A kind of ball disc type lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance
[technical field]
The utility model relates to a kind of tester, especially relates to a kind of ball disc type tester that is used for test lubricant bullet stream friction force.
[background technology]
Known; Elastohydrodynamic lubrication is called for short elastohydrodynamic lubrication; It is the hydrodynamic lubrication problem between elastic surface in the contact of research dotted line; Specifically be meant in the process that two solid surface with relative motion are in contact with one another, consider that the Hydrodynamic of elastic deformation and lubricating oil viscosity variation effect of solid is lubricated; Driving member such as rolling bearing, gear is to be in ehl status in most cases; Can form one deck elastohydrodynamic lubrication oil film between two contact elements; The bullet stream rubbing characteristics of oil film is very big to the dynamic behavior influence of driving members such as rolling bearing, gear, can cause the excessive slip of rolling body like the oil film friction force that exists between bearing roller and the raceway; The inertial load that excessive slip produced of rolling body has determined the order of severity of rolling body and retainer collision; This has greatly influenced the kinetic stability and the serviceable life of retainer; If do not control, will cause the destruction of retainer, thereby badly influence the serviceable life of rolling bearing; Because different lubricants has different rubbing characteristicss; Therefore; Carry out slip and the rolling that design bearing can not only be controlled rolling body according to the frictional behaviour of lubricant, and can control the stability of retainer to a great extent, simultaneously the serviceable life of corresponding raising bearing; From the above, lubricant bullet stream friction force is to carry out driving members such as rolling bearing, gear to design one of requisite significant data, and therefore, the accuracy of lubricant bullet stream friction testing device just seems particularly important;
At present; Research to lubricant friction force; That on four ball frictional testing machines, tests is more, but four ball frictional testing machines can only simulate the sliding motion between two contact elements, and its friction force only can the test lubricant boundary lubrication time; The companion of the slip between two contact elements rolling condition in the reality can not be simulated, ehl status can not be simulated; Secondly; Can also test lubricant friction force through ball disc type lubricating oil friction force testing table; But the loading structure of existing ball disc type lubricating oil friction force testing table is divided into two kinds of hydraulic loaded structure and hinge loading structures; Its hydraulic loaded structure has in practical operation and loads unsettled defective, and the swing meeting that the hinge loading structure produces in operation impacts the test of lubricating oil friction force, thereby can't accurately record the friction force of lubricating oil.
[summary of the invention]
In order to overcome the deficiency in the background technology; The utility model discloses a kind of ball disc type lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance; Described tester can be simulated rolling between two contact elements with sliding mode and ehl status, thereby can accurately record the friction force of lubricating oil.
For realizing the foregoing invention purpose, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of ball disc type lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance, described tester comprises underframe, electric principal axis A, electric main shaft B, dish test specimen, ball test specimen, static pressure vertical shaft, carriage, friction force sensor and leverage; Described underframe upper side is set with two vertical sleeves; The electric principal axis A that the inside suit of sleeve A is vertical, the upper side of sleeve A is fixed with the oil sump box; Upper side and the sealing of the outstanding sleeve A of described electric principal axis A upper end stretch in the oil sump box; Described dish test specimen is fixedly mounted on the termination portion that is positioned at the inner electric principal axis A of oil sump box;
The inwall of said sleeve B fixedly mounts a hydrostatic bearing respectively in two ends up and down, and two hydrostatic bearings are isometrical; Described static pressure vertical shaft is socketed in sleeve B inside through the mesopore of two hydrostatic bearings, and the upper side of static pressure vertical shaft is higher than the upper side of sleeve B, and the upper side of static pressure vertical shaft is connected with the bottom surfaces center of carriage; Described sleeve B upper side is equipped with the friction force sensor that is connected with data collector, and the upper side of friction force sensor contacts with the bottom surfaces of carriage; Described electric main shaft B is skewed and is fixedly mounted on the carriage, and the termination sealing that electric main shaft B is positioned at the below stretches to the oil sump box; Described ball test specimen is fixedly mounted on the termination portion that is positioned at the inner electric main shaft B of oil sump box, and the ball test specimen bottom surfaces that is installed on the electric main shaft B is not less than the dish test specimen upper side that is installed on the electric principal axis A;
Described leverage comprises lever, briquetting and electromagnet; Described lever is installed in the below of underframe upper side, and an end of lever is provided with the push rod that upwards runs through the underframe upper side and conflict with static pressure vertical shaft bottom surfaces center, and the other end of lever connects briquetting; Described briquetting is by can being processed by the material of electromagnet absorption, and the weight of briquetting is greater than the general assembly (TW) of static pressure vertical shaft, carriage and electric main shaft B; Described electromagnet is fixedly mounted on the position of vertical corresponding briquetting upper side on the underframe.
