CN202303351U - Multiple internal circulation fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass - Google Patents
Multiple internal circulation fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN202303351U CN202303351U CN2011203813265U CN201120381326U CN202303351U CN 202303351 U CN202303351 U CN 202303351U CN 2011203813265 U CN2011203813265 U CN 2011203813265U CN 201120381326 U CN201120381326 U CN 201120381326U CN 202303351 U CN202303351 U CN 202303351U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multiple internal circulation fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass, which is mainly composed of a multiple internal circulation and separation material-returning device, an air distributing plate, a flow-guiding integration air cap, a feeding system, a heating surface arranging and soot-blowing decoking system. The air distributing plate is in a dish shape. An embedded heating surface is arranged in an inclined-position mode, and a boiler wall in a dense-phase region is separated from a main wall and is made of wear-resistant and fireproof brick. The multiple internal circulation fluidized bed boiler for burning the biomass can smoothly and stably burn various biomass fuels, the thermal efficiency of a biomass energy boiler can be greatly improved, three return stokes, two-stage separation and two-stage loopback are achieved, the thermal efficiency is 85% to 90%, energy consumption is reduced, running safety and stability of the boiler can be met simultaneously, the abrasion of the heating surface is small, the maintenance workload is small, the load adjustment is flexible and convenient, the self-use electric consumption is low, and the multiple internal circulation fluidized bed boiler can stably run in a long term and is easy to manage.
Description
Technical field:
The utility model relates to a kind of fluidized-bed combustion boiler field, relates in particular to the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of a kind of biomass-burning.
Background technology:
So-called biomass fuel just is meant that with lignin (or cellulose) and other organic matter be master's terrestrial plant, water plant and human and animal excreta etc.China's biomass fuel is abundant, and whole nation stalk annual production in recent years is 1.7 hundred million tons according to statistics, and industrial discharge is amounted to 300,000,000 tons in mark coal.
Biomass fuel, loosely organized, density is low, have only the half the many of standard coal, unsuitable accumulating, but following advantage is also arranged:
1, its output is big, and large tracts of land regeneration is very stable regenerated resources.2, sulfur-bearing, nitrogen content are low, and sulfide in the combustion process, nitride are few.3, in the biomass fuel regenerative process, absorb a large amount of CO2, therefore a large amount of use biomass fuels can reduce the clean discharge capacity of CO2, reduce greenhouse gas emissions.4, biomass ash content has only 0.9%～1%, fully the combustion product gases amount seldom, so can think that biomass fuel is a clean energy resource.
Biomass energy sees that in the situation of utilizing of China the direct combustion technology accounts for suitable proportion at present, but combustion apparatus is backward, and the thermal efficiency is very low, causes the significant wastage of biomass energy.Mode chain furnace combustion living beings waste material is adopted in the man design of domestic part boiler maker, finds that the thermal efficiency is low, undercapacity, and boiler furnace is big, the fire grate easy burn-out.
The problem that present domestic biomass fuel burning technology exists:
1, fluctuation of service.The uneven phenomenon of the bed surface bed of material often appears in the layer combustion mode, and the aspect bed of material is thin or not have the local resistance of material little, and easy quilt blows to be worn, and forms burner, and a large amount of air get into burner hearth from the burner short circuit; And the thick local bed surface resistance of the bed of material is big, and the air that burning needs is many, but air capacity is under-supply, makes whole air distribution disequilibrium.The out-of-flatness of grate bed surface, combustion instability causes operation portion stable.
2, efficiency of combustion is low.The biomass fuel water content is very high, and water evaporates needs great amount of heat, makes biomass fuel be difficult to oven dry, catch fire, and makes the postponement of catching fire, and is difficult to after-flame, and solid incomplete combustion loss q4 increases, and air leak rate of air curtain is big in addition, and gas incomplete combustion loss q3 also increases.
3, the problem of the dust stratification of heating surface, superheater slagging scorification and contamination.Reduced heat transfer efficiency to a certain extent, under condition of severe, the localized heat transfer surface can be stain and covered and the forfeiture heat transfer property.There is a large amount of KCl (40%～80%) in the dust stratification.The formation of dust stratification mainly is because the potassium and the chlorinity height of this height of living beings cause.Potassium and chlorine can directly be deposited on heating surface with the form of KCl, and also the silicate reaction in possibility potassium and the ash generates low-fusing ash, adheres on the heat-transfer area.
