CN202372437U - Road friction coefficient measurement device - Google Patents
Road friction coefficient measurement device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN202372437U CN202372437U CN2011204290838U CN201120429083U CN202372437U CN 202372437 U CN202372437 U CN 202372437U CN 2011204290838 U CN2011204290838 U CN 2011204290838U CN 201120429083 U CN201120429083 U CN 201120429083U CN 202372437 U CN202372437 U CN 202372437U
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- flywheel
- friction coefficient
- friction
- control instrument
- rotating speed
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a road friction coefficient measurement device, which comprises a computer, a control instrument and a friction coefficient measurer, wherein the friction coefficient measurer comprises a flywheel, a motor, a sensor and at least three rubber blocks; the motor is used for driving the flywheel to rotate at preset speed; the rubber blocks are positioned on the lower surface of the flywheel and contacted with a road surface to be measured; the sensor is used for measuring the change of the rotating speed of the flywheel and friction of the rubber blocks during rotation of the flywheel; the control instrument is connected with the friction coefficient measurer and used for acquiring the rotating speed and the friction which are measured by the sensor and sending the rotating speed and the friction to the computer; and the computer is connected with the control instrument and used for obtaining a friction coefficient of the road surface to be measured according to the rotating speed and the friction and displaying a measurement result. The road friction coefficient measurement device has a wide measurement range, high portability and high data precision and is low in cost and easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of device that road surface properties is measured, and relates in particular to road friction factor (claiming attachment coefficient again) is measured, and specifically, relates to a kind of rotary surface friction coefficient measurement mechanism.
Background technology
The measurement of surface friction coefficient is the emphasis of pavement friction subject study always, and the pavement of road friction coefficient measurement method that adopts at present is a lot, gets up can be divided into three kinds of braking distance method, portable pendulum tester method and test carriage methods but summarize.
The braking distance method is comparatively simple detection computations method.Four-wheel minibus or carts so that certain speed goes on the road surface of humidity when four wheels are braked, draw friction factor according to automobile braking equation under even low speed driving condition.The braking equation is:
can be known by this formula, as long as measure initial velocity v and stopping distance s just can draw friction factor φ.Because the friction co-efficient value that records is relevant with the speed of a motor vehicle, so the value of obtaining can only be regarded the mean value of the velocity range when the braking beginning is extremely stopped fully as.Therefore the measured friction factor of this method can not show the surface slipperinness property of testing the place fully.The characteristics of this method are that method of testing is simple, and test speed is fast, but precision is not high, and in test process, must suspend traffic.Particularly under fair speed, carry out the continuity brake, certain danger is arranged on Slippery road.So the generally less use in reality of this method is as just the auxiliary measuring means.
The portable pendulum tester method is based on the measuring method of portable pendulum tester.Portable pendulum tester is developed according to conservation of energy principle by Britain's exploitation.A rubber slide block is adorned in the pendulum bottom surface of portable pendulum tester, and when pendulum during from the free bottom of certain altitude, slider surface is with the contact of experiment pendulum face.Owing to pendulum produces braking with the friction between the experiment face, make pendulum can not get back to original height, can only get back to certain altitude.Friction co-efficient value is reflected by the pointer designated value of swing.The advantage of the method is that principle is simple, test easy, the actual friction factor in the time of on little rough texture mechanism road surface, reflecting low speed driving (for example 10kmh).Not only can be used for indoor field test bituminous pavement and the cement concrete pavement of also can be used for.Shortcoming is to carry out the pavement skid resistance property testing with portable pendulum tester; Speed is slow, and efficient is low, thereby can not carry out all fronts test to the long highway of mileage; And can only select some highway section sample survey, this makes test result characterize certain one-sidedness that has of pavement skid resistance property.In addition; Be fixed test during test, in test process, must suspend traffic, influenced traffic to guarantee staff's safety; Also influenced the economic benefit of road operation; Test result is influenced greatly by human factor, and detection speed is slow, only is applicable to that the cling property when ordinary highway does not possess friction coefficient testing car detects.
The test carriage method is a method of utilizing a test carriage to measure.Test carriage has pulling type and monomer-type.The Soviet Union, Japan, Britain develop the product of oneself in succession.Because the complex structure of test carriage is mainly used in research work in the past, is used for actual friction coefficient measurement work by some developed countries at present.Through on vehicle, setting up testing wheel and relevant device, can measure the friction factor under the different speed of a motor vehicle and the different wheel load.This is a kind of measuring friction coefficient method relatively reliably.This method efficient is high, but price is very expensive.
