CN202383910U

CN202383910U - Experimental apparatus for nitrogen dioxide preparation and reaction of nitrogen dioxide and water

Info

Publication number: CN202383910U
Application number: CN2011204726762U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑子辂
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-11-24
Filing date: 2011-11-24
Publication date: 2012-08-15
Anticipated expiration: 2021-11-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses an experimental apparatus for nitrogen dioxide preparation and reaction of nitrogen dioxide and water. The improvement is that the experimental apparatus for nitrogen dioxide preparation and reaction of nitrogen dioxide and water comprises a reaction bottle, a tap funnel, a gas collecting tube and a reaction tube; wherein the external diameter of the reaction tube is less than the internal diameter of the gas collecting tube, the upper end of the gas collecting tube is sealed, and the lower end stretches into the reaction bottle from the bottleneck of the reaction bottle; the reaction tube is arranged in the reaction bottle, the lower end of the reaction tube is fixedly arranged at the central position of the underside of the reaction bottle, and the upper end stretches into the gas collecting tube; the upper end of the gas collecting tube is equipped with a connecting hole, the tap funnel penetrates the connecting hole on the gas collecting tube and stretches into the interior of the reaction tube, and the upper part of the gas collecting tube is cooperated with the bottleneck of the reaction bottle tightly. According to the utility model, the reaction bottle, the reaction tube, the gas collecting tube and the tap funnel forms the experimental apparatus via a certain connection and assembly, the two experiments of the nitrogen dioxide preparation and the reaction of nitrogen dioxide and water can be carried out in the experimental apparatus simultaneously and become one; by using the experimental apparatus to carry out experiment, the operation is simple, convenient, safe and reliable, and is low carbon environmental protection.

Description

Nitrogen dioxide produce and with the tester of water reaction

[technical field]

The tester that the utility model relates to producing of chemical experiment equipment, particularly a kind of nitrogen dioxide and reacts with water.

[background technology]

Chemistry is human in order to understanding with transform one of intramundane main method and means; It is a kind of science of composition, structure, character and Changing Pattern of main research material; Therefore; Just offered this subject of chemistry in the stage in junior middle school of education, let people that material composition, structure, variation etc. are had Preliminary study.Chemistry subject; It mainly is the feature structure etc. of removing observe phenomena and then removing amalyzing substances through the means of experiment; So the chemistry subject of middle school period also must be accompanied by a large amount of experimental teachings, all there is independently chemical laboratory in school, the nitrogen dioxide that people know; Be in the senior chemistry textbook one of the gas that will learn and grasp, and the experiment course of producing nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen dioxide and water reaction is arranged.Chemistry Laboratory in Middle School is produced nitrogen dioxide gas at present, adopts Boiling tube to make reactor mostly, and adding copper and red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) react and make in Boiling tube.Because nitrogen dioxide is toxic and soluble in water, the nitrogen dioxide gas that therefore can only adopt upwards emptying gas method collection to generate.There are several deficiencies in this method: the red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) reagent dosage of one of which, adding is bigger, causes unnecessary waste; The NO2 that two, generates is a toxic gas, directly is discharged in the air, causes personal injury and atmospheric pollution; Three, red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) and copper directly react in Boiling tube, have great potential safety hazard; Four, gas is collected complicated operation, in the experimentation observation of nitrogen dioxide gas and water reacting phenomenon difficult, and the easy escape of gas is unfavorable for that safety of student efficiently experimentizes.

[summary of the invention]

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, provide a kind of can carry out simultaneously nitrogen dioxide produce and with the tester of water reaction.

The purpose of the utility model is achieved in that producing of a kind of nitrogen dioxide and the tester that reacts with water thereof, and its improvement is: it comprises reaction bulb, tap funnel, discharge and reaction tube.Wherein, the external diameter of said reaction tube is less than the internal diameter of discharge; The upper end closed of said discharge, the lower end is stretched in the reaction bulb by the bottleneck of reaction bulb; Said reaction tube is arranged in the reaction bulb, and the lower end of reaction tube is fixedly arranged on reaction bulb bottom center position, and the upper end extends in the discharge; Said discharge upper end is provided with the connecting hole suitable with tap funnel, and tap funnel passes the inside that connecting hole on the discharge stretches to reaction tube; Said discharge top and reaction bulb bottleneck closely cooperate;

