CN202505825U - Air cleaning device and plasma generator - Google Patents
Air cleaning device and plasma generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN202505825U CN202505825U CN2012201233433U CN201220123343U CN202505825U CN 202505825 U CN202505825 U CN 202505825U CN 2012201233433 U CN2012201233433 U CN 2012201233433U CN 201220123343 U CN201220123343 U CN 201220123343U CN 202505825 U CN202505825 U CN 202505825U
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- generating electrodes
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an air cleaning device and a plasma generator. The plasma generator comprises a power supply device used for producing negative high voltage and at least one plasma generator electrode. The plasma generator electrode comprises a metal wire and two metal plates of the same shape. Cross sections of the two metal plates are arc-shaped and evenly distributed on the circumference of a formed circle. The central angle of the cross sections of the two metal plates is 30 degrees to 90 degrees. An inner diameter of the cross section of each metal plate is 35 millimeters to 80 millimeters. The metal wire penetrates through the center of the circle and is vertical to the cross sections of the metal plates. The metal wire is connected with the output end of the power supply device, and the two metal plates are connected with the ground. The air cleaning device and the plasma generator can effectively dispose polluted air.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to field of gas treatment, relates in particular to a kind of air cleaner and plasma generator.
Background technology
The constantly progressive and city size extension along with human society; The large-scale production of modern industry and the variation of global climate; The air that the mankind depend on for existence is grown etc. by the pollution of various gases, antibacterial, virus, has seriously influenced and threatened human beings'health.
The factor that influences air quality mainly contains following several respects:
1, PM2.5 can suck suspended particulate substance, becomes one of arch-criminal of grey haze weather.According to media report, the PM2.5 concentration in the nearly all big or middle city of China is nearly all not up to standard.On November 23rd, 2011 " Southern City " [introduction] grey haze, dense fog, Li Shi, mad disease ... Everything; The air that is all be unable to do without all the time by us causes; Our air " disease ", seizing our health, and we can not leave it; Even a moment, the air that this kills;
2, modern industry is like the discharging of dusty gas in the large-scale production process such as metallurgy, chemical industry;
3, emission from vehicles, along with the fast rise of vehicle population per capita, serious day by day;
4, along with the height of urban life level, use daily chemical products to increase per capita, domestic pollution strengthens.
Therefore, air cleaning is a long-standing problem, and when in many enclosed spaces such as car, ship, office, residence, airborne vehicle and hospital, utilizing the air of recirculation, problem is especially serious.Though occurred the method for multiple processing room air now, these air cleaners can't be removed interior space pollutant efficiently.
The utility model content
The technical problem that this utility model will solve is, can not remove the defective of interior space pollutant efficiently to the above-mentioned air cleaner of prior art, and a kind of plasma generator is provided, and can handle contaminated air efficiently.
This utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopted: construct a kind of plasma generator; Comprise: the supply unit and at least one the plasma generating electrodes that are used to produce negative high voltage; Said plasma generating electrodes comprises tinsel and two metallic plates that shape is identical; The cross section of said two metallic plates is circular-arc, and is evenly distributed on the circumference of the circle that forms, and the central angle of the cross section of said two metallic plates is 30 °～90 °; The internal diameter of the cross section of said two metallic plates is 35mm～80mm; Said tinsel passes the center of circle of said circle and perpendicular to the cross section of said metallic plate, said tinsel connects the outfan of said supply unit, said two metallic plate ground connection.
In the described plasma generator of this utility model, the quantity of plasma generating electrodes is during more than or equal to two, and the distance of two adjacent plasma generating electrodes is less than or equal to two times of plasma generating electrodes length.
In the described plasma generator of this utility model, said plasma generator also comprises insulating and is used for the support of wires and two metallic plates.
In the described plasma generator of this utility model, said tinsel is nickel-cadmium silk or the wolfram steel silk that diameter is less than or equal to 1.5mm; And/or said metallic plate is a corrosion resistant plate.
