Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger, and it is applicable in the vehicle environment and uses.
According to this novel one side, a kind of vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger is provided.This vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger comprises: power transfer module (110), and it is the power transfer module of DC-DC; Discharge and recharge control module (130), it is coupled to said power transfer module (110), discharges and recharges through the voltage and current of battery pack is sampled to control; And master cpu (120), it is coupled to the said control module (130) that discharges and recharges, and through communicating the parameter that obtains battery pack with battery pack, according to the parameter of said battery pack battery pack is managed.
According to this novel a kind of vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger that provides on the other hand, said power transfer module (110) is the power transfer module that locomotive initial input direct voltage is converted into the direct voltage of first setting voltage value lower than said locomotive initial input dc voltage value.
According to this novel a kind of vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger that provides on the other hand, the said control module (130) that discharges and recharges is that a single channel discharges and recharges control module.
According to this novel a kind of vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger that provides on the other hand, the said control module (130) that discharges and recharges comprises charging module (300), discharge module (400) and button display module (220).
According to this novel a kind of vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger that provides on the other hand, said charging module (300) comprises the DC-DC module (310) that the direct voltage of said first setting voltage value is converted into the direct voltage of second setting voltage value lower than said first setting voltage value.
According to this novel a kind of vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger that provides on the other hand, said button display module (220) comprises the red light emitting diodes that is used to show said vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger state.
According to this novel a kind of vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger that provides on the other hand, the input of said power transfer module (110) is provided with DC wave filter, magnet ring, piezo-resistance and transient voltage and suppresses diode.
According to this novel a kind of vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger that provides on the other hand, the housing of said vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger (180) is an enclosed construction.
According to this novel a kind of vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger that provides on the other hand, be provided with at least one heat abstractor at the top panel and/or the side panel of housing (180).
According to this novel a kind of vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger that provides on the other hand, vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger comprises the EEPROM that is used to store said battery pack parameter.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following advantage: on power supply, select for use a kind of power supply of input direct voltage to supply power, to adapt to the DC power supply in the vehicle environment to charger.
In addition; Because there are violent vibrations in locomotive in traveling process; Battery and charger contacts bad contacts meeting the work of charger produced influence greatly, and the utility model adopts the mode of battery compartment with lock to reduce the influence of the environment of vibrations to the operate as normal of charger; Use EEPROM to solve charger because the problem that unexpected power down charger state changes; Increased the electromagnetic compatibility measure to adapt to vehicle environment, the work of assurance onboard charger does not receive the interference of other mobile unit, does not influence the operate as normal of other mobile units simultaneously yet; Charger adopts the housing of enclosed construction, and the top panel and/or the side panel of housing are provided with at least one heat abstractor, make the utility model more be applicable in the vehicle environment.
Further feature of the utility model and advantage will be set forth in specification subsequently, and, partly from specification, become obvious, perhaps understand through implementing the utility model.The purpose of the utility model can realize through the structure that in specification, claims and accompanying drawing, is particularly pointed out and obtain with other advantages.
Though will combine certain exemplary enforcement and method for using to describe the utility model hereinafter, those skilled in the art are to be understood that to not being intended to the utility model are limited to these embodiment.Otherwise, be intended to cover the spirit and interior all substitutes, correction and the equivalent of scope that are included in the defined the utility model of appending claims.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the utility model is clearer, the utility model is done to specify further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Below will combine accompanying drawing and embodiment to specify the execution mode of the utility model, how the application technology means solve technical problem to the utility model whereby, and the implementation procedure of reaching technique effect can make much of and implement according to this.Need to prove that only otherwise constitute conflict, each embodiment in the utility model and each characteristic among each embodiment can mutually combine, formed technical scheme is all within the protection range of the utility model.
First embodiment
Fig. 1 is the system configuration sketch map according to the vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger (abbreviation charger) of the utility model first embodiment.As shown in Figure 1, charger comprises: power transfer module 110, master cpu 120, discharge and recharge control module 130.Next, with being elaborated with regard to each module that charger comprised and the function that possesses thereof respectively.
