CN202338335U - System for tracking downhole running state of gas production plunger - Google Patents
System for tracking downhole running state of gas production plunger Download PDFInfo
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- CN202338335U CN202338335U CN2011205037517U CN201120503751U CN202338335U CN 202338335 U CN202338335 U CN 202338335U CN 2011205037517 U CN2011205037517 U CN 2011205037517U CN 201120503751 U CN201120503751 U CN 201120503751U CN 202338335 U CN202338335 U CN 202338335U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a system for tracking a downhole positioning and running state of a plunger. The system comprises a ground monitoring subsystem and a plunger monitoring subsystem, wherein the plunger monitoring subsystem is controlled by the ground monitoring subsystem; the ground monitoring subsystem acquires a sound wave pulse signal transmitted in an oil pipe, and processes and analyzes the sound wave pulse signal to obtain a plunger running parameter, so that a plunger running state is obtained in real time; and a combined body consisting of a shock absorption spring and a pressing cap is arranged at each of two ends of the plunger monitoring subsystem. According to a downhole positioning and running state tracking technology for the plunger, the fixed shortcomings of the conventional plunger running state forecasting mode based on a math model are overcome, and a tool and a measure which are used for acquiring and measuring parameters in real time and directly are supplied; the ineffective production time of the plunger is shortened; the running efficiency of the system is improved; the failure-free production period of a plunger hoisting system is prolonged; the single-well yield of a gas well is increased; and the stable production and the economic benefit of a gas field are improved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to oil gas field production gas technology field, relates generally to a kind of collection of pit shaft manufacturing parameter and measuring system that management and production optimization foundation are provided for natural gas well liquid discharging gas producing work production system.
Background technology
Along with the demand of national economy to clean energy resource constantly increases, the shared ratio of gas consumption rises year by year, and is also increasingly high to the development and use attention degree of natural gas resource.In recent years, the large-scale commercial applications of unconventional gas resource melts and sends out the general layout that has changed world's market for natural gas.Along with the recovery percent of reserves raising in gas field, many gas wells have got into low pressure, low stage of well yield.The gas well flow velocity is low excessively, can not reach the critical flow quantity of taking of gas well, and fluid-carrying capability is poor, and the shaft bottom progressively produces hydrops, and wellbore pressure raises, and finally causes well to be crushed to death, and can't produce.Therefore, must take effectively to remove hydrops technology to guarantee the long-term stable yields of gas well.
On-the-spot at present multiple liquid discharging gas producing technology, the necessary external energy that consumes of technology such as sucker rod pump, electric submersible pump of using.Plunger lift is a kind of batch (-type) lifting method that utilizes the energy of reservoir own to take liquid (shown in accompanying drawing 1).Plunger be one with oil pipe be complementary can be in oil pipe free-swimming piston.During work, first closing well improves bottom pressure, and pressure rises in the time of satisfying the lifting requirement and drives a well, and the plunger 5 in shaft bottom relies on the pressure of gas well in oil pipe, to rise, and rises to well head lubricator 1 always.The switch of pipeline is controlled to adjust by electric switching valve 3 and electronic controller 4; What be positioned at main valve 8 tops is that plunger arrives sensor 9; When plunger 5 arrived sensor 9 through plunger, plunger arrived sensor 9 and sends signal to electronic controller 4, and electronic controller 4 is opened electric switching valve 3; Liquid is discharged from pipeline threeway 2, and natural gas is from oil jacket annular space output.Along with the continuous extraction of natural gas, wellbore pressure descends, and electric switching valve 3 is closing well again, and plunger 5 relies on self gravitation to fall to the shaft bottom, begins next pressure recovery process.Wellbore bottom has bottom damper 6, prevents that plunger from falling behind damage 5 times.Gas well drives a well and forms the work period of a plunger lift with closing well, cycle repeats this periodically move just can be shaft bottom hydrops and the continuous extraction of natural gas (shown in accompanying drawing 1).Through plunger lift, between the liquid of gas and extraction, form a fixing interface, can effectively prevent the falling of liquid, improve lifting efficiency.Compare with other liquid discharging gas producing technology, plunger lift utilizes reservoir energy fully, and entire system is simple in structure, and cost approximately has only the 1/5-1/4 of sucker rod pump, is fit to very much the needs of gas field middle and later periods exploitation.
The technology of at present, the plunger gas-lift well being carried out production management and optimization can't meet the demands.Because switch valve is used for controlling the up-downgoing campaign of plunger, thus the switching time of switch valve be the major parameter of gas well being implemented manufacture control, and gas well production is dynamically effectively managed the pit shaft manufacturing parameters that must rely in a large number accurately and timely as foundation.At present; Gas well flowing pressure, casing pressure, surface production line pressure equal pressure parameter can obtain through pressure sensor; Utilize existing mature technology just can realize; And other manufacturing parameter does not also have good technological means to carry out effectively monitoring in real time and gather such as the parameter (position of the current operation of plunger, the plunger speed of service and acceleration) of level, liquid-column height, plunger running status, can not realize the real optimization production of plunger lift producing well.The foundation of existing plunger lift production management mainly is a theoretical model, predicts that through model plunger arrives the time in shaft bottom, begins to get into the time of producing fluid level etc., because the defective of model itself can cause predicted value and actual value to have a tremendous difference.The time that drops down onto the shaft bottom such as the model prediction plunger is 2.5 hours; But need just get back to the shaft bottom in 1 hour for actual; Because opening well and making production not causes the liquid of plunger top cumulative for a long time, wait 2.5 hours in the past switch valve open plunger when up; Because fluid column is overweight and the speed of service is too slow, even just, gas pressure consumption make plunger out of service when not arriving well head because descending.In another kind of situation, the plunger of model prediction drops down onto that time in shaft bottom is too short again, and it is just opened to cause plunger also not get into fluid column ground surface on-off valve, and it is up that plunger does not have any liquid of lifting just to begin, and causes the invalid operation of system.In addition, it also is very important grasping the plunger speed of service, if the plunger speed uplink is too fast and in time do not find and control, possibly cause damage to wellhead equipment.It is unpredictable also having a lot of parameter theory models simultaneously, is stuck in the oil pipe when moving such as plunger, is blocked the degree of depth can't obtain through model, need go to judge the physical location of stuck point by other means.
