CN202471017U - Portable corner structure laser soil and water loss monitor - Google Patents
Portable corner structure laser soil and water loss monitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN202471017U CN202471017U CN2012200912456U CN201220091245U CN202471017U CN 202471017 U CN202471017 U CN 202471017U CN 2012200912456 U CN2012200912456 U CN 2012200912456U CN 201220091245 U CN201220091245 U CN 201220091245U CN 202471017 U CN202471017 U CN 202471017U
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- range finder
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an instrument for measuring a soil erosion gully, aiming at providing an instrument which is capable of measuring the erosion depth of a slope or a curved surface within a certain range so as to directly measure a slope erosion amount and has the characteristics of high detection precision, high detection efficiency and high automation degree. The technical scheme is as follows: the portable corner structure laser soil and water loss monitor comprises a singlechip, a Bluetooth communicator, a battery and a laser range finder and is characterized in that a measuring instrument also comprises a support frame and a measuring head, wherein the measuring head comprises a support shell, a sensor base plate and a swinging mechanism; the support shell comprises a cylindrical upper shell and a cylindrical lower shell, wherein the cylindrical upper shell and the cylindrical lower shell are abutted from top to bottom and the axis of the cylindrical upper shell and the axis of a cylindrical lower shell are overlapped; a horizontal rotary motor of which an output shaft stretches out upwards vertically is fixed inside the lower shell; and a rotary main shaft which is in insertion match with the output shaft is rotationally installed inside the upper shell vertically.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of environment supervision instrument, specifically is the instrument of measured soil erosion groove.
Background technology
Domatic is the most basic geomorphic unit in soil erosion district, and the soil erosion ditches such as rill, dissected valley and coombe on domatic are the basic microtopography forms in water erosion district; The slope runoff washed off soil that natural rainfall forms carries, washes away soil particle, is the main type of soil erosion.The monitoring of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces ditch is the conventional contents of soil erosion microcosmic monitoring, is the basic link of the domatic soil erosion of quantitative examination.Chinese patent (zl200910155172.5) provide a kind of portable erosion gully measuring instrument; Can be accurately and efficiently the situation of domatic soil erosion be detected; And significantly reduced the working strength and the workload of survey crew, for obtaining first-hand water and soil conservation data technical support is provided.
The deficiency of above portable erosion gully measuring instrument is the measurement that can only be used for the erosion groove section, promptly once can only measure a line, can not directly measure erosion amount; After needing to accomplish a plurality of section surveys; Conversion obtains the erosion data, and the surveying work amount is bigger, and conversion error is bigger.
The utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is the deficiency that overcomes the above-mentioned background technology, and a kind of soil loss monitoring appearance that improves structure is provided; This instrument should be able to be measured the depth of erosion of domatic or curved surface in the certain limit, directly records the erosion caused by sloping surfaces amount, and has accuracy of detection height, detection efficiency height and the high characteristics of automaticity.
The technical scheme that the utility model provides is: portable corner structure laser soil loss monitoring appearance, the laser range finder that comprises the single-chip microcomputer of controlling usefulness, Bluetooth communication device, battery and the height of domatic soil measured and the data that record are sent to through wireless transmission method terminal device; It is characterized in that this measuring instrument also comprises vertically is arranged on the ground bracing frame of erosion groove and is installed in the bracing frame top and is supporting the measuring head of said laser range finder; Said measuring head comprises the support shell that drives laser range finder and rotate around the vertical axis of bracing frame, is horizontally hingedly swingably supporting the shell upper end and be used for fixing the sensor base plate of said laser range finder and drive the tilting mechanism of sensor base plate swing with the measurement angle of depression of regulating laser range finder;
Said support shell comprises the last shell and the lower casing of the column of butt joint up and down and dead in line; Lower casing internal fixation one output shaft vertically up stretches out horizontally rotates motor; The rotary main shaft of pegging graft and cooperating with aforementioned output shaft vertically is installed in the last shell rotationally.
Said tilting mechanism comprises the support on the gauge head platform that is positioned at the rotary main shaft top, is rotatably positioned the transverse axis on support, the angular displacement motor of fixing and being connected the rotation driving lever of sensor base plate and driving this transverse axis swing with this transverse axis; Go back the joint angle displacement encoder on this transverse axis.
On the said gauge head platform fixing one coating scrambler, electric rotating machine and rotation driving lever dust cover.
Support frame as described above comprises the support bar that is fixed on underground spud pile and removably is fixed on the spud pile top.
At least two rod members of said support bar for being connected as a single entity through connecting thread.