In this embodiment; Power transfer module 110; The one of which end is coupled to the input power supply; It is DC-DC power supply modular converter (being called for short the DC-DC module); Be used for locomotive initial input direct voltage (following is that 110V is that example describes with locomotive initial input dc voltage value) is converted to the direct voltage of first setting voltage value that is lower than locomotive initial input dc voltage value (following equal 13.8V be that example describes) with first setting voltage value, to master cpu 120 with discharge and recharge control module 130 power supplies; Discharge and recharge control module 130, it is coupled to said power transfer module 110, discharges and recharges through the voltage and current of battery pack is sampled to control; Master cpu 120, it is coupled to and discharges and recharges control module 130, through communicating the parameter of obtaining battery pack with battery pack, according to the parameter of battery pack battery pack is managed.
Need to prove; Master cpu 120 communicates through adopting communication protocol (like the HDQ16 agreement) and battery pack; To obtain the parameter of battery pack, according to the battery pack parameter that obtains battery pack is managed, if master cpu 120 and battery pack generation communication failure; Then master control CUP120 stops using charger through instruction, does not carry out any charge and discharge operation.Wherein, the parameter of battery pack comprises battery voltage, residual capacity, charging and discharging currents, battery pack temperature, cycle-index, rated capacity, build date, sequence number etc., and the parameter of battery pack is stored in the memory cell of master cpu 120 inside.
Need to prove that charger can cause resetting of charger operation when unexpected power down, thereby upset the operating state of original charger, possibly cause the battery power discharge that was full of originally or charging behind the service restoration, influence normal charge and discharge operation.In the present embodiment; Preferably use EEPROM (being called for short E2PROM) the storage battery group parameter of plug and play; Time recording charger work at present state judges whether to recover battery pack operating state before through content recorded among comparison battery pack numbering and the E2PROM behind service restoration.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that discharges and recharges control module according to the vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger of the utility model first embodiment.As shown in Figure 2, discharging and recharging control module 130 is a single channel charge-discharge modules, comprises charging module 300, discharge module 400 and button display module 220.Charging module 300 is coupled to battery pack, is used for the battery pack control of charging.Discharge module 400 also is coupled to battery pack, is used for the battery pack control of discharging.Button display module 220, the parameter of the battery pack that it is used to show that master cpu 120 is obtained.
Button display module 220 is used to show the parameter of battery pack, and particularly, the LCD LCDs is adopted in the display part of button display module 220, and when charger powered on, the LCD of button display module 220 lighted, and was used for indicating as power supply; When charger in when work, show the parameter of battery pack through the LCD LCDs, displaying contents comprises: battery voltage, residual capacity, charging and discharging currents, battery pack temperature, cycle-index, rated capacity, build date, sequence number etc.; When the LCD LCDs does not have demonstration, shows " unusually " or shows mess code, then show battery charger failure.
Button display module 220 also is provided with the auxiliary demonstration of an emitting red light diode LED as the charger state: when battery pack is in charged state, be flicker slowly;, battery pack is fast flicker when being in discharge condition, bright for length when battery pack is in full state.A battery pack type selection key is set in the button display module 220 of charger, realizes that through selection key charging is perhaps charged to the ickel-cadmium cell group to the lithium ion battery group.
Please continue with reference to figure 2; Charging module 300 comprises DC-DC module 310; It is used for the direct voltage that output dc voltage 13.8V with DC-DC module 110 converts another second setting voltage value that is lower than 13.8V (first setting voltage value) (following equal 5V with second setting voltage value be that example describes) into, is used for to charging module 300 and discharge module 400 power supplies; Charging management chip 320 is used for the voltage and the electric current of battery pack are sampled, with discharging and recharging of monitoring and control battery pack.
Need to prove that it is 2A that present embodiment when charging adopted the charging current of constant current charge, so the charging circuit operating current also is 2A, then the power output of DC-DC module 110 is at least 13.8V * 2A=27.6W.