Therefore, each defectiveness of traditional friction coefficient measuring apparatus.Braking distance method precision is low, and measuring method is complicated.The portable pendulum tester method can only be done fixed test, and measurement data has one-sidedness, especially is not suitable at a high speed and the surface friction coefficient test of length of mileage.Test carriage method complex structure, with high costs, difficult in maintenance, can't widely apply.
The utility model content
On the basis of further investigation surface friction coefficient test philosophy, in conjunction with the characteristics of domestic and international surface friction coefficient measuring equipment, utilization electronic technology and computer technology; The utility model provides a kind of novel pavement friction coefficient measurement equipment; Measurement range is wide, good portability, and data precision is high; Cost is low, and is simple to operate.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; The utility model provides a kind of road friction coefficient measuring apparatus; It is characterized in that, comprise computing machine, control instrument and friction coefficient measuring apparatus, wherein: said friction coefficient measuring apparatus comprises flywheel, motor, sensor and at least three block rubbers; Wherein said motor is used to drive said flywheel and rotates at a predetermined velocity; Said block rubber is positioned at the lower surface of said flywheel, is used for contacting with road surface to be measured, and said sensor is used for measuring rotation speed change and the said block rubber of said flywheel in the suffered friction force of said flywheel rotary course; Said control instrument is connected with said friction coefficient measuring apparatus, is used to gather measured rotating speed of said sensor and frictional force data, and sends to said computing machine; Said computing machine is connected with said control instrument, is used for the friction factor that draws said road surface to be measured according to the said rotating speed of measuring and friction force and shows measurement result.
Preferably; Said sensor comprises speed probe and force transducer; Said speed probe is used for measuring the rotating speed of the said flywheel of rotation at a predetermined velocity in said motor outage back to stopped process, and said force transducer is used to measure the suffered friction force of said block rubber under different rotating speeds.
Preferably, between said control instrument and said friction coefficient measuring apparatus, also comprise the Electronic Control valve, said Electronic Control valve is used for the break-make according to the said motor of instruction control of said control instrument.
Preferably, said control instrument comprises storer and controller, and said storer is used for the rotating speed and the friction force of storage of collected, and said controller is used to control the transmitting-receiving of said rotating speed of motor, data and the break-make of said Electronic Control valve.
Preferably, said controller is the ARM device.
Preferably, said block rubber is the fixing standard rubbers piece of Shore hardness, is evenly distributed on the lower surface of said flywheel.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following advantage:
The measurement mechanism volume of the utility model is little, and precision is high, and is portable strong, simple to operation, can be applicable to various surface friction coefficient tests such as pitch, cement by the automobile storage battery powered operation in the open air.
The measurement mechanism of the utility model fully uses mature technologies such as pavement detection technology, physics, electronics, computer software, automatic control, and meets the pavement detection relevant criterion that country formulates.Concrete, have the advantage of the following aspects:
(1) versatility is good
Can directly be used for the detection of the surface friction coefficient of multiple different materials, can adapt in the higher speed of a motor vehicle and the pavement detection under multiple weather condition.
(2) be easy to expand
Have good expansion mechanism and extended interface.On the one hand can guarantee under the prerequisite of system compatibility that safely and fast adding to the support of new equipment, can allow the user according to actual conditions the hardware system and the software systems of native system to be carried out secondary development on the other hand.
(3) reliable and stable
Consider that factors such as temperature, humidity, pressure, vibrations are to the influence that equipment caused in the actual working environment of equipment, the assurance system is reliable operation, stable performance under the working environment of regulation.Power supply, ground connection for the measurement mechanism of the utility model also all should have been carried out handled, data acquisition, process control generally all isolate.
(4) intellectuality
Whole measuring process realizes highly intelligent automaticization, reduces manual intervention to greatest extent.
(5) upgrading easily
The software of the measurement mechanism of the utility model and embedded system are based upon on the open platform with good development prospect, can adapt to new application demand rapidly through small-scale upgrading in one long period, constantly improve to have function.
Further feature of the utility model and advantage will be set forth in instructions subsequently, and, partly from instructions, become obvious, perhaps understand through implementing the utility model.The purpose of the utility model can realize through the structure that in instructions, claims and accompanying drawing, is particularly pointed out and obtain with other advantages.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is used to provide the further understanding to the utility model, and constitutes the part of instructions, is used to explain the utility model with the embodiment of the utility model, does not constitute the restriction to the utility model.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the principle of work block diagram according to the embodiment of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the example structure synoptic diagram according to the utility model.