4, the etching problem of heating surface, superheater.Along with the rising of vapor (steam) temperature, rate of corrosion also increases.The corrosion that corrosion mechanism in the biomass boiler is relevant with the gas phase chlorination thing, the chloride of muriatic solid phase reaction and fusing is relevant with the reaction of sulfate in the deposit.Corrosion mostly occurs on superheater surface, is main with chlorine corrosion.
The utility model content:
In view of this, the purpose of the utility model provides the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of a kind of biomass-burning, adopts unique low circulating ratio combustion system of polynary interior circulation, has the efficiency of combustion height, has the little advantage of wearing and tearing simultaneously again.
The technical application of the utility model is novel to be realized in the following manner:
The polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of a kind of biomass-burning mainly adopts polynary interior recycle combustion, separates material-returning device, and the integrated blast cap of air distribution plate and water conservancy diversion, feeding system, heating surface are arranged and blown grey decoking system and form; Wherein, air distribution plate is a dish; Adopt the high-low pressure supply air system; Grid plate hood adopts duck wind cap, the straight blast cap of cylinder or the straight blast cap of deflector cylinder to combine.
" returning " font bellows that the air distribution plate below is provided with high pressure air compartment, low pressure air compartment formation do not wait under the pressure reduction of blast at air compartment, and through wind cap and the non-directional blast cap and the integrated blast cap of water conservancy diversion of bed surface, material forms as the horizontal eddy current of " returning " font.
The air distribution plate of the utility model adopts high inclined distributor and middle plain cloth aerofoil all around.
The utility model adopts material stokehold retracting device and powder centrifugation induction apparatus.Arrange powder reclaiming device at burner hearth dilute-phase zone front wall 4～5m place; Need not blower fan power; Lean on the imperfect combustion biological particles of system's negative pressure power injection to realize peripheral the separation; And the imperfect combustion material that gets into furnace outlet also can be realized secondary separation at " U " type separator through the air force generation centrifugal force that circles round, and returns burner hearth by the grey chamber of storage and burns away.Reduce the loss of q3, improved efficiency of combustion.
Generally very high to CFBB bed pressure, adopt positive negative pressure batcher or tilting screw(-type) feeder feed.Biomass fuel can spread to high temperature emulsion zone bottom through material seeding wind after going into stove uniformly under the effect of gravity and secondary blast device.Be very beneficial for the drying and burning of high humidity fine granular materials, be easy to control automatically and feed metering.
The utility model pipe laying heating surface adopts a high position to be in tilted layout.Main rely on the heat conduction of small particles to conduct heat with the low speed transversal flow, heat transfer coefficient is higher than nearly 2 times of the membrane wall of parallel baffled, and average abrasion speed is hanged down three times; The air blast power consumption can reduce by one times; Bury and soak heating surface and generally adopt φ 51 * 5 steel pipes anti-film fin of burn-oning, take the position to arrange, adopt 15-25 degree inclination angle, emulsion zone blast cap center line plane above 400mm inclination angle layout pipe laying heated face structure, continuously-running is more than 4 years.
The utility model adopts accumulation of heat and desulfurization in lime stone (or fine sand, kaolin, the slag) stove.Because biomass energy has calorific value, moisture inequality, combustion stability is poor, and polynary interior circulation emulsion zone need adopt lime stone (or fine sand) accumulation of heat or desulfurization.The stokehold increases by a cover lime stone feeding system, and the sulfur content of based on fuel is that lime stone that 1.5 ~ 2.0 ~ 1 ratio adds 0 ~ 2mm is gone into stove together and participated in circulation in calcium sulfur ratio when giving fuel.Since the special efficacy of circulation in this boiler, desulfuration in furnace gross efficiency >=94%.Can directly satisfy two types of environmental requirements of GB1327-1977 and BG30951-1996 planning.
The utility model adopts acoustic wave ash ejector, and simple in structure, no rotary machine does not have medium to wash away heating surface, and is safe and reliable to operation.Its space that soot blower is difficult to remove that can purge steam simultaneously, and effect is obvious.
The utility model adopts spray combustion technology (acetylene gas) to remove attached to the contamination on the superheater, slagging scorification, tar, and the control superheater is corroded.
The good effect of the utility model is:
The polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of the biomass-burning of the utility model, various biomass fuels of smooth combustion smoothly can improve the thermal efficiency of biomass energy boiler greatly, realize three backhauls; Two-stage is separated, the two-stage loopback, and the thermal efficiency reduces energy resource consumption up to 85%～90%; Satisfy the boiler operatiopn safety and stability simultaneously, heating surface wear is little, and maintenance load is few, and Load Regulation is flexible; Private power consumption is low, can steady in a long-termly move, and is easy to management.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler combustion system figure that has stokehold living beings retracting device.
