CN202177653U - Single-phase smart meter based on impedance identification technology - Google Patents
Single-phase smart meter based on impedance identification technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN202177653U CN202177653U CN2011201704259U CN201120170425U CN202177653U CN 202177653 U CN202177653 U CN 202177653U CN 2011201704259 U CN2011201704259 U CN 2011201704259U CN 201120170425 U CN201120170425 U CN 201120170425U CN 202177653 U CN202177653 U CN 202177653U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a single-phase smart meter based on the impedance identification technology; the single-phase smart meter comprises a power supply unit, an electrical energy information processor, a central processor, a voltage transformer and a current transformer, a real-time clock, and a memory; the power supply unit is used for converting an input AC (Alternating Current) 220V voltage to a DC (Direct Current) voltage and providing stable system power to the meter; the electrical energy information processor and the central processor are connected with each other by using an SPI (Single Program Initiation) bus; the voltage transformer and the current transformer are connected with the electrical energy information processor and used for transmitting electrical energy information parameters of a monitored point to the electricity information processor; the real-time clock is connected with the central processor and used for controlling the precise time of the impedance matching carried out by the central processor; and the memory is connected with the central processor and used for storing electrical energy information data. The electrical energy information of the monitored point is compared with the impedance value pre-stored in the smart meter E2PROM, and the specific type and the model number of the electric equipment can be further obtained under the current power consumption conditions; the application scope of the smart meter is extremely wide and the unscientific electricity consumption habits of users can be guided, so that the economic benefit of users can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of applying electronic product, and design can be used for the energy information of each main consumer in the buildings is carried out constant the collection in real time exactly and monitoring based on a kind of brand-new impedance authentication technique.
Background technology
In recent years, along with being gradually improved of intelligent electrical network construction, the reformation of user's acquiring electric energy information system became wherein vital task.In order to follow the process that intelligent electrical network is built, and agree with energy-saving and emission-reduction, build the environmental protection concept of green building, the acquiring electric energy information system has got into the epoch of intelligent electric meter.
When the design intelligent electric meter; The several physical field that needs processing: applied power (
); Active power (
); Power factor (
), the relation between them is:
Traditional intelligent electric meter mainly is the total current when gathering it and use electrical appliance to the monitoring of user power utilization situation usually, then obtains total active power again.Like this, just can obtain the total power consumption of user in a certain stage.
Yet, along with quickening intelligent, IT application process,, make them can understand power information all sidedly for convenient service more is provided to the user, the function of intelligent electric meter also is gradually improved.The most outstanding characteristics of existing intelligent electric meter are exactly promptly can independently calculate, to store the power consumption of arbitrary period of single electrical appliance to carrying out category measurement with electric loading in the buildings.And the technological difficulties that realize this function are: select which kind of discrimination parameter can be exactly user's consumer to be made a distinction one by one.The technical approach that adopts at present mainly contains following two kinds:
⑴ based on the difference of load current;
⑵ based on the difference of the power-factor of load.
Above-mentioned dual mode is the most directly perceived, and is simple, but can't guarantee fully and can carry out classification and determination with electric loading to each, because may there be equal situation in the electric current of electrical appliance or power factor.
For these reasons, we study a kind of mode that combines electric current and power factor to differentiate load jointly, and through verification experimental verification the validity and the accuracy of this method.It realizes that principle is as shown in Figure 1; When only using a kind of load; Can obtain its power factor
and electric current
thereof; The other a kind of load of many again uses then then can obtain their total power factor values
and total current
.Therefore; According to parallelogram law, just can get the power factor
and the electric current
of the another kind of load of using till now.By that analogy, final just can be according to the different realizations of consumer electric current and power factor collection and monitoring to certain loads electricity consumption situation.
But in carrying out the lot of experiment validation process, we find that this method also exists and a bit are short of part: power factor and change in current are being carried out in the process of calculation process, ignoring the fact that voltage also might change.And the subtle change of voltage just may influence the power factor that records and the accuracy of electric current, thereby can not realize the precise and stable measurement to specific consumer power consumption information.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is to differentiate the existing drawback of technical approach of load to above-mentioned existing intelligent electric meter, proposes a kind of brand-new authentication technique mode---based on the difference of loaded impedance.Adopt this technical approach can realize the power information of a certain electrical appliance is carried out in real time constant accurately monitoring.
For the purpose that reaches the utility model adopts following technical scheme: a kind of single-phase intelligent ammeter based on the impedance authentication technique, comprise that the alternating current 220V voltage transitions with input is a DC voltage, the power supply unit of stable system power supply is provided for ammeter; Through interconnective energy information processor of spi bus and central processing unit; Be connected with the energy information processor, and the energy information parameter of monitoring point is sent to the voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer of energy information processor; Be connected with central processing unit, and the real-time clock of control central processing unit precise time when carrying out impedance matching; Be connected the storer of storage of electrical energy information data with central processing unit.
