Background technology
Along with the quickening of Urbanization in China, the municipal sewage plant popularizes and operation, and the number of municipal sewage plant and sludge yield also sharply increase.Sludge treatment and disposal are important link of WWT; Usually the running cost of sludge treatment disposal accounts for 20%~50% of entire sewage treatment plant total operating cost; Even up to about 70%, investment accounts for 30%~40% of sewage work's gross investment.The year ends 2007,883 of the total sewage works in China city, municipal effluent year is handled total amount 22,700,000,000 m3, presses moisture percentage in sewage sludge 80% estimation, can produce the mud about 1500~2,000 ten thousand tons.Sludge yield is huge, and with annual 5%~10% speed increment, if carry out advanced treatment, sludge quantity also can increase by 0.5~1.0 times.
The heavy burden that sludge treatment has become the municipal sewage plant and faced.How to solve the treatment and disposal outlet of mud, become the great environmental problem that needs to be resolved hurrily in China's urban development process.
Method for sludge treatment has following several kinds usually: mud landfill, compost, sludge incineration, mud heat drying etc.
The mud landfill is the simplest sludge treatment measure, but the mud of handling can produce transudate and gas, and transudate is a kind of by the liquid of severe contamination, if addressing or move improperly, this liquid will get into Water table, polluted underground water.The gas that landfill yard produces mainly is methane, can not set off an explosion with on fire if do not take appropriate measures.In addition, the place that is fit to the mud landfill is more and more limited because of a large amount of generations of municipal sludge, and this has also limited further developing of this method.
Sludge composting is to utilize aerobic mesophile, the effect of thermophile bacteria, the organism in the mud is decomposed, and kill disease carrying germ, parasitic ovum and virus, improves a kind of recycling sludge method of mud nutriment in a fertilizer.But contain many heavy metals and poisonous and hazardous organism in a lot of trade effluents; This makes and contains objectionable impuritiess such as heavy metal ion, furans in the excess sludge; If for a long time excess sludge is applied to the soil; Might influence the healthy of people because of the accumulation of objectionable impurities, this has also limited applying of sludge composting.
Sludge incineration can solve the mud storage problem, but sludge incineration need consume a large amount of energy, and energy prices rise steadily, and the cost of burning and running cost are all very high; And have the smoke pollution problem, noise, vibrations, heat and radiation and generation become the dioxin contamination problem of environment focus, this also limited should technology extensive popularization.
The mud heat drying is external more advanced in recent years sludge treatment technology, and it has efficient, flexible, safe, stable advantage, but mud heat drying prime cost is heat energy, and the key that reduces cost is whether can select and utilize appropriate thermal source.Adopt the thermal source of conventional oils such as coal, oil, coal gas as sludge drying; The cost of disposal of wet mud per ton is about 200~400 yuan/ton; How to utilize used heat to carry out drying and other treatment, and how the mud after the mummification handling, is the core content of the utility model patent.
The utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of mud heat drying and mixes the burning treatment system with coal, puts and the mud secondary pollution problem in order to solve the mud difficulty.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of mud heat drying and mixed the burning treatment system with coal, and it comprises: mud storage pond, mud worm conveyor, spiral pump, moisture eliminator, cyclonic separator, dried mud snail are revolved transfer roller and rotary conveyor, wherein
Mud storage pond is used for temporary mud, and mud Chu Chi top is provided with removable cover, and the bottom is provided with the hydraulic drive balladeur train, and the mud worm conveyor is arranged on mud Chu Chi exit, and mud is pushed into the mud worm conveyor under the effect of hydraulic drive balladeur train;
Spiral pump is connected between first worm conveyor and the moisture eliminator; The mud worm conveyor is delivered to spiral pump with mud; Spiral pump is sent into mud in the moisture eliminator, is connected with the high-temperature flue gas of introducing from the station boiler economizer in the moisture eliminator, and the mud of sending in it is carried out the heat drying processing;
Cyclonic separator is arranged on the exit of moisture eliminator, and dried mud is separated with the stack gas that contains steam;
Dried mud snail is revolved transfer roller and is connected between cyclonic separator and the rotary conveyor, and dried mud is delivered to rotary conveyor, and rotary conveyor is delivered to dried mud and sends into power boiler burning after coal conveyer belt mixes with the power station is coal-fired.
Moisture eliminator comprises: opening for feed, dry main body, spiral discharging machine, drive unit, rotor device, blast inlet, venting and air outlet, wherein
Dry main body is a cavity configuration; Opening for feed is arranged on a side of dry main body; Spiral discharging machine is arranged on the opposite side relative with opening for feed of dry main body, and the rotor device is connected with drive unit and is arranged on the spiral discharging machine upside, and blast inlet is arranged on the dry main body and is positioned at the opening for feed upside; Air outlet is arranged on a side relative with blast inlet on the dry main body, and venting is arranged on the dry main body and between blast inlet and air outlet.
