Embodiment
Through accompanying drawing and embodiment, the technological scheme of the utility model is done further detailed description below.
On platform, big and small cabin such as ballast tank, potable water tank, cargo tank is a lot, and the turnover of liquid in the control cabinet need come through valve switch in wherein most cabin; Thereby other functions such as the ballast of implementation platform; The valve telechirics is exactly for the field personnel can control these valves in comfortable operational site, because valve is numerous on platform, the phase mutual edge distance is not short; Wherein some work is also in the most dangerous, the dirtiest place; Such as carrying in the cargo hold of expiring crude oil, injecting in the ballast tank of ballast water, the people is difficult to operation, so need come their " actions flexibly " of accurate control through the valve telechirics.
Fig. 1 is the schematic representation of the utility model valve control system, and is as shown in the figure, and the valve control system of the utility model comprises: liquid level sensor 1, controller 2, valve driver 3 and valve 4.Liquid level sensor 1 is connected with controller 2, and controller 2 is connected with valve driver 3, and valve driver 3 is connected with valve 4.
Liquid level in the liquid level sensor 1 tracer liquid cabin, the Generation Liquid bit data; Controller 2 judges whether to arrive predetermined fluid level according to the liquid level data that receives, and sends control information; Valve driver 3 is closed and folding according to the control information control valve 4 that receives.
The liquid level sensor of the utility model can be for a plurality of, and according to the actual demand setting, and concrete liquid level sensor can be pressure type sensor, float-type transmitter or bubble type sensor.In like manner, the valve driver 3 of the utility model also can be provided with according to the setting of valve 4 for a plurality of.Concrete, valve driver can be electric drive formula driver, hydraulic drive type driver or pneumatic drive formula driver.
Can regard as by three parts for valve telechirics basic comprising: valve electro-hydraulic drive head, control module, supervisory device.
Remotely-controlled operation to valve; Can realize on supervisory device that when on watch-dog, carrying out the valve remotely-controlled operation, the intermediate controlled module collects the control signal to valve; According to the information of receiving; Carry out logical operation, accomplish remotely-controlled operation, and then state signal is fed back to monitoring equipment valve.
Self-elevating drilling platform has many, the capacious characteristics of ballast tank; The oil level monitoring in its ballast tank water level, oil transportation cabin has very important effect to the safety and the function of drill platform, since the self-elevating drilling platform characteristics, the many and wide apart in cabin; Artificial dip stick measuring liquid level was both time-consuming; Difficulty is big again, obviously can not be in having adapted to modernized drill platform, and the most suitable this operating mode of remote surveying of liquid level system.
The remote surveying of liquid level system can carry out the monitoring of liquid level to ballast tank, cargo tank, fresh-water tank etc.; The remote surveying of liquid level system detects liquid level in the cabin through liquid level sensor; Then cabin liquid level information is inserted the remote surveying of liquid level computer system, carry out tank volume calculation etc., and on the monitoring panel, show and warning.
The remote surveying of liquid level system is with PLC module and compositions such as monitoring system and sensor; Liquid level sensor is installed in cabin in the needs monitoring; The liquid level sensor signal that each road is come is transferred in the PLC module; PLC analyzes to the received signal, is transferred to then that monitoring shows on the panel and warning etc., thereby realizes the detection of liquid level.This mode, simple in structure, stability height.
On self-elevating drilling platform and other boats and ships projects, valve remote control and remote surveying of liquid level system independently become system, the relation that has no between the two at present.Below just introduce valve remote control more common on present maritime works's project and remote surveying of liquid level system respectively.
If valve is an electric drive, system is made up of operating console and electric drive head exactly so.If hydraulic driving, system is first-class by operating console, hydraulic power unit, solenoid valve box, hydraulic driving.If pneumatic drive, system have operating console, compressed air source unit, pneumatic drive first-class.More than three kinds just different on drive unit; Other structure is consistent, and no matter the valve telechirics of which kind of structure all is placed on central control room with operating console; Other equipment all is placed on on-the-spot; The control of valve all will be accomplished in central control room, and amenity is convenient to operation.