In the said structure, said tap funnel comprises that liquid contain to carry capsule and is connected in liquid to be contained and carries the capsule lower end and contain with liquid and carry the conduit that capsule communicates, and the position of containing year capsule near liquid on the conduit is provided with a piston valve;

In the said structure, said liquid is contained to carry between capsule and the discharge upper end and is communicated with a barometric pipe;

In the said structure, said discharge comprises body and is connected in the pipe lid of the band frosted mouth of body upper end that pipe covers to form on the bottleneck that is fastened on reaction bulb and is sealed and matched;

In the said structure, said pipe covers and is provided with connecting hole, and said tap funnel lower end is passed connecting hole and stretched in the reaction tube;

In the said structure, the bottleneck of said reaction bulb is the frosted bottleneck;

In the said structure, said reaction bulb is a conical flask;

In the said structure, said reaction bulb, tap funnel, discharge, reaction tube, piston valve are that glass material is processed.

The utility model beneficial effect is:

1, apparatus integration: the utility model through certain connection, is formed an integral type experimental provision with reaction bulb, reaction tube, discharge, tap funnel;

2, unite two into one: in reactor, add reagent (adding minute quantity copper (Cu) in the reaction tube) before the experiment, add a small amount of red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) in the tap funnel), and assemble package unit.1. the generation of nitrogen dioxide: the piston valve on the rotation tap funnel, add a small amount of red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) (HNO3), produce a large amount of nitrogen dioxide gas (NO2) immediately.2. nitrogen dioxide and water reaction: after nitrogen dioxide gas in the discharge (NO2) collection is full, from the water of effusion of discharge end opening and entering reaction bulb, react with water.Easy operation and two experiments unite two into one, greatly the required time of reduction experiment;

3, practice thrift reagent: the consumption of red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) and copper sheet is about the 1/3-1/4 of original test tube experiment consumption;

4, phenomenon is obvious: the experiment beginning, collected a large amount of rufous nitrogen dioxide gas (NO2) in the discharge; It is high-visible that reaction tube lower liquid (Cu (NO3) 2 strong solutions) is bottle green; After the reaction of red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) and copper sheet stops, because of NO2 is prone to and the water reaction, form negative pressure in the discharge, the water in the reaction bulb is drawn onto in the discharge, and rufous is taken off gradually in the pipe, and the product NO of NO2 and water reaction generates NO2 with airborne oxygen reaction again.The final water surface rises to the 2/3-3/4 place of discharge approximately.The generation of nitrogen dioxide and the experimental phenomena that reacts with water thereof, quite clear;

5, connect closely: the bottleneck of reaction bulb adopts the frosted bottleneck, and discharge and tap funnel are linked to be integral body, form good sealing effectiveness;

6, corrosion resistance: package unit all adopts glass material to process, and red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) can not cause corrosion to it;

7, safety and environmental protection; This tester is the system of a sealing, and the toxic gas nitrogen dioxide (NO2) of generation is sealed in the reaction bulb fully.Because NO2 is soluble in water, therefore, the reaction bulb internal gas pressure can not increase suddenly, and can reach balance fast, has guaranteed the safety and the environmental protection of experiment.Make the experiment of the relevant NO2 of teachers and students Wen Zhise change become simple and direct, simple and clear, funny and relaxed safely.

[description of drawings]

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model

Among the figure: 1, reaction bulb 11, bottleneck 2, tap funnel 21, liquid are contained and are carried capsule 22, conduit 3, discharge 31, body 32, frosted mouth 4, reaction tube 5, piston valve 6, barometric pipe.

[embodiment]

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment the utility model is described further:

With reference to shown in Figure 1, the tester that the utility model has disclosed producing of a kind of nitrogen dioxide and reacted with water, it comprises reaction bulb 1, tap funnel 2, discharge 3, reaction tube 4.Wherein, the external diameter of said reaction tube 4 is less than the internal diameter of discharge 3; The upper end closed of said discharge 3, the lower end is stretched in the reaction bulb 1 by the bottleneck 11 of reaction bulb 1, and is good near position at the bottom of 1 bottle of the reaction bulb; Said reaction tube 4 is arranged in the reaction bulb 1; The lower end of reaction tube 4 is vertically located in reaction bulb 1 bottom center position; The upper end extends in the discharge 3, and promptly discharge 3 lower ends are sheathed on the reaction tube 4, so that when experiment, collect gas and gas is imported reaction bulb 1 bottom (in the water); Said discharge 3 upper ends and tap funnel 2 are linked to be integral body, and tap funnel 2 passes the inside that connecting hole on the discharge 3 stretches to reaction tube 4; The bottleneck 11 of said discharge 3 tops and reaction bulb 1 closely cooperates, between tap funnel 2 and the connecting hole, fuse between the discharge.