Moisture eliminator also comprises:
Scrape wall device, be arranged in the cavity of dry main body.
Support, dry main body is arranged on the support.
Also be provided with one or more access doors on the dry main body.
Be respectively arranged with vision slit on the sidewall of blast inlet and air outlet.
Said system also comprises:
Induced draft fan is arranged on the exit of cyclonic separator;
Electrostatic precipitator and desulfurizer are successively set on the induced draft fan flue afterwards.
Said system also comprises:
Odor removal is arranged on the mud storage pond, and is connected on the flue before the electrostatic precipitator.
The foregoing description adopts the residual heat to dry sludge of fuel-burning power plant economizer flue gas; Mud after the mummification mixes to send in the boiler furnace together in the coal and burns, and reaches the purpose of minimizing, innoxious, stabilization, resource utilization, has thoroughly solved mud secondary pollution problem; And the flyash after the burning then adopts the usual manner recycling to dispose; Effectively reduce sludge treatment cost of disposal and investment, practice thrift a large amount of high-grade energies, realized the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another.
Embodiment
To combine the accompanying drawing among the utility model embodiment below, the technical scheme among the utility model embodiment is carried out clear, intactly description, obviously, described embodiment only is the utility model part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skills are not paying the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
The mud heat drying is as the term suggests be exactly to utilize a kind of treatment process of heat energy with the moisture rapid evaporation in the mud.Practice at home and abroad shows that after traditional concentration and dewatering process processing, moisture percentage in sewage sludge is about 75%.Reach the further dehydration to mud, both economical method is to introduce heated drying technology commonly used in the chemical industry operation.It has the following advantages:
1. intensification.Owing to adopted the deviceization operation, equipment layout is compact, and floor space is little.
2. mechanize.Use several kinds of more mummification at present and be full-automatic operation, device safety, efficient, stable meets industrialized fashion trend.
3. minimizing.Mummification can make mud reduce volume and weight significantly, is convenient to transport and dissolve.
4. innoxious.The safety and sanitation of dewatered sludge proterties.
5. stabilization.Moisture percentage in sewage sludge is lower than 20% after the mummification, and microorganism active has received inhibition fully, and sludge quality is stable, can be corrupt not smelly, can store for a long time and transport.
6. resource utilization.The mummification product is generally particulate state, when meeting related request, can be used as fertilizer and soil improvement agent, also can be used as fuel and is used for incineration plant, power station and cement mill, and its combustion heat value is at 14.7kJ/kg, and is close with brown coal.
The prime cost of mud heat drying is heat energy, and the key that reduces cost is whether can select and utilize appropriate thermal source.Adopt the thermal source of conventional oils such as coal, oil, coal gas as sludge drying, the cost of disposal of wet mud per ton is about 200~400 yuan/t.So high disposal costs is that most city institute is unacceptable, can only use in some big cities, big limitations the range of application of sludge drying technique.
The flue gas of power plant and exhaust steam contain a large amount of waste heats.As the mud after will dewatering delivers to power plant, utilizes the residual heat to dry sludge of flue gas and exhaust steam, can reduce the cost of sludge drying greatly.Can under the situation that does not influence existing unit operation, adopt dewatered sludge to substitute the fuel of partial fuel coal as boiler of power plant; Start the win-win situation that not only solves problem of environmental pollution but also can reclaim biomass energy; Simultaneously need not set up independent sludge incinerator, greatly reduce the investment of sludge disposal engineering.Usually heat power plant is nearer apart from the city, can be easily the mud of municipal wastewater treatment plant be delivered to power plant and carries out mummification one and mix to burn and handle, and has enlarged the scope of application of mud heat drying technology in National urban like this.
Fig. 1 is that the mud heat of the utility model one embodiment is done the burn processing system schematic; As shown in Figure 1, this system comprises: mud storage pond 2, mud worm conveyor (not shown), spiral pump 3, moisture eliminator 4, cyclonic separator 5, dried mud snail are revolved transfer roller (not shown) and rotary conveyor 7.
