The ultra-thin condenser of sun power bar shaped directional light
Technical field
This
Utility modelRelate to technical field of solar utilization technique, particularly relate to a kind of optical devices that sunshine carried out optically focused.
Background technology
Sun power is a kind of regenerative resource of cleanliness without any pollution, and is inexhaustible; Fully development and use sun power not only can be practiced thrift exhausted day by day conventional energy resources; Alleviate severe shortage of resources problem, but also can reduce pollution, the human ecologic environment of depending on for existence of protection.
In numerous solar utilization techniques, the most common have solar energy power generating, solar energy thermal-power-generating, a solar water heater etc.At present, in solar energy power generating, most what adopt is the photovoltaic power generation technology of silicon cell, and silicon cell only will to arrive about 15% energy conversion of the sun power on ground be electric energy, the utilization ratio of sun power is overall still lower.
In the solar light-heat power-generation technology, mainly be earlier sunshine to be carried out optically focused, behind the high temperature, utilize its heat to generate electricity again in reaching.Comprise solar photovoltaic technology, present optically focused technology mainly contains two types of reflection concentration type and transmission-type optically focused.That reflection concentration type mainly contains is tower, dish formula, slot type and four kinds of forms of linear Fresnel.Transmission-type optically focused mainly adopts common arc surface lens and two kinds of forms of Fresnel Lenses.Therefore and sun power is the lower resource of a kind of energy density, and no matter require is reflection concentration type or transmission-type optically focused, all require with daylighting area be provided with bigger.And common arc surface lens be will do greatlyyer the time, and its technology cost will rise by straight line, and especially weight is too big, generally only use at special occasions such as astronomical telescopes.
When the area of Fresnel Lenses is done greatlyyer, also there are processing technology difficulty, the too high problem of cost.Fresnel Lenses also has bigger optical loss; Comprise reflection loss, absorption loss, manufacturability loss and structure loss; Wherein the manufacturability loss is the optical loss of the perfect lens profile being made amendment and causing the part divergence of beam to cause owing to the lens moulding, such as demoulding tapering, fillet etc.Structure loss is because the optical loss that the continuous sphere that Fresnel Lenses adopts the surface of discontinuity of prism unit composition to replace general lens causes the part divergence of beam to cause.For example, for plane Fresnel Lenses outwardly, because stupefied high meeting shield portions refracted ray makes and disperses since the second stupefied part transmitted light that just occurs.For plane Fresnel Lenses inwardly, when the focal length of lens during less than certain critical value, incident angle can not arrive in the focal spot scope of setting transmitted light and loses greater than its angle of total reflection on the outgoing interface.Simultaneously, the burnt footpath of Fresnel Lenses has than large space between lens and focal point than being controlled at usually between 0.8-1.4, thereby has strengthened the size of support or framework, thereby cost is raise.
Tank-type thermal power generation is to realize business-like solar heat power generation system the earliest.It adopts large-area groove type paraboloid catoptron that solar light focusing is reflexed on the heat collecting vacuum pipe.Through thermal barrier in managing water is heated into steam, in thermal cross over equipment, produces high pressure, superheated vapor simultaneously, send into then in the conventional steam turbine generator and generate electricity.But when adopting the slot type generating that sun power is carried out optically focused, heat collecting vacuum pipe can form on parabolic reflector and block shade, makes that some can not receive the optically focused radiation on the heat collecting vacuum pipe.The heat collecting vacuum pipe back of the body also can radiate part energy towards the one side of parabolic condenser.Because the heat collecting vacuum pipe pipeline is very long, makes energy loss bigger, and the running temperature of inner conduction oil heat-transfer working medium can only be reached about 400 ° of C, can only rest on middle thermophase, thereby limited the efficient that solar groove type heat is generated electricity.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming and defect that condensers such as above-mentioned arc surface lens, Fresnel Lenses and groove type paraboloid catoptron exist; The utility model provides a kind of sun power bar shaped directional light ultra-thin condenser; Can surperficial incident sunshine all be converted into optically focused light and not exist and block and shade; Do not reflect the manufacturability loss that stupefied fillet produces as Fresnel Lenses, the distance that optically focused radiation acceptance place and sunshine incident are accepted between the face is littler, and difficulty of processing reduces; The optically focused radiation power is high, helps forming higher optically focused temperature.