Fig. 2 is air distribution plate and integrated blast cap combination of water conservancy diversion and a pipe laying structural representation among Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment:
Can find out that by Fig. 1 the biological material recover 1 in stokehold is arranged on the biological material injector in the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of biomass-burning; Secondary blast device 3, feed separation storage chamber 4, the inner side of the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of biomass-burning is provided with equal fast plate 6; Equal fast plate 6 other " U " type separators 7 that are provided with; " U " type separator 7 tops are provided with superheater 8, and equal fast plate 6 belows are provided with economizer 9, and economizer 9 belows are provided with air preheater 11; The inner opposite side of the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of biomass-burning is provided with dish-shaped air distribution plate and blast cap 10; Dish air distribution plate and blast cap 10 belows are provided with high-low pressure air-supply arrangement 5, are positioned at equal fast plate 6 positions on the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of living beings and also are provided with clean-out hatch 12, are positioned at dish-like air distribution plate on the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of living beings and blast cap 10 positions also are provided with batcher 13; Returning charge mouth 14, pipe laying heating surface 15.Bury and soak the general φ of employing of heating surface 15 51 * 5 steel pipes anti-film fin of burn-oning, take the position to arrange, adopt the 20 ° of pipe laying heated face structures that are in tilted layout in emulsion zone blast cap center line plane above 400mm inclination angle, continuously-running is more than 4 years.
Can find out that by Fig. 2 integrated blast cap combination of air distribution plate and water conservancy diversion and pipe laying are by high pressure air compartment 16; Low pressure air compartment 17; Slag-draining device 18; Dish-like air distribution plate and blast cap 10 constitute with segmentation secondary blast device 3.
During use, biomass fuel drops on the dish-like air distribution plate 10 that is covered with high temperature fluidized attitude bed material after getting into burner hearth through batcher 13; Do not wait under the differential pressure action of blast at high-low pressure air compartment 5; Through wind cap and the non-directional blast cap and the integrated blast cap of water conservancy diversion of bed surface, form as the horizontal eddy current of " returning " font, the granule materials in the middle of shifting to is all around up blown; Rise to certain height turn back again flow to around, soak the circulation that goes round and begins again below the heating surface burying; Then got into to bury by the small particles of being carried out and soaks the heating surface heat exchange, another part returns the emulsion zone heat exchange that burns away again under the effect of gravity.Stokehold living beings retracting device; Can the biomass fuel that do not burn completely be recovered to centrifugation induction apparatus 2 through flue system negative pressure gravitation; Realize separating through material self charcoal ash gravitational difference, return the emulsion zone heat exchange that burns away through returning charge mouth 14 again; Some littler particles get into dilute-phase zones and burn away, and progressively through " U " type separator 7, grey chamber is stored up in the material that not have to burn down enterings " U " the type high temperature separation that is captured, and is recycled to emulsion zone and burns away; The particle that phosphorus content is few then is discharged from outside the stove, no longer participates in circulation.Realize three backhauls, two-stage is separated, the two-stage loopback.The thermal efficiency is greater than 85%～90%.
After biomass fuel gets into burner hearth through batcher 13; Drop on the dish-like air distribution plate 10 that is covered with the bed material, do not waiting under the pressure reduction of blast at high-low pressure air compartment 5, through wind cap and the non-directional blast cap and the integrated blast cap of water conservancy diversion of bed surface; Form as the horizontal eddy current of " returning " font; With around particle in the middle of shifting to up blow, turn back the flow direction again to certain height around, soak the circulation that goes round and begins again below the heating surface burying; Then got into to bury by the small particles of being carried out and soaks the heating surface heat exchange, another part is again in the effect of the gravity emulsion zone heat exchange that burns away of falling back.
Stokehold living beings retracting device can be recovered to centrifugation induction apparatus 2 through flue system negative pressure gravitation with the biomass fuel that do not burn completely, realizes separating through the material self gravitation, through the returning charge mouth 14 emulsion zone heat exchange that burns away that falls back; Some littler particles get into dilute-phase zones and burn away, and progressively through " U " type separator 7, the material that not have to burn down enterings that be captured " U " separation of type high temperature stores up grey chamber 4, be recycled to emulsion zone and burn away; Carbon-free particle then is discharged from outside the stove, no longer participates in circulation, realizes three backhauls, and two-stage is separated, the two-stage loopback.
