CN202246777U - Vibratory stress relief device for low and medium frequency shaft parts - Google Patents

Abstract

A vibration aging device for medium and low frequency shaft parts, the device includes a vibrator, a clamping block for clamping and supporting a workpiece, and a support mechanism connected with the clamping block, and the support mechanism is formed by a pair of oppositely arranged left supports frame, the right support frame and the support seat for installing the left support frame and the right support frame. The vibrator base of the vibrator is installed in the middle of the workpiece, and the vibrator, the vibrator base and the workpiece vibrate together during the vibration aging. The form of a simply supported beam is used, and the main resonance of the bending vibration mode of the shaft parts is generated when the exciter is excited by the natural frequency of the shaft bending vibration, which solves the problem that the dynamic stress generated by the existing device cannot meet the requirements for reducing the residual stress, and the two ends of the shaft The amount of deformation is also greatly improved, and the dynamic stress distribution of the shaft is more uniform, so that the residual stress of the shaft parts can be effectively reduced.

Description

A Vibration Aging Device for Medium and Low Frequency Shaft Parts

technical field

The utility model relates to a vibration aging device, in particular to a vibration aging device for shaft parts used for reducing the residual stress of middle and low frequency shaft parts whose natural frequency of bending vibration is less than 200HZ.

Background technique

Vibration aging technology is a method to eliminate the residual stress inside the workpiece. Through vibration, when the superposition of the residual stress inside the workpiece and the dynamic stress generated by vibration reaches or exceeds the yield strength of the material, the material undergoes a small amount of plastic deformation, so that the material The internal stress can be relaxed and relieved. Compared with thermal aging, vibration aging has the advantages of less investment, quick effect, low operating cost and environmental protection. Therefore, the high technology of vibration aging has broad application prospects.

However, many current vibration aging devices for shaft parts cannot produce effective bending deformation of the workpiece, and have not reached the "Wozney & Crawmer" criterion that "the superposition of the residual stress inside the workpiece and the dynamic stress generated by vibration reaches or exceeds the yield strength of the material". , such as: Chinese Patent Application No. CN 102010972 discloses a method for spectrum harmonic vibration aging treatment to eliminate crankshaft internal stress. The processing device is to fix the shaft parts to the support frame, and the support frame is clamped on the steel plate. On the vibrating table, the exciter is placed on the vibrating table. During the vibration aging treatment, the vibrating table is vibrated by the exciter to perform aging treatment on the shaft parts. This method makes the shaft parts vibrate rigidly with the vibrating table, and it is difficult to excite the shaft parts to generate the main resonance of the bending mode, and it is also difficult to generate the bending deformation and corresponding dynamic stress required by the vibration aging. Therefore, it is difficult for this device to reduce the residual stress of shaft parts and realize the expected effect of vibration aging. Another example: Chinese Patent Application No. CN 03115266.X discloses a method for quickly adjusting the stress of a metallurgical roll. The processing device is to place the roll on an elastic support, and the vibration exciter is placed in the middle of the roll for excitation. When this method is used for vibration aging treatment, since the roll is a high-rigidity part, the natural frequency of its bending vibration is generally higher than the excitation frequency of the existing exciter. Therefore, this device is also difficult to excite the roll to produce bending mode. Resonant, it is also difficult to produce the bending deformation and corresponding dynamic stress required for vibration aging. In this method, the roll is connected to the base through an elastic support. Because the rigidity of the elastic support is small, the system composed of the roll and the elastic support can generate main resonance under the action of the exciter, so the patent applicant will mistakenly think that the residual stress can be reduced. . But in fact, since the natural frequency of the bending vibration of the roll is much higher than the excitation frequency of the exciter, the vibration of the system is deformed by the elastic support, and the roll as a whole moves with the system as a rigid body, and will not produce the required bending deformation. Do not generate dynamic stresses large enough to eliminate residual stresses. Due to the existence of the elastic support, the natural frequency of the system composed of the roll and the elastic support is obviously lower than the natural frequency of the bending vibration of the roll itself. Therefore, regardless of whether it deals with low frequency or high frequency, the excitation frequency is carried out according to the natural frequency of the system. The excitation frequency is actually lower than the natural frequency of bending vibration of the roll itself, so that the roll cannot obtain enough dynamic stress to eliminate its internal vibration. Residual Stress.

