CN202204294U - Thermal simulation furnace provided with heating/cooling controllable structure and enabling midway sampling - Google Patents
Thermal simulation furnace provided with heating/cooling controllable structure and enabling midway sampling Download PDFInfo
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- CN202204294U CN202204294U CN2011202579595U CN201120257959U CN202204294U CN 202204294 U CN202204294 U CN 202204294U CN 2011202579595 U CN2011202579595 U CN 2011202579595U CN 201120257959 U CN201120257959 U CN 201120257959U CN 202204294 U CN202204294 U CN 202204294U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a thermal simulation furnace provided with a heating/cooling controllable structure and enabling midway sampling. The thermal simulation furnace comprises a furnace shell, a furnace lining, a soaking screen, a radial sampling device, a heating element, a thermocouple, a cooling pipeline and a control device, wherein the furnace lining is arranged in the furnace shell; the soaking screen is arranged in the inner cavity of the furnace lining; the radial sampling device is arranged at an opening at the top of the soaking screen; and multiple uniformly-distributed soaking screen cooling air channels are arranged on the outer wall of the soaking screen, thus forming the soaking screen with a cooling structure. The thermal simulation furnace provided by the utility model comprises a furnace plug with a cross sampling structure and the soaking screen with a hollow flange and a cooling pipeline, and has the following characteristics: in combination with a computer, the furnace can realize numerical simulation production, accurate control of heating rate and accurate control of cooling rate, has a large range of cooling speed adjustment and can sample for test at each stage; and moreover, the sample volume is large, the temperature field in the furnace is not influenced, the temperature uniformity in the furnace is good, and the temperatures on the surface of a workpiece and inside the workpiece can be monitored during temperature rise/drop.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of thermal simulation stove, particularly relates to a kind of thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample midway; Belong to metal material heat treatment technics field.
Background technology
Gigawatt supercritical turbine rotor and nuclear power heavy forging are the critical components in energy source and power and the nuclear power manufacturing equipment, the domestic advanced development that also is in.China is greatly developing nuclear power, and the significance of the heat treatment technics of nuclear power heavy forging is self-evident.Develop supercritical turbine rotor and nuclear power heavy forging heat treatment analog machine with international most advanced level; Realize super large part heat treated online and off-line control and digital simulation; The precisely control product thermal treatment quality, handling for the controlled thermal of super large parts such as ultra supercritical Steam Turbine Rotor and nuclear power heavy forging provides advanced equipment significant.
At present, domestic heat treatment to the heavy casting and forging of forcing press more than 8000 tons also is in rule of thumb and works out operation stage, often because inappropriate technology, makes the performance inconsistency lattice or because of the excessive cracking etc. that causes of quenching residual stress.Heavy Machinery Plant in the native land all will manufacture experimently for every heavy casting and forging, and process cycle is long, and the trial-production Master Cost is high, and existing domestic beginning adopting process simulation stove carries out simulated test.In the prior art, there is following shortcoming in conventional heat-treatment furnace:
1, the Muffle pot of conventional heat-treatment furnace is the single isolated atmosphere heating that plays a part.Have following shortcoming: 1, cooling effect is poor; 2, when needs carry out the thermal simulation engineer testing to product, requirement can be controlled workpiece temperature in the cooling procedure accurately.At this moment, common Muffle pot is just powerless.
2, the sampling structure of conventional heat-treatment furnace comprises that is stretched into a round tube in the burner hearth, and round tube is provided with valve separate air pipeline outward.Iron wire is tied up worker's sample, in different time sections, takes out and analyzes.It exists following shortcoming to be: the sample quantities that 1, can place is less; 2, the layout of sample is restricted, and can only be on the same axis, and sample can not reflect the time of day of workpiece; 3, can not in technical process, take out sample.
3, the workpiece modes of emplacement of conventional heat-treatment furnace has two kinds: a kind of is that bin or the material platform of laying workpiece arranged in the burner hearth, above workpiece directly is positioned over; Its shortcoming is: the direct radiant heat transfer of heater element is given workpiece; The distribution of heater element is also inhomogeneous, causes the inhomogeneous of the interior temperature of stove.Another kind is that retort is arranged in the burner hearth, and the retort self-isolation has completely cut off a jar outer atmosphere; Though this kind method can preferably resolve the problem of temperature homogeneity,, seem powerless for the technology that requires accurately to control cooling velocity.
In sum, because existing equipment is difficult to adapt to requirement in temperature homogeneity, accuracy, process adjustments flexibility, can not in technical process, take out defectives such as sample, analogue data can not satisfy the engineer testing requirement far away.And heat treated computer simulation is one and has a high potential and complicated technology very, though the exploration of scholar's more than two decades through various countries still is far from the degree that reaches ripe, the further investigation that has a series of problems to still need and continue so far.