The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical matters adopted:
The utility model provides a kind of sun power bar shaped directional light ultra-thin condenser; Form by bar shaped convergent lens plate, bar shaped divergent lens plate, first reflecting body, i reflecting body, p reflecting body, framework; And be installed as one through frame fixation, the common plane of symmetry is arranged; First reflecting body, i reflecting body, the nested side that is installed in bar shaped divergent lens plate emergent ray of p reflecting body, wherein, 1 <i < p, i, p are positive integer;
Bar shaped convergent lens plate and bar shaped divergent lens plate are light transmissive material, like transparent glass, light-passing plastic etc.; Bar shaped convergent lens plate is the plane towards a side of solar incident ray, with convenient for cleaning, prevents to accumulate dust; Outgoing one side is provided with 2n bar shaped convergent lens, and wherein n is a positive integer; 2n and the corresponding bar shaped divergent lens of bar shaped convergent lens are set on the bar shaped divergent lens plate; The plane of symmetry is vertical with bar shaped convergent lens plate upper surface, and is parallel with the bearing of trend of bar shaped convergent lens.
The output reflection face is arranged on first reflecting body, output reflection face and normal reflection face are arranged on the i reflecting body, normal reflection face and optically focused delivery outlet are arranged on the p reflecting body; Angle between all output reflection faces, normal reflection face and the plane of symmetry is 45 °.
Each bar shaped convergent lens and corresponding strip divergent lens scioptics light path center line form one group and focus on relation; Width is the real focal line of the bar shaped convergent lens of d, overlaps with the empty focal line of bar shaped divergent lens on the bar shaped divergent lens plate; Perpendicular to the focusing through the bar shaped convergent lens of the solar incident ray of the top surface plane of bar shaped convergent lens plate, through the dispersing of bar shaped divergent lens, forming width is the lens light gathering parallel rays of w again, wherein, d>w>0; The lens light gathering parallel rays forms reflection ray through normal reflection face, forms optically focused output light through the output reflection face again, is exported by the optically focused delivery outlet on the p reflecting body; And the equidirectional propagation parallel of optically focused output light with solar incident ray;
Normal reflection face on the p beam reflexes to part lens light gathering parallel rays on the output reflection face of i reflecting body, and wherein i=p-1 forms optically focused output light; Part lens light gathering parallel rays by the i beam blocks through the reflection of normal reflection face on the i beam and the output reflection face on (i-1) reflecting body, forms optically focused output light; First reflecting body between a side of bar shaped divergent lens plate emergent ray and two groups of adjacent lens optically focused parallel rayss, the propagation of not blocking the lens light gathering parallel rays.Therefore, the condenser of this structure can all form the solar incident ray perpendicular to the top surface plane of bar shaped convergent lens plate optically focused output light, and not have light to be blocked.
Bar shaped convergent lens and bar shaped divergent lens adopt level and smooth cambered surface to make, and can not produce the manufacturability loss when making Fresnel Lenses, have reduced the difficulty of making, and have improved the transmitance of sunshine; The directional light concentration structure size of bar shaped convergent lens and the combination of bar shaped divergent lens is littler, and therefore this structure can reduce to form the bulk of lens light gathering parallel rays.
Each width is bar shaped convergent lens and the corresponding strip divergent lens of d, and the width of formation is the lens light gathering parallel rays of w, all the respectively corresponding normal reflection face of scioptics light path center line; The projection width of each normal reflection face on bar shaped divergent lens plate is w, and neighbor distance is d; The projection width of normal reflection face on the same reflecting body on the plane of symmetry is w, and neighbor distance is 0.
Wherein the projection of i output reflection face on bar shaped divergent lens plate of a side is adjacent and not overlapping at the plane of symmetry, and corresponding length is:
Wherein, i, m are positive integer,
The plane of symmetry wherein the overall width of n bar shaped convergent lens of a side be:
The plane of symmetry wherein the quantity of the bar shaped convergent lens of a side be:
From the minimum optically focused distance h of bar shaped convergent lens plate surface to optically focused delivery outlet be:
Wherein, f is the outside dimension between bar shaped convergent lens plate and the bar shaped divergent lens plate.H is much smaller than the overall width L of n bar shaped convergent lens.