Embodiment
Below will combine accompanying drawing and embodiment to specify the embodiment of the utility model, how the application technology means solve technical matters to the utility model whereby, and the implementation procedure of reaching technique effect can make much of and implement according to this.Need to prove that only otherwise constitute conflict, each embodiment in the utility model and each characteristic among each embodiment can mutually combine, formed technical scheme is all within the protection domain of the utility model.
Fig. 1 is the principle of work block diagram according to the embodiment of the utility model.The friction coefficient measuring apparatus of the utility model mainly is made up of friction coefficient measuring apparatus, control instrument and portable computer.
Fig. 2 is the example structure synoptic diagram according to the utility model.With reference to Fig. 2, friction coefficient measuring apparatus comprises sensor, high-speed electric expreess locomotive, flywheel, the physical construction that block rubber and each several part are connected etc.High-speed electric expreess locomotive drives the speed that flywheel reaches test request, in test process, constantly sends a large amount of real time datas to the control instrument that is connected through signal transmssion line with friction coefficient measuring apparatus through sensor.Block rubber is at least three, is evenly distributed on the lower surface of flywheel, is the fixing standard rubbers piece of Shore hardness, is used for contacting with road surface to be measured.Sensor can comprise speed probe and force transducer, is respectively applied for rotational speed and the suffered friction force of block rubber of measuring flywheel.
Control instrument pick-up transducers data are controlled friction coefficient measuring apparatus according to setting measurement parameter, in store sensor data, data are sent to the computing machine that is connected through signal transmssion line with control instrument.And can implement manual intervention to measuring process, and between control instrument and friction coefficient measuring apparatus, can be provided with the Electronic Control valve, the Electronic Control valve is accepted the instruction of control instrument, and measuring process is implemented switch control.Control instrument can comprise storer and controller, and storer is used for the data of storage of collected, and controller is used to control the transmitting-receiving of rotating speed of motor, data and the break-make of Electronic Control valve.
Computing machine can be a portable computer, accepts to show measurement result through software after the data, and the measurement data mode that reads (for example mode such as curve map, form) can be set as required.
The principle of work of the utility model is following:
Can know that by physics on surface level, friction factor is a two articles when doing relative motion, the dimensionless factor that the horizontal opposite force of surface of contact and the ratio of vertical force obtain.Measure the friction factor on surface between various objects in this method just commonly used on physics and the practical engineering application.
In the actual motion process, road surface relative standard's block rubber attachment coefficient is often to change.The standard rubbers piece of certain load contacts with the road surface and advances with certain speed, and according to mechanics principle, the peak adhesion coefficient equals the ultimate value of horizontal direction acting force and the ratio of vertical direction acting force.So,, be the friction force on standard rubbers piece and the road level direction as long as measure the horizontal direction acting force.Just can record the peak adhesion coefficient.Surface friction coefficient can be expressed with following formula: μ=f/N.
In the formula: μ is a friction factor; N is the normal pressure (weight that comprises mechanical fastening systems such as flywheel) on the standard rubbers piece vertical direction; F is the friction force on standard rubbers piece and the ground level direction.
Therefore, record the longitudinal frictional force f on standard rubbers piece and road surface, i.e. horizontal direction pulling force just can obtain the friction factor on road surface.
According to above principle; The friction coefficient measuring apparatus of the utility model utilize flywheel and block rubber and fixedly the own wt of the physical construction of flywheel and block rubber as the normal pressure N on the block rubber vertical direction; Through recording the suffered friction force f of block rubber, calculate coefficientoffriction.Adopt high-performance bearing and slide rail in the coupling part, keep stablizing of normal pressure N as far as possible.And use high-precision speed probe and force transducer, guarantee the accuracy of measurement data.
The concrete workflow of the utility model is following:
Operating personnel are flat on friction coefficient measuring apparatus on the road surface that needs to measure friction factor; As for the test SBR, this moment, flywheel and road surface were contactless with the Electronic Control valve, after the high-speed electric expreess locomotive power supply; The flywheel high speed rotating; After the speed that reaches setting (for example 90 kilometers/hour), control instrument sends the motor cut-offing instruction automatically, stops gradually under the friction force effect that makes flywheel and its fixed mechanical partly rely on deadweight and road surface to produce; In this process, speed probe and force transducer transfer to control instrument with data in real time.Be sent to portable computer after data are handled through the control instrument internal circuit and obtain measurement result (for example curve map or form etc.), whole measuring process finishes.