The utility model content
The purpose of the utility model; Be to exist temperature homogeneity, accuracy, process adjustments flexibility to be difficult to adapt to requirement in order to solve existing heat-treatment furnace of the prior art; Can not in technical process, take out sample; Make analogue data can not satisfy the shortcoming that engineer testing requires far away; A kind of thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample midway is provided; But this thermal simulation stove and accessory has sub computers to carry out that numerical simulation production, the rate of heat addition can accurately be controlled, cooldown rate can accurately be controlled, the cooling velocity adjustable range is big, can in each stage, can materials and test, and sample size is big, the characteristics that do not influence that temperature field in furnace, the interior temperature homogeneity of stove are good, can monitor surface of the work and internal temperature during heating and cooling.
The purpose of the utility model can reach through taking following technical scheme:
The thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample midway is characterized in that:
1) comprise furnace shell, be arranged on the furnace lining in the furnace shell, be arranged on stove village inner chamber equal heat shielding, be arranged on the radial pattern sampler of equal heat shielding top open part and heater element, thermoelectric corner, cooling line and control device; All the outer wall of heat shielding is provided with some equally distributed equal heat shielding cooling air channels, formation has the equal heat shielding of cooling structure;
2) between furnace lining and equal heat shielding, form heating clamber; On the diapire of furnace lining, be provided with stove village and heater element cooling duct, work-piece cools passage, stove village and heater element cooling duct are communicated with heating clamber, the inner chamber of the equal heat shielding of work-piece cools channel connection; All the inlet of heat shielding cooling air channel connects one of cooling line; The inlet of stove village and heater element cooling duct connect cooling line two, work-piece cools channel connection cooling line three; The cooling duct is communicated with heating clamber, and the work-piece cools passage is communicated with the inner chamber of equal heat shielding;
3) heater element, thermoelectric corner are separately positioned in the heating clamber; The output of the control input end of heater element, the control input end of cooling line and thermocouple is connected with an I/O end of control device respectively; Control said heater element by control device and constitute and add thermal control structure, constitute the cooling control structure by control device control cooling line; The signal output part of thermocouple is connected with the feedback signal input of control device, is detected in the stove temperature and fed back signal to control device by thermocouple to constitute closed loop controlling structure; Constitute sampling structure midway by the radial pattern sampler.
The purpose of the utility model can also reach through taking following technical scheme:
A kind of embodiment of the utility model is: said equal heat shielding is made up of equal heat shielding housing, the first hollow flange that is fixedly mounted on equal heat shielding case top; The inner chamber of the first hollow flange is separated into inlet chamber, heat-insulation chamber; On the sidewall of inlet chamber, be provided with several equally distributed air admission holes, in heat-insulation chamber, be provided with heat-preservation cotton; On the outer wall of equal heat shielding housing, be provided with several equally distributed equal heat shielding cooling air channels, all the air inlet of heat shielding cooling air channel is communicated with inlet chamber; Be provided with the second hollow flange at the furnace shell top, the inner chamber of the second hollow flange is separated into inlet chamber and discharge chamber, and discharge chamber is positioned at the outside of inlet chamber, and the air admission hole of inlet chamber is connected with the gas outlet of cooling line, the external air in the gas outlet of discharge chamber; Form cone match between the first hollow flange and the second hollow flange; The air admission hole of the inlet chamber of the first hollow flange is communicated with the venthole of the inlet chamber of the second hollow flange, and the air outlet of the equal heat shielding cooling air channel of the first hollow flange is communicated with the discharge chamber of the second hollow flange.
A kind of embodiment of the utility model is: the radial pattern sampler; Constitute by top board, refractory fibre, several steel pipes, base plate and gland; Top board is fixedly connected with base plate through some steel pipes; Said refractory fibre is arranged between top board and the base plate, and gland formula easy to assemble is installed on the top board; On top board, refractory fibre, base plate, be respectively equipped with cross recess and be positioned at the through hole at cross recess center, cross recess and through hole run through top board, refractory fibre, base plate from top to bottom; The gland of radial pattern sampler forms the stove plug of thermal simulation stove.
A kind of embodiment of the utility model is: said control device comprises man-machine interface, PLC, temperature control instrument, electric power adjuster, frequency converter, air blast and execution valve; The signal I/O end of man-machine interface is connected with one of signal I/O end of PLC; Junction between the signal I/O end of man-machine interface and PLC is connected with the temperature control instrument signal input part, and two of the signal I/O end of PLC is connected with the signal I/O end of temperature control instrument; The feedback signal input of PLC is connected with the feedback signal output of thermocouple; Junction between the signal I/O end of PLC and temperature control instrument is connected with the signal input part of electric power adjuster, and the signal output part of electric power adjuster is connected with the signal input part of heater element; One of signal output part of PLC is connected with the signal input part of carrying out valve, and two of the signal output part of PLC is connected with the signal input part of frequency converter; The signal output part of frequency converter is connected with the signal input part of air blast; The air outlet of air blast is connected, carries out valve with the air inlet of cooling line and is installed on the cooling line.
A kind of embodiment of the utility model: above the work-piece cools passage, be provided with homogenizing plate at equal heat shielding meta, homogenizing plate is processed by the heat-resisting steel sheet and plate that has several equally distributed circular apertures.