In the described plasma generator of this utility model, the distance of two adjacent plasma generating electrodes equals the length of plasma generating electrodes.
This utility model is also constructed a kind of air cleaner, comprises housing, and housing is provided with air inlet and air outlet, also comprises above-described plasma generator in the said housing, and said plasma generator is arranged between air inlet and the air outlet.
In the described air cleaner of this utility model, said air cleaner also comprises the HEPA web plate that is arranged between air inlet and the said plasma generator.
In the described air cleaner of this utility model; Said air cleaner also comprises the photocatalyst web plate that is arranged on the application titanium deoxide catalyst between said plasma generator and the said air outlet, and is used to excite the ultraviolet lamp tube of titanium deoxide catalyst.
In the described air cleaner of this utility model, said air cleaner also comprises cold catalyst web plate and the nano-silver ionic web plate that is arranged between said plasma generator and the said air outlet.
In the described air cleaner of this utility model, said cold catalyst web plate and nano-silver ionic web plate unite two into one, and the carrier foam of cold catalyst web plate and nano-silver ionic web plate in opposite directions, and the coating of cold catalyst web plate and nano-silver ionic web plate is opposing.
In the described air cleaner of this utility model, said air cleaner also comprises the blower fan that is installed in the air outlet place.
Implement the technical scheme of this utility model, plasma generating electrodes type of being is cylindric, and the place, axle center is for connecting the tinsel of negative high voltage; Thereby formed high-pressure side, the side of type cylindric plasma generating electrodes is provided with two identical metallic plates of shape, these two metallic plate ground connection; Thereby form two low-pressure ends; So just guaranteed to equate in the distance of the point (circular arc place) of the point (circle centre position) on the tinsel on certain cross section to two metallic plates, and uniform distribution, thereby make high-pressure side to the low-pressure end balanced discharge; And, the central angle of the cross section of two metallic plates forms the ionosphere that is " 8 " font when being 30 °～90 °; Can handle contaminated air and kill bacteria, suppress virus, therefore, can purify air efficiently.
In addition, when the quantity of plasma generating electrodes during more than or equal to 2, and when the distance of two adjacent plasma generating electrodes is less than or equal to two times of plasma generating electrodes length; Space between the two adjacent electrodes can produce corona field, any contaminated air, and for example (like toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, TVOC etc.) are through corona field the time; Its strand all is opened; The highly active ozone and the anion that produce during with ionization react rapidly, make it oxidation removal.In corona field, antibacterial also is killed, and virus is effectively suppressed.
Description of drawings
To combine accompanying drawing and embodiment that this utility model is described further below, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of this utility model plasma generator embodiment one;
Fig. 2 is the profile of Fig. 1 ionic medium generating electrodes embodiment one;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the metallic plate embodiment one of Fig. 1 ionic medium generating electrodes;
Fig. 4 is the sketch map that this utility model plasma generating electrodes produces corona;
Fig. 5 is the front view of this utility model air cleaner embodiment one;
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of this utility model air cleaner embodiment one;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of HEPA web plate embodiment one in this utility model air cleaner;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of photocatalyst web plate embodiment one in this utility model air cleaner;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of photocatalyst web plate and ultraviolet lamp tube embodiment one in this utility model air cleaner;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of cold catalyst web plate and nanoscale ion web plate embodiment one in this utility model air cleaner.
The specific embodiment
In the sketch map of this utility model plasma generator embodiment one, this plasma generator comprises supply unit and three group R1, R2, R3, and wherein, supply unit can produce negative high voltage, for example negative 6000V～20000V.In conjunction with Fig. 1, each group comprise 3 plasma generating electrodes 10,10 '.In conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the plasma generating electrodes comprises tinsel 110, two metallic plates that shape is identical 121,122 and is used for wires 110 and the support of two metallic plates 121,122.The cross section of two metallic plates 121,122 is circular-arc; And be evenly distributed on the circumference of the circle that forms; The central angle of the cross section of two metallic plates 121,122 is 30 °～90 °; The internal diameter of the cross section of two metallic plates 121,122 is 35mm～80mm, tinsel 110 pass form the center of circle of circle and perpendicular to the cross section of metallic plate 121,122, the distance of two adjacent plasma generating electrodes of two adjacent groups (for example plasma generating electrodes 10,10 ') be less than or equal to plasma generating electrodes 10,10 ' two times of length; Tinsel 110 connects the outfan of said supply unit, two metallic plate 121,122 ground connection.