For confirming of producing fluid level, though well head acoustic measurement technology is arranged now, this technology has certain limitation; Owing to do not have tangible interface between gas phase and the liquid phase in the pit shaft; Have foam section sometimes, and these foams also can reflective sound wave, this can make measurement result inaccurate; The producing fluid level of measuring is than actual height, and the switch valve that the optimization process meeting of carrying out based on the producing fluid level parameter of mistake leads to errors opens and closes the time.
The patent about plunger lift of having applied for at present relates to the frame for movement aspect; Not relating to the plunger operational factor directly measures; And the producing fluid level measuring technique all is the application that is used for other artificially lifted wells such as rod-pumped well, still can not be in the aboveground direct employing of plunger lift.The patent No. is that the utility model of CN200971772 relates to a kind of petroleum and natural gas exploitation field that is used for, and particularly is directed against the relay-type plunger lift oil recovery device of air of high gas-liquid ratio well.It is applicable to the plunger lift of the combination oil pipe of up big and down small two kinds of diameters, has enlarged the scope of application of plunger lift technology.It mainly is made up of well head part, down-hole part and plunger three parts, and it is characterized in that: oil pipe is the up big and down small combination tubing string of internal diameter, and the buffer spring of down-hole part, oil pipe fastener are installed in the little oil pipe of bottom; The relay-type plunger is connected through the flap spring-loaded pawl by between big plunger and small plunger, and big plunger is installed in the Big Inch of top, and big plunger hollow also can take off automatically with the banjo fixing butt jointing on the small plunger, connect, and small plunger is installed in the little oil pipe of bottom.Small plunger is lifting in little oil pipe, and small plunger docks back lifting in the major diameter oil pipe with big plunger, and the dependence inertia force that takes off, connects little, big plunger is realized automatically, makes full use of stratum output gas promotion plunger motion and recovers the oil or water pumping gas production.The patent No. is that 200920033774 patent relates to a kind of well fluid level double sound source self-operated measuring unit, includes shell, and nitrogen cylinder is positioned at the lower floor of enclosure interior; High-pressure rubber pipe one end is connected on the nitrogen cylinder bottleneck; The other end is connected on the relief valve of gas dome front end, and the upper left side of internal box is provided with circuit board, is followed successively by power module on the circuit board, calculates memory module and acoustic signals amplification module; Can acoustic signals be converted into the signal of telecommunication is sent to circuit board and calculates the velocity of sound and liquid level position and storage; The data of storage can supply outer computer to read at any time continuously, both can utilize well site sleeve pipe accompanying gas, can utilize nitrogen to measure well fluid level automatically again; The frequency of utilization of nitrogen reduces, and the accompanying gas in the sleeve pipe of well site has obtained utilization.
The utility model content
The technical problem that the utility model solves is: provide a kind of gas production with plunger down-hole running status tracking system, with improvement or overcome or the multinomial defective that prior art exists.
The technical solution of the utility model comprises: location, a kind of plunger down-hole and running status tracking system; Said plunger comprises plunger body and instrument seating nipple assembly; This system comprises the ground monitoring subsystem and is installed on the plunger monitoring subsystem in the said instrument seating nipple assembly; Said plunger monitoring subsystem is accepted the control of said ground monitoring subsystem; Said ground monitoring subsystem is gathered the sound wave pulse signal that transmits in the oil pipe in real time, carries out obtaining the plunger operational factor after the Treatment Analysis, in order to obtain the plunger running status in real time; Said instrument seating nipple assembly comprises instrument seating nipple body, fishing head, damping spring and pressure cap; Said fishing head is located at the top of said instrument seating nipple body, and respectively there is the assembly of one group of said damping spring and said pressure cap at the two ends of said plunger monitoring subsystem, and the plunger monitoring subsystem is positioned, cushions.
Location, aforesaid plunger down-hole and running status tracking system; Wherein, Said ground monitoring subsystem is that plunger is contacted with the tubing coupling position and the sound wave pulse signal that produces is gathered in real time and measured, and obtains the plunger operational factor, with identification plunger running status.
Location, aforesaid plunger down-hole and running status tracking system, wherein, said plunger monitoring subsystem is accepted the control of said ground monitoring subsystem and is sent the sound wave pulse signal, and the fluid media (medium) in the said oil pipe is as the sonic transmissions medium.
Location, aforesaid plunger down-hole and running status tracking system wherein, also have been installed with sample devices, oil pressure/cover pressure sensor and/or temperature pick up in the said instrument seating nipple assembly.
Location, aforesaid plunger down-hole and running status tracking system, wherein, the lower end of said plunger is equiped with the plunger bypass valve that is used to accelerate the downstream rate of plunger in oil pipe.