A kind of embodiment of the utility model is: the quantity of said stove village and heater element cooling duct is two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or 12.
A kind of embodiment of the utility model is: said equal heat shielding housing be shaped as hollow cylindrical, all having several equally distributed steam vents on the heat shielding housing.
A kind of embodiment of the utility model is: said equal heat shielding cooling air channel is made up of the flap on the outer wall that is welded in the equal heat shielding housing of housing, and its left side is an air inlet, and the right side is an air outlet; The quantity of said equal heat shielding cooling air channel is two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or 12.
A kind of embodiment of the utility model is: the quantity of the air admission hole of the inlet chamber of the said first hollow flange is two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or 12; The quantity of the cooling air channel of the first hollow flange is two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or 12.
A kind of embodiment of the utility model is: the quantity of said steel pipe is three, four, five, six, seven or eight, and each steel pipe is evenly distributed between top board and the base plate; One end of each steel pipe welds with base plate respectively with top board welding, the other end respectively.
The beneficial effect of the utility model:
1, the utility model adopts computer as the human-computer dialogue window; The operator operates and monitors stove through man-machine interface; Computer is through RS458 serial ports and temperature control instrument and PLC communication; Temperature control instrument and PLC receive from the operating parameter of computer and carry out the control element of controlling slave computer with instruction, and the running status with stove feeds back to computer simultaneously; The electric power adjuster realizes adding the thermal control function according to the given signal adjustment electric power output of temperature control instrument; PLC realizes stove cooling control function according to parameter and the operational order control frequency converter and the Push And Release of carrying out valve and the size of regulating its output quantity of computer installation.Therefore, can carry out numerical simulation production, and set up the Technology for Heating Processing database.
2, the utility model is provided with the multichannel cooling duct, is respectively: equal heat shielding cooling air channel, stove village and heater element cooling duct, work-piece cools passage.Each road cooling capacity is different, can satisfy the needs of different cooling.Directly cool off workpiece, cooling rate is the fastest.The refrigeration muffle jar, speed is taken second place.The cooled hearth cooling rate is slower.Can satisfy the needs of different cooling.Directly cool off workpiece, cooling rate is the fastest.The refrigeration muffle jar, cooling rate is taken second place.The cooled hearth cooling rate is slower.
3, the heating of the utility model, cooling rate speed are accurately controlled.On cooling line, be furnished with pressure control valve, flow control element, can reach the requirement of technique initialization.Simultaneously, heater element adopts high-temperature alloy material to process, and in temperature-fall period slowly, heater element is participated in control, and temperature-compensating is carried out with cooling simultaneously.Each road type of cooling and mode of heating can make up use separately; Use also capable of being combined, flexible and changeable.
4, the utility model makes single air-flow through behind the homogenizing plate through above the work-piece cools passage, being provided with homogenizing plate at equal heat shielding meta, becomes the multiply air-flow that is parallel to each other, and temperature is descended evenly.No matter any control mode all can reach uniform cooling effect.
5, the utility model is provided with the radial pattern sampler; Through on top board, refractory fibre, base plate, being respectively equipped with cross recess and being positioned at the through hole at cross recess center, when hanging sample, gland is opened; Adopt iron wire to hang sample; Get into from the through hole that is positioned at the cross recess center, move to four limits, place on the cross recess at last along cross recess.Therefore, have the following advantages: 1, can place a plurality of samples, can reach 20 at most; 2, the layout of sample is radiation, can reflect the time of day of workpiece; 3, because gland is combined by the polylith fiber block, each fiber block can break separately; When materialsing, can take away a fiber block of corresponding style position on the gland; Sampling finishes, and covers again to get final product; Can take a sample any time, the state of research crystal grain change procedure and different phase does not influence temperature field in furnace when taking a sample simultaneously.
6, the described even heat shielding of the utility model, it is more even to make that workpiece is heated.The described even heat shielding of the utility model is provided with hollow flange, and the inner chamber of hollow flange is separated into inlet chamber, heat-insulation chamber; Inlet chamber makes that the air-flow of the equal heat shielding of cooling is more even; And heat-insulation chamber makes equal heat shielding with extraneous heat insulation better.The utility model is provided with eight cooling air channels at equal heat shielding housing outer walls, under extraneous function or input or situation about stopping, all can regulate temperature in the equal heat shielding through independent refrigerating function on the equal heat shielding housing.Simultaneously, because cooling air channel is communicated with the cooling line of being furnished with pressure control valve, flow control element, has the advantage that accurately to control cooling velocity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure cutaway view of the utility model specific embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of the equal heat shielding of the utility model specific embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the upward view of the equal heat shielding of the utility model specific embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is that E among Fig. 2 is to expanded view.
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of the sampler of the utility model specific embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is the upward view of the base plate of the utility model specific embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is the structured flowchart of the control device of specific embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is the time-temperature curve figure of the temperature-rise period of specific embodiment 1.
Fig. 9 is the time-temperature curve figure of the temperature-rise period of specific embodiment 1
Figure 10 is the time-temperature curve figure of the cooling procedure of specific embodiment 1.