When the width of 2n bar shaped convergent lens 12 was identical, the area of each bar shaped convergent lens 12 was identical, and that the corresponding optically focused output light 9 of formation has is identical, optically focused radiation intensity uniformly.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is: can surperficial incident sunshine all be converted into optically focused light; The optically focused zone is at the rear of condenser, and optically focused is exported light and equidirectional propagation parallel with solar incident ray, and the distance that optically focused output and sunshine incident are accepted between the face is littler; Difficulty of processing reduces; The optically focused radiation power is high, helps forming higher optically focused temperature, and the optically focused radiation profiles is even.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the cross-section structure and the part light path synoptic diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the cut-away section structure and the light path synoptic diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the cross-section structure size relationship synoptic diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 5 is the physical dimension and the optically focused principle schematic of the utility model.
Label declaration is following among the figure:
3-solar incident ray, 7-lens light gathering parallel rays, 8-reflection ray, 9-optically focused output light, 10-optically focused delivery outlet, 11-bar shaped convergent lens plate, 12-bar shaped convergent lens, 13-bar shaped divergent lens plate, 14-bar shaped divergent lens, 18-framework, the 19-plane of symmetry, 20-lens light path center line, 21-first reflecting body, 22-i reflecting body, 24-p reflecting body, 31-output reflection face, 42-normal reflection face.
Embodiment
Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2; The utility model provides a kind of sun power bar shaped directional light ultra-thin condenser; Form by bar shaped convergent lens plate 11, bar shaped divergent lens plate 13, first reflecting body 21, i reflecting body 22, p reflecting body 24, framework 18; And be one through framework 18 fixed installation, the common plane of symmetry 19 is arranged; First reflecting body 21, i reflecting body 22, p reflecting body 24 nested sides that are installed in bar shaped divergent lens plate 13 emergent raies, wherein, 1 <i < p, i, p are positive integer;
Bar shaped convergent lens plate 11 is a light transmissive material with bar shaped divergent lens plate 13, like transparent glass, light-passing plastic etc.; Bar shaped convergent lens plate 11 is the plane towards a side of solar incident ray 3, with convenient for cleaning, prevents to accumulate dust; Outgoing one side is provided with 2n bar shaped convergent lens 12, and wherein n is a positive integer; 2n and bar shaped convergent lens 12 corresponding bar shaped divergent lenses 14 are set on the bar shaped divergent lens plate 13; The plane of symmetry 19 is vertical with bar shaped convergent lens plate 11 upper surfaces, and is parallel with the bearing of trend of bar shaped convergent lens 12.
As shown in Figure 3, having on first reflecting body 21 to have on output reflection face 31, the i reflecting bodys 22 has normal reflection face 42 and optically focused delivery outlet 10 on output reflection face 31 and normal reflection face 42, the p reflecting bodys 24; Angle between all output reflection faces 31, normal reflection face 42 and the plane of symmetry 19 is 45 ° of ∠.
Each bar shaped convergent lens 12 forms one group with corresponding strip divergent lens 14 scioptics light path center lines 20 and focuses on relation; Width is the real focal line of the bar shaped convergent lens 12 of d, overlaps with the empty focal line of bar shaped divergent lens 14 on the bar shaped divergent lens plate 13; Perpendicular to the focusing through bar shaped convergent lenses 12 of the solar incident ray 3 of the top surface plane of bar shaped convergent lens plate 11, through the dispersing of bar shaped divergent lens 14, forming width is the lens light gathering parallel rays 7 of w again, wherein, d>w>0; Lens light gathering parallel rays 7 forms reflection ray 8 through normal reflection face 42, forms optically focused output light 9 through output reflection face 31 again, by 10 outputs of the optically focused delivery outlet on the p beam 24; Optically focused output light 9 and solar incident ray 3 parallel and equidirectional propagation;
Normal reflection face 42 on the p reflecting body 24 reflexes to part lens light gathering parallel rays 7 on the output reflection face 31 of i reflecting body 22, and wherein i=p-1 forms optically focused output light 9; Part lens light gathering parallel rays 7 by i reflecting body 22 blocks through the reflection of the output reflection face 31 on the normal reflection face on the i reflecting body 22 42 and (i-1) reflecting body 22, forms optically focused output light 9; First reflecting body 21 between a side of bar shaped divergent lens plate 13 emergent raies and two groups of adjacent lens optically focused parallel rayss 7, the propagation of not blocking lens light gathering parallel rays 7.Therefore, the condenser of this structure can all form the solar incident ray 3 perpendicular to the top surface plane of bar shaped convergent lens plate 11 optically focused output light 9, and not have light to be blocked.