The top of said spud pile is equipped with and is used to detect the spirit bubble whether spud pile is in vertical position.
The principle of work of the utility model is: horizontally rotate electric motor starting after the instrument energising; Laser range finder is promptly driven vertical axis rotation around bracing frame (scrambler 11 be delivered to single-chip microcomputer with rotary angle signal) and is carried out laser ranging with certain angle of depression to domatic simultaneously; The data that record send to terminal device by the Bluetooth communication device after handling through single-chip microcomputer; When laser range finder around the vertical axis measurement of bracing frame revolve turn around after; Single-chip microcomputer rotates according to setting command pilot angle displacement motor again; Make laser range finder swing some angles (the frame of broken lines 5B among Fig. 3 representes to be in a certain angle after the laser range finder swing), the commanded level electric rotating machine rotates the laser ranging (the domatic position of the scanning of laser ranging this time constitutes two concentric circless with the position of last time laser ranging scanning) of carrying out another once more then.Circulation so repeatedly, until laser range finder in the angle of depression scope of setting to domatic all measure till.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is: because the utility model is that the curved surface in a certain area or zone is measured, thereby can directly obtain the erosion caused by sloping surfaces amount data, natural accuracy of detection significantly improves, and practicality is stronger; And all trace routines can preestablish, and can detect automatically according to instruction again, so detection efficiency is higher, have also alleviated the working strength of survey crew significantly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure synoptic diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the structure for amplifying synoptic diagram of the spud pile in the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the A portion structure for amplifying synoptic diagram among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of part body among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the left apparent direction structural representation of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 be Fig. 4 overlook the direction structure synoptic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the software main flow block diagram of single-chip microcomputer.
Embodiment
As shown in the figure; In this portable corner structure laser soil loss monitoring appearance; The laser range finder 5 that comprises the single-chip microcomputer of controlling usefulness, Bluetooth communication device, battery (all giving omission among single-chip microcomputer, Bluetooth communication device, the battery figure) and the height of domatic soil measured and the data that record are sent to through Wireless transmission mode terminal device; These parts and device are conventional products, and directly outsourcing obtains.
The improvement of the utility model is to comprise vertically being arranged on the ground bracing frame of erosion groove and being installed in the bracing frame top and supporting the measuring head of said laser range finder;
In the support frame as described above; Be used for fixing at underground spud pile 1 and be beneficial to the taper of inserting ground for cylindricality and bottom 1-1 process, the top of spud pile removably connects a support bar 2 (top that shows spud pile among Fig. 2 be shaped on up the connector 1-1 that matches with the internal thread of support bar bottom of protrusion) through helicitic texture.Keep vertical state for helping spud pile, spirit bubble 1-2 also is equipped with on the top of said spud pile, and whether be used to detect spud pile vertical).For the benefit of carry, said support bar is divided at least two rod members, removably is connected as a single entity through connecting thread between the rod member.
In the said measuring head, support shell and be fixed on supporting bar top; Support last shell 12-1 and lower casing 12-2 that shell is divided into column, last shell and lower casing dock (can know it is to be one through the attachment screw butt joint among the figure) and dead in line up and down.The rotary main shaft 6 of measuring head, is shaped on the output shaft 10-1 that is beneficial to motor and inserts the hole that cooperates in last shell through bearing fixing in the middle of the main shaft.Be equipped with in the lower casing and horizontally rotate motor 10 and scrambler 11.When last lower casing connected, electric machine main shaft inserted rotary main shaft and locking (visible with screw 6-1 locking among Fig. 3), and when horizontally rotating the motor rotation, rotary main shaft is promptly driven and rotates.In the tilting mechanism: be shaped on a support 8 on the gauge head platform 9 at the top of rotary main shaft, transverse axis 8-1 is rotatably positioned on this support; The rotation driving lever 8-3 that is fixedly connected with sensor base plate 7, the one of which end is fixed on the transverse axis again; One angular displacement motor 16 is fixed through electric machine support 8-5, and the output shaft of this motor is aimed at transverse axis to join and drive transverse axis and swung; Go back joint angle displacement encoder 17 on this transverse axis; Fixing said laser range finder 5 on the sensor base plate.During work, the angular displacement motor rotates, and can pass through transverse axis, rotation driving lever and sensor base plate and drive the laser range finder swing, realizes measuring the adjustment at the angle of depression (laser beam of laser range finder and perpendicular to the angle that straight line constituted on ground); Displacement coder is delivered to single-chip microcomputer with rotary angle signal simultaneously, and single-chip microcomputer utilizes the measurement angle of depression of angle signal control laser range finder.