In short, the effect of the current vibration aging device for shaft parts is poor, and it is difficult to achieve the expected effect of reducing residual stress. This is an important reason restricting the application of vibration aging technology on shaft parts.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a vibration aging device for medium and low frequency shaft parts and its use method, which can make the shaft parts produce the main resonance of the bending mode, and the superposition of the bending vibration dynamic stress and residual stress can be greater than that of the material The yield limit, thereby effectively reducing the residual stress of shaft parts.

The utility model achieves the above object through the following technical solutions: a vibration aging device for medium and low frequency shaft parts, which consists of a vibrator, a clamping block for clamping and supporting a workpiece, and a supporting mechanism connected with the clamping block. The support mechanism consists of a pair of oppositely arranged left support frames, right support frames and support seats for installing the left support frames and the right support frames. connection, the left support frame and the right support frame are rigidly connected to the support base, and the vibration aging device for shaft parts is also provided with a vibration exciter base for installing the vibration exciter, and the vibration exciter base is clamped in the middle of the workpiece , During vibration aging, the exciter, the base of the exciter and the workpiece vibrate together.

The base of the vibrator is composed of an upper bottom cover and a lower base plate. The vibrator is installed in the middle of the upper bottom cover. The upper bottom cover and the lower base are connected by bolts. The two ends of the upper bottom cover and the lower base are arc-shaped. shape, and can be fixed on shaft parts after being connected.

The base of the exciter is composed of a fork bar with arc-shaped forks at both ends and a left end cover and a right end cover matching the forks at both ends of the fork bar. After the left end cover and the right end cover are matched and installed, the exciter base fixed on shaft parts.

There is a chute at the corresponding place of the support base and the left support frame, and the left support frame can move in the chute to adjust the distance between the left support frame and the right support frame.

The clamping block is hingedly connected with the left support frame and the right support frame of the support mechanism.

The clamping surface of the clamping block for clamping the workpiece in the clamping block is arc-shaped or V-shaped.

The method for using the vibration aging device for medium and low frequency shaft parts includes the following steps:

(1) Select shaft parts whose natural frequency of bending vibration is less than 200Hz,

(2) Place the shaft parts on the clamping block of the supporting mechanism,

(3) Clamp the base of the exciter with the exciter installed in the middle of the shaft parts,

(4) Adjust the excitation frequency of the exciter so that it is excited at the same frequency as the natural frequency of the shaft parts, so that it can generate the main resonance of the bending vibration mode.

During vibration aging, the exciter, the base of the exciter and the workpiece vibrate together. By clamping the base of the exciter in the middle of the workpiece, the exciting force generated when the exciter is excited is equal to the frequency of the natural frequency of the bending vibration of the shaft. It acts directly on the middle of the shaft, causing the main bending resonance of the shaft parts, and the superposition of the bending vibration dynamic stress and the residual stress can be greater than the yield limit of the material, which meets the "Wozney & Crawmer" criterion for reducing residual stress, and can effectively solve the problem. It is difficult for the existing vibration aging device to realize the dynamic stress required for the shaft workpiece to produce effective bending resonance and reduce the residual stress.

The medium and low frequency shaft parts referred to in the utility model refer to shaft parts whose bending vibration natural frequency is lower than 200 Hz.

The outstanding effect of the present utility model is:

Since the base of the exciter on which the exciter is installed is installed in the middle of the workpiece, the vibration is excited at the natural frequency of the bending vibration of the shaft parts. In addition, the left support frame and the support frame provide rigid support for the shaft parts, so that the shaft parts can produce the main mode of bending vibration in the form of simply supported beam support, so the shaft parts can produce the main resonance deformation and dynamic stress of bending vibration , the superposition of the bending vibration dynamic stress and the residual stress can be greater than the yield limit of the material, thereby effectively reducing the residual stress of the shaft parts. Solve the problem that the existing vibration aging device is difficult to make the workpiece produce effective motion deformation, and cannot reach the "Wozney & Crawmer" criterion that "the superposition of the residual stress inside the workpiece and the dynamic stress generated by vibration reaches or exceeds the yield strength of the material", and because The clamping block and the left support frame and the right support frame of the support mechanism are both rotatably connected, and the deformation at both ends of the crankshaft can also be guaranteed. At the same time, the dynamic stress distribution of the two shafts is more uniform than the traditional vibration method, thereby ensuring It can effectively reduce the residual stress of shaft parts.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the vibration aging device for shaft parts described in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure in Fig. 1A.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the vibration aging device for shaft parts described in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a view of the use state of the vibration aging device for shaft parts described in the present invention for treating the crankshaft of an engine.