Location, aforesaid plunger down-hole and running status tracking system, wherein, said ground monitoring subsystem comprises plunger operation processing module, ground display device, ground system power supply, ground pinger and ground acoustic receiver; Wherein, other each ingredients of said plunger operation processing module and ground monitoring subsystem couple, and control the action of said ground pinger and ground acoustic receiver; Shape information after plunger operation processing module will be handled reaches on the display device of ground, and the site operation personnel can send various control intervention instruction to system according to real-time plunger running state information.
Location, aforesaid plunger down-hole and running status tracking system; Wherein, said plunger monitoring subsystem comprises plunger system power supply, plunger pinger, plunger acoustic receiver, input-output equipment, plunger system clock, plunger controller and coding module; Said plunger controller couples with other modules of said plunger monitoring subsystem mutually; Said input-output equipment comprises the sensor of can the down-hole installing; Said plunger pinger and plunger acoustic receiver embed the external surface of instrument seating nipple body respectively, and said plunger pinger is to couple through coding module and said plunger detection subsystem; Said plunger acoustic receiver receives the control instruction of ground monitoring subsystem; And it is reached the plunger controller; Under the control of ground monitoring subsystem instruction; The plunger monitoring subsystem is carried out corresponding operation, when needing the emission sound wave pulse, the plunger controller through coding module under the adjusting of plunger system clock by plunger pinger monitoring subsystem emission sound wave pulse signal earthward.
Location, aforesaid plunger down-hole and running status tracking system, wherein, said plunger pinger adopts the electro-acoustic transducer of piezoelectric ceramics or magnetostriction materials.
The utility model provides a kind of gas production with location, plunger down-hole and running status tracking system, this system can gather and measure the operational factor of plunger in real time accurately.Plunger after the improvement and wellhead assembly are furnished with corollary equipments such as pinger, receiver, controller, power supply jointly.When gas well is produced, plunger with the fluid media (medium) in the oil pipe and/or oil pipe tube wall as the sonic transmissions medium, the measurements and calculations error of having brought when having avoided greatly only with a kind of medium.
This system can adopt several method that the plunger running status is followed the tracks of, and both can use wherein a kind of method separately, also can use several method simultaneously.These methods comprise:
(1) tubing coupling pulse monitoring method: the plunger monitoring subsystem was closed when this method was used, and when plunger moves in oil pipe and the continuous contact friction of tube wall, the sound wave pulse signal that in oil pipe, produces can transfer to the ground monitoring subsystem along body.The every box cupling position of plunger through oil pipe; Instantaneous fluctuation can take place once in the sound wave pulse signal; The receiver of ground monitoring subsystem just can be known the oil pipe quantity of plunger process through the quantity of record fluctuation; And the length of oil pipe is known, so just can know the degree of depth of plunger in oil pipe, and can calculate the speed of service of plunger by the time difference through two positions; Plunger has remarkable difference at the sound wave pulse signal that gets into the fluid column front and back, and the ground monitoring subsystem can be judged the position of liquid level through the difference of identification signal.
(2) down-hole-ground continuous monitoring method: system is when work; Under the control of system clock, send sound wave pulse continuously by the plunger monitoring subsystem; Sound wave pulse transfers to well head by gas medium in the pipe; The ground monitoring subsystem through processing such as amplification, filtering, sampling frequency conversions, filters out stable wave mode behind the received pulse signal.These wave modes are through processing, explanation and the calculating of digital signal processor (DSP) and controller (MCU); Obtain the real-time each item operational factor of plunger and pit shaft, comprise the degree of depth, up-downgoing speed, the up-downgoing acceleration of plunger in oil pipe, drop down onto the time in shaft bottom, the time that gets into producing fluid level, the position of producing fluid level, the height of fluid column etc.
When there is long foam section in the fluid column top in the oil pipe; Adopt second method may produce error; Be preferably the employing first method; Promptly utilize the oil pipe body to carry out the signal transmission, to guarantee the validity of system keeps track plunger running status, for the field management personnel provide important evidence to the reasonable control and the optimization of producing.
Location, the plunger down-hole of the utility model and running status tracking technique have overcome the inherent defect of traditional plunger running status predictive mode based on Mathematical Modeling; Real-time, more directly parameter acquisition and survey tool and means are provided; Shorten the invalid production time of plunger, improved the operational efficiency of system, prolonged the fault-free production cycle of plunger hoisting system; Help improving the gas well well yield, help the raising of the stable yields and the economic benefit in gas field.
The technology of the utility model can be used for the liquid discharging gas producing operation of all kinds of gas wells, comprises routine and unconventional gas reservoir development wells such as gas stringer, the depleted gas well of gas reservoir pressure, the condensate gas gas well in exploitation later stage, tight gas gas well, shale gas gas well, coal bed gas gas well.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing plunger liquid discharging gas producing system.
Fig. 2 is the plunger tool combinations sketch map of being furnished with the instrument seating nipple that the utility model adopted.
Fig. 3 is the instrument seating nipple and the plunger monitoring subsystem of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the composition sketch map of plunger monitoring subsystem of a specific embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 5 is that the ground monitoring subsystem of a specific embodiment of the utility model is formed block diagram.
Fig. 6 is the workflow sketch map of down-hole-ground continuous monitoring method of adopting of a specific embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 7 is the workflow sketch map of the tubing coupling pulse monitoring method that adopts of a specific embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 8 is the tubing coupling pulse monitoring method that adopts in the application example of the utility model and the workflow sketch map of down-hole-ground continuous monitoring method.