In addition, in conjunction with Fig. 2, support comprises left socle 130 and right support 140.Wherein, The material of left socle 130 can adopt insulated nylon; And this support 130 comprises the base 131 and cover plate 132 of stepped cylindrical, and wherein, stepped cylindrical base 131 comprises the first round platform portion and the second round platform portion 134; The external diameter of the first round platform portion is identical with the internal diameter size of metallic plate, and is connected through screw 139 and metallic plate 121.The external diameter of the second round platform portion 134 is used for the faradism of shielded metal plate 121,122 than the big 3-5mm of external diameter of metallic plate, and has the hole that is complementary with cover plate 132 at the center of the second round platform portion 134.Cover plate 132 centers have the through hole 137 that is used to wear high-voltage conducting wires 138, and for example, the diameter of through hole 137 is 4mm.This high-voltage conducting wires 138 is the outfan of supply unit.The center of the first round platform portion has the through hole 133 that cooperates with tinsel 110 external diameters; The diameter of through hole 133 is less than or equal to 1.5mm; And the upper end of the first round platform portion has the cavity 135 of installing connector 136, and in this cavity 135, high-voltage conducting wires 138 is connected with tinsel 110 through connector 136.The material of right support 140 adopts insulated nylon, and it comprises base 141, cover plate 142 and the screw rod 143 of stepped cylindrical.Stepped cylindrical base 141 comprises the first round platform portion and the second round platform portion, and the external diameter of the first round platform portion is identical with the internal diameter size of metallic plate, and is connected through screw 145 and metallic plate 121.The external diameter of the second round platform portion is used for the faradism of shielded metal plate than the big 3-5mm of external diameter of metallic plate, and has the hole that is complementary with cover plate 142 shapes at the center of the second round platform portion.The first round platform portion is provided with the cavity 147 that holds tinsel 110 and connector 146, and in this cavity 147, screw rod 143 is provided with the through hole 144 with tinsel external diameter close-fitting, and the diameter of this through hole 144 is less than or equal to 1.5mm.Screw rod 148 outer walls are provided with transverse groove 149.The position of adjustment screw rod 148 makes tinsel 110 stretching tightening.
This embodiment has adopted a type cylindric plasma generating electrodes, and wherein, the place, axle center is for connecting the tinsel of negative high voltage; Thereby formed high-pressure side; The side of the cylindric plasma generating electrodes of class is provided with two identical metallic plates of shape, these two metallic plate ground connection, thus form two low-pressure ends; So just guaranteed to equate in the distance of the point (circular arc place) of the point (circle centre position) on the tinsel on certain cross section to two metallic plates; And uniform distribution, thus make high-pressure side to the low-pressure end balanced discharge, and when the central angle of the cross section of two metallic plates is 30 °～90 °, form the ionosphere that is " 8 " font.And, in conjunction with Fig. 4, when two adjacent plasma generating electrodes 10,10 of two adjacent set ' distance when being less than or equal to two times of plasma generating electrodes length, the space between these two electrodes produces corona field.Any contaminated air, for example (like toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, TVOC etc.) when the corona field, its strand that all is opened, the highly active ozone and the anion that produce during with ionization react rapidly, make it oxidation removal.In corona field, antibacterial also is killed, and virus is effectively suppressed.
