CN202166711U - Single-phase grounding fault detecting device of power transmission and distribution line - Google Patents
Single-phase grounding fault detecting device of power transmission and distribution line Download PDFInfo
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- CN202166711U CN202166711U CN2011202644823U CN201120264482U CN202166711U CN 202166711 U CN202166711 U CN 202166711U CN 2011202644823 U CN2011202644823 U CN 2011202644823U CN 201120264482 U CN201120264482 U CN 201120264482U CN 202166711 U CN202166711 U CN 202166711U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a single-phase grounding fault detecting device of a power transmission and distribution line. The device includes a line transient current mutation rate detecting circuit (103) which conducts band-pass filtering to line current, obtains line transient current and outputs mutation rate information of line transient current; a line voltage electric field coupling circuit (104) detecting voltage of the power transmission and distribution line; and a microprocessor circuit (105) judging mutation rate signals of the line transient current when Delta Ip/Delta t >Rh, judging that line voltage decreases when V<<Vh, and judging short circuit grounding faults when two conditions above are satisfied. Delta Ip is a mutation value of the transient current. Delta t is a mutation time of the transient current. Rh is a predetermined threshold valve for judging the validity of the mutation rate of the transient current. Vh is a predetermined threshold value for judging the decrease of voltage. By using the fault detecting device in the utility model, error alarming or alarming failure phenomenon does not appear. The single-phase grounding fault detecting device of the power transmission and distribution line in the utility model can meet requirements of different users and is suitable for mass production.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to power equipment, relates in particular to the detection of electric line singlephase earth fault.
Background technology
Electric line branch is many, and circuit is long, and load is complicated.But, when earth fault occurring, must get rid of these faults as early as possible, otherwise phase voltage raises, can the grievous injury power-supply unit and the insulating property of circuit, and and then cause phase fault, thereby reduced power supply quality and efficient.And the position that will fix a breakdown and at first must find fault to take place.
For the neutral point indirect earthing electrical power trans mission/distribution system, during owing to the generation singlephase earth fault, line voltage is constant, and the line load electric current is constant, and characteristic quantity is not clearly, so the fault detect of single-phase earthing is a global problem.With regard to the detection of earth fault, the method that present checkout equipment mainly adopts has three types:
Half-wave method headed by the first kind, the capacitance voltage that promptly utilizes ground connection instant earthing phase are judged to be earth fault with this when phase voltage homophase and capacitance current are greater than preset value mutually and take place.This method can be played a role.But maximum problem is this method to be based upon singlephase earth fault and to occur in the phase voltage peak value constantly, at this moment can compare phase place.Yet most singlephase earth faults occur in the position of non-crest or even waveform pass zero point, and just can't detect and judged earth fault this moment, referring to