The specific embodiment
Specific embodiment:
With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 7; Present embodiment comprises furnace shell 1; Be arranged on the furnace lining 2 in the furnace shell 1, be arranged on stove village 2 inner chambers equal heat shielding 3, be arranged on the radial pattern sampler 4 of equal heat shielding 3 top open parts and heater element 5, thermoelectric corner 6, cooling line 7 and control device; All the outer wall of heat shielding 3 is provided with some equally distributed equal heat shielding cooling air channel 3-4, formation has the equal heat shielding of cooling structure; Between furnace lining 2 and equal heat shielding 3, form heating clamber 11; On the diapire of furnace lining 2, be provided with stove village and heater element cooling duct 2-1, work-piece cools passage 2-2, stove village and heater element cooling duct 2-1 are communicated with heating clamber 11, and work-piece cools passage 2-2 is communicated with the inner chamber of equal heat shielding 3; All the inlet of heat shielding cooling air channel 3-4 connects one of cooling line 7; The inlet of stove village and heater element cooling duct 2-1 connect cooling line 7 two, work-piece cools passage 2-2 is communicated with three of cooling line 7; Cooling duct 2-1 is communicated with heating clamber 11, and work-piece cools passage 2-2 is communicated with the inner chamber of equal heat shielding 3; Heater element 5, thermoelectric corner 6 are separately positioned in the heating clamber 11; The output of the control input end of the control input end of heater element 5, cooling line 7 and thermocouple 6 is connected with an I/O end of control device respectively; Control said heater element by control device and constitute and add thermal control structure, constitute the cooling control structure by control device control cooling line 7; The signal output part of thermocouple 6 is connected with the feedback signal input of control device, is detected in the stoves temperature and fed back signal to control device by thermocouple 6 to constitute closed loop controlling structure; Constitute sampling structure midway by radial pattern sampler 4.
In the present embodiment:
Be provided with charging basket 10 in the inside of equal heat shielding 3, charging basket 10 hangs on the below of radial pattern sampler 4.
Said furnace lining 2 is processed by heat resistance fiber.The bottom of furnace lining 2 is a light fire brick, and reaching the top all around is refractory fibre.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, said equal heat shielding 3 is made up of equal heat shielding housing 3-1, the first hollow flange 3-2 that is fixedly mounted on equal heat shielding housing 3-1 top; The inner chamber of the first hollow flange 3-2 is separated into inlet chamber 3-2-1, heat-insulation chamber 3-2-2; On the sidewall of inlet chamber 3-2-1, be provided with several equally distributed air admission hole 3-2-1, in heat-insulation chamber 3-2-2, be provided with heat-preservation cotton 3-3; On the outer wall of equal heat shielding housing 3-1, be provided with several equally distributed equal heat shielding cooling air channel 3-4, all the air inlet 3-4-1 of heat shielding cooling air channel 3-4 is communicated with inlet chamber 3-2-1; Be provided with the second hollow flange 9 at furnace shell 1 top; The inner chamber of the second hollow flange 9 is separated into inlet chamber 9-1 and discharge chamber 9-2; Discharge chamber 9-2 is positioned at the outside of inlet chamber 9-1, and the air admission hole of inlet chamber 9-1 is connected with the gas outlet of cooling line 7, the external air in the gas outlet of discharge chamber 9-2; Form cone match between the first hollow flange 3-2 and the second hollow flange 9; The air admission hole 3-2-1a of the inlet chamber 3-2-1 of the first hollow flange 3-2 is communicated with the venthole of the inlet chamber 9-1 of the second hollow flange 9, and the air outlet of the equal heat shielding cooling air channel 3-4 of the first hollow flange 3-2 is communicated with the discharge chamber 9-2 of the second hollow flange 9.
Said equal heat shielding housing 3-1 is shaped as hollow cylindrical, is all having eight equally distributed steam vent 3-1-1 on the heat shielding housing 3-1, the passage that steam vent 3-1-1 discharges as atmosphere in the housing.This place is the place that furnace gas is discharged, when the cooling workpiece, gas just from then on eight steam vents discharge outside the retort.Said equal heat shielding cooling air channel 3-4 is made up of the flap on the outer wall that is welded in the equal heat shielding housing of housing 3-1, and its left side is air inlet 3-4-1, and the right side is air outlet 3-4-2; Carry gas to enter to the air inlet of each cooling air channel by inlet chamber 3-2-1, through exhaust outlet gas is discharged again.
In equal heat shieldings 3, be positioned at work-piece cools passage 2-2 above be provided with homogenizing plate 3-5, homogenizing plate 3-5 is processed by the heat-resisting steel sheet and plate that has several equally distributed circular aperture 3-5-1.Single air-flow becomes the multiply air-flow that is parallel to each other through behind the homogenizing plate, makes cooling effect more even.
With reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6; Radial pattern sampler 4; Constitute by top board 4-1, refractory fibre 4-2, four steel pipe 4-3, base plate 4-4 and gland 4-5; Top board 4-1 is fixedly connected with base plate 4-4 through steel pipe 4-3, and said refractory fibre 4-2 is arranged between top board 4-1 and the base plate 4-3, and gland 4-5 formula easy to assemble is installed on the top board 4-1; On top board 4-1, refractory fibre 4-2, base plate 4-5, be respectively equipped with cross recess 4-6 and be positioned at the through hole 4-7 at cross recess 4-6 center, cross recess 4-6 and through hole 4-7 run through top board 4-1, refractory fibre 4-2, base plate 4-4 from top to bottom; The gland 4-5 of radial pattern sampler 4 forms the stove plug of thermal simulation stove.The decrement of said refractory fibre 4-2 is 30%～40%.Each steel pipe 4-3 is evenly distributed between top board 4-1 and the base plate 4-4; The end of each steel pipe 4-3 welds with base plate 4-4 respectively with top board 4-1 welding, the other end respectively.Steel pipe also maybe be as the passage of plugging in thermocouple both as structural member.Said base plate 4 adopts heat resisting steel to process.Said gland 4-5 is combined by the polylith fiber block, and each fiber block can break separately.When materialsing, can take away its corresponding.Sampling finishes, and covers again.Play bigger possible insulation effect.
Said heater element 5 adopts high-temperature alloy material to process.In temperature-fall period slowly, heater element is participated in control, and temperature-compensating is carried out with cooling simultaneously.Be evenly arranged in the burner hearth outside, the even temperature field is provided.
Said thermocouple 6 is an armoured thermocouple, and thermal response is fast, can reflect temperature in the stove more rapidly by chance than non-armouring.Thermocouple 6 inserts heating clamber from furnace shell 1, furnace lining 2 middle parts, near equal heat shielding 3.
Said cooling line 7 is divided into three the tunnel, is communicated with equal heat shielding cooling air channel 3-4, stove village and heater element cooling duct 2-1, work-piece cools passage 2-2 respectively.Each road cooling capacity is different.Can satisfy the needs of different cooling.Directly cool off workpiece, cooling rate is the fastest.The refrigeration muffle jar, speed is taken second place.The cooled hearth cooling rate is slower.On cooling line 7, be provided with pressure control valve and flow control element.Each road type of cooling and mode of heating can use separately; Use also capable of being combined, flexible and changeable.Cooling rate speed is accurately controlled.
With reference to Fig. 7, said control device comprises man-machine interface 8-1, PLC8-2, temperature control instrument 8-3, electric power adjuster 8-4, frequency converter 8-5, air blast 8-6 and carries out valve 8-7; The signal I/O end of man-machine interface 8-1 is connected with one of signal I/O end of PLC8-2; Junction between the signal I/O end of man-machine interface 8-1 and PLC8-2 is connected with temperature control instrument 8-3 signal input part, and two of the signal I/O end of PLC8-2 is connected with the signal I/O end of temperature control instrument 8-3; The feedback signal input of PLC8-2 is connected with the feedback signal output of thermocouple 6; Junction between the signal I/O end of PLC8-2 and temperature control instrument 8-3 is connected with the signal input part of electric power adjuster 8-4, and the signal output part of electric power adjuster 8-4 is connected with the signal input part of heater element 5; One of signal output part of PLC8-2 is connected with the signal input part of carrying out valve, and two of the signal output part of PLC8-2 is connected with the signal input part of frequency converter 8-5; The signal output part of frequency converter 8-5 is connected with the signal input part of air blast 8-6; The air outlet of air blast 8-6 is connected, carries out valve 8-7 with the air inlet of cooling line 7 and is installed on the cooling line 7.
Adopt computer as the human-computer dialogue window; The operator operates and monitors stove through man-machine interface; Computer is through RS458 serial ports and temperature control instrument and PLC communication; Temperature control instrument and PLC receive from the operating parameter of computer and carry out the control element of controlling slave computer with instruction, and the running status with stove feeds back to computer simultaneously; The electric power adjuster realizes adding the thermal control function according to the given signal adjustment electric power output of temperature control instrument; PLC realizes stove cooling control function according to parameter and the operational order control frequency converter and the Push And Release of carrying out valve and the size of regulating its output quantity of computer installation.
The main application of man-machine interface is parameter setting, logical operation, status monitoring, data record and history report.Can formulate one and a plurality of production technologies in advance through native system, the process curve that system formulates automatic basis in advance after starting carry out heating and cooling, and the temperature and time of production technology and variation slope can freely be provided with in allowed band.Temperature control instrument adopts the original-pack high Accuracy PID controller of Japanese physics and chemistry, has automatic PID tuber function, characteristics such as temperature control precision height, working stability; High pure and fresh LED display window is arranged, when computer glitch, can switch to manual operation, avoid in the technology implementation owing to cause technology to stop during computer glitch or accident that workpiece is scrapped; PLC is integrated other parameter acquisition, function such as chain, system command output unusually, working stability, wiring is simple, the control debugging is convenient; Electric power adjuster, frequency converter and execution valve all adopt analog quantity to regulate, and linear adjustment is good, control is flexible.
