CN202387359U - Double-throats type gas supersonic speed rotational flow separation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a double-throats type gas supersonic speed rotational flow separation device, which is applied to the field of multi-component mixed gas separation and the like. A gas flows through a plurality of blade grids at an entrance to rotate and sequentially enters a subsonic speed contraction flow passage, a first throat flow passage and a supersonic speed rotational flow separation flow passage in the form of an rotational flow; the air flow expands to a supersonic speed to form low temperature and low pressure, such that the moisture in the gas or the water in a natural gas and a heavy hydrocarbon component are condensed, a large centrifugal force generated by rotation of the air flow throws condensed liquid drops to a wall surface and the condensed liquid drops are discharged from a hydrops cavity so as to realize gas-liquid separation efficiently. The rear part of the supersonic speed rotational flow separation flow passage is provided with a supersonic speed compression flow passage, a second throat flow passage and a second diffusion flow passage. The design can ensure that a shock wave is fixed in the second throat flow passage to limit disturbance caused by the shock wave and reduce the influence of a back pressure on a shock wave position, such that the upstream supersonic speed flow is more stable; and the design can also avoid the boundary-layer separation effect caused by strong shock waves, reduce the friction resistance loss and improve the return pressure capability of the separation device.

Description

A kind of pair of throat's type gas supersonic speed cyclone separation device

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of pair of throat's type gas supersonic speed cyclone separation device, belong to the cryogenic temperature condensation and the cyclone separation process field of multicomponent mist.

Background technology:

It is the important process link of oil-gas gathering and transportation system that gas dehydration separates with heavy hydrocarbon.Traditional processing method takes methods such as vapor compression refrigeration, throttling expansion refrigeration and expander refrigeration to obtain cold usually; Realize cryogenic separation, also need heat or add the hyrate inhibitor in case of necessity to prevent water compound crystallization freezing plugging line, equipment, low, the energy waste of whole system efficient; And this process is very complicated; Costly, need huge equipment, cost and operating cost are very high.The supersonic speed cyclone separation process is a kind of new technology that is applied to gas gathering and transportation, processing and process field; This technology has combined aerodynamics, Engineering Thermodynamics and hydromechanical theory; Processing procedures such as cooling, spiral-flow type gas/liquid separation, recompression are accomplished in the device of an airtight compactness with expanding; Have simple and reliable, airtight nothing and leak, need not advantages such as chemical agent and support unmanned; With traditional heating and anti-freezing with utilize the antifreeze gas gathering and transportation technology of antifreezing agent to compare, investment of gas gathering and transportation system and operating cost minimizing 10～25%.

External Twister BV company has carried out relevant research work with the ENGO oil company to the supersonic speed cyclone separation process; Twister BV company has developed the supersonic speed cyclone separator of " TwisterI " and " TwisterII " two kinds of patterns; ENGO company has developed the supersonic speed cyclone separator of " 3S " by name respectively, and the product of two companies has begun to get into the business promotion application stage.Domestic China Petroleum Univ. (East-China), Beijing University of Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Xi'an Communications University and BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics have carried out relevant research work to the supersonic speed cyclone separation process.

The primary structure of supersonic speed cyclone separation device comprises members such as De Laval noz(zle), swirl-flow devices and diffuser pipe; Difference according to the installation site of swirl-flow devices; The supersonic speed cyclone separator mainly contains two kinds of typical structures: a kind of is that the supersonic speed section that swirl-flow devices is installed in behind the jet pipe is produced eddy flow, so swirl-flow devices is called wing of supersonic again, in this kind structure kind; Because the conversion of speed occurs under the supersonic speed condition; Be easy to generate shock wave behind the wing of supersonic, destroy the low-temp low-pressure environment, be unfavorable for the growth of drop; Reduce the separative efficiency of supersonic speed separator; Representational patent mainly contains external US 6513345 B1, US 6524368B2, US 3773825 B2, US 6962199 B1, US 7261766 B2, US 7318849 B2, US 7494535 B2, WO2003/092850 A1, WO 2004/020074 A1 and domestic ZL 200410074338.8 etc.; Another kind is the inlet that swirl-flow devices is installed in jet pipe; Make gas get into the jet pipe cooling of expanding with the form of eddy flow; Main patent has external US7357825 B2, US 2008/0196581 A1, US 2010/0147021 A1, EP 1131588 B1, US 6372019 B1, US 2010/0147023 A1 and domestic ZL200810011258.6, ZL 200910023458.8 and application number 200910024347.9,200910081813.7,200910093744.1,201010597341.3 etc.; Weak point is a little less than the eddy flow ability force rate wing of supersonic of swirl-flow devices is wanted, and has reduced the separating effect of supersonic speed separator.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art; A kind of a kind of pair of throat's type gas supersonic speed cyclone separation device that the multicomponent mist separates that be used for that limits shock-wave disturbance, reduction energy loss, improves the back pressure ability proposed; This device adopts the notion of two throats; Behind supersonic speed cyclonic separation runner, be provided with supersonic speed compression runner, second throat's runner and the second diffusion runner, help the separator steady operation.