In addition, also fix dust cover 15 on the gauge head platform at said rotary main shaft top, be used to coat scrambler, support, angular displacement motor and rotation driving lever, having dustproof and Anti-bumping protection effect.Can know among Fig. 6: a side of dust cover has and the matched loose slot 15-1 of laser range finder size, and effect is that the swing for laser range finder makes allowances, and avoids producing and interferes.
Portable corner structure laser soil loss monitoring appearance index:
Horizontally rotate 360 ° of error≤± 0.25 °;
0～45 ° of error≤± 0.5 of angle rotation °;
Range error≤± 1mm;
Kerb weight (not comprising spud pile)≤15kg;
Support bar extreme length (not comprising measuring head length) 2m;
Environment for use:
Envionmental humidity :≤80%;
Environment temperature :≤50 ℃.
Concrete configuration is selected:
1), electronics, electrical structure
According to actual operating position, horizontally rotate selection of Motor and use stepper motor.Stepper motor has the accurate characteristic of positioning of rotating, and concrete motor model is 39BYG, and drive model is 2HB3525D, and driver can be sub-divided into 0.225 ° with the stepper motor stride.The angular displacement electric rotating machine adopts low profile gear motor, and it is slow that reducing motor has speed, and moment is big, and the characteristics that latching force is big are suitable as the angular displacement electric rotating machine of this detecting instrument.This angular displacement electric rotating machine select model be * *, operation of control motor and direction employing miniature relay.
2) Electronic Control
(1) AVR single-chip microcomputer mainboard is selected Arduino Duemilanove328 for use, is a base and the Simple i/o platform of opening source code, and has the similar java of use, the development environment of C language.The user can use Arduino language and Flash or Processing fast ... Deng software, make interactive works.Arduino can use electronic component that exploitation accomplishes for example Switch or Sensors or other controllers, LED, stepper motor or other output units.Arduino also can independently operate becomes the platform that can follow software handshake; For example say: flash processing Max/MSP VVVV or other interaction softwares ... Use equipment can further be developed based on the open source principle in Arduino exploitation IDE interface.Its technical specification characteristics are following:
Digital I/O numeral I/O end totally 0～13.
Analog I/O analog input/output terminal totally 0～5.
Support USB interface agreement and power supply (not needing external power supply).
Support the ISP download function.Support single-chip microcomputer TX/RX terminal.
Input voltage: need not externally fed or outside 7V～12V DC input when connecting USB.
Output voltage: 5V DC output and 3.3V DC output and external power source input.
Adopt Atmel Atmega328P-PU single-chip microcomputer.
Arduino size dimension: the high 54mm of wide 70mmX.
The circuit diagram design of open source, the free download of formula development interface also can be revised on demand.
Arduino can use ISP to download line, and the oneself is with new IC program burned " bootloader ";
Can simplify the Arduino module according to official's circuit diagram, accomplish the microprocessor controller of independent running;
Can be connected with sensor, electronic component miscellaneous simply by (as: infrared ray, ultrasound wave, thermistor, photoresistance, servomotor etc.);
Support various interactive formula like Flash, Max/Msp, VVVV, PD, C, Processing etc.;
Use the microprocessor controller (ATMEGA328P-PU) of low price;
The USB interface power supply does not need external power supply, and the 500mA resettable fuse is avoided computer USB power supply overload, and the 9VDC input interface is provided in addition, and USB and external power supply automatically switch.