The thermal simulation furnaceman makes principle:
After selecting the operation process of stove and starting stove; Stove can be differentiated heating or cooling automatically according to the process section and the current equipment state of current executed; Adjust the duty of temperature control instrument and PLC simultaneously constantly according to the operation process that is provided with, each scan period of computer is all refreshed setting and the duty of monitoring and adjustment instrument and PLC.
In the process that technology is carried out; Computer is according to formulating good process curve; Constantly upgrade the setting of instrument and PLC, each temperature of upgrading that is provided with equals next temperature section numerical value and deducts the time of carrying out divided by this temperature section behind the last temperature section numerical value, promptly Δ T=(T '-T)/t; As working as T '-T＞0 for temperature-rise period, T '-T=0 is that temperature keeps the stage; T '-T＜0 is a cooling procedure, and instrument can accurately be controlled the output of heating according to the temperature parameter that is provided with; System can be set to different pid parameters in the instrument automatically under stage in different temperature, and to adapt to the different pid parameter requirement of high, normal, basic temperature, it is more accurate to make temperature control.
Certain temperature difference and hysteresis are arranged inside and outside the retort, if be as the criterion with the outside temperature of retort, after external temperature reached design temperature, the retort internal temperature did not just also reach technological temperature; If be as the criterion with the retort temperature inside, when then internal temperature reached design temperature, the retort external temperature had exceeded the temperature of target; So we have taked retort internal control temperature, retort is outside as protection, between two temperature a deviation range is being set inside and outside the retort; Exceed the deviate of this setting when the retort external temperature after, stove can stop the output heating, and is inner to retort by the temperature radiation that retort is outside; After the retort external temperature descends; Stove heats from new output, so moves repeatedly up to the outside temperature arrival of retort temperature value is set, and has guaranteed technological temperature like this; Also protect simultaneously the service behaviour of stove, avoided temperature superelevation damage equipment.
1 intensification principle:
With a certain temperature rise period be example, the intensification principle is described, from 200 ℃ of intensification sections that rise to 400 ℃, 50 minutes times spent, then 400 ℃ always the insulation.The temperature value that every 1S rises is Δ t=(400-200)/(50*60)=0.05 ℃/S, and computer just constantly refreshes with the design temperature of this heating rate to temp controlled meter and PLC so.Temp controlled meter and the every 1S of PLC settings just increase by 0.05 ℃, just can reach 400 ℃ in 50 minutes, and actual temperature will follow hard on design temperature and rise.The actual temperature that feeds back from the inner thermocouple of body of heater can be read in the PLC and be presented at the computer.
Retort internal temperature (workpiece surface temperature) mainly is to receive retort external temperature (temperature of heater) radiation, so the retort internal temperature always lags behind temperature in the stove in temperature-rise period, is the retort temperature inside and we require; So outside function of using the temperature restriction of knowing clearly of retort; After the retort external temperature exceeds certain limit, stop to add thermal output automatically, after temperature is less than certain deviate; Automatically output heating; Repeat the temperature that makes outside the retort repeatedly and also in individual stable scope, fluctuate,, also avoid the outer temperature of retort to exceed too high damage equipment simultaneously the temperature that temperature in the stove presses close to set as much as possible.With reference to Fig. 8, among the figure, curve 1 is the outer temperature of retort, and curve 2 is a temperature in the retort, and curve 3 is for being provided with temperature.
In actual temperature and the real-time design temperature PID computing, the pid parameter group of being launched can be judged automatically according to the temperature value that is provided with by system, makes it is to export just to handle the critical damping state.As shown in the figure, system can not cause underdamping because of the pid parameter group of calling high temperature section, produces temperature overshot and swings unstable; Can not cause overdamp, cause temperature to be difficult to arrive settings because of the pid parameter group that has started low-temperature zone.With reference to Fig. 9, among the figure, curve 1 expression underdamping state, curve 2 expression critical damping states, curve 3 expression overdamp states.
2 cool principles:
In cooling procedure, work as cooldown rate less than stove nature cooldown rate; Stove will be opened heating function automatically and be incubated; When cooldown rate during greater than stove nature cooldown rate; Stove will cut out heating function, opens cooling blower stove is cooled off, and the size of amount of cooling water can realize through the aperture of control valve and the frequency of blower fan.
Stove is according to the definition slow cooling of cooldown rate, slow cooling, cold, four speed of chilling soon; Different cooling air flaps are opened in different cooldown rate controls; Need heat tracing during slow cooling; We cool off a retort ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre during slow cooling, simultaneously a retort ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre is cooled off and the heater cooling when cold soon, chilling not only to a retort ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre cool off with the heater cooling simultaneously directly to work-piece cools.
At the transit point of each chilling temperature curve, we take lead and lag and soft unlatching or soft measure of closing, and guarantee that furnace is level and smooth excessively more and press close to setting value.
With reference to Figure 10, among the figure, curve 1 expression temperature decline node has adopted that heating is leading soft closes and cool off the soft unlatching that lags behind, and temperature keeps node to adopt leading soft unlatching of heating and leading soft the closing of cooling; Curve 2 is represented the heating and cooling hard firings and is closed; Curve 3 expression heating and cooling lag behind.