Main drawing reference numeral explanation:
1-lubricator assembly; The threeway of 2-pipeline; The 3-electric switching valve;
The 4-electronic controller; The 5-plunger; 6-bottom damper;
7-oil pipe stop; The 8-main valve; 9-plunger catcher;
The 10-plunger arrives sensor; 11-instrument seating nipple assembly; The 12-plunger body;
13-plunger bypass valve; The 14-fishing head; The 15-damping spring;
The 16-pressure cap; 17-instrument seating nipple body; 18-plunger monitoring subsystem;
19-plunger pinger; 20-plunger acoustic receiver; 21-plunger system power supply;
22-input-output equipment; 23-plunger system clock; 24-plunger controller;
The 25-coding module; 26-ground display device; The instruction of 27-Artificial Control;
28-plunger operation processing module; 29-ground system power supply; The 30-vent valve;
31-ground pinger; 32-ground acoustic receiver; 33-ground transaucer group.
The specific embodiment
The utility model proposes location, a kind of plunger down-hole and running status tracking system; Said plunger comprises plunger body and instrument seating nipple assembly; This system comprises the ground monitoring subsystem and is installed on the plunger monitoring subsystem in the said instrument seating nipple assembly; Said plunger monitoring subsystem is accepted the control of said ground monitoring subsystem; Said ground monitoring subsystem is gathered the sound wave pulse signal that transmits in the oil pipe in real time, carries out obtaining the plunger operational factor after the Treatment Analysis, in order to obtain the plunger running status in real time; Said instrument seating nipple assembly comprises instrument seating nipple body, fishing head, damping spring and pressure cap; Said fishing head is located at the top of said instrument seating nipple body, and respectively there is the assembly of one group of said damping spring and said pressure cap at the two ends of said plunger monitoring subsystem, and the plunger monitoring subsystem is positioned, cushions.
Preferably, the ground monitoring subsystem comprises plunger operation processing module, ground display device, ground system power supply, ground pinger and ground acoustic receiver; Wherein, other each ingredients of said plunger operation processing module and ground monitoring subsystem couple, and control the action of said ground pinger and ground acoustic receiver; Shape information after plunger operation processing module will be handled reaches on the display device of ground, and the site operation personnel can send various control intervention instruction to system according to real-time plunger running state information, the manufacturing parameter of adjustment, optimization system.And, can also control the switching of electric switching valve and vent valve according to measured plunger uplink state parameter, thereby realize the coupled columns speed adjusting of line speed beyond the Great Wall.
Preferably, the ground monitoring subsystem is that plunger is contacted with the tubing coupling position and the sound wave pulse signal that produces is gathered in real time and measured, and obtains the plunger operational factor, with identification plunger running status.Further, the number of times of this system sound wave pulse signal generation momentary fluctuation during through the every box cupling position through oil pipe of record plunger is known the oil pipe quantity of plunger process thus; Can also obtain the degree of depth of plunger in oil pipe and the speed of service of plunger by time difference through two positions; And, significantly different according to plunger at the sound wave pulse signal that gets into before and after the fluid column, judge the position of liquid level through the difference of identification sound wave pulse signal.
In a specific embodiment of the utility model, said plunger monitoring subsystem is accepted the control of said ground monitoring subsystem and is sent the sound wave pulse signal, and utilizes the interior fluid media (medium) of oil pipe as the sonic transmissions medium.
In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the plunger monitoring subsystem comprises plunger system power supply, plunger pinger, plunger acoustic receiver, input-output equipment, plunger system clock, plunger controller and coding module; Said plunger controller couples with other modules of said plunger monitoring subsystem mutually; Said input-output equipment comprises the sensor of can the down-hole installing; Said plunger pinger and plunger acoustic receiver embed the external surface of instrument seating nipple body respectively, and said plunger pinger is to couple through coding module and said plunger detection subsystem; Said plunger acoustic receiver receives the control instruction of ground monitoring subsystem; And it is reached the plunger controller; Under the control of ground monitoring subsystem instruction; The plunger monitoring subsystem is carried out corresponding operation, when needing the emission sound wave pulse, the plunger controller through coding module under the adjusting of plunger system clock by plunger pinger monitoring subsystem emission sound wave pulse signal earthward.
The utility model based on the location, plunger down-hole of acoustic measurement technology and running status tracking system can solve traditional plunger running status based on Mathematical Modeling follow the tracks of with the error of Predicting Technique greatly, can not grasp shortcoming such as real-time pit shaft manufacturing parameter; But this technology coupled columns is filled in location, the real-time down-hole of row; Its kinematic parameter is effectively gathered and monitored; And the situation of change of producing fluid level in the well followed the tracks of, for the optimization production of gas well provides important basis.The whole system compact conformation, operating efficiency is high, and safety is good, does not influence normally carrying out of gaslift production operation during system works.
In order to be beneficial to the technical scheme of further accurately understanding the utility model, be elaborated below in conjunction with the location, plunger down-hole and the running status tracking system of accompanying drawing to the utility model.
To shown in Figure 5, location, plunger down-hole and running status tracking system are divided into two parts like Fig. 2, and a part is the ground monitoring subsystem, and another part is the plunger monitoring subsystem.Be furnished with the plunger of location, down-hole and running status tracing subsystem and mainly form (combining shown in Figure 2) by instrument seating nipple assembly 11, plunger body 12 and plunger bypass valve 13.Wherein, the plunger monitoring subsystem is installed in the instrument seating nipple assembly 11, and plunger body 12 can adopt prior art constructions, and plunger bypass valve 13 is optional arrangement, and purposes is to accelerate the downstream rate of plunger in oil pipe.