" returning " font bellows composition that circulation constitutes with dish-shaped air distribution plate and the integrated blast cap of water conservancy diversion and high pressure air compartment 16, low pressure air compartment 17 in polynary; Do not wait under the pressure reduction of blast at air compartment; Through wind cap and the non-directional blast cap and the integrated blast cap of water conservancy diversion of bed surface, form as the horizontal eddy current of " returning " font.Air compartment position, center is low, and blast is high, with around particle in the middle of shifting to up blow, form the hot grain flow of flag of a fountain shape, turn back the flow direction again to certain height around, carry out this circulation that goes round and begins again below the heating surface burying to soak.
Generally very high to CFBB bed pressure, adopt batcher 13 feeds.Biomass fuel can penetrate high temperature emulsion zone bottom after going into stove under the effect of gravity and secondary blast device, and sends out at whole burner hearth rapidly, is very beneficial for fine grain burning, is easy to control automatically and feed metering.
Stokehold living beings retracting device; Can the biomass fuel that do not burn completely be recovered to centrifugation induction apparatus 2 through flue system negative pressure gravitation; Realize separating through material self gravitation (carbon ash difference in specific gravity), through the returning charge mouth 14 emulsion zone heat exchange that burns away that falls back.
Accumulation of heat and sulfur removal material adopt lime stone in the stove.
Claims (7)
1. the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of biomass-burning mainly adopts polynary interior recycle combustion, mainly by separating material-returning device; The integrated blast cap of air distribution plate and water conservancy diversion, feeding system, heating surface is arranged; With blow grey decoking system and form, it is characterized in that: air distribution plate is dish; Adopt the high-low pressure supply air system; Grid plate hood adopts duck wind cap, the straight blast cap of cylinder or the straight blast cap of deflector cylinder to combine.
2. the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of biomass-burning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt high inclined distributor and middle plain cloth aerofoil all around.
3. the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of biomass-burning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt material stokehold retracting device and powder centrifugation induction apparatus.
4. the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of biomass-burning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt positive negative pressure batcher or tilting screw(-type) feeder feed.
5. the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of biomass-burning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the pipe laying heating surface adopts high-order inclination, and the inclination angle is 15-25 degree angle.
6. the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of biomass-burning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: accumulation of heat and sulfur removal material adopt lime stone, fine sand, kaolin or slag in the stove.
7. the polynary internal circulating fluidized-bed boiler of biomass-burning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: blow in the grey decoking system and adopt acoustic wave ash ejector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011203813265U CN202303351U (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2011-10-10 | Multiple internal circulation fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011203813265U CN202303351U (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2011-10-10 | Multiple internal circulation fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN202303351U true CN202303351U (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2011203813265U Expired - Lifetime CN202303351U (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2011-10-10 | Multiple internal circulation fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103411223A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-11-27 | 南通万达锅炉有限公司 | Slag falling system of garbage boiler |
| CN106287686A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-01-04 | 杭州锅炉集团股份有限公司 | Biomass recirculating fluidized bed boiler slag-draining device |
| CN108800113A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2018-11-13 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A method of for promoting biomass fuel to stablize burning in fluidized bed combustion |
| CN110986084A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-10 | 华润电力技术研究院有限公司 | Air distribution control method and system of pulverized coal fired boiler and related equipment |
| CN111602004A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2020-08-28 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | Fluidized bed monitoring method and apparatus |
-
2011
- 2011-10-10 CN CN2011203813265U patent/CN202303351U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103411223A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-11-27 | 南通万达锅炉有限公司 | Slag falling system of garbage boiler |
| CN106287686A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-01-04 | 杭州锅炉集团股份有限公司 | Biomass recirculating fluidized bed boiler slag-draining device |
| CN106287686B (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2019-04-05 | 杭州锅炉集团股份有限公司 | Biomass recirculating fluidized bed boiler slag-draining device |
| CN108800113A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2018-11-13 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A method of for promoting biomass fuel to stablize burning in fluidized bed combustion |
| CN111602004A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2020-08-28 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | Fluidized bed monitoring method and apparatus |
| CN111602004B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2022-08-12 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | Fluidized bed monitoring method and apparatus |
| CN110986084A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-10 | 华润电力技术研究院有限公司 | Air distribution control method and system of pulverized coal fired boiler and related equipment |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20160203 Address after: 411201 No. 28, Bai Shi Road, Xiangtan City, Hunan Province Patentee after: Weisheng Energy Industrial Technology (Changsha) Co., Ltd. Address before: 410013 No. 352, Jia Jia Hu Road, hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Hunan, Changsha Patentee before: Hunan Li'neng Science & Technology Co., Ltd. |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20120704 |