Still with reference to Fig. 1; Tap funnel 2 comprises liquid Sheng year capsule 21 and is connected in liquid contains the conduit 22 that year capsule 21 lower ends communicate with liquid Sheng year capsule 21; Contain the position of carrying capsule 21 near liquid on the conduit 22 and be provided with a piston valve 5; This piston valve 5 is controlled at liquid in the experimentation and contains the size of carrying fluid flow in the capsule 21 or the speed under the fluid drips; Said liquid is contained and is carried capsule 21 and be communicated with a barometric pipe 6 with discharge 3 upper ends, and this barometric pipe 6 can guarantee that in experimentation liquid contains the air pressure that carries in the capsule 21 and equate with air pressure in the reaction bulb 1, and the pipe that said discharge 3 comprises body 31 and is connected in the band frosted mouth 32 of body 31 upper ends covers; Pipe covers to form on the bottleneck 11 that is fastened on reaction bulb 1 and is sealed and matched; Preferable, the bottleneck 11 of reaction bulb 1 is designed to the bottleneck 11 of frosted structure, can further increase the tightness of pipe lid and bottleneck 11.Cover in said pipe and to be provided with connecting hole, said tap funnel 2 lower ends are passed connecting hole and are stretched in the reaction tube 4, owing to adopt frosted mouth 32, the conduit 22 of tap funnel 2 also has good sealing property between covering with pipe, is difficult for the phenomenon that leaks air.Discharge 3 in the utility model also can be other structures, can satisfy that excellent sealing gets final product between itself and the reaction bulb 1, also can pass through some seal auxiliary seals.In addition, when specifically using, on the reaction tube 4 that also can in reaction bulb 1, fix, overlap a small test tube in addition and make reaction tube, after each experiment, the reaction tube that only needs to change this activity gets final product.

Because nitrogen dioxide is produced employed reagent red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) is arranged, and red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) has very strong oxidisability and corrosivity, therefore, adopt transparent glass material to manufacture parts such as reaction bulb 1, tap funnel 2, discharge 3, reaction tube 4, piston valve 5.Advantage has two: one of which prevents that each parts from owing to long-term the use is corroded, increasing the serviceable life of this tester; Its two, be convenient to the experimental phenomena in the observing response process.Preferable, said reaction bulb 1 adopts conical flask, has can avoid in the reaction bulb liquid to spill and positive effect such as heat-resisting.

Concrete experimentation:

1, before the experiment, the inspection impermeability; In reaction bulb 1, add an amount of water, the water yield preferably surpasses 2-3 centimetre of discharge lower end; In reaction tube 4, add copper; In the tap funnel 2 that piston valve 5 is closed, add a certain amount of red fuming nitric acid (RFNA); Again each assembly assembling is accomplished.

2, experimentation only needs rotary-piston type valve 5, red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) splash into to the reaction tube 4 with copper carry out chemical reaction: Cu+4HNO3 (dense)=Cu (NO3) 2+2H2O+2NO2 ↑; The nitrogen dioxide (NO2) that generates accumulates in the discharge 3 and (is sealing state in the reaction bulb 1; Gas can not leak outside), be rufous in discharge 3 and the reaction tube 4, and reaction tube 4 bottom layer liquids are bottle green; The water surface rises in the reaction bulb 1, and this process is the process of producing of nitrogen dioxide (NO2); And when the nitrogen dioxide of assembling in the discharge 3 was abundant, nitrogen dioxide just got in the water of reaction bulb 1, reacts with water: 3NO2+H2O=2HNO3+NO ↑.