In the above-described embodiments, tinsel 110 preferred diameters are less than or equal to the noble metal such as NI-G tinsel or wolfram steel silk of 1.5mm.Metallic plate 121,122 preferred corrosion resistant plates.In addition, the distance of two adjacent plasma generating electrodes of two adjacent groups preferably equals the length of plasma generating electrodes, and at this moment, corona effects is best, can be used for destroy contaminants, kill bacteria, produces ozone and negative oxygen ion.
In this utility model air cleaner embodiment one; In conjunction with Fig. 5, Fig. 6; This air cleaner comprises housing; Housing is provided with air inlet and air outlet; Also be provided with in the housing successively HEPA (High efficiency particulate air Filter, the high efficiency particle air filter) web plate 20 arranged to air outlet from air inlet, plasma generating electrodes 10,10 ', photocatalyst web plate 30, ultraviolet lamp tube 40,40 ', photocatalyst web plate 30 ', the cold catalyst web plate 60 and nano-silver ionic web plate 70 and the blower fan 80 that unite two into one.Wherein, HEPA web plate 20, plasma generating electrodes 10,10 ', photocatalyst web plate 30, ultraviolet lamp tube 40,40 ', photocatalyst web plate 30 ', the cold catalyst web plate 60 that unites two into one and nano-silver ionic web plate 70, and blower fan 80 be fixed on inner walls or the outer wall through supporting frame, insulating support respectively.Blower fan 80 can be arranged on the air outlet place.In addition; This air cleaner also comprises power-supply system and control system; And; Power-supply system includes: 220V exchanges the transformator, the direct current 24V that become 24V (or 12V) direct current and doubly flows controller, the electronic power supply of 24V (or 12V), the 24V ballast that is pressurized to negative 6000V～20000, and this power-supply system can be fixed on inwall, outer wall or the base plate of housing.Control system is mainly used in the control of control plasma generating electrodes and nanometer uviol lamp.In this air cleaner, plasma generating electrodes 10,10 ' structure can be with reference to the description of the foregoing description, do not do at this and to give unnecessary details.Only explain below HEPA web plate 20, photocatalyst web plate 30, ultraviolet lamp tube 40,40 ', photocatalyst web plate 30 ', the cold catalyst web plate 60 that unites two into one and the structure of nano-silver ionic web plate 70.
In conjunction with Fig. 7, HEPA web plate 20 is made up of the drainage screen 220 that the folding inferior glass fibre membrane of frame 210 and folded front and back continuously constitutes, and this HEPA web plate mainly takes blocking effect to the particulate matter greater than 0.25 micron.
In conjunction with Fig. 8, this photocatalyst web plate 30 is made up of frame 310 and cellular aluminium base (or netted Ni-based) titanium dioxide net 320 (only having shown a part).Combine Fig. 9 again; Ultraviolet lamp tube 40,40 ' be arranged on two photocatalyst web plates 30,30 ' between; Two photocatalyst web plates 30,30 ' and ultraviolet lamp tube between distance be between the 50mm-200mm, two ultraviolet lamp tubes 40,40 ' the position press the width uniform distribution of photocatalyst web plate.The ultraviolet light pipe of direct current 24V (or 12V) nano wave length is used to excite titanium deoxide catalyst through one of the direct current trigger of configuration one drag two.The photocatalyst plate utilizes the characteristic of semiconductor of nano titanium oxide, under the specific band irradiation, produces photic electronics (e-) and hole (hvb+).Electronics and hole react through oxygen and the hydrone with the absorption of catalyst loose structure; Produce the free radical of greater activity; Thereby can decompose the hydro carbons Organic substance and become end-state CO2 and H2O, reach and remove the purpose of staining gas and microorganism, but the adsorption rate of gas; Photic electronics and hole generation, migration and factors such as compound and DESIGN OF REACTOR, efficient that all can the appreciable impact nano-photo catalytic.