Instrument seating nipple assembly 11 (as shown in Figure 3) mainly is made up of fishing head 14, damping spring 15, pressure cap 16, instrument seating nipple body 17, plunger monitoring subsystem 18, plunger pinger 19 and plunger acoustic receiver 20.Instrument seating nipple body 17 is a tubular structure, and fishing head 14 is positioned at the top of instrument seating nipple, and it is the structural member that meets the API standard, is used for the salvaging and the recovery of whole plunger instrument.The assembly of damping spring 15 and pressure cap 16 respectively is provided with one group at the two ends of plunger monitoring subsystem 18, is used for plunger monitoring subsystem 18 is positioned, and plays the effect of bumper and absorbing shock.Instrument seating nipple body 17 is used the stainless steel manufacturing, and to protect inner electronic instrument, the center is provided with the inlet opening of strip, and the downhole sensor that is used to optional dress provides feed pathway.Except plunger monitoring subsystem 18, can also hold other downhole instrument, in the instrument seating nipple assembly 11 such as pressure, sample devices etc.Plunger monitoring subsystem 18 (as shown in Figure 4) mainly is made up of plunger pinger 19, plunger acoustic receiver 20, plunger system power supply 21, input-output equipment 22, plunger system clock 23, plunger controller 24 and coding module 25.Plunger pinger 19 and plunger acoustic receiver 20 embed the external surface of instrument seating nipple body 17 respectively, and are connected with the inner module of seating nipple.Plunger system power supply 21 is 24 power supplies of plunger controller; Plunger acoustic receiver 20 receives the control instruction of ground monitoring subsystem; And it is reached plunger controller 24; Under the control of surface instruction, the plunger monitoring subsystem is carried out corresponding operation, changes dormancy etc. over to like emission sound wave pulse, system.When needing the emission sound wave pulse, plunger controller 24 is through coding module 25, under the adjusting of plunger system clock 23 by plunger pinger 19 monitoring subsystem emission sound wave pulse signal earthward.Input-output equipment 22 comprises the downhole instrument of optional dresses such as sensor.For reducing volume, plunger pinger 19 employing piezoelectric ceramics or magnetostriction materials are as the core component of electro-acoustic transducer.
Ground monitoring subsystem (as shown in Figure 5) mainly is made up of ground display device 26, Artificial Control instruction 27, plunger operation processing module 28, ground system power supply 29, electric switching valve 3, vent valve 30, ground pinger 31, ground acoustic receiver 32 and ground transaucer group 33.Wherein, plunger operation processing module 28 comprises compositions such as controller (MCU), I/O interface, digital signal processing module (DSP), memory module, system clock.The equipment that plunger operation processing module 28 is used to control mainly comprises electric switching valve 3, vent valve 30, ground pinger 31 and ground acoustic receiver 32.If the plunger speed uplink is too fast; Make that through the of short duration electric switching valve 3 of closing the plunger speed uplink is slack-off,, make the pressure of plunger upper part descend through the of short duration vent valve 30 of opening if the plunger speed uplink is slow excessively; Thereby increase the pressure reduction at plunger two ends, the speed uplink of plunger can be accelerated gradually.Ground pinger 31 has a variety of, and commonly used is air gun, utilizes extraneous compressed gas source or gas well sleeve pipe gas as pressure source, adopts prior art to get final product.Ground acoustic receiver 32 both can receive the sound wave pulse signal that transmits in the oil pipe, can receive the sound wave pulse signal that the oil pipe body transmits again.Information such as waveform after plunger operation processing module 28 will be handled reach on the ground display device 26, and the site operation personnel can send various control intervention instruction to system according to real-time plunger running state information, the manufacturing parameter of adjustment, optimization system.
Main running status tracking to system relates to is concluded:
(1) down-hole-ground continuous monitoring method (workflow is as shown in Figure 6): plunger is in the well head lubricator; At first the ground monitoring subsystem carries out initialization operation through 31 pairs of plunger monitoring subsystems of pinger; Plunger receiver 20 reaches plunger controller 24 with instruction after receiving signal; Plunger controller 24 starts the plunger monitoring subsystem, and foundation is write to each other with the ground monitoring subsystem.The ground monitoring subsystem receives that through acoustic receiver 32 the initial launch state (comprising current location, speed etc.) that begins plunger after the feedback signal of plunger monitoring subsystem calibrates and record.After initialization operation is accomplished; Electric switching valve 3 is closed; The plunger instrument begins descending; Plunger is constantly launched the sound wave pulse signal earthward through pinger 19 in the descending process, and the plunger operation processing module 28 inner digital signal processing modules (DSP) of ground monitoring subsystem carry out operations such as preposition amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, digital filtering, sampling frequency conversion to the signal of receiving, reach controller (MCU) to the information after handling.Through the processing of controller (MCU), information is sent to display device 26 and supplies the field operation man analysis.In this plunger operation processing module 28, the conventional analogue wave filter is replaced by the digital filter in the digital signal processor (DSP), employing be the oversampled digital signal treatment technology, system samples to input signal with very high sample rate.The significant difference of pulse signal before and after utilizing, plunger operation processing module 28 can be discerned and judge plunger and when get into fluid column, when dropped down onto the shaft bottom.In addition, depth difference and the time difference through two points of plunger can calculate instantaneous velocity.