Described power supply unit comprises that the alternating current 220V voltage transitions with input is the AC/DC module of DC voltage, is connected over-current over-voltage protection unit and voltage regulation unit after the AC/DC module in order.
Described storer is E
2Prom memory.
Described central processing unit is the MSP430 chip.
Described energy information processor is the CS5643 chip.
Described single-phase intelligent ammeter based on the impedance authentication technique, in alternating circuit, load characteristic characterizes with its resistance value separately, and expression formula is:
Wherein,
and
is respectively the phasing degree of voltage and electric current, and then their phase angle is:
Can know according to formula (1.3); When impedance is an inductive; When being the electric current lagging voltage,
; When impedance is a capacitive character; When being the electric current leading voltage,
.
The attainable beneficial effect of the utility model: ⑴ is to the monitoring of overall power consumption: when target to be monitored uses electric energy, utilize electromagnetic induction principle, detect electric current, voltage, the phase place of target to be monitored through inductive coil.Then convert the corresponding digital amount to and be sent to central processing unit and carry out dissection process, obtain data such as applied power, power factor and storage through the electric energy processing module.⑵ to the monitoring of single electrical appliance electricity consumption situation: to the adaptive learning process that the user uses important consumer, obtain the pairing voltage of different electrical appliances, electric current and impedance, power factor etc. through intelligent electric meter.Then in the measuring and calculating process, carry out impedance matching, draw the power consumption that specific electricity consumption loads on arbitrary period.Therefore, the user can understand the power consumption rich and influential family of family through inquiring about power consumption at times, takes the power saving measure simultaneously, forms consumption habit good, science.⑶ when unusual power information occurs when certain monitoring point, can realize operations such as warning, accident treatment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on electric current and power factor change is differentiated the load schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is based on the single-phase intelligent ammeter theory diagram of impedance authentication technique;
Fig. 3 is the self study process flow diagram flow chart;
Fig. 4 carries out the impedance matching process flow diagram flow chart.
Embodiment
The utility model is differentiated the existing drawback of technical approach of load to the intelligent electric meter of prior art; A kind of brand-new authentication technique mode is proposed:, adopt this technical approach can realize the power information of a certain electrical appliance is carried out in real time constant accurately monitoring based on the difference of loaded impedance.
Impedance authentication technique principle explanation: Fig. 1 is based on electric current and power factor change is differentiated the load schematic diagram, and as shown in Figure 1, in alternating circuit, load characteristic characterizes with its resistance value separately, and expression formula is:
Wherein,
and
is respectively the phasing degree of voltage and electric current, and then their phase angle is:
Can know according to formula (1.3); When impedance is an inductive; When being the electric current lagging voltage,
; When impedance is a capacitive character; When being the electric current leading voltage,
.
Electric load in electrical network belongs to the inductive load mostly.And the outstanding feature of inductive load shows: its value can not receive the influence of voltage in the electrical network or electric current variation, is a metastable characteristic parameter.Therefore, based on this big advantage of inductive load, we have designed a kind of brand-new single-phase intelligent ammeter based on the impedance authentication technique.
Comprehensive above-mentioned derivation, the novel impedance that we designed differentiate that the single-phase intelligent ammeter is exactly to utilize the power consumption situation of monitoring its arbitrary period with the difference of the impedance operator that electric loading embodied.Before starting working; At first need intelligent electric meter is carried out one section adaptive learning process; Make it grasp each resistance value with electric loading, then the resistance value according to storage matees, and just can in the process of statistics power consumption, obtain the power consumption of arbitrary period of each electrical appliance.
Fig. 2 is the single-phase intelligent ammeter theory diagram based on the impedance authentication technique of the utility model; As shown in Figure 2: the single-phase intelligent ammeter based on the impedance authentication technique of the utility model, comprise that the alternating current 220V voltage transitions with input is a DC voltage, the power supply unit of stable system power supply is provided for ammeter; Through interconnective energy information processor of spi bus and central processing unit; Be connected with the energy information processor, and the energy information parameter of monitoring point is sent to the voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer of energy information processor; Be connected with central processing unit, and the real-time clock of control central processing unit precise time when carrying out impedance matching; Be connected the storer of storage of electrical energy information data with central processing unit.
The single-phase intelligent ammeter based on the impedance authentication technique of the utility model also comprises clock circuit and the protected location that is connected with the energy information processor, and the address control unit that is connected with central processing unit, reset unit and led display unit.
Described power supply unit comprises that the alternating current 220V voltage transitions with input is the AC/DC module of DC voltage, is connected over-current over-voltage protection unit and voltage regulation unit after the AC/DC module in order.Described storer is E
2Prom memory.Described central processing unit is the MSP430 chip.Described energy information processor is the CS5643 chip.