In conjunction with Figure 10, because the carrier foam of cold catalyst web plate and nano-silver ionic web plate in opposite directions, coating is opposing; Therefore can two web plates be united two into one; Be arranged in the frame 520, the cold catalyst 510 of one side application is used to remove amounts of residual contamination do; Another side coating nano silver ion 610, antibacterial can reach 99.99%.In this embodiment, producing high energy electron through gas discharge bumps with airborne oxygen molecule and hydrone and makes it electrolysis or ionization, the formation non-plasma; And high mars free radical takes place and pollution is reacted; Make it oxidation removal, the maximum characteristics of this technology are can be efficiently, easily all contaminations is decomposed, and kill bacteria, suppresses virus; It is lost activity, but " patho-amine " treatment effect is remained to be observed.
Should be noted that; It more than is a specific embodiment of this utility model; In other embodiment of air cleaner, HEPA web plate 20, photocatalyst web plate 30, ultraviolet lamp tube 40,40 ', photocatalyst web plate 30 ', cold catalyst web plate 60, nano-silver ionic web plate 70 can carry out combination in any with the plasma generating electrodes.
In another embodiment, can remove blower fan, whole air cleaner is embedded in the airduct in the central air conditioner system, place in the airduct at return air inlet or air inlet place, utilize the ventilating system of central air-conditioning.
In another embodiment; Two air inlets and an air outlet can be set, and for example, the both sides of air cleaner are provided with an air inlet respectively; The centre is provided with an air outlet; At this moment, can each air inlet to set gradually between the air outlet HEPA web plate 20, plasma generating electrodes 10,10 ', photocatalyst web plate 30, ultraviolet lamp tube 40,40 ', photocatalyst web plate 30 ', the cold catalyst web plate 60 and the nano-silver ionic web plate 70 that unite two into one, this embodiment is doubled to air-polluting disposal ability; Therefore treatment effect is better, processing speed is faster, has satisfied indoor high-level demand.
In another embodiment; Can adjust HEPA web plate 20, plasma generating electrodes 10,10 ', photocatalyst web plate 30, ultraviolet lamp tube 40,40 ', photocatalyst web plate 30 ', the position of cold catalyst web plate 60 and nano-silver ionic web plate 70, blower fan 80; For example, from the air inlet to the air outlet, be disposed with HEPA web plate 20, plasma generating electrodes 10, photocatalyst web plate 30, ultraviolet lamp tube 40,40 ', photocatalyst web plate 30 ', plasma generating electrodes 10 ', cold catalyst web plate 60 and nano-silver ionic web plate 70, blower fan 80.Can shorten the space length of whole air cleaner like this, it is littler that it is taken up room.
In another embodiment; Can the photocatalyst plate 30,30 of straight plate shape ' make is cylindric, can improve the photocatalyst treatment effect like this this moment with ultraviolet lamp tube 40,40 ' be separately positioned in photocatalyst plate 30, the 30 ' cylinder; Simultaneously, further shorten the space of entire process system.
In another embodiment, the plasma generating electrodes also is not limited to 2, and the plasma electrode of any amount can be set according to the vertical height in air channel, and is for example that the plasma generating electrodes is vertically superposed, is full of the vertical height in air channel.In addition, also can photocatalyst plate cylindraceous is vertically superposed, be full of the vertical height in air channel, but maximum ground improves air-polluting treatment effect like this, makes minimum that whole air cleaner takes up space simultaneously.
In another embodiment of this utility model; Can the air inlet of air cleaner be arranged on the central authorities in whole air channel; Air inlet is set in air channel bottom, curved in two sides in air channel through 90 degree, with plane of air inlet on set out the air port; Two air-out can be set, also four sides air-out can be set.From the air inlet to the air outlet, be disposed with HEPA web plate 20, plasma generating electrodes 10,10 ', photocatalyst web plate 30, ultraviolet lamp tube 40,40 ', photocatalyst web plate 30 ', cold catalyst web plate 60 and nano-silver ionic web plate 70, blower fan 80.The wind area that looses like this is big, applicable to the big interior space, and combines indoor furred ceiling decoration, and is very attractive in appearance.