As shown in Figure 3, bar shaped convergent lens 12 adopts level and smooth cambered surface to make with bar shaped divergent lens 14, can not produce the manufacturability loss when making Fresnel Lenses, has reduced the difficulty of making, and has improved the transmitance of sunshine; Bar shaped convergent lens 12 is littler with the directional light concentration structure size of bar shaped divergent lens 14 combinations, and therefore this structure can reduce to form the bulk of lens light gathering parallel rays 7.
Like Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, each width is the bar shaped convergent lens 12 and corresponding strip divergent lens 14 of d, and the width of formation is the lens light gathering parallel rays 7 of w, all scioptics light path center line 20 respectively corresponding normal reflection faces 42; The projection width of each normal reflection face 42 on bar shaped divergent lens plate 13 is w, and neighbor distance is d; The projection width of normal reflection face 42 on the plane of symmetry 19 on the same reflecting body is w, and neighbor distance is 0.
As shown in Figure 4, wherein the projection of i output reflection face 31 on bar shaped divergent lens plate 13 of a side is adjacent and not overlapping at the plane of symmetry 19, and corresponding length is X
i
Wherein, i, m are positive integer,
The plane of symmetry 19 wherein the overall width of n bar shaped convergent lens 12 of a side be:
The plane of symmetry 19 wherein the quantity of the bar shaped convergent lens 12 of a side be:
As shown in Figure 5, the utility model provides a kind of sun power bar shaped directional light ultra-thin condenser, from the minimum optically focused distance h of bar shaped convergent lens plate 11 surfaces to optically focused delivery outlet 10 is:
Wherein, f is the outside dimension of 13 of bar shaped convergent lens plate 11 and bar shaped divergent lens plates.
Work as d=40mm, w=8mm, during f=50mm, calculate according to above-mentioned formula:
Be m=1 or m=2.
When m=1,
i |
X |
L |
n |
h |
h/L |
1 |
8 |
40 |
1 |
58 |
1.45 |
2 |
32 |
200 |
5 |
90 |
0.45 |
3 |
160 |
1000 |
25 |
250 |
0.25 |
4 |
800 |
5000 |
125 |
1050 |
0.21 |
5 |
4000 |
25000 |
625 |
5050 |
0.20 |
6 |
20000 |
125000 |
3125 |
25050 |
0.20 |
When m=2,
i |
X |
L |
n |
h |
h/L |
1 |
16 |
80 |
2 |
66 |
0.83 |
2 |
64 |
400 |
10 |
130 |
0.33 |
3 |
320 |
2000 |
50 |
450 |
0.23 |
4 |
1600 |
10000 |
250 |
2050 |
0.21 |
5 |
8000 |
50000 |
1250 |
10050 |
0.20 |
6 |
40000 |
250000 |
6250 |
50050 |
0.20 |
Can find out by last table result of calculation; The minimum optically focused distance h and the plane of symmetry 19 wherein ratio of the overall width L of n bar shaped convergent lens 12 of a side are less; Distance between optically focused delivery outlet 10 and bar shaped convergent lens plate 11 surfaces is very little, much smaller than the common burnt footpath of common Fresnel Lenses than 0.8-1.4.
As shown in Figure 5, can know with optical knowledge that by how much when the width of 2n bar shaped convergent lens 12 was identical, the area of each bar shaped convergent lens 12 was identical, the corresponding optically focused of formation is exported light 9 and is had identical, uniform optically focused radiation intensity.