Because the measuring process time is very short, generally at 3 to 5 seconds, the data measured amount was very big; Transmission and processing requirements are all very high; Control instrument in the utility model is as data processing and control core, and the selection of controller plays crucial effects, and it directly affects the performance of total system.What controller used is than common single-chip microcomputer more high integration to be arranged, and the ARM device of CPU and more jumbo storer is faster arranged.
The application software of the utility model is to adopt the VC++ language development, why selects for use this language to be because the program compilation execution speed of this language is fast, is fit to very much the needs of real-time acquisition process.For clear and definite institute designed system, at first to carry out overall design, the function of promptly wanting clear and definite PC control software to realize to the designed software structure.According to the designing requirement of system, in system, whole software partly comprises data test and data processing two parts, and wherein part of detecting comprises functions such as communication test interface, inputting interface, display interface.Data processing comprises functions such as parameter setting, data statistics processing and report printing.
Certainly; The utility model also can have other various embodiments; Under the situation that does not deviate from the utility model spirit and essence thereof; Those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the utility model, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of the claim of the utility model.
Claims (6)
1. a road friction coefficient measuring apparatus is characterized in that, comprises computing machine, control instrument and friction coefficient measuring apparatus, wherein:
Said friction coefficient measuring apparatus comprises flywheel, motor, sensor and at least three block rubbers; Wherein said motor is used to drive said flywheel and rotates at a predetermined velocity; Said block rubber is positioned at the lower surface of said flywheel; Be used for contacting with road surface to be measured, said sensor is used for measuring rotation speed change and the said block rubber of said flywheel in the suffered friction force of said flywheel rotary course;
Said control instrument is connected with said friction coefficient measuring apparatus, is used to gather measured rotating speed of said sensor and friction force, and sends to said computing machine;
Said computing machine is connected with said control instrument, is used for the friction factor that draws said road surface to be measured according to the said rotating speed of measuring and friction force and shows measurement result.
2. device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said sensor comprises speed probe and force transducer; Said speed probe is used for measuring the rotating speed of the said flywheel of rotation at a predetermined velocity in said motor outage back to stopped process, and said force transducer is used to measure the suffered friction force of said block rubber under different rotating speeds.
3. device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, between said control instrument and said friction coefficient measuring apparatus, also comprises the Electronic Control valve, and said Electronic Control valve is used for the break-make according to the said motor of instruction control of said control instrument.
4. device according to claim 3; It is characterized in that; Said control instrument comprises storer and controller, and said storer is used for the rotating speed and the frictional force data of storage of collected, and said controller is used to control the transmitting-receiving of said rotating speed of motor, data and the break-make of said Electronic Control valve.
5. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that said control instrument comprises the ARM device.
6. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said block rubber is the fixing standard rubbers piece of Shore hardness, is evenly distributed on the lower surface of said flywheel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011204290838U CN202372437U (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2011-11-02 | Road friction coefficient measurement device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011204290838U CN202372437U (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2011-11-02 | Road friction coefficient measurement device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202372437U true CN202372437U (en) | 2012-08-08 |
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ID=46596134
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011204290838U Expired - Fee Related CN202372437U (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2011-11-02 | Road friction coefficient measurement device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN202372437U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105510223A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2016-04-20 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Methods and systems for estimating road surface friction coefficient using self aligning torque |
| CN109507106A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-22 | 东北大学 | Snowfield friction coefficient measuring apparatus and measurement method |
| WO2023029067A1 (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-03-09 | 东北大学 | Portable intelligent robot for automatic measurement of snow surface friction coefficient |
-
2011
- 2011-11-02 CN CN2011204290838U patent/CN202372437U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105510223A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2016-04-20 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Methods and systems for estimating road surface friction coefficient using self aligning torque |
| CN105510223B (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2019-10-25 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | For using the method and system of self calibration torque estimation surface friction coefficient |
| CN109507106A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-22 | 东北大学 | Snowfield friction coefficient measuring apparatus and measurement method |
| WO2023029067A1 (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-03-09 | 东北大学 | Portable intelligent robot for automatic measurement of snow surface friction coefficient |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120808 Termination date: 20131102 |