When 3, the reaction of red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) and copper sheet stopped: because of NO2 is prone to and the water reaction, form negative pressure in the discharge 3, the water in the reaction bulb 1 was drawn onto in the discharge 3, and rufous is taken off gradually in the discharge 3.NO2 in the product again with airborne oxygen reaction 2NO+O2=2NO2 ↑, the final water surface rises to the 2/3-3/4 place of discharge 3 approximately.

To sum up, the utility model forms an integral type tester device with reaction bulb 1, reaction tube 4, discharge 3, tap funnel 2 through certain assembling.Use this tester to experimentize, it is easy and simple to handle, can realize producing and uniting two into one with two experiments of water reaction of nitrogen dioxide, greatly reduction experiment required time; Secondly, use this tester to experimentize, its phenomenon is obvious: when nitrogen dioxide is produced, produce a large amount of rufous nitrogen dioxide gas (NO2) in the discharge 3; It is high-visible that reaction tube 4 lower liquid (Cu (NO3) 2 strong solutions) are bottle green; After reaction stops, the phenomenon that NO2 and water reaction (rufous is taken off gradually) and the water surface rise, quite clear; Safety and environmental protection once more; This tester is the system of a sealing, and the nitrogen dioxide of generation (NO2) is sealed in the reaction bulb 1 fully, because NO2 is soluble in water; Behind the full nitrogen dioxide (NO2) of collection in the discharge 3, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas is overflowed from end opening, immediately with water generation chemical reaction; Therefore, reaction bulb 1 internal gas pressure can not increase suddenly, and can reach balance fast; Guaranteed the safety and the environmental protection of experiment, made the experiment of the relevant NO2 of teachers and students Wen Zhise change become simple and direct, simple and clear, funny and relaxed safely.

According to the announcement and the instruction of above-mentioned instructions, those skilled in the art in the invention can also carry out suitable change and modification to above-mentioned embodiment.Therefore, the embodiment that discloses and describe above the present invention is not limited to also should fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention modifications more of the present invention and change.In addition, although used some specific terms in this instructions, these terms are explanation for ease just, the present invention is not constituted any restriction.

Claims

A nitrogen dioxide produce and with the tester of water reaction, it is characterized in that: it comprises reaction bulb, tap funnel, discharge and reaction tube, wherein, the external diameter of said reaction tube is less than the internal diameter of discharge; The upper end closed of said discharge, the lower end is stretched in the reaction bulb by the bottleneck of reaction bulb; Said reaction tube is arranged in the reaction bulb, and the lower end of reaction tube is fixedly arranged on reaction bulb bottom center position, and the upper end extends in the discharge; Said discharge upper end is provided with the connecting hole suitable with tap funnel, and tap funnel passes the inside that connecting hole on the discharge stretches to reaction tube; Said discharge top and reaction bulb bottleneck closely cooperate.
Nitrogen dioxide according to claim 1 produce and with the tester of water reaction; It is characterized in that: said tap funnel comprises that liquid contain to carry capsule and is connected in liquid to be contained and carries the capsule lower end and contain with liquid and carry the conduit that capsule communicates, and the position of containing year capsule near liquid on the conduit is provided with a piston valve.
Nitrogen dioxide according to claim 1 and 2 produce and with the tester of water reaction, it is characterized in that: said liquid is communicated with a barometric pipe between containing and carrying on capsule and the discharge.
Nitrogen dioxide according to claim 1 and 2 produce and with the tester of water reaction; It is characterized in that: said discharge comprises body and is connected in the pipe lid of the band frosted mouth of body upper end that pipe covers to form on the bottleneck that is fastened on reaction bulb and is sealed and matched.
Nitrogen dioxide according to claim 4 produce and with the tester of water reaction, it is characterized in that: said pipe covers and is provided with connecting hole, said tap funnel lower end is passed connecting hole and is stretched in the reaction tube.
Nitrogen dioxide according to claim 1 produce and with the tester of water reaction, it is characterized in that: the bottleneck of said reaction bulb is the frosted bottleneck.
Nitrogen dioxide according to claim 1 produce and with the tester of water reaction, it is characterized in that: said reaction bulb is a conical flask.
Nitrogen dioxide according to claim 1 produce and with the tester of water reaction, it is characterized in that: said reaction bulb, tap funnel, discharge, reaction tube, piston valve are that glass material is processed.