For achieving the above object; The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: mainly be made up of entrance, leaf grating, contraction section, centerbody, outer straight length, hydrops section, ribs, back pressure section, prevention blocking device, discharging tube, dry gas outlet and liquid outlet; It is characterized in that: centerbody comprises initial segment, shrinks the awl section, gradually fine cone section and cylindrical section; Contraction section is bored section formation subsonic speed contracted channel with shrinking; Outer straight length and gradually fine cone section form supersonic speed cyclonic separation runner, the intersection of subsonic speed contracted channel and supersonic speed cyclonic separation runner constitutes first throat, the area of first throat is A _T1The back pressure section comprises second contraction section, second throat and second expansion segment, and forms supersonic speed compression runner, second throat's runner and the second diffusion runner with cylindrical section, and second throat is isodiametric straight length, and area of section is A _T2Gap between hydrops section and the back pressure section constitutes fluid collection chamber, and fluid collection chamber, discharging tube and liquid outlet are interconnected.

The contour curve of second contraction section of the present invention designs according to following curvilinear equation:

$D=\frac{D_{\mathrm{cr}}}{\sqrt{1-[1-{\left(\frac{D_{\mathrm{cr}}}{D_1}\right)}^2]\frac{{[1-{\left(\frac{x}{L}\right)}^2]}^2}{{[1+\frac{1}{3}{\left(\frac{x}{L}\right)}^2]}^3}}}$

Aforesaid equation is the x axle with the axis of second contraction section, is the origin of coordinates with the center of circle of the second contraction section porch, D ₁And D _CrBe respectively the inlet diameter and the outlet diameter of second contraction section, D is the diameter of section at any x place; L is the second contraction section length.

6 °≤the β of angle of throat of second contraction section of the present invention≤45 °, the area of section of second throat is 0.6A _T1≤A _T2≤1.0A _T1, the length 0.2D2 of second throat≤L2≤5D2, D2 are the diameter of second throat, the 6 °≤α of the angle of flare of second expansion segment≤36 °.

The beneficial effect that a kind of pair of throat of the present invention type gas supersonic speed cyclone separation device is reached is: behind supersonic speed cyclonic separation runner, be provided with supersonic speed compression runner, second throat's runner and the second diffusion runner; The existence of supersonic speed compression runner can be avoided boundary layer separation effect that intense shock wave causes effectively and reduce fricting resistance loss, improves back pressure efficient; Second throat can relatively be fixed on the position of shock region in the second throat, and the disturbance that shock wave is caused is limited in the back pressure section, thereby reduces the influence of the variation of dry gas outlet static pressure (back pressure) to shock-wave spot, and it is more stable that upper reaches supersonic speed is flowed; And, when operate as normal, make the Mach number at second throat place be slightly larger than 1 because second throat is isodiametric straight length, produce a normal shock wave nearby and become sub-critical flow in its downstream.Like this, when certain fluctuation appears in upstream pressure, still can guarantee steady operation.For example pressure has reduced, and shock wave moves with regard to upstream direction, even but shock wave be retracted in the pipeline of second throat, also can also keep stable.If second throat is made a cross section; And make section just for the velocity of sound or near the velocity of sound; When upstream pressure fluctuation occurred and slightly reduction arranged, shock wave just returned to the second throat upper reaches and continues upstream direction and move so, and shock strength and loss are serious more; It is not enough that upstream pressure seems more, and then shock wave more will be pushed the upper reaches to.So, shock wave will get off from certain position stability that second throat returns to the jet pipe, causes the supersonic flow of supersonic speed cyclonic separation section to disappear, and influences the operate as normal of separator.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is an overall structure sketch map of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a centerbody structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a back pressure segment structure sketch map of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 3 (a) is back pressure section and cylindrical section assembly features sketch map, and Fig. 3 (b) is the characteristic sketch map of second contraction section and second throat.