Specific embodiment 2:
The characteristics of present embodiment: the quantity of said equal heat shielding cooling air channel 3-4 is two, three, four, five, six, seven, nine, ten or 12.Other are identical with specific embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment 3:
The characteristics of present embodiment: the quantity of said stove village and heater element cooling duct 2-1 is two, three, four, five, six, seven, nine, ten or 12.Other are identical with specific embodiment 1.
Other embodiment:
The quantity of the air admission hole 32-1a of the inlet chamber 3-2-1 of the first hollow flange 3-2 is two, three, four, five, six, seven, nine, ten or 12.The quantity of said steel pipe 4-3 is three, five, six, seven or eight.
The above; Be merely the preferable specific embodiment of the utility model; But the protection domain of the utility model is not limited thereto; Any technical staff who is familiar with the present technique field is equal to replacement or changes according to the technical scheme of the utility model and utility model design thereof in the scope that the utility model discloses, and all belongs to the protection domain of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. the thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample midway is characterized in that:
1) comprises furnace shell (1); Be arranged on the furnace lining (2) in the furnace shell (1); Be arranged on stove village (2) inner chamber equal heat shielding (3), be arranged on the radial pattern sampler (4) of equal heat shielding (3) top open part and heater element (5), thermoelectric corner (6), cooling line (7) and control device; All the outer wall of heat shielding (3) is provided with some equally distributed equal heat shielding cooling air channels (3-4), formation has the equal heat shielding of cooling structure;
2) between furnace lining (2) and equal heat shielding (3), form heating clamber (11); On the diapire of furnace lining (2), be provided with stove village and heater element cooling duct (2-1), work-piece cools passage (2-2), stove village and heater element cooling duct (2-1) are communicated with heating clamber (11), and work-piece cools passage (2-2) is communicated with the inner chamber of equal heat shielding (3); All the inlet of heat shielding cooling air channel (3-4) connects one of cooling line (7); The inlet of stove village and heater element cooling duct (2-1) connect cooling line (7) two, work-piece cools passage (2-2) is communicated with three of cooling line (7); Cooling duct (2-1) is communicated with heating clamber (11), and work-piece cools passage (2-2) is communicated with the inner chamber of equal heat shielding (3);
3) heater element (5), thermoelectric corner (6) are separately positioned in the heating clamber (11); The output of the control input end of the control input end of heater element (5), cooling line (7) and thermocouple (6) is connected with an I/O end of control device respectively; Control said heater element by control device and constitute and add thermal control structure, constitute the cooling control structure by control device control cooling line (7); The signal output part of thermocouple (6) is connected with the feedback signal input of control device, is detected the interior temperature of stove and fed back signal to control device by thermocouple (6) to constitute closed loop controlling structure; Constitute sampling structure midway by radial pattern sampler (4).
2. the thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample midway according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
1) said equal heat shielding (3) is made up of equal heat shielding housing (3-1), the first hollow flange (3-2) that is fixedly mounted on equal heat shielding housing (3-1) top; The inner chamber of the first hollow flange (3-2) is separated into inlet chamber (3-2-1), heat-insulation chamber (3-2-2); On the sidewall of inlet chamber (3-2-1), be provided with several equally distributed air admission holes (3-2-1a), in heat-insulation chamber (3-2-2), be provided with heat-preservation cotton (3-3); On the outer wall of equal heat shielding housing (3-1), be provided with several equally distributed equal heat shielding cooling air channels (3-4), all the air inlet (3-4-1) of heat shielding cooling air channel (3-4) is communicated with inlet chamber (3-2-1);
2) be provided with the second hollow flange (9) at furnace shell (1) top; The inner chamber of the second hollow flange (9) is separated into inlet chamber (9-1) and discharge chamber (9-2); Discharge chamber (9-2) is positioned at the outside of inlet chamber (9-1); The air admission hole of inlet chamber (9-1) is connected with the gas outlet of cooling line (7), the external air in gas outlet of discharge chamber (9-2);
3) form cone match between the first hollow flange (3-2) and the second hollow flange (9); The air admission hole (3-2-1a) of the inlet chamber (3-2-1) of the first hollow flange (3-2) is communicated with the venthole of the inlet chamber (9-1) of the second hollow flange (9), and the air outlet of the equal heat shielding cooling air channel (3-4) of the first hollow flange (3-2) is communicated with the discharge chamber (9-2) of the second hollow flange (9).
3. the thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample midway according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: radial pattern sampler (4); Constitute by top board (4-1), refractory fibre (4-2), several steel pipes (4-3), base plate (4-4) and gland (4-5); Top board (4-1) is fixedly connected with base plate (4-4) through some steel pipes (4-3), and said refractory fibre (4-2) is arranged between top board (4-1) and the base plate (4-3), and gland (4-5) formula easy to assemble is installed on the top board (4-1); On top board (4-1), refractory fibre (4-2), base plate (4-5), be respectively equipped with cross recess (4-6) and be positioned at the through hole (4-7) at cross recess (4-6) center, cross recess (4-6) runs through top board (4-1), refractory fibre (4-2), base plate (4-4) from top to bottom with through hole (4-7); The gland (4-5) of radial pattern sampler (4) forms the stove plug of thermal simulation stove.
