig. 1

Figure 14 is the vertical view of (6) among Fig. 1

Figure 15 is the vertical view of (8) among Fig. 1

Figure 16 is the D---D cut-open view of Figure 15

Figure 17 is the front view of (7) among Fig. 1

Figure 18 is the side view of Figure 17

Figure 19 is the vertical view of Figure 17

Figure 20 is the upward view of (5) among Fig. 1

Embodiment:

In the embodiment of figure one, pendulum pointer 7 is suspended on the accent pendulum screw 4 at rack beam 2 middle parts by a rhizoid line.Transfer pendulum screw 4 inside to be provided with through wires hole, outer wall has screw buckle, can be screwed in the screw at precession rack beam 2 middle parts, can regulate the suitable distance between pendulum pointer 7 and the dome shape concave surface index dial 1 with this.Respectively there is a small sircle hole at the two ends of rack beam 2, successively rack beam 2, dome shape concave surface index dial dish ear 12 with holes are tightened on the top screw that is fixed on bracket upright post 3 with screw.The suspension column of bracket upright post 3 threaded buttons passes the bracket upright post fixed orifice of base 9, clamps base 9 up and down with bracket upright post suspension column screw 10 it is fixed.Put rubber washer 8 in the centre of base 9 well and hold trying to get to the heart of a matter of dome shape concave surface index dial 1, and adjust dome shape concave surface index dial and base 9 keeping parallelisms simultaneously.Leveling nut 6 is nuts that an inside and outside wall all has screw buckle, and its leveling screw that passes base 9 is fixed with screw.And then, so far constituted the utility model with in the linkage levelling screw 5 screw-in leveling nuts 6

During use 1, can this instrument be placed on an indoor fixing place.

2, adjustment transfers pendulum screw 4 to make the distance between pendulum pointer 7 and the dome shape concave surface index dial card make needle point near card, but does not contact.

3, regulating linkage levelling screw 5 overlaps the needle point of pendulum pointer 7 and the central point of dome shape concave surface index dial 1.

4, for preventing dust, can this instrument be covered with a cloche.

In case when the run-off the straight of ground, because the card scale is the horizontal circle ring-type, no matter pendulum pointer 7 is to which direction inclination and offset; All there is concrete scale; When being dome shape and sphere radian and pendulum beat of pointer skew because of card again, the radian that is become is consistent, so how the pendulum pointer squints all the time and the card keeping parallelism; Help observation of students, reduce the error that causes by vision.

Claims

1. face of land inclination monitor; It is the pendulum pointer that the pendulum of original traverse is changed into vertically depending; The pendulum pointer is suspended on the accent pendulum screw at rack beam middle part with the silk thread rope, and it is characterized in that: whole device is made up of dome shape concave surface index dial (1), pendulum pointer (7), support and base (9) four parts; Be provided with a dome shape concave surface index dial (1) in the below of pendulum pointer (7), and make concave surface be card up; The sphere radian of dome shape concave surface index dial (1) is identical with the radian that the pendulum pointer (7) of suspention is moved when all directions squint, and the spacing keeping parallelism with 1 millimeter is moved; Be provided with two kinds of scales in the dome shape concave surface index dial (1): a kind of scale (13) that is a plurality of equidistant horizontal circular ring by the same center of circle constitutes is used to demarcate the degree that the face of land tilts; Be that each ring is a scale; The establishment of scale size be according to the pairing arc length of angle once between the vertical normal of pendulum pointer (7) with card for once, another kind was that the direction that eight warps are indicated card eight equal parts formation warp scale (11) face of land inclination is done in dome shape concave surface index dial (1) the card center of circle; For dome shape concave surface index dial (1) can be fixed on support and the base (9); Be provided with the dish ear (12) of four symmetries in dome shape concave surface index dial (1) outer; Wherein the dish ear (12) of two symmetries indicates " north " and " south " both direction respectively; Respectively there is a small sircle hole at dish ear (12) center of all the other two symmetries and successively dish ear (12), bracket upright post (3) and the base (9) of rack beam (2), dome shape concave surface index dial (1) is linked together with screw, and the outside of trying to get to the heart of a matter is provided with a rubber washer; Each angle at base (9) is provided with leveling serew.