Owing to using maximum still hydraulically powered this modes now, carry out a detailed introduction so face the valve system of hydraulic driving mode down.From the structural type analysis of system, can be divided into two kinds of structures:
Directly control formula
System architecture: system hardware is by operating console (comprising PLC); A intelligence pumping plant; The b solenoid valve box; C valve driving head; Critical pieces such as d emergencypump are formed (in emergency circumstances using); Software partly uses configuration program, carries out the supervision with state of controlling to valve.
PLC by central control chamber controls the solenoid valve box in the cabin of remote and complex work environment, thereby switch oil circuit valve is kept watch on remote control, and the user can independently control the running state of controlled valve at the PLC operating console;
Operating console (comprising PLC) is mounted in the central control room the inside, and monitor unit, power switch, emergency stop button etc. are installed on operating console, after the DI module of PLC receives valve control signal, again through DO module controls solenoid valve; Pumping plant and solenoid valve box are installed in from the nearer place of ballast tank; Effectively shorten to the distance of hydraulic driving head; Valve and driving head are installed in the inside, cabin, and side dress or immersion type are arranged, owing to the aperture of platform ballasting system to valve do not require; Our valve adopts the ON/OFF formula so, only opens and close two kinds of situation; From the pumping plant to the solenoid valve box, connect the bigger piping of two-way; The branch oil circuit of each solenoid valve all is to be linked to main hydraulic pipe through pipe to fasten; Each solenoid valve is to couple together with the multicore guide line to operating console PLC module, and the state of each solenoid valve and control all are to realize through this root cable; A selection power switch is arranged on pumping plant; Can select primary power supply, also can use emergency power supply, carry two oil hydraulic pumps on the pumping plant; A normal use; Another is in stand-by state, and two pumps can be changed at any time, on the control box that pumping plant carries, have oil hydraulic pump startup, stop, power failure, high low oil level warning, buzzer, on the spot, operating button such as remote control; Control box and monitoring, alarming case couple together, and all faults notify the staff in time to solve with reporting to the police can be reacted to there; On solenoid valve, carry a limit switch, output oil in the time of hydraulic pump works, the promotion limit switch is opened switch under the effect of oil pressure, and the liquid in the at this moment corresponding oil pipe begins to flow, thereby reaches the purpose of remote control.
Concentrate distributed
By several distribute on-the-spot independent operation bench (lower-position unit) and the networking of upper-position unit operation bench, form and concentrate distributed control.The all unrestricted requirement in command range and position reduces on-the-spot cabling during operation.
System architecture: form by central control desk PLC controlling center, solenoid valve box (comprising the emergency valve piece), remote I/O module, process control machine, hydraulic power pumping plant, the valve that surges, emergent manual pump.The place can carry out switching manipulation to hydraulic remotely-controlled valve at operating console PLC controlling center.Valve state will be presented on the monitor unit.The solenoid valve box remote I/O station is controlled the PLC main website through bus with central authorities and is connected, according to the operation requirement of PLC main website, and the moment energising switching-over and the lock-bit of control respective electrical magnet valve, thus control oil channel passes in and out direction, reaches the purpose of switch valve.Man-machine monitoring interface is used to realize that the operator is to the control of valve and obtain valve state information in real time.
Valve and hydraulic driving head are distributed in each corresponding position, immersion type, side-mounted is equally also arranged; 2 solenoid valve box are distributed in respectively in the cabin of platform port and starboard, and the oil pipeline of larboard valve driving head is connected in the larboard line solenoid valve then, and the right in like manner; 1 hydraulic power unit is that solenoid valve box provides oil circuit, and oil hydraulic pump has 2, and the using and the reserved are guaranteed the reliability of hydraulic station; The next door of solenoid valve box is provided with a PLC slave station, and the solenoid valve box of port and starboard respectively has 1, is used for the control to solenoid valve; If needed equally a MIMIC plate can be set aside; 2 PLC slave stations are connected to the PLC main website of central control room the inside through netting twine, and the PLC main website is connected with computer through network, and realization is controlled.Computer sends control command to the PLC main website through network like this, and the PLC main website is identical with slave station, so the switch of solenoid valve just can be controlled.