(2) the Bluetooth communication device adopts Bluetooh Bee V2 bluetooth serial ports module.Its technical specification characteristics are following:
Bluetooth chip: CSR BC417143
Bluetooth protocol: Bluetooth Specification v2.0+EDR
Usb protocol: USB v1.1/2.0
Frequency of operation: 2.4～2.48GHz unlicensed ISM band
Modulation system: GFSK (Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying)
Emissive power :≤4dBm, Class 2
Transmission range: 20～30m in free space
Sensitivity :≤-84dBm at 0.1%BER
Transfer rate: Asynchronous:2.1Mbps (Max)/160kbps; Synchronous:1Mbps/1Mbps
Security feature: Authentication and encryption
Support profiles:Bluetooth serial port
Serial port setting: 1200～1382400/N/8/1
Baud rate acquiescence: 9600
Pairing password: 1234
Input voltage :+3.3DC/50mA
Working temperature :-20 ℃～+ 55 ℃
Module size: 32 * 24 * 9mm
(3) laser range sensor adopts the multiple woods LRFS-0200-485 in Shanghai.Its technical specification characteristics are following:
Measurement range: 0.1-50m, any natural forms surface (30m, black surface) when surpassing 100m, needs to use special reverberator;
Measuring accuracy: ± 1mm (0.1-10m); ± 2mm (＜30m); ± 3mm (＞30m);
Resolution: 0.1mm;
Measuring rate: I type: representative value 5Hz can reach 10Hz usually;
II type: 50Hz (white surface)
Laser beam divergence: 0.6mrad;
Working temperature :-10 ℃-50 ℃;
Storing temperature :-20 ℃-70 ℃;
Supply voltage: 10V-30V direct current
Power consumption: relevant with working method, hold mode＜0.4W, measurement state＜1W
Data-interface: RS232/RS422, baud rate 2400-38400, form 8n1 (fixing)
Switching value output: the output of programmable switch amount, carrying load ability 0.5A
Analog quantity output: able to programme to measurement range, 4-20mA, loaded impedance≤500 Ω
Precision: ± 0.15%, temperature is floated:＜50ppm/ ℃
Trigger input: external trigger, the 5V pulse signal, it is adjustable to trigger phase place (rising edge, negative edge)
Safe class: meet DIN EN 60825-1 standard, 2 grades of laser levels
Wavelength: 650nm, red visible laser
Size: 182mm * 96 * 50mm (L * W * H)
Weight: 850g
Degree of protection: IP65
Take measurement of an angle:＞=45
(4) scrambler employing model is SXA-8EGO5E2048BM.Its technical parameter characteristics are following:
Resolution: 2048 (360 °);
Supply voltage: DC5V;
Input shaft diameter: 8mm;
Signal wire number: 3;
Degree of protection: IP65
Working temperature :-10 ℃-50 ℃;
3) single-chip microcomputer master routine
Single-chip microcomputer need receive the displacement signal of processing horizontal electric rotating machine and angular displacement motor as the core of whole measuring instrument, controls each motor operation; The control laser range sensor detects; Also want the received communication instruction, send and detect data etc.Its software main flow block diagram is seen Fig. 7.Software can be write by the common software personnel and form.
During single-chip microcomputer work, at first get into initialization, wait for then receiving parameter and order are set.The height that parameter is mainly the input support bar is set, when parameter is set when receiving; Directly do not get into the order operation as parameter is set after the start, the parameter that parameter adopts the front to be provided with then is set.During first the operation, it is 1m that parameter is set.
When action command, take out parameter is set, according to the different number of turns of different support bar high computational, and calculate the number of whenever punctuating.This is because highly not simultaneously, the laser ranging of same angle, and the radius at tested position is just different on the ground, and detecting the number of turns will change.In like manner, the girth of every circle is changing, and every circle detects to count and also will calculate variation.
After every some detection, recording detection data.Control motor again and forward next some detection to, finish, send data up to every whole detection of every circle.Then, wait for next work order.
4) physical construction
(1) spud pile
Spud pile is mainly used in the measuring center fixed-site, ensures data measured repeatability.Spud pile at ordinary times not the time spent stay undergroundly, cover above and protect, remove protective seam during use and can use.
Because it is underground that spud pile forever is embedded in for a long time, must have antirust ability to the spud pile tube material; The spud pile pipe also need support the measuring appliance operation of nearly 15kg weight, and material will have certain length and diameter, can not be too heavy, cause difficult.Therefore spud pile employing diameter 89mm, interior wall thickness 5mm, length are the hot dip galvanizing pipe processing of 500mm, can satisfy the requirement to the spud pile material basically.
Spud pile has the connector that connects support bar, needs to adopt rush-resisting material processing equally, selects to use No. 304 stainless steel materials to process.Connector embeds spud pile pipe top and is welded.
For spud pile is buried underground easily, fined away in spud pile pipe bottom, and design one with the supporting attachment cap 1-5 of connector screw thread.As long as will connect the head cap rotation set when burying underground on connector, hammering cap head gets final product.
Another function of attachment cap be spud pile be embedded in underground after, put attachment cap and can prevent that foreign material, mud, fine sand etc. from clinging the connector screw, cause the support bar difficulty be installed.
In addition, when spud pile is buried underground, keep perpendicular to the ground, in the connector screw, a spirit bubble 1-1 (with organic glass 1-3 protection) has been installed, it is perpendicular to the ground as far as possible when burying underground to estimate the control spud pile.
(2) support bar
Support bar is used for measuring head and spud pile are coupled together, and guarantees certain measuring height.