Among the figure: 1, entrance, 2, leaf grating, 3, contraction section, 4, centerbody, 5, outer straight length, 6, the hydrops section; 7, ribs, 8, the back pressure section, 9, prevention blocking device, 10, the dry gas outlet, 11, discharging tube; 12, liquid outlet, 13, fluid collection chamber, 14, supersonic speed cyclonic separation runner, 15, first throat, 16, the subsonic speed contracted channel; 17, initial segment, 18, shrink the awl section, 19, fine cone section gradually, 20, cylindrical section, 21, second contraction section; 22 second throats, 23, second expansion segment, 24, the second diffusion runner, 25, second throat's runner, 26, supersonic speed compression runner.

The specific embodiment:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing design feature of the present invention and operation principle are described further.

Referring to Fig. 1,2,3, the present invention mainly is made up of entrance 1, leaf grating 2, contraction section 3, centerbody 4, outer straight length 5, hydrops section 6, ribs 7, back pressure section 8, prevention blocking device 9, discharging tube 11, dry gas outlet 10 and liquid outlet 12; Centerbody 4 comprises initial segment 17, shrinks awl section 18, gradually fine cone section 19 and cylindrical section 20; Contraction section 3 is bored section 18 formation subsonic speed contracted channels 16 with shrinking; Outer straight length 5 and gradually fine cone section 19 form supersonic speed cyclonic separation runners 14; The area that the intersection of subsonic speed contracted channel 16 and supersonic speed cyclonic separation runner 14 constitutes 15, the first throats 15 of first throat is A _T1Back pressure section 8 comprises second contraction section 21, second throat 22 and second expansion segment 23, and to form supersonic speeds compression runners 26, second throat's runner 25 and the second diffusion runner, 24, the second throats 25 with cylindrical section 20 be isodiametric straight length, and area of section is A _T2Gap between hydrops section 6 and the back pressure section 8 constitutes fluid collection chamber 13, and fluid collection chamber 13, discharging tube 11 and liquid outlet 12 are interconnected.

Referring to Fig. 1,3, the contour curve of second contraction section 21 of the present invention designs according to following curvilinear equation:

$D=\frac{D_{\mathrm{cr}}}{\sqrt{1-[1-{\left(\frac{D_{\mathrm{cr}}}{D_1}\right)}^2]\frac{{[1-{\left(\frac{x}{L}\right)}^2]}^2}{{[1+\frac{1}{3}{\left(\frac{x}{L}\right)}^2]}^3}}}$

Aforesaid equation is the x axle with the axis of second contraction section 21, is the origin of coordinates with the center of circle of second contraction section, 21 porch, D ₁And D _CrBe respectively the inlet diameter and the outlet diameter of second contraction section 21, D is the diameter of section at any x place; L is second contraction section, 21 length; This contraction section curve can guarantee effectively that supersonic flow steadily compresses, and avoids boundary layer separation effect that intense shock wave causes and reduces fricting resistance loss, improves back pressure efficient.