Fig. 5 is a simulation model of deformation under the action of a vibration exciter when the crankshaft of the vibration aging mechanism of the shaft part described in the present invention is clamped.

Fig. 6 is a simulation model of deformation produced by the current flat-plate crankshaft vibration aging device (such as the device disclosed in the Chinese patent application number CN 102010972 publication) under the action of the exciter.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the utility model is further described below by means of the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, the vibration aging device for shaft parts described in the utility model is composed of a vibrator 5, an exciter base, a clamping block 3 and a supporting mechanism.

The bottom end of the exciter 5 is provided with a connection plate 52, and two connection holes 51 are opened on the connection plate 52. There are two screw holes corresponding to the hole 51, screw the bolt 7 through the connecting hole 51 on the connecting plate 52 into the screw hole of the upper bottom cover, and then the vibrator 5 can be fixed on the middle position of the upper bottom cover 13 , the two ends of the upper bottom cover 13 are arc-shaped notches 12, the edge of the notch 12 is provided with a protruding flat plate 15, and a through hole is opened on the flat plate 15, and the structure of the lower bottom plate 14 is similar to that of the upper bottom cover 13. The upper bottom cover 13 and the lower bottom plate 14 are combined with the upper bottom cover 13 and the lower bottom plate 14 by the bolt 7, and after the notch 12 of the upper bottom cover 13 is matched with the notch of the lower bottom plate 14, a circular clamping mouth is formed, clamped in the In the middle of the shaft parts 4, at this time, the vibrator 5 is located in the middle of the two shaft parts 4. When the vibration is aging, the vibrator 5 drives the vibrator base 6 to vibrate together. Obviously, the vibrator base 6 The position can be moved in the axial direction, and the upper bottom cover 13 can be separated from the lower bottom plate 14 by loosening the bolt 7, as long as the shaft diameter 4 of the shaft part is the same as the notch 12 of the upper bottom cover 13 and the lower bottom plate 14 After matching the notches, the size of the annular jaw can be matched, then the upper bottom cover 13 can be placed on the shaft parts, and then the upper bottom cover 13 and the lower bottom plate 14 can be connected together by the bolt 7, and the adjustment is very simple. The position of the exciter base 6 on the shaft part 4 changes the excitation position of the vibrator 5 to the shaft part 4 at the same time, so that the shaft part 4 can produce different modes of bending vibration and change the bending vibration The distribution of stress can reduce the residual stress in different parts of shaft parts.

In conjunction with Fig. 2, it can be seen that one end of the clamping block 3 has a circular arc-shaped clamping opening 32 for clamping and supporting shaft parts. Of course, the shape of the clamping opening can also be V-shaped and other suitable shapes, so as to To achieve better contact with the shaft end, the force can be better transmitted, and the clamping surface can also be made into a V shape or other shape. The clamping surface should be clamped to the two ends of the shaft parts to increase the distance between the two support points of the simply supported beam, reduce the natural frequency of the bending vibration of the system, and make the vibration aging effect better. The other end of the clamping block is cylindrical Shape 31, and have through pin holes along its axial direction. There are protruding pin lugs on the side, and through holes corresponding to the connecting pin 2 and pin holes are respectively opened on the pin lugs on both sides. By inserting the connecting pin 2 into the through holes on the pin lugs on both sides and the pins on the clamping block, hole, that is, the clamping block 3 is rotatably fixed on the left support frame 1 and the right support frame 8. Obviously, the above-mentioned connection method belongs to the hinge connection. Of course, the connection mode of the clamping block and the left support frame 1 and the right support frame 8 It is not limited to the hinge connection, and other rotational connection methods, such as snap-in connection, can also be used. The support base 10 is provided with a chute at the bottom of the left support frame 1, and the side of the chute has a strip-shaped stop groove 9, and the bottom of the left support frame 1 is mounted on the chute and can move on the chute. The side wall of the support frame 1 is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the stop groove 9, and the threaded hole is matched with the screw 11. The screw 11 passes through the stop groove 9 and is mounted on the left brace 1, and the screw 11 can be fastened and fixed. Loosen the left support 1, when the screw 11 is loosened, the left support 1 can move left and right in the chute. The right support frame 8 forms a fixed connection with the ground or the support seat by welding or bolts. Move the left support 1 to adjust the distance between the left support frame 1 and the right support frame 8 to meet the requirements of shaft parts 4 of different lengths and improve the versatility of the device.