After electric switching valve 3 was opened, plunger began to move upward from the shaft bottom, and during plunger was up, the operating principle of system was identical with downstream cycle, repeats no more here.And; The utility model also can be controlled the switching of electric switching valve and vent valve according to measured plunger uplink state parameter; Thereby realize coupled columns beyond the Great Wall the speed of line speed regulate, please with reference to shown in Figure 6, when plunger operation processing module 28 monitors the plunger speed of service when having surpassed safety value; To start 4 pairs of switch valves of electronic controller 3 and implement of short duration shutoff operation, to reduce the plunger speed uplink; Cross slow and when being lower than the economic exploitation threshold (being the economic lower limit among Fig. 6) when plunger operation processing module 28 monitors the plunger speed of service; Electronic controller 4 starts and the of short duration vent valve 30 of opening; To improve the plunger pressure reduction at two ends up and down, accelerate its speed uplink.Plunger in the ground transaucer group 33 arrives sensor 10 and is monitoring plunger behind ground, and plunger catcher 10 is caught the plunger instrument.Simultaneously, the operational factor of a complete work period of plunger is all got off by system log (SYSLOG), for the research in later stage and the formulation of production system provide important evidence.
(2) tubing coupling pulse monitoring method (workflow is as shown in Figure 7): the plunger monitoring subsystem can be in resting state at run duration, and " listens " variation of down-hole sound wave pulse signal passively by the receiver 32 of ground monitoring subsystem.System is after obtaining the plunger initial operational parameter, and plunger begins descending, contact with tube inner wall when plunger is descending and rub, the sound wave pulse signal that is produced through body to being uploaded to the ground monitoring subsystem.When plunger passed through the box cupling of oil pipe, instantaneous fluctuation took place in the sound wave pulse signal, and this fluctuation is caught by the ground monitoring subsystem.Plunger is every during through a box cupling, will produce a fluctuation, so on ground display device 26, can be observed a series of saltus step waveform.Because the distance between the tubing coupling is known definite, therefore, just can calculate the degree of depth of plunger through the quantity of record saltus step.In addition, because that plunger has at the sound wave pulse signal that gets into before and after the fluid column with the box cupling collision produces is significantly different, the ground monitoring subsystem can be judged the position of liquid level through the difference of discerning the sound wave pulse signal.Running status tracking when plunger is up and basic identical when descending.
Be the error of avoiding oil pipe inner foam section that monitoring is brought, can aforementioned down-hole-ground continuous monitoring method and tubing coupling pulse monitoring method be combined common use, give unnecessary details no longer one by one here.
In order to understand the technical scheme of the utility model better, describe below in conjunction with a concrete application example:
A certain plunger down-hole location and running status tracking system are used for 31/2 " in the oil pipe.This system is divided into two parts, and a part is the ground monitoring subsystem, and another part is the plunger monitoring subsystem.Be furnished with the plunger of location, down-hole and running status tracing subsystem and mainly form (as shown in Figure 2) by instrument seating nipple assembly 11, plunger body 12 and plunger bypass valve 13.Wherein, the plunger monitoring subsystem is in instrument seating nipple assembly 11, and plunger body 12 adopts prior art.
Instrument seating nipple assembly 11 (as shown in Figure 3) mainly is made up of fishing head 14, damping spring 15, pressure cap 16, instrument seating nipple body 17, plunger monitoring subsystem 18, plunger pinger 19 and plunger acoustic receiver 20.Fishing head 14 is used for the salvaging and the recovery of whole plunger instrument for meeting the structural member of API standard.The two ends that are combined in plunger monitoring subsystem 18 of damping spring 15 and pressure cap 16 respectively have one group, are used for plunger monitoring subsystem 18 is positioned, and play the effect of bumper and absorbing shock.Instrument seating nipple body 17 external diameter 50mm adopt the stainless steel manufacturing, the electronic instrument that protection is inner, and there is the inlet opening of strip at the middle part, and the downhole sensor that is used to optional dress provides feed pathway.Instrument seating nipple assembly 11 also holds memory-type pressure and temperature pick up has been installed except plunger monitoring subsystem 18, is used for pressure in the oil pipe and temperature parameter are carried out surveying record.Plunger monitoring subsystem 18 (as shown in Figure 4) mainly is made up of plunger pinger 19, plunger acoustic receiver 20, plunger system power supply 21, input-output equipment 22, plunger system clock 23, plunger controller 24 and coding module 25.Plunger pinger 19 and plunger acoustic receiver 20 embed the external surface of instrument seating nipple body 17 respectively, and are connected with the inner module of seating nipple.Plunger system power supply 21 is 24 power supplies of plunger controller; Plunger acoustic receiver 20 receives the control instruction of ground monitoring subsystem; And it is reached plunger controller 24; Under the control of surface instruction, the plunger monitoring subsystem is carried out corresponding operation, changes dormancy etc. over to like emission sound wave pulse, system.When needing the emission sound wave pulse, plunger controller 24 is through coding module 25, under the adjusting of plunger system clock 23 by plunger pinger 19 monitoring subsystem emission sound wave pulse signal earthward.For reducing volume, plunger pinger 19 adopts piezoelectric ceramic technology.The low-frequency sound wave that system adopts frequency to be lower than 2KHz carries out the signal transmission.
Ground monitoring subsystem (combining shown in Figure 5) mainly is made up of ground display device 26, Artificial Control instruction 27, plunger operation processing module 28, ground system power supply 29, electric switching valve 3, vent valve 30, ground pinger 31, ground acoustic receiver 32 and ground transaucer group 33.Wherein, plunger operation processing module 28 comprises compositions such as controller (MCU), I/O interface, digital signal processing module (DSP), memory module, system clock.The control appliance of plunger operation processing module 28 mainly is electric switching valve 3, vent valve 30, ground pinger 31 and ground acoustic receiver 32.Ground pinger 31 adopts air gun, utilizes gas well sleeve pipe gas as source of the gas.The sound wave pulse signal that ground acoustic receiver 32 transmits in both can receiving tube can receive the sound wave pulse signal that the oil pipe body transmits again.Information such as waveform after plunger operation processing module 28 will be handled reach on the ground display device 26, and the site operation personnel can send various control intervention instruction to system according to real-time plunger running state information, the manufacturing parameter of adjustment, optimization system.