Charging management chip 320 can be monitored charging voltage through the sampled voltage of battery pack, monitors charging current through the sample rate current of battery pack, and accomplishes the charging of battery pack automatically according to preset flow process.
Fig. 3 is the charging flow sketch map of charging management chip.With the BQ2000 chip is example, is elaborated with reference to figure 3 below.
Step 310, the charging before charging management chip 320 detect, if detect charging management chip 320 be in power on, battery is changed, battery electric quantity drops to arbitrary states such as a certain set point, then gets into step 320.
Step 320 is carried out initialization to charging management chip 320.
Step 330, the sampled voltage of judgement battery pack (that is, the BAT pin voltage of BQ2000) whether less than 950mV,, then carry out trickle charge if less than 950mV, otherwise get into step 340.
Particularly; BAT pin voltage value through detecting BQ2000 judges whether to get into charged state; If the BAT pin voltage is lower than internal threshold voltage (950mV); Then BQ2000 gets into not charged state, and battery pack possibly be in capacity and exhaust, damages or the charging pending status of short circuit, then through being that 1 second trickle pulse attempts waking up the battery pack that capacity exhausts in the MOD of the BQ2000 chip pin output cycle.
Need to prove that this step is an optional step, can not carry out the direct step 340 that gets into of step 330 and operate.
Whether step 340, the sampled voltage (that is, the BAT pin voltage of BQ2000) of judging battery pack less than 2V, if less than then getting into step 350, otherwise gets into step 360.
Need to prove; The charging modes of the battery pack of chemical structures is different, and in the charging starting stage, BQ2000 detects the chemical constitution of battery through the sampled voltage of monitor battery pack; When the BAT of BQ2000 pin voltage during less than 2V, then battery pack is a nickel-cadmium cell; When the BAT of BQ2000 pin voltage during more than or equal to 2V, then battery pack is a lithium ion battery.When confirming the chemical constitution of battery, promptly confirmed to meet the charge control method of battery pack.
Particularly; Be provided with to the charging of lithium ion battery group or to the charging of ickel-cadmium cell group through the potential-divider network wire jumper that BQ2000 chip BAT pin is set, present embodiment is realized the potential-divider network wire jumper setting of BAT pin according to the battery pack type selection key that is provided with in the button display module 220 of charger.
Step 350 is carried out constant current charge to battery pack, gets into step 370 then.
Step 360 is carried out constant current charge earlier to battery pack and is carried out constant voltage charge again, gets into step 380 then.
Step 370; Whether the sampled voltage that detects battery pack reaches preset crest voltage or detects the charging interval whether reach the preset maximum charge time; If reach preset crest voltage or reach the preset maximum charge time, then get into step 390, otherwise return step 350.
Step 380; Whether the sample rate current that detects battery pack reaches preset minimum current or detects the charging interval whether reach the preset maximum charge time; If perhaps reach the preset maximum charge time to preset minimum current, then get into step 390, otherwise return step 360.
Step 390 is forbidden batteries charging.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of discharge module 400 of the vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger of present embodiment.As shown in Figure 4, discharge module 400, it is used for battery pack is discharged, and when battery voltage drops to 6V, stops discharge.
Discharge module 400 comprises first field-effect transistor 410, second power field effect transistor 420, discharge load resistance 430, precision resister 440, first divider resistance 450 and second divider resistance 460.
Preferably, first field-effect transistor 410 and second field-effect transistor 420 are chosen as P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor FET (being called for short MOSFET).As shown in Figure 4, the source electrode of a MOSFET is coupled to charging module 300, and its grid is coupled to master cpu 120, and drain electrode is coupled to the source electrode of the 2nd MOSFET; The grid of the 2nd MOSFET also is coupled to master cpu 120, and drain electrode is coupled to an end of discharge load resistance 430, the other end ground connection of discharge load resistance 430; The anode of battery pack also is coupled to the drain electrode of the 2nd MOSFET, and the SNS pin of the negative terminal of battery pack and BQ2000 chip is coupled to an end of precision resister 440 simultaneously, the other end ground connection of precision resister 440; One end of first divider resistance 450 also is coupled to the anode of battery pack, a be connected in series end of second divider resistance 460 of its other end, the other end ground connection of second divider resistance 460.