More than 2 kinds be domestic present more common system architecture, the direct control formula simple in structure, cost is low, and is complicated but big, the on-the-spot cable in the space of equipment moves towards; Distributed frame is complicated, cost is high and concentrate, but on-the-spot cabling is succinct, conserve space.
The remote surveying of liquid level system that is applied in now on the ocean platform has a variety of; It mainly still is the difference of sensor; Consider reasons such as Economy, Security, reliability, installation and maintenance are convenient, on self-elevating drilling platform, use the maximum formula that still froths and pressure type at present.
See that from most of projects also there is difference in the remote surveying of liquid level system except the sensor difference on structures such as signal gathering unit, signal processing unit, introduce several kinds of modal remote surveying of liquid level systems below.
Directly monitoring
System is made up of sensor, electrical interconnecting case, monitoring console (comprising PLC module, monitor unit).Liquid level sensor is distributed in platform and need monitors in the cabin of liquid level, and sensor can adopt pressure type, float type, bubble type; At central control room a monitoring console is installed, is used for the collection of signal, the setting of parameter and the controlling alarm of system; If adopt non-bubble type sensor; Several electrical interconnecting casees can be installed at the scene, be used for concentrating the cable of switching sensor, if each sensor all is directly to be connected to monitoring console with cable to the PLC module; Cable to monitoring console is too many; Being unfavorable for on-the-spot layout, is a multi-core cable so the liquid level sensor in a zone is concentrated switching, is that the scene is succinct more, convenient like this.When PLC receives the liquid level signal of gather, can carry out data processing, analysis, be presented at then on the monitoring console, if exceed PLC output alarm signal such as liquid level setting value, from realizing remote surveying of liquid level.
The bubble type remote surveying of liquid level mainly is made up of tracheae line (one-way valve, separating valve), pneumoelectric measure case, monitoring system (local, distally display device), source of the gas.On platform, generally monitor unit is installed in the control room, the pneumoelectric measure case is installed in the inside, cabin; Source of the gas provides 4-8Bar gas to measure case; Tracheae connects pneumoelectric control box to tested cabin, and pneumoelectric measure case control gaseous pressure blows to gas in each cabin that need detect.Simply say; The basic principle of this system is exactly constantly to blow to the inside, tested cabin through the pneumoelectric measure case; Constantly adding atmospheric pressure has bubble to emerge up to liquid level; The pneumoelectric measure case is incited somebody to action the electrical signal that force value at this moment is converted into liquid level, through RS-485 or other latticed forms data is passed to monitoring system, carries out the monitoring of liquid level.
Concentrate the Distributed Liquid Level detection system
The remote surveying of liquid level of this structure is similar with the result of the valve telechirics of concentrating the control that distributes.This system has comprised PLC main website, slave station, liquid level sensor, monitoring console, and layout at the scene is also roughly the same with the valve telechirics.
The remote surveying of liquid level system detects the liquid level of phase emergency chamber and reports to the police.All signals are all gathered through the PLC slave station I/O module that is installed in each vasculum, guarantee signal collected accuracy.The I/O module of PLC slave station is through bus and the PLC master station communication that is installed in central control room; The signal of being gathered is sent to the CPU module of PLC; Main website is connected with monitor unit then; Man-machine interface on the monitor unit is installed, can realize the operator to monitor signal obtain in real time and to the processing of warning message.A cover system like this is according to about 40 about needs 500,000 RMB of point.
The several remote surveying of liquid level system of telling about above comparing, bubble type are most economical, the safest, the simplest systems, so present increasing project is at the liquid level measuring system that uses bubble type.
With a typical self-elevating drilling platform is example, on platform, needs valve remote control and remote surveying of liquid level system that level monitoring and control are carried out in ballast system, bilges system, cargo tank, drinking water etc.According to turbine specialty, piping professional requirement and design to valve, liquid level, be the monitoring of realization to liquid level, nearly 101 of the valve that need control, wherein there are 66 valves in 33 of ballast system cabins, and bilges system has 35 valves; And need about liquid level of monitoring that 41 points are arranged, wherein 22 each 1 points of ballast tank, 3 each 1 points of potable water tank, 2 each 1 points of fuel oil tank, 3 each 1 points of ballast/drilling well water tank, 1 sea water tank (2 measuring points), 1 base oil cabin (2 measuring points), 1 each 1 point of drilling well water tank, 6 drinking water points.