Described ball disc type lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance, described oil sump box comprises box body and sealing lid; Described box body upper side is made as the uncovered of corresponding sealing lid, and the bottom center of box body is provided with the through hole that extends to middle part in the box body, and the inwall upper end, hole of through hole is set with and the supporting O-ring seal A of electric principal axis A upper end head diameter; The one lateral body wall upper end of box body is provided with and is through to the inner perforation of box body, and the perforation inwall is set with and the supporting O-ring seal B of electric main shaft B below termination diameter.
Described ball disc type lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance; The diameter of said ball test specimen is 20mm; The diameter of said dish test specimen is 80mm, and the ball test specimen with the dish test specimen surfaceness be 0.02mm, the loading scope is 10~150N; The rolling speed scope is 10~50m/s, the Film Thickness Ratio λ of bullet stream oil film>3; Wherein, λ=hmin/ σ, hmin are minimum oil film thickness, and σ is ball test specimen and the comprehensive roughness of coiling test specimen.
Described ball disc type lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance; Described carriage is the column structure that a middle part is provided with inclined via-hole; The external diameter of the diameter of inclined via-hole and electric main shaft B is supporting, and is provided with two fastening screws that connect respectively to inclined via-hole at least at bracket surface.
Described ball disc type lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance, described fastening screw is perpendicular to inclined via-hole.
Described ball disc type lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance, described electromagnet is to the electromagnetic force of briquetting and the total force of making a concerted effort to equal electric main shaft B, carriage and static pressure vertical shaft of briquetting weight.
Described ball disc type lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance, described carriage upper side fixed installation is useful on the weighted platform that loads counterweight.
Described ball disc type lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance, described friction force sensor is a digital sensor.
Owing to adopt aforesaid technical scheme, the utlity model has following beneficial effect:
The described ball disc type of the utility model lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance is through electric principal axis A and electric main shaft B drive dish test specimen and the rotation of ball test specimen respectively; When the dish test specimen contacts with the ball test specimen; Lubricating oil to be tested in the oil sump box can be entrainmented goal dish contact region, then, adjusts the rotating speed of electric principal axis A and electric main shaft B respectively; Make that the ball test specimen is different with the dish linear velocity of test specimen at the contact point place and produce and slide relatively, thereby reached purpose that simulating the companion's sliding mode that rolls between two contact elements; Because the diameter of ball test specimen is 20mm, the diameter of dish test specimen is 80mm, and the surfaceness of ball test specimen and dish test specimen is 0.02mm; The loading scope is 10~150N, and the rolling speed scope is 10~50m/s, has promptly effectively guaranteed the Film Thickness Ratio λ of bullet stream oil film>3; Thereby guaranteed that the contact region between ball test specimen and the dish test specimen is in complete ehl status, wherein, λ=hmin/ σ; Hmin is a minimum oil film thickness, and σ is ball test specimen and the comprehensive roughness of coiling test specimen; Under function of friction, electric main shaft B and carriage can deflect around the axis of static pressure vertical shaft, thereby reach through carriage compressing friction force sensor, and the purpose of utilizing friction force sensor that related data is collected through the data collector record;
When test; Adjust the rotating speed of electric principal axis A or electric main shaft B; Can record the different sliding numerical value that roll than play lubricating oil bullet stream friction force, change load, electric principal axis A and electric main shaft B speed and, can record the numerical value that lubricating oil bullet under different loads, the different rolling speed flows friction force; Because the friction force between static pressure vertical shaft and the hydrostatic bearing is far smaller than the friction force between static pressure vertical shaft and the general rolling bearing; So when electric main shaft B, carriage and static pressure vertical shaft during around static pressure vertical shaft axis tilt; Friction factor between static pressure vertical shaft and the hydrostatic bearing is than more than the little one magnitude of friction coefficient of lubricating oil to be tested; Thereby reach the friction of ignoring between static pressure vertical shaft and the hydrostatic bearing, promptly realized accurately recording the purpose of lubricating oil friction force; In addition, can in test process, control the position of electric main shaft B, control ball test specimen and dish better and contact the purpose of raising dish test specimen utilization factor between the test specimen thereby reached through adjusting described carriage effectively; Secondly; The general assembly (TW) of utilizing described leverage can reach in test process to eliminate electric main shaft B, carriage and static pressure vertical shaft to load influence, but also can play in stopped status or the effectively effect that is not damaged of protection ball test specimen and dish test specimen during sudden power to ball test specimen and dish test specimen contact method; Simultaneously, utilize described leverage and load counterweight, can directly read the numerical value of normal load, promptly reached accurate, the stable and simple purpose of loading.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the cut-away view of said oil sump box;
Fig. 3 is the another kind of structural representation of the utility model.