The one MOSFET 410 and the 2nd MOSFET 420 are controlled by master cpu 120; The one MOSFET 410 and the 2nd MOSFET 420 conducting of complementary ground and disconnections; When battery pack was charged, a MOSFET opened, and the 2nd MOSFET turn-offs; Cut off discharge loop, avoid occurring charging and discharge simultaneously; When battery pack was discharged, the 2nd MOSFET opened, and a MOSFET turn-offs, and cut off charge circuit, avoided occurring discharge and charged simultaneously.
Discharge load resistance 430 makes maximum discharge current be no more than 2A through its resistance is set, and is used to protect battery.For the ease of heat radiation, discharge load resistance (430) adopts high-power aluminum hull resistance.
With the BQ2000 chip is example; Obtain to carry out the value of the constant current charge electric current I of charging control process (step 350 among Fig. 3) indirectly at BQ2000 according to the resistance of precision resister 440; I=0.05/Rs obtains according to formula, the preferred I=2A of present embodiment, then Rs=0.025 Ω.Obtain to carry out the value of the constant voltage charge voltage of charging control process (step 360 among Fig. 3) indirectly at BQ2000 according to the resistance of first divider resistance 450 among Fig. 4 and second divider resistance 460.
Need to prove,, therefore discharge module 400 is set because BQ2000 does not have discharge mechanism.In order to prevent to damage battery pack, BQ2000 needs continual monitoring battery group sampled voltage, when voltage drops to preset voltage, then stops discharge.
Second embodiment
Fig. 8 is the structural representation according to the vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger of the utility model second embodiment.Be elaborated with reference to figure 8 below.
For the ease of explanation, no longer the module identical with previous embodiment launched in detail, and only stressed the difference with previous embodiment.In Fig. 8, to the same or analogous module of previous embodiment, adopted identical Reference numeral.
The charger of present embodiment adopts enclosed construction.As shown in Figure 8, housing 180 is enclosed constructions, makes vehicle-mounted train tail host battery charger when work, not receive the electromagnetic interference of other mobile unit, does not also influence the operate as normal of other mobile unit simultaneously.Preferably, adopt metal shell, prevent extraneous electromagnetism and radiated interference.
Top panel and/or side panel at housing (180) are provided with at least one for example heat abstractor such as fin, fan.Can avoid the slow problem of when the charger temperature is too high, dispelling the heat like this.
Other embodiment
(1) input of power transfer module 110 is provided with DC wave filter, magnet ring, piezo-resistance and transient voltage inhibition diode (TVS, TRANSIENT VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR) pipe, is used to eliminate the various interference that possibly introduce.
(2) because the influence of vehicle environment, the utility model preferably, battery adopts the mode of battery compartment laterally to place, and snap close is set simultaneously prevents battery landing from battery compartment in the charge and discharge process.For prevent battery in the vibrations process with discharge and recharge poor contact of contacts, under each contact, rubber sheet gasket is set, solve the problem of the loose contact of battery and charger contacts under the vibration environment.
Each module that it is apparent to those skilled in the art that above-mentioned the utility model can be made into each integrated circuit modules respectively with them, perhaps a plurality of modules in them or step is made into the single integrated circuit module and realizes.Like this, the utility model is not restricted to any specific combination of hardware.
Though the execution mode that the utility model disclosed as above, the execution mode that described content just adopts for the ease of understanding the utility model is not in order to limit the utility model.Technical staff under any the utility model in the technical field; Under the prerequisite of spirit that does not break away from the utility model and disclosed and scope; Can do any modification and variation what implement in form and on the details; But the scope of patent protection of the utility model still must be as the criterion with the scope that appending claims was defined.