Needing designed system is exactly will realize these above valves are carried out remote control, and the liquid level in cabin is taken remote measurement.
Valve remote control and remote surveying of liquid level system are utilized PLC technology, mechanics of communication, monitoring software, DCS, closely integrate, constitute the system of a cover automatic/hand one 2.
From the number of valve and Level Detection point with distribute, can system be divided into two, the valve and the Level Detection point of larboard is together integrated, the valve and the Level Detection point of starboard is together integrated, and then together with the system intergration of port and starboard.By this thinking, set up a PLC main website at larboard, the valve of larboard and the coherent signal of level sensing, actuating cable are received the PLC main website, and the band touch screen carries out this locality control to liquid level, valve; Starboard is set up a PLC slave station, and the relevant cables signal of the valve of starboard and level sensing is received the PLC slave station, and the PLC main website is connected through netting twine with slave station, is implemented on the touch screen monitoring to all valves and liquid level; In addition, the DCS system of PLC main website and central control chamber couples together through network, with the monitoring to valve and liquid level of the computer realization length of run of DCS.Realize integrated on two system's control hardwares like this.
The selection of valve driving, situation such as the number of valve is many, installing space is limited, working environment are considered factors such as cost, installation difficulty, maintenance and reliability, on this project, we will adopt hydraulic drive mode.According to hydraulically powered scheme, so also need dispose hydraulic station, solenoid valve box, PLC module, touch screen etc.
The selection of liquid level sensor, the kind of liquid level sensor is many, is fit under the different working condition; According to the situation of HHJ1 project, the position, measured point is many, and installation environment is more abominable; Even some deathtrap; Consider factors such as installation, Economy, maintenance in the future, adopt the bubble type sensor the most suitable, it is easy for installation, simple in structure, not influenced by hazardous environment.
Hydraulic station: there is 1 hydraulic station in system, is placed on larboard packed [material] cabin, for all hydraulic driving head provides hydraulic power, and On-Board Diagnostics and alarm is arranged.
Solenoid valve box: 2 solenoid valve box are placed on the machinery room of packed [material] cabin of larboard and starboard respectively; It is that 50 regional valves of larboard carry out the switching of oil circuit that the larboard solenoid valve box has been installed 50 24 logical valves; It is that 51 regional valves of larboard carry out the switching of oil circuit that the larboard solenoid valve box has been installed 51 24 logical valves; Flow to thereby change oil circuit, reach the function that valve is opened and closed.Whether additional valves is opened, and also can come out from the pressure feedback of each single oil circuit inside the solenoid valve box.
The PLC300 control box: put the PLC main website in larboard packed [material] cabin, the machinery room of starboard is put the PLC slave station.PLC is the control core of system, can carry out functions such as signals collecting, data processing.Can control solenoid valve through PLC, gather the state of solenoid valve simultaneously.In addition, PLC data that can read liquid level and the height that liquid level is set etc.
Pneumoelectric measure case: install 1 at the machinery room of packed [material] cabin of larboard and starboard respectively.Through the liquid level of 22 regional measured points of the pneumoelectric measure case detection larboard of larboard, the liquid level through 22 regional measured points of the pneumoelectric measure case detection starboard of starboard is changed to electrical signal with the signal dress, and can sends other equipment to through RS485.
Touch screen: in larboard packed [material] cabin 2 touch screens are set, the man-machine interface that design is friendly realizes this locality monitoring and manually control of system.
The computer of DCS system: the DCS computer in the central control chamber the inside, through the computer of DCS system, to valve remote control, remote surveying of liquid level.
Native system can be divided into manual pattern to the control of valve and the monitoring of liquid level, under manual mode, this locality/distance control mode is arranged, and the manually-operable station is set.