Among the figure: 1, underframe; 2, sleeve A; 3, sleeve B; 4, electric principal axis A; 5, oil sump box; 6, dish test specimen; 7, hydrostatic bearing; 8, static pressure vertical shaft; 9, carriage; 10, friction force sensor; 11, electric main shaft B; 12, ball test specimen; 13, lever; 14, briquetting; 15, electromagnet; 16, push rod; 17, box body; 18, sealing lid; 19, through hole; 20, O-ring seal A; 21, perforation; 22, O-ring seal B; 23, inclined via-hole; 24, fastening screw; 25, weighted platform.
[embodiment]
Can explain the utility model in more detail through following embodiment, the purpose of open the utility model is intended to protect all variations and the improvement in the utility model scope, and the utility model is not limited to following embodiment;
In conjunction with accompanying drawing 1~2 described a kind of ball disc type lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance, described tester comprises underframe 1, electric principal axis A 4, electric main shaft B 11, dish test specimen 6, ball test specimen 12, static pressure vertical shaft 8, carriage 9, friction force sensor 10 and leverage; Described underframe 1 upper side is set with two vertical sleeves; The electric principal axis A 4 that the inside suit of sleeve A 2 is vertical, the upper side of sleeve A 2 is fixed with oil sump box 5; Upper side and the sealing of the outstanding sleeve A 2 of described electric principal axis A 4 upper ends stretch in the oil sump box 5; Described dish test specimen 6 is fixedly mounted on the termination portion of the electric principal axis A 4 that is positioned at oil sump box 5 inside; Promptly drive dish test specimen 6 rotations that are positioned at oil sump box 5 through electric principal axis A 4; And electric principal axis A 4 when rotated, and the lubricating oil to be measured in the oil sump box 5 can not flow out along the outer wall of electric principal axis A 4 yet;
The inwall of said sleeve B 3 fixedly mounts a hydrostatic bearing 7 respectively in two ends up and down, and two hydrostatic bearings 7 are isometrical; Described static pressure vertical shaft 8 is socketed in sleeve B 3 inside through the mesopore of two hydrostatic bearings 7, and promptly static pressure vertical shaft 8 can utilize two hydrostatic bearings 7 to slide up and down in the inside of sleeve B 3; The upper side of static pressure vertical shaft 8 is higher than the upper side of sleeve B 3, and the upper side of static pressure vertical shaft 8 is connected with the bottom surfaces center of carriage 9, thereby reaches the purpose that carriage 9 is moved up and down with static pressure vertical shaft 8 in stressed uniform state; Described sleeve B 3 upper side are equipped with the friction force sensor 10 that is connected with data collector; And the upper side of friction force sensor 10 contacts with the bottom surfaces of carriage 9; Thereby when ball test specimen 12 contacts with dish test specimen 6; By carriage 9 power that receives is passed to friction force sensor 10, and utilizes friction force sensor 10 that related data is collected through the data collector record; For making the sensing effect more accurate, friction force sensor 10 is made as digital sensor;
Described electric main shaft B 11 is skewed and is fixedly mounted on the carriage 9; And the termination sealing that electric main shaft B 11 is positioned at the below stretches to oil sump box 5; Described ball test specimen 12 is fixedly mounted on the termination portion of the electric main shaft B 11 that is positioned at oil sump box 5 inside; Promptly drive ball test specimen 12 rotations that are positioned at oil sump box 5 through electric main shaft B 11, and electric main shaft B 11 when rotated, the lubricating oil to be measured in the oil sump box 5 can not overflow along the outer wall of electric main shaft B 11 yet; For ball test specimen 12 and dish test specimen 6 are come in contact, ball test specimen 12 bottom surfaces that are installed on the electric main shaft B 11 are not less than dish test specimen 6 upper side that are installed on the electric principal axis A 4; On carriage 9, fixedly be skewed electric main shaft B 11 for being more convenient for; Described carriage 9 is the column structure that a middle part is provided with inclined via-hole 23; The external diameter of the diameter of inclined via-hole 23 and electric main shaft B 11 is supporting; And be provided with two fastening screws 24 that connect respectively to inclined via-hole 23 at least on carriage 9 surfaces; Thereby be inserted in the inclined via-hole 23 at electric main shaft B 11, and when being in the appropriate location, can carry out fastening spacing to electric main shaft B 11 through the screw of in fastening screw 24, tightening; In addition, adjust the position of electric main shaft B 11, can make the ball test specimen 12 that is installed in electric main shaft B 11 ends be in best contact position with dish test specimen 6 along the center line of inclined via-hole 23, thus the corresponding utilization factor that has improved dish test specimen 6; Be the fastening position-limiting action of the screw in the fastening screw 24 of further enhancing to electric main shaft B 11, described fastening screw 24 is all perpendicular to inclined via-hole 23.