Sewage plant sludge 1 gets into plant area by collecting transportation outside the factory; Behind weight bridge weighing, unloading to mud storage pond 2, temporary (mud storage pond is a underground structure; Be convenient to the operation of dumping of mud); Mud storage 2 bottoms, pond are provided with the hydraulic drive balladeur train, and the mud worm conveyor is arranged on mud storage 1 exit, pond, the mud worm conveyor that the hydraulic drive skeleton is delivered to mud;
Spiral pump 3 is connected between mud worm conveyor and the moisture eliminator 4; The mud worm conveyor is delivered to spiral pump 3 with mud; Spiral pump is sent into mud in the moisture eliminator 4; Be connected with high temperature (300 ℃) stack gas of introducing from the station boiler economizer in the moisture eliminator 4, the mud that is delivered to moisture eliminator 4 is stirred in moisture eliminator 4 in the process of kicking up and fully contacts the generation heat exchange with high-temperature flue gas, and the moisture vaporization is discharged system with stack gas;
Cyclonic separator 5 is arranged on the exit of moisture eliminator 4, and dried mud is separated with the stack gas that contains steam;
Dried mud snail is revolved transfer roller and is connected between cyclonic separator 5 and the rotary conveyor 7 (according to the situation at scene; Also can revolve and be provided with finished product cooling storer 6 between transfer roller and the rotary conveyor 7 dried mud snail; So that dried mud is cooled off); Dried mud is delivered to rotary conveyor 7; Rotary conveyor 7 is delivered to dried mud and sends into coal-powder boiler burn (according to the rate request of charging, also finished product feed distribution storehouse 8 can be set between rotary conveyor 7 and coal conveyer belt 9) after coal conveyer belt 9 mixes.
The foregoing description adopts the residual heat to dry sludge of fuel-burning power plant economizer flue gas; Mud after the mummification mixes to send in the boiler furnace together in the coal and burns, and reaches the purpose of minimizing, innoxious, stabilization, resource utilization, has thoroughly solved mud secondary pollution problem; And the flyash after the burning then adopts the usual manner recycling to dispose; Effectively reduce sludge treatment cost of disposal and investment, practice thrift a large amount of high-grade energies, realized the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another.
The flue gas in fuel-burning power plant and exhaust steam contain a large amount of waste heats, deliver to the fuel-burning power plant like the mud after will dewatering, and utilize the residual heat to dry sludge of flue gas and exhaust steam, can reduce the cost of sludge drying greatly.Can under the situation that does not influence existing unit operation, adopt dewatered sludge to substitute the fuel of partial fuel coal as boiler of power plant; Started the win-win situation that not only solves problem of environmental pollution but also can reclaim biomass energy; Simultaneously need not set up independent sludge incinerator, greatly reduce the investment of sludge disposal engineering.
Fig. 2 is the dryer configuration synoptic diagram of the utility model one embodiment.As shown in Figure 2, moisture eliminator comprises: opening for feed 401, dry main body 403, spiral discharging machine 405, drive unit 406, rotor device 407, blast inlet 411, venting 410 and air outlet 409, wherein
Dry main body 403 is a cavity configuration; Opening for feed 401 is arranged on a side of dry main body 403; The opposite side relative that spiral discharging machine 405 is arranged on dry main body 403 with opening for feed 401; Rotor device 407 is connected with drive unit 406 and is arranged on spiral discharging machine 405 upsides; Blast inlet 411 is arranged on the dry main body 403 and is positioned at opening for feed 401 upsides, and air outlet 409 is arranged on the dry main body 403 side relative with blast inlet 411, and venting 410 is arranged on the dry main body 403 and between blast inlet 411 and air outlet 409.
As shown in Figure 2, in time scrape for gluing wall mud, moisture eliminator also comprises:
Scrape wall device 412, be arranged in the cavity of dry main body 403.
As shown in Figure 2, moisture eliminator also comprises:
Support is to be arranged on dry main body on the support.
As shown in Figure 2, also be provided with one or more access doors 402 on the dry main body 403.
As shown in Figure 2, be respectively arranged with vision slit 408 on the sidewall of blast inlet 411 and air outlet 409.
For example, emit bad smell for preventing mud, mud Chu Chi top is provided with removable cover.
As shown in Figure 1, for separating and collecting the flue gas that dry back mud carries, said system also comprises:
Induced draft fan 12 is arranged on the exit of cyclonic separator 5;
Electrostatic precipitator 12 and desulfurizer 13 are successively set on induced draft fan 12 flue afterwards.
High-temperature flue gas (300 ℃) is introduced in the moisture eliminator before air preheater, and with mud generation heat exchange, the sludge water content vaporization is discharged system with stack gas in moisture eliminator.Flue gas (100 ℃) is carried dewatered sludge secretly and is got into cyclonic separator simultaneously, and gravity separation is mixed with boiler tail flue gas before entering electric precipitation by induced draft fan, carries out dust removal process.The electric precipitator flue gas gets into desulphurization system after dedusting, after the washing of thionizer sodalime emulsion is further removed dust and acidic substance, enter atmosphere by chimney.Mud after the mummification is delivered to conveyor through worm conveyor; Delivering to the coal delivery of boiler belt through rotary conveyor mixes with coal-fired; Be blown into boiler and fully burn and reach the purpose of minimizing, innoxious, stabilization, resource utilization, flyash then adopts the usual manner recycling to dispose.