4. according to the described thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample of the arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 3 midway, it is characterized in that: said control device comprises man-machine interface (8-1), PLC (8-2), temperature control instrument (8-3), electric power adjuster (8-4), frequency converter (8-5), air blast (8-6) and carries out valve (8-7); The signal I/O end of man-machine interface (8-1) is connected with one of signal I/O end of PLC (8-2); Junction between the signal I/O end of man-machine interface (8-1) and PLC (8-2) is connected with temperature control instrument (8-3) signal input part, and two of the signal I/O end of PLC (8-2) is connected with the signal I/O end of temperature control instrument (8-3); The feedback signal input of PLC (8-2) is connected with the feedback signal output of thermocouple (6); Junction between the signal I/O end of PLC (8-2) and temperature control instrument (8-3) is connected with the signal input part of electric power adjuster (8-4), and the signal output part of electric power adjuster (8-4) is connected with the signal input part of heater element (5); One of signal output part of PLC (8-2) is connected with the signal input part of carrying out valve, and two of the signal output part of PLC (8-2) is connected with the signal input part of frequency converter (8-5); The signal output part of frequency converter (8-5) is connected with the signal input part of air blast (8-6); The air outlet of air blast (8-6) is connected, carries out valve (8-7) with the air inlet of cooling line (7) and is installed on the cooling line (7).
5. according to the described thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample of the arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 3 midway; It is characterized in that: the top that in equal heat shielding (3), is positioned at work-piece cools passage (2-2) is provided with homogenizing plate (3-5), and homogenizing plate (3-5) is processed by the heat-resisting steel sheet and plate that has several equally distributed circular apertures (3-5-1).
6. the thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample midway according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the quantity of said stove village and heater element cooling duct (2-1) is two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or 12.
7. the thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample midway according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said equal heat shielding housing (3-1) be shaped as hollow cylindrical, all having several equally distributed steam vents (3-1-1) on the heat shielding housing (3-1).
8. the thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample midway according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said equal heat shielding cooling air channel (3-4) is made up of the flap on the outer wall that is welded in the equal heat shielding housing of housing (3-1); Its left side is air inlet (3-4-1), and the right side is air outlet (3-4-2); The quantity of said equal heat shielding cooling air channel (9-4) is two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or 12.
9. the thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample midway according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the quantity of the air admission hole (3-2-1a) of the inlet chamber (3-2-1) of the said first hollow flange (3-2) is two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or 12; The quantity of the cooling air channel (3-4) of the first hollow flange (3-2) is two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or 12.
10. the described thermal simulation stove that has heating/cooling controlled architecture and can take a sample midway according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: the quantity of said steel pipe (4-3) is three, four, five, six, seven or eight, and each steel pipe (4-3) is evenly distributed between top board (4-1) and the base plate (4-4); One end of each steel pipe (4-3) welds with base plate (4-4) respectively with top board (4-1) welding, the other end respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202579595U CN202204294U (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2011-07-21 | Thermal simulation furnace provided with heating/cooling controllable structure and enabling midway sampling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202579595U CN202204294U (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2011-07-21 | Thermal simulation furnace provided with heating/cooling controllable structure and enabling midway sampling |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202204294U true CN202204294U (en) | 2012-04-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202579595U Expired - Lifetime CN202204294U (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2011-07-21 | Thermal simulation furnace provided with heating/cooling controllable structure and enabling midway sampling |
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| CN (1) | CN202204294U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102305539A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2012-01-04 | 广东世创金属科技有限公司 | Thermal simulation furnace with heating/cooling controllable structure and capable of sampling halfway |
| CN105195693A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-12-30 | 佛山市中研非晶科技股份有限公司 | Spraying device for amorphous strip |
| CN106440827A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-02-22 | 志圣科技（广州）有限公司 | Non-oxidation oven air-water cooling temperature reduction slope control method |
-
2011
- 2011-07-21 CN CN2011202579595U patent/CN202204294U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102305539A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2012-01-04 | 广东世创金属科技有限公司 | Thermal simulation furnace with heating/cooling controllable structure and capable of sampling halfway |
| CN105195693A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-12-30 | 佛山市中研非晶科技股份有限公司 | Spraying device for amorphous strip |
| CN106440827A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-02-22 | 志圣科技（广州）有限公司 | Non-oxidation oven air-water cooling temperature reduction slope control method |
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Address after: 528313, Stone Industrial Park, Chencun Town, Shunde District, Guangdong, Foshan, 32 Patentee after: Guangdong Shi Chuan metal Science and Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 528313, Stone Industrial Zone, Chencun Town, Shunde District, Guangdong, Foshan Patentee before: Guangdong Strong Metal Technology Co., Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20120425 |