As shown in Figure 8, this system adopts down-hole-ground continuous monitoring method and tubing coupling pulse monitoring method simultaneously.Particularly, system sends the acoustic signals firing order by ground subsystem to plunger earlier when work, receives the acoustic signals response that plunger sends by ground subsystem then, and the initial position of plunger is calibrated; After initialization operation was accomplished, electric switching valve 3 was closed, and the plunger instrument begins descending, and descending process center pillar blind system is constantly launched the sound wave pulse signal earthward through pinger 19; The plunger operation processing module 28 inner digital signal processing modules (DSP) of ground monitoring subsystem carry out operations such as preposition amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, digital filtering, sampling frequency conversion to the sound wave pulse signal of receiving, reach controller (MCU) to the information after handling, in this step; The preferable employing feedback ratio of analog-to-digital conversion is than the type converter; Be encoded to binary coding, the CMOS input operational amplifier is adopted in preposition amplification, and Sampling techniques adopt oversampled digital signal to handle; Use anti-aliased narrowband low-pass filter; Comprise tubing coupling wave filter (BPF) and down-hole liquid surface wave wave filter (LPF), concrete technology is a prior art, repeats no more here.Through the processing of controller (MCU), information is sent to display device 26 and supplies the field operation man analysis.
Simultaneously; During plunger was descending, after the ground electronic controller cut out electric switching valve 3, the ground acoustic receiver also write down the acoustic signals that plunger that the oil pipe body transmitted and tube inner wall contact friction are produced; And get into the position that liquid level is judged in the variation of box cupling pulse before and after the fluid column according to the record plunger; The treated plunger of discerning of acoustic signals according to receiving has before come downwards to the shaft bottom, accomplishes the tracking and monitoring to the plunger running status thus, i.e. step before the A among Fig. 8.
During plunger was up, the operating principle of system was identical with downstream cycle, repeats no more here.And the utility model also can be controlled the switching of electric switching valve and vent valve according to measured plunger uplink state parameter, thereby realizes the coupled columns speed adjusting of line speed beyond the Great Wall; Please with reference to shown in the step after the A among Fig. 8, after plunger came downwards to the shaft bottom, electric switching valve was in closed condition; The real-time monitor well downforce of pressure sensor, when this pressure reaches desired value, this electric switching valve 3 of the controller opens of ground monitoring subsystem; Plunger begins up; During plunger is up, utilize the running status of said method Continuous Tracking plunger, when the speed of service that monitors plunger is higher than upper safety limit, then by the of short duration electric switching valve 3 of closing of controller; To reduce the plunger speed uplink, open electric switching valve 3 in the time of in the speed of service drops to safe range again; When the speed of service that monitors plunger is lower than economy down in limited time,,, accelerate its speed uplink to improve the plunger pressure reduction at two ends up and down then by the of short duration vent valve 30 of opening of controller; Normal like the plunger speed of service, then electric switching valve is maintained open mode, plunger continues up, detects plunger until arriving sensor 10, catches the plunger instrument by plunger catcher 10.Simultaneously, the operational factor of a complete work period of plunger is all got off by system log (SYSLOG), for the research in later stage and the formulation of production system provide important evidence.
Locate and the running status tracking technique plunger down-hole based on the acoustic measurement technology that the utility model proposes, and can satisfy the needs of production management of plunger lift well and optimization.This technology has following characteristics:
(1) simple in structure: volume is little, and compact conformation can be installed in various types of liquid discharging gas producings with on the plunger;
(2) signal transmission and ordinary production are independent of each other: be the on-line monitoring pattern during system works, to the not influence of ordinary production of gas well;
(3) safety is good: all module meets explosion-proof standard, and the safety in production of gas well is secure;
(4) compliance is strong: system adopts several different methods that the plunger running status is monitored, and is by gas and two kinds of signal transmission mediums of oil pipe body in the pipe, stronger with the on-the-spot compliance of traditional monitoring compared with techniques;
(5) abundant information is provided: comprise various plunger running status real-time parameters and producing fluid level parameter, and the stuck point position of various emergency such as plunger etc.;
(6) system maintenance is easy: subsystem is directly installed on the plunger, pulls down corresponding module from plunger during maintenance and gets final product.
This technology has overcome the shortcoming of conventional art; Realized real-time monitoring to the plunger operational factor; To effective tracking that running status changes, improved the operating efficiency of system, for the automated production and the management of plunger lift from now on provides important techniques basis and guarantee.This technology helps the raising of gas well well yield, helps the raising of the stable yields and the economic benefit in gas field, has good market prospects.
Though the utility model discloses with specific embodiment; But it is not in order to limit the utility model; Any those skilled in the art; The displacement of the equivalent assemblies of under the prerequisite of design that does not break away from the utility model and scope, having done, or, all should still belong to the category that this patent is contained according to equivalent variations and modification that the utility model scope of patent protection is done.
Claims (9)
1. locate and the running status tracking system plunger down-hole; Said plunger comprises plunger body and instrument seating nipple assembly; It is characterized in that; This system comprises the ground monitoring subsystem and is installed on the plunger monitoring subsystem in the said instrument seating nipple assembly; Said plunger monitoring subsystem is accepted the control of said ground monitoring subsystem, and said ground monitoring subsystem is gathered the sound wave pulse signal that transmits in the oil pipe in real time, carries out obtaining the plunger operational factor after the Treatment Analysis; In order to obtain the plunger running status in real time; Said instrument seating nipple assembly comprises instrument seating nipple body, fishing head, damping spring and pressure cap, and said fishing head is located at the top of said instrument seating nipple body, and respectively there are the one group of said damping spring that said plunger monitoring subsystem is positioned, cushions and the assembly of said pressure cap in the two ends of said plunger monitoring subsystem.