Manual mode
Level monitoring: set the liquid level warning value on computer that the operator can be through central control chamber DCS system or the local touch screen, observe liquid level.The pneumoelectric measure case is transmitted liquid level with electrical signal, link to each other with PLC through RS485 (MODBUS), because PLC does not have the MODBUS interface, so in PLC main website and slave station the gateway that 1 MODBUS changes PROFIBUS DP is installed respectively.After level value passes to PLC, be presented on the touch screen and through PROFIBUS DP respectively and on the computer of DCS system, show level value through PROFINET.Level value passes to PLC in real time through the pneumoelectric measure case; PLC through value of measuring in real time and the liquid level warning upper limit value and lower limit value that is provided with in advance relatively; In case go beyond the scope, PLC will output alarm signal to warning facility, alarm on the computer of touch screen and DCS system simultaneously.
Valve control: the operator at first observes level value through touch screen or DCS computer and judges whether open or close valve; This moment, the operator can pass to PLC through PROFIBUS DP with open/close instruction with touch screen; Also can pass to PLC through the just open/close instruction of PROFINET with the DCS computer; The PLC module will be exported signal and make solenoid valve action, and simultaneously, PLC gathers that oil circuit pressure signal of solenoid valve; With pressure as the state indicated number of switch on touch screen and DCS computer, the operator can know the state of valve.
Automatic mode is the same with the manual mode basic principle, and unique difference is that partial function can utilize PLC to replace the operator to remove switch valve; Automatically-monitored now; Can alleviate the frequent action of operator greatly, alleviate tired degree, increase work efficiency.For example when platform carried out ballast, needing the liquid level of ballast tank was 2m, if under the manual mode; When the liquid level in cabin arrived 2m, the operator needed on touch screen, to click one by one to close corresponding inlet valve, and operation frequently like this; Efficient is low, exists to postpone to wait the time that influences cut-off valve.Otherwise, in the time of need the water of ballast tank being drained,, need going to click and open water discharging valve one by one if during manually-operable, after having arranged at last, closing drain valve one by one again.
But if under automatic mode ballast, after the operator is set at 2m with 33 ballast tank level values, gets to automatic mode and just not be used in and do other and operated, after this PLC can export signal to solenoid valve, opens corresponding valve; PLC constantly compares measuring level value of returning and the 2m that is provided with in advance simultaneously, and when tested liquid level arrived 2m, PLC closed corresponding inlet valve automatically.Otherwise in the time of need the water of ballast tank all being drained, automatic mode just need not go down to click to have closed one by one, and PLC accomplishes again, and corresponding water row finishes when level value is 0, and PLC can accomplish the action of automatic-closing valve.
No matter be manual mode or automatic mode, PLC CPU is the control core, is that the communication form connects each control apparatus with PROFIBUS DP, PROFINET, MODBUS, connects actuator or sensor with hard wired mode.
Touch screen is connected with PLC main website, slave station
Touch screen and PLC CPU in master station, slave station ET200 constitute this locality control to system, and with PROFIBUS DP communication, PLC CPU, ET200, touch screen all have PROFIBUS DP interface, should use very convenient between them.
PLC is connected with the pneumoelectric measure case
The pneumoelectric measure case has designed the interface of 2 RS485 (MODBUS) for linking to each other with other equipment, and it will be connected with PLC CPU and ET200, but does not all have the interface of MODBUS, so need respectively increase the gateway that 1 MODBUS changes PROFIBUS DP.
PLC and DCS system
DCS is connected what adopt with other system be the form of PROFINET, thus our system during with the DCS communication employing PROFINET just fairly simple, select a CPU who has the interface of FROFIBUS DP and PROFINET to meet the demands.
The valve control system of the utility model can realize detecting automatically liquid level, automatic switch valve, reduces tired that workman's frequent operation brings in a large number; And both are integrated, realize automation, reduce installation space and cost.The automation of liquid level, valve control reduced the frequent operation of operator when seamless Integrated valve remote control, remote surveying of liquid level system realized ballast, and the automaticity of system is provided; And manual mode is set, the operator can manual operation system, guarantees security of system.
Above-described embodiment; Purpose, technological scheme and beneficial effect to the utility model have carried out further explain, it should be understood that the above is merely the embodiment of the utility model; And be not used in the protection domain that limits the utility model; All within the spirit and principle of the utility model, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the protection domain of the utility model.