When preventing to measure, measuring head is owing to flowing of air caused slight swing, thereby influence measuring accuracy, and the while again can not be too heavy.Support bar recommends to select for use diameter 42mm, 304 stainless-steel tubes of wall thickness 3.5mm.
Consider convenient transportation, recommend the support bar that 2m is long to be divided into 3 joints.The 1m1 joint, the 0.5m2 joint.Precision when guaranteeing that two bars connect adopts 1.5 fine thread to connect between two bars, guarantee to connect fine and close.
Claims (5)
1. portable corner structure laser soil loss monitoring appearance, the laser range finder (5) that comprises the single-chip microcomputer of controlling usefulness, Bluetooth communication device, battery and the height of domatic soil measured and the data that record are sent to through Wireless transmission mode terminal device; It is characterized in that this measuring instrument also comprises vertically is arranged on the ground bracing frame of erosion groove and is installed in the bracing frame top and is supporting the measuring head of said laser range finder; Said measuring head comprises the support shell that drives laser range finder and rotate around the vertical axis of bracing frame, is horizontally hingedly swingably supporting the shell upper end and be used for fixing the sensor base plate (7) of said laser range finder and drive the tilting mechanism of sensor base plate swing with the measurement angle of depression of regulating laser range finder;
Said support shell comprises the last shell (12-1) and the lower casing (12-2) of the column of butt joint up and down and dead in line; Lower casing internal fixation one output shaft (10-1) vertically up stretches out horizontally rotates motor (10); The rotary main shaft (6) of pegging graft and cooperating with aforementioned output shaft vertically is installed in the last shell rotationally;
Said tilting mechanism comprises the support (8) on the gauge head platform (9) that is positioned at the rotary main shaft top, is rotatably positioned the transverse axis (8-1) on support, the angular displacement motor (16) of fixing and being connected the rotation driving lever (8-3) of sensor base plate and driving this transverse axis swing with this transverse axis; Go back joint angle displacement encoder (17) on this transverse axis.
2. portable corner structure laser soil loss monitoring appearance according to claim 1 is characterized in that: on the said gauge head platform fixing one coating scrambler, electric rotating machine and rotation driving lever dust cover (15).
3. portable corner structure laser soil loss monitoring appearance according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: support frame as described above comprises the support bar (2) that is fixed on underground spud pile (1) and removably is fixed on the spud pile top.
4. portable corner structure laser soil loss monitoring appearance according to claim 3 is characterized in that: at least two rod members of said support bar for being connected as a single entity through connecting thread.
5. portable corner structure laser soil loss monitoring appearance according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the top of said spud pile is equipped with and is used to detect the spirit bubble (1-2) whether spud pile is in vertical position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012200912456U CN202471017U (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2012-03-12 | Portable corner structure laser soil and water loss monitor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012200912456U CN202471017U (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2012-03-12 | Portable corner structure laser soil and water loss monitor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202471017U true CN202471017U (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012200912456U Expired - Fee Related CN202471017U (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2012-03-12 | Portable corner structure laser soil and water loss monitor |
Country Status (1)
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102620675A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-08-01 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | Portable laser water and soil loss monitor with corner structure |
| CN104792651A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-22 | 安徽工程大学 | Automatic soil boundary water content detection device |
| CN109839078A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-06-04 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of anthropogenic soil ditch type pattern measurement system |
| WO2019114256A1 (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-20 | 深圳大学 | Simple warning device for underground soil loss |
| CN110017789A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-16 | 淮阴工学院 | Vehicle collision deforming depth measuring device |
| CN110249218A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2019-09-17 | 森索特拉有限责任公司 | For the measurement probe of measurement parameter in soil and the method for manufacturing the probe |
-
2012
- 2012-03-12 CN CN2012200912456U patent/CN202471017U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102620675A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-08-01 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | Portable laser water and soil loss monitor with corner structure |
| CN102620675B (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2014-04-02 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | Portable laser water and soil loss monitor with corner structure |
| CN104792651A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-22 | 安徽工程大学 | Automatic soil boundary water content detection device |
| CN110249218A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2019-09-17 | 森索特拉有限责任公司 | For the measurement probe of measurement parameter in soil and the method for manufacturing the probe |
| WO2019114256A1 (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-20 | 深圳大学 | Simple warning device for underground soil loss |
| CN109839078A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-06-04 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of anthropogenic soil ditch type pattern measurement system |
| CN110017789A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-16 | 淮阴工学院 | Vehicle collision deforming depth measuring device |
| CN110017789B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-12-04 | 淮阴工学院 | Vehicle collision deformation depth measuring device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20121003 Termination date: 20160312 |