In another embodiment; The plasma generating electrodes also is not limited to 2, can one uses separately, and a plasma generating electrodes can form the ionosphere that is " 8 " font; Thereby can handle contaminated air and kill bacteria, suppress virus, to solve slight pollution and to reduce production costs.
The preferred embodiment that the above is merely this utility model is not limited to this utility model, and for a person skilled in the art, this utility model can have various changes and variation.All within the spirit and principle of this utility model, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the claim scope of this utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a plasma generator is characterized in that, comprising: the supply unit and at least one the plasma generating electrodes that are used to produce negative high voltage; Said plasma generating electrodes comprises tinsel and two metallic plates that shape is identical; The cross section of said two metallic plates is circular-arc, and is evenly distributed on the circumference of the circle that forms, and the central angle of the cross section of said two metallic plates is 30 °～90 °; The internal diameter of the cross section of said two metallic plates is 35mm～80mm; Said tinsel passes the center of circle of said circle and perpendicular to the cross section of said metallic plate, said tinsel connects the outfan of said supply unit, said two metallic plate ground connection.
2. plasma generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the quantity of plasma generating electrodes is during more than or equal to two, and the distance of two adjacent plasma generating electrodes is less than or equal to two times of plasma generating electrodes length.
3. plasma generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said plasma generator also comprises insulating and is used for the support of wires and two metallic plates.
4. plasma generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Said tinsel is nickel-cadmium silk or the wolfram steel silk that diameter is less than or equal to 1.5mm; And/or,
Said metallic plate is a corrosion resistant plate.
5. plasma generator according to claim 2 is characterized in that the distance of two adjacent plasma generating electrodes equals the length of plasma generating electrodes.
6. an air cleaner is characterized in that, comprises housing, and housing is provided with air inlet and air outlet, also comprises the described plasma generator of claim 1-5 in the said housing, and said plasma generator is arranged between air inlet and the air outlet.
7. air cleaner according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said air cleaner also comprises the HEPA web plate that is arranged between air inlet and the said plasma generator.
8. air cleaner according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; Said air cleaner also comprises the photocatalyst web plate that is arranged on the application titanium deoxide catalyst between said plasma generator and the said air outlet, and is used to excite the ultraviolet lamp tube of titanium deoxide catalyst.
9. air cleaner according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said air cleaner also comprises cold catalyst web plate and the nano-silver ionic web plate that is arranged between said plasma generator and the said air outlet.
10. air cleaner according to claim 6 is characterized in that said air cleaner also comprises the blower fan that is installed in the air outlet place.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012201233433U CN202505825U (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | Air cleaning device and plasma generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012201233433U CN202505825U (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | Air cleaning device and plasma generator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202505825U true CN202505825U (en) | 2012-10-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012201233433U Expired - Fee Related CN202505825U (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | Air cleaning device and plasma generator |
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| CN (1) | CN202505825U (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103007328A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-03 | 成都老肯科技股份有限公司 | Plasma air disinfection machine |
| WO2013143080A1 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-03 | 深圳上理工科技开发有限公司 | Air cleaning device and plasma generator |
| CN106142565A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-23 | 蒙泽喜 | A kind of safety intelligent type 3D printer based on Internet of Things |
| CN111649403A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-11 | 韦尔狄(广州)生物工程科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing ecological guest room |
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2012
- 2012-03-28 CN CN2012201233433U patent/CN202505825U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013143080A1 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-03 | 深圳上理工科技开发有限公司 | Air cleaning device and plasma generator |
| CN103007328A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-03 | 成都老肯科技股份有限公司 | Plasma air disinfection machine |
| CN106142565A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-23 | 蒙泽喜 | A kind of safety intelligent type 3D printer based on Internet of Things |
| CN111649403A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-11 | 韦尔狄(广州)生物工程科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing ecological guest room |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20121031 Termination date: 20170328 |