Moisture eliminator in the foregoing description changes traditional material wall-attaching type heat transfer type; Adopt throwing formula dry materials mode; Force the wet mud of disperse through the mechanical movement of vane; Make it in different drying chambers, be the fluidization suspension, thereby fully contact, strengthen the heat and mass effect of wet mud and hot blast with hot blast.Vane plays crushing effect to mud in the drying process, has cancelled the dried mud secondary breaking of traditional sludge drying machine link.And mud residence time in drying machine is short, and heat exchanger effectiveness is high, and treatment capacity is big, and drying cost is low.Volume is merely 1/2 of roller dryer.
The vane fluidized drying machine main technical details of an embodiment of the utility model is following:
Moisture percentage in sewage sludge 75~85%;
Advance 10~25 ℃ of mud temperature;
Dried mud water ratio 20~30%;
Flue-gas temperature 300-350 ℃;
Mixed-fuel burning proportion<5%;
The little negative pressure of anhydration system pressure;
The floor space 800m of system
2About.
As shown in Figure 1, said system also comprises:
Odor removal 13; Be arranged on the mud storage pond 2; And be connected on the flue before the electrostatic precipitator, will drain in the flue with the eliminating malodours from gases that mud is distributed and further handle, the mud technology waste gas after the processing can not have any impact to power station environment.
In addition, the application of the foregoing description is made a concrete analysis of as follows not influence of fuel-burning power plant operation:
(1) to not influence of boiler combustion
The water ratio of mud is 20~30% after the mummification, is than the loose granule shape, can directly get into power plant's mixed coal, coal mill system, does not therefore need boiler body is transformed.When the mixed-fuel burning proportion of mud and coal hour (requiring less than 5% usually), burning mixed mud is less to the influence of boiler thermal output, and the tail gas quantitative changeization is also not too large, and furnace temperature is not had too much influence.Therefore mixing the burning project at implementation in power plant sludge drying one can not have a negative impact to the normal operation of boiler of power plant.
(2) to not influence of air preheater operation
The high-temperature flue gas (300~350 ℃) that the drying and other treatment system needs extracts before air preheater.Usually when selecting air preheater, can keep 5% surplus.Therefore in order to ensure the works better of boiler air preheater, limit the fume extraction amount usually and be no more than 5% of total exhaust gas volumn.
(3) to the not influence of power-plant flue gas treatment system
When the mixed-fuel burning proportion of mud and coal hour (requiring less than 5% usually),, therefore mix ash content, SO in the burning flue gas because the amount of N that mud is brought into and S is very limited
2Do not have remarkable increase with the concentration of NOx etc., so can the smoke processing system of power plant not had a negative impact.Coal-powder boiler higher furnace temperature (1300 ℃) can effectively be eliminated the Dioxins that produces in the sludge incineration process in addition, avoids the secondary pollution problem.
(4) to the not influence of power station environment health
Usually in the mud heat drying process, can produce more foul gas, can have a negative impact to hygienic condition on every side as not controlling.This mummification technology is that the extracting high-temperature flue gas carries out sludge drying before the air preheater, and the tail gas that moisture eliminator is discharged advances into the smoke processing system of power plant from electric precipitator.Therefore the foul smell of sludge drying generation can obtain partially disposed in smoke processing system.When the mixed-fuel burning proportion of mud and coal hour (requiring less than 5% usually), the drying tail gas amount is no more than 10% of the total exhaust gas volumn of power plant.Flue gas after handling in addition is through the high smoke stack emission of 200m.Therefore under the less situation of mixed-fuel burning proportion, can the environmental health of power plant not had a negative impact.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: accompanying drawing is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment, and module in the accompanying drawing or flow process might not be that enforcement the utility model is necessary.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the module in the device among the embodiment can be described according to embodiment and be distributed in the device of embodiment, also can carry out respective change and be arranged in the one or more devices that are different from present embodiment.The module of the foregoing description can be merged into a module, also can further split into a plurality of submodules.
What should explain at last is: above embodiment is only in order to the technical scheme of explanation the utility model, but not to its restriction; Although the utility model has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to previous embodiment; Those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that previous embodiment is put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these are revised or replacement, do not make the spirit and the scope of essence disengaging the utility model embodiment technical scheme of relevant art scheme.