Referring to Fig. 1,3, the 6 °≤β of angle of throat of second contraction section 21 of the present invention≤45 °, the area of section of second throat 22 is 0.6A _T1≤A _T2≤1.0A _T1, the length 0.2D2 of second throat 22≤L2≤5D2, D2 are the diameter of second throat 22, the 6 °≤α of the angle of flare of second expansion segment 23≤36 °.Second throat can relatively be fixed on the position of shock region in the second throat, and the disturbance that shock wave is caused is limited in the back pressure section, thereby reduces the influence of the variation of dry gas outlet static pressure (back pressure) to shock-wave spot, and it is more stable that upper reaches supersonic speed is flowed; And, when operate as normal, make the Mach number at second throat place be slightly larger than 1 because second throat is isodiametric straight length, produce a normal shock wave nearby and become sub-critical flow in its downstream.Like this, when certain fluctuation appears in upstream pressure, still can guarantee steady operation.For example pressure has reduced, and shock wave moves with regard to upstream direction, even but shock wave be retracted in the pipeline of second throat, also can also keep stable.

Concrete workflow of the present invention is: gas flows through leaf grating 2 by entrance 1 and gets into subsonic speed contracted channel 16, first throat 15 and supersonic speed cyclonic separation runner 14 successively with the form of eddy flow; In subsonic speed contracted channel 16, air-flow steadily quickens, and reaches the velocity of sound at first throat, 15 places; In supersonic speed cyclonic separation runner 14; Air-flow is with continuing to be expanded to supersonic speed; Form low-temp low-pressure, moisture or the water in the natural gas and heavy hydrocarbon component in the gas are condensed, simultaneously; The huge centrifugal force that air-flow rotation the is produced drop that will condense gets rid of to wall and gets into fluid collection chamber 13, compiles after discharging tube 11 is discharged by liquid outlet 12; Dry gas occupy the center of runner, gets into supersonic speed compression runner 26, second throat's runner 25 and the second diffusion runner 24 successively, and kinetic energy is converted into the pressure ability under the effect of shock wave, and pressure obtains the back and flows out from dry gas outlet 10.

Claims (3)

1. two throats type gas supersonic speed cyclone separation device; Mainly form by entrance (1), leaf grating (2), contraction section (3), centerbody (4), outer straight length (5), hydrops section (6), ribs (7), back pressure section (8), prevention blocking device (9), discharging tube (11), dry gas outlet (10) and liquid outlet (12); It is characterized in that: centerbody (4) comprises initial segment (17), shrinks awl section (18), gradually fine cone section (19) and cylindrical section (20); Contraction section (3) and contraction awl section (18) form a subsonic speed contracted channel (16); Outer straight length (5) and gradually fine cone section (19) form supersonic speed cyclonic separation runner (14); The intersection of subsonic speed contracted channel (16) and supersonic speed cyclonic separation runner (14) constitutes first throat (15), and the area of first throat (15) is A _T1Back pressure section (8) comprises second contraction section (21), second throat (22) and second expansion segment (23); And form supersonic speed compression runner (26), second throat's runner (25) and the second diffusion runner (24) with cylindrical section (20); Second throat (25) is isodiametric straight length, and area of section is A _T2Gap between hydrops section (6) and the back pressure section (8) constitutes fluid collection chamber (13), and fluid collection chamber (13), discharging tube (11) and liquid outlet (12) are interconnected.

2. a kind of pair of throat's type gas supersonic speed cyclone separation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the contour curve of second contraction section (21) designs according to following curvilinear equation:

$D=\frac{D_{\mathrm{cr}}}{\sqrt{1-[1-{\left(\frac{D_{\mathrm{cr}}}{D_1}\right)}^2]\frac{{[1-{\left(\frac{x}{L}\right)}^2]}^2}{{[1+\frac{1}{3}{\left(\frac{x}{L}\right)}^2]}^3}}}$

Aforesaid equation is the x axle with the axis of second contraction section (21), is the origin of coordinates with the center of circle of second contraction section (21) porch, D ₁And D _CrBe respectively the inlet diameter and the outlet diameter of second contraction section (21), D is the diameter of section at any x place; L is second contraction section (a 21) length.

3. according to claim 1 and 2 described a kind of pair of throat's type gas supersonic speed cyclone separation devices, it is characterized in that: the 6 °≤β of angle of throat of second contraction section (21)≤45 °, the area of section of second throat (22) is 0.6A _T1≤A _T2≤1.0A _T1, the length 0.2D2≤L2≤5D2 of second throat (22), D2 are the diameter of second throat (22), the 6 °≤α of the angle of flare of second expansion segment (23)≤36 °.

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