Fig. 5 is the simulation analysis figure that the utility model is used for processing generator crankshaft vibration aging, carries out simulation calculation to it by ANSYS simulation software, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are the result obtained by its simulation, as can be seen from the simulation result, adopt In the vibration aging mechanism of shaft parts described in the utility model, the deformation of the middle part of the crankshaft during vibration aging increases from 0.07mm of the current vibration aging device to 0.64mm, the maximum deformation range is greatly increased, and the deformation at both ends of the crankshaft is also greatly improved. , At the same time, the dynamic stress distribution of the two shafts is more uniform than the traditional vibration method.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 3, the concrete structure of another embodiment of the present utility model, this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 at the main exciter bottom 6, comprises fork bar 16, left end cover 15, right end cover 17, fork bar The two ends of 16 are provided with arc-shaped fork 18 (as seen from the figure, the position of the lead wire of 18 should be moved into the fork), and the two ends of fork 18 have outwardly protruding extensions 19 along the radial direction, and on the extension plate 19 There are through holes, the left end cap 15 and the right end cap 17 are arc-shaped, and the openings are also arc-shaped to match the fork 18, and the two ends of the left end cap 15 and the right end cap 17 are also provided with outward radially. The protruding extension plate 19 has a through hole on the extension plate 19, and the left end cover 15 and the right end cover 17 are fixed on the fork bar 16 through bolts, and the fork bar 16 can be fixed on the shaft part 4. When installing, the The arc-shaped forks 18 at both ends of the fork bar 16 are respectively clamped on the shaft diameter of the shaft part 4, and then the left end cover 15 and the right end cover 17 are fixed on the fork bar 16 by bolts, and the vibrator base 6 is completed. Of course, the position of the vibrator base 6 can also be moved in the axial direction, which can change the excitation position of the vibrator 5 to the shaft part 4.

When the utility model performs vibration aging on the shaft parts, the shaft parts are placed on the support block of the support mechanism first, and then the clamp of the exciter base installed with the vibration exciter is supported in the middle of the shaft parts, and finally , adjust the excitation frequency of the vibrator so that it is excited at the same frequency as the natural frequency of the shaft part.

Claims (6)

1. A vibration aging device for medium and low frequency shaft parts, characterized in that the device consists of a vibrator, a clamping block for clamping a workpiece and a support mechanism connected with the clamping block, and the support mechanism consists of A pair of oppositely arranged left support frame, right support frame and the support seat for installing the left support frame and the right support frame, the clamp support block and the left support frame and the right support frame of the support mechanism are all rotatable connections, the left The support frame and the right support frame are rigidly connected to the support base. The vibration aging device for shaft parts is also provided with a vibration exciter base for installing the exciter. The vibration exciter base is clamped in the middle of the workpiece, and the vibration aging , the vibrator, the base of the vibrator and the workpiece vibrate together. 2. A vibration aging device for medium and low frequency shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that the base of the vibrator is composed of an upper bottom cover and a lower bottom plate, and the vibrator is installed in the middle of the upper bottom cover, The upper bottom cover and the lower base are connected by bolts, and the two ends of the upper bottom cover and the lower base are arc-shaped, and can be fixed on shaft parts after being connected. 3. A vibration aging device for medium and low frequency shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that the base of the exciter consists of a fork bar with arc-shaped fork openings at both ends and a fork at both ends of the fork bar It is composed of a left end cover and a right end cover matched with the mouth. After the left end cover and the right end cover are matched and installed, the exciter base is fixed on the shaft parts. 4. A vibration aging device for medium and low frequency shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that the support base and the left support frame are provided with chute correspondingly, and the left support frame can move in the chute, Adjust the distance between the left support frame and the right support frame. 5 . The vibration aging device for medium and low frequency shaft parts according to claim 1 , wherein the clamping block is connected to the left support frame and the right support frame of the support mechanism through hinges. 6 . 6 . The vibration aging device for medium and low frequency shaft parts according to claim 1 , wherein the clamping surface of the clamping block clamping the workpiece among the clamping blocks is arc-shaped or V-shaped. 7 .

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