Described oil sump box 5 comprises box body 17 and sealing lid 18; Described box body 17 upper side are made as the uncovered of corresponding sealing lid 18; The bottom center of box body 17 is provided with the through hole 19 that extends to middle part in the box body 17; And the inwall upper end, hole of through hole 19 is set with and the supporting O-ring seal A 20 of electric principal axis A 4 upper end head diameters; Thereby guaranteed electric principal axis A 4 when rotated, the lubricating oil to be measured in the oil sump box 5 can not flow out along the outer wall of electric principal axis A 4; The one lateral body wall upper end of box body 17 is provided with the perforation 21 that is through to box body 17 inside; 21 inwalls of boring a hole are set with and the supporting O-ring seal B 22 of termination, electric main shaft B 11 below diameter; Promptly guaranteed electric main shaft B 11 when rotated, the lubricating oil to be measured in the oil sump box 5 can not overflow along the outer wall of electric main shaft B 11;
Described leverage comprises lever 13, briquetting 14 and electromagnet 15; Described lever 13 is installed in the below of underframe 1 upper side; One end of lever 13 is provided with the push rod 16 that upwards runs through underframe 1 upper side and contact with static pressure vertical shaft 8 bottom surfaces centers, promptly can utilize the knee-action of push rod 16 control adjustment static pressure vertical shafts 8 through the action of adjustment lever 13; The other end of lever 13 is connected with by the briquetting 14 that can be processed by the material of electromagnet 15 absorption; And the weight of briquetting 14 is greater than the general assembly (TW) of static pressure vertical shaft 8, carriage 9 and electric main shaft B 11; In addition; Described electromagnet 15 is fixedly mounted on the position of vertical corresponding briquetting 14 upper side on the underframe 1; Promptly utilized the weight of briquetting 14 to guarantee when no test operation, ball test specimen 12 can not come in contact with dish test specimen 6, and when test operation; Then come effectively contacting between the control ball test specimen 12 and dish test specimen 6 through the absorption affinity of adjustment electromagnet 15 pairs of briquettings 14, the general assembly (TW) of having eliminated electric main shaft B 11, carriage 9 and static pressure vertical shaft 8 simultaneously is to ball test specimen 12 and coil test specimen 6 contact methods to load influence; Control the acting force between electromagnet 15 and the briquetting 14 for being more convenient for, equal the electromagnetism absorption affinity of 15 pairs of briquettings 14 of described electromagnet and briquetting 14 weight with joint efforts the total force of electric main shaft B 11, carriage 9 and static pressure vertical shaft 8.
When implementing the described ball disc type of the utility model lubricant bullet stream friction testing appearance; In oil sump box 5, inject an amount of tested lubricating oil earlier; Make electric principal axis A 4 and electric main shaft B 11 drive dish test specimen 6 and 12 rotations of ball test specimen respectively again; Thereby make the tested lubricating oil in the oil sump box 5 entrainmented goal dish contact region, the counterweight that utilizes the absorption affinity of 15 pairs of briquettings 14 of electromagnet then and on carriage 9, load corresponding weight makes ball test specimen 12 and coils test specimen 6 and accurately contact; At this moment,, not only load accurately when therefore operating described tester because the counterweight weight that loads is the normal load between ball test specimen 12 and the dish test specimen 6, and easy to operate; In practical operation, load counterweight for being more convenient for, with reference to accompanying drawing 3, can be useful on the weighted platform 25 that loads counterweight in described carriage 9 upper side fixed installation;
Under the effect of normal load; Ball test specimen 12 contacts with dish test specimen 6 and certain elastic deformation takes place; Can form one deck elastic fluid dynamic pressure oil film between the ball dish contact region, at this moment, through adjusting the rotating speed of two electric main shafts; Make to produce relatively between ball test specimen 12 and dish test specimen 6 surface in contacts and slide that then the stream of the bullet between two surface in contacts oil film will produce friction force to ball test specimen 12 and dish test specimen 6; Under the friction force effect; Electric main shaft B 11 is deflected around the axis of static pressure vertical shaft 8 with carriage 9; Thereby compressing friction force sensor 10 converts force signal into digital signal through friction force sensor 10, and collects the related data of friction force through the data collector record; Electromagnet 15 outages when EOT, static pressure vertical shaft 8 are by 16 jack-up of the push rod on the lever 13, and ball test specimen 12 is thrown off with dish test specimen 6, realizes unloading.
The utility model does not detail part for prior art, so the utility model does not detail it.