2. location, plunger as claimed in claim 1 down-hole and running status tracking system; It is characterized in that; Said ground monitoring subsystem is that plunger is contacted with the tubing coupling position and the sound wave pulse signal that produces is gathered in real time and measured; Obtain the plunger operational factor, with identification plunger running status.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 plunger down-hole location and running status tracking system; It is characterized in that; Said plunger monitoring subsystem is accepted the control of said ground monitoring subsystem and is sent the sound wave pulse signal, and the fluid media (medium) in the said oil pipe is as the sonic transmissions medium.
4. location, plunger as claimed in claim 1 down-hole and running status tracking system is characterized in that, also have been installed with sample devices, oil pressure/cover pressure sensor and/or temperature pick up in the said instrument seating nipple assembly.
5. location, plunger as claimed in claim 1 down-hole and running status tracking system is characterized in that the lower end of said plunger is equiped with the plunger bypass valve that is used to accelerate the downstream rate of plunger in oil pipe.
6. like claim 1,2,4 or 5 each location, described plunger down-hole and running status tracking systems; It is characterized in that said ground monitoring subsystem comprises plunger operation processing module, ground display device, ground system power supply, ground pinger and ground acoustic receiver; Wherein, other each ingredients of said plunger operation processing module and ground monitoring subsystem couple, and control the action of said ground pinger and ground acoustic receiver; Shape information after plunger operation processing module will be handled reaches on the display device of ground, and the site operation personnel can send various control intervention instruction to system according to real-time plunger running state information.
7. like claim 1,2,4 or 5 each location, described plunger down-hole and running status tracking systems; It is characterized in that said plunger monitoring subsystem comprises plunger system power supply, plunger pinger, plunger acoustic receiver, input-output equipment, plunger system clock, plunger controller and coding module; Said plunger controller couples with other modules of said plunger monitoring subsystem mutually; Said input-output equipment comprises the sensor of can the down-hole installing; Said plunger pinger and plunger acoustic receiver embed the external surface of instrument seating nipple body respectively, and said plunger pinger is to couple through coding module and said plunger detection subsystem; Said plunger acoustic receiver receives the control instruction of ground monitoring subsystem; And it is reached the plunger controller; Under the control of ground monitoring subsystem instruction; The plunger monitoring subsystem is carried out corresponding operation, when needing the emission sound wave pulse, the plunger controller through coding module under the adjusting of plunger system clock by plunger pinger monitoring subsystem emission sound wave pulse signal earthward.
8. location, plunger as claimed in claim 7 down-hole and running status tracking system is characterized in that said plunger pinger adopts the electro-acoustic transducer of piezoelectric ceramics or magnetostriction materials.
9. location, plunger as claimed in claim 6 down-hole and running status tracking system; It is characterized in that said plunger monitoring subsystem comprises plunger system power supply, plunger pinger, plunger acoustic receiver, input-output equipment, plunger system clock, plunger controller and coding module; Said plunger controller couples with other modules of said plunger monitoring subsystem mutually; Said input-output equipment comprises the sensor of can the down-hole installing; Said plunger pinger and plunger acoustic receiver embed the external surface of instrument seating nipple body respectively, and said plunger pinger is to couple through coding module and said plunger detection subsystem; Said plunger acoustic receiver receives the control instruction of ground monitoring subsystem; And it is reached the plunger controller; Under the control of ground monitoring subsystem instruction; The plunger monitoring subsystem is carried out corresponding operation, when needing the emission sound wave pulse, the plunger controller through coding module under the adjusting of plunger system clock by plunger pinger monitoring subsystem emission sound wave pulse signal earthward.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011205037517U CN202338335U (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2011-12-06 | System for tracking downhole running state of gas production plunger |
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| CN2011205037517U CN202338335U (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2011-12-06 | System for tracking downhole running state of gas production plunger |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103670352A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2014-03-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Automatic control method for removal of gas well deposition liquid |
| CN104514520A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Plunger piston gas lifting controller with remote transmission and remote control functions and method thereof |
| CN104806229A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-07-29 | 西南石油大学 | Plunger gas-lift drainage/gas production logging system and control method thereof |
| WO2018000701A1 (en) * | 2016-06-26 | 2018-01-04 | 江苏省金峰石油机械制造有限公司 | Casing overflow monitoring apparatus |
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2011
- 2011-12-06 CN CN2011205037517U patent/CN202338335U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103670352A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2014-03-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Automatic control method for removal of gas well deposition liquid |
| CN103670352B (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2016-06-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The autocontrol method of long-pending liquid got rid of by a kind of gas well |
| CN104514520A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Plunger piston gas lifting controller with remote transmission and remote control functions and method thereof |
| CN104806229A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-07-29 | 西南石油大学 | Plunger gas-lift drainage/gas production logging system and control method thereof |
| CN104806229B (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2017-07-18 | 西南石油大学 | Plunger lift water pumping gas production production logging system and its control method |
| WO2018000701A1 (en) * | 2016-06-26 | 2018-01-04 | 江苏省金峰石油机械制造有限公司 | Casing overflow monitoring apparatus |
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Granted publication date: 20120718 Termination date: 20201206 |