The course of work based on the single-phase intelligent ammeter of impedance authentication technique of the utility model is following: the energy information parameter of monitoring point (voltage, electric current) is through voltage transformer (VT) and current transformer, utilizes electromagnetic induction principle to detect to draw and send into high speed energy information processor CS5463 to handle.Then will handle data such as the electric current that obtains, voltage, phase place and be sent to central processing unit MSP430 through the SPI internal bus and further calculate, and obtain energy information data such as applied power, active power, impedance, power factor and be stored in E
2PROM.Precise time when controlling central processing unit MSP430 and carry out impedance matching through real-time clock.Power supply unit is DC voltage with the alternating current 220V voltage of input through the AC/DC module converts at first, then through the over-current over-voltage protection unit, becomes stable system power supply after the voltage stabilizing.
If need the power consumption information of certain given load is monitored, then need accomplish an adaptive learning process, obtain its resistance value, and be stored in E
2Among the PROM.The resistance value that then in monitor procedure, will at present obtain be stored in E
2Resistance value among the PROM matees: if equate, then mate successfully, it opens the time period of using through real-time clock log; If unequal, then proceed the next round coupling.So circulation just can obtain the power consumption information that certain loads is used the period.
Fig. 3 is the self study process flow diagram flow chart of the utility model.As shown in Figure 3, behind the electrification reset, read the collector address, i.e. voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer address.Start energy information processor CS5643 chip, the impedance of measuring and calculating different loads is sent to E after the processing
2PROM stores, and the self study process finishes.
Fig. 4 carries out the impedance matching process flow diagram flow chart.As shown in Figure 4, behind the electrification reset, read the collector address, i.e. voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer address.Start energy information processor CS5643 chip, calculate the loaded impedance of current use, read E
2Stored parameter among the PROM carries out impedance matching, and the beginning and ending time of record working load, the impedance matching process finishes.
The utlity model has following advantage:
⑴ realize the energy information of single electrical appliance is carried out constant monitoring, thereby change unscientific consumption habit, reaches energy-conserving and environment-protective, reduces CO2 emission and the effect that improves user's economic benefit.
⑵ can monitor and store the energy information of large-scale instrument and equipment in real time, and handled easily personnel inquire about at any time, and in time take conservation measures.
⑶ be beneficial to the head of a family child is carried out good home education: the user can understand the electricity consumption period of household electrical appliance such as computing machine, televisor through this system, thereby the study that the grasp child is in alone is dynamic.
⑷ be applicable to the monitoring of colleges and universities to the violated electrical equipment in students' dormitory: unusual electricity consumption situation occurs, can realize operations such as warning, accident treatment.
⑸ system oneself power consumption is lower.
Claims (5)
1. single-phase intelligent ammeter based on the impedance authentication technique is characterized in that: this single-phase intelligent ammeter comprises that the alternating current 220V voltage transitions with input is a DC voltage, and the power supply unit of stable system power supply is provided for ammeter; Through interconnective energy information processor of spi bus and central processing unit; Be connected with the energy information processor, and the energy information parameter of monitoring point is sent to the voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer of energy information processor; Be connected with central processing unit, and the real-time clock of control central processing unit precise time when carrying out impedance matching; Be connected the storer of storage of electrical energy information data with central processing unit.
2. the single-phase intelligent ammeter based on the impedance authentication technique according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described power supply unit comprises that the alternating current 220V voltage transitions with input is the AC/DC module of DC voltage, is connected over-current over-voltage protection unit and voltage regulation unit after the AC/DC module in order.
3. the single-phase intelligent ammeter based on the impedance authentication technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described storer is E
2Prom memory.
4. the single-phase intelligent ammeter based on the impedance authentication technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described central processing unit is the MSP430 chip.
5. the single-phase intelligent ammeter based on the impedance authentication technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described energy information processor is the CS5643 chip.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011201704259U CN202177653U (en) | 2010-11-03 | 2011-05-26 | Single-phase smart meter based on impedance identification technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201020588019 | 2010-11-03 | ||
| CN201020588019.X | 2010-11-03 | ||
| CN2011201704259U CN202177653U (en) | 2010-11-03 | 2011-05-26 | Single-phase smart meter based on impedance identification technology |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202177653U true CN202177653U (en) | 2012-03-28 |
Family
ID=45867527
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011201704259U Expired - Fee Related CN202177653U (en) | 2010-11-03 | 2011-05-26 | Single-phase smart meter based on impedance identification technology |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
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-
2011
- 2011-05-26 CN CN2011201704259U patent/CN202177653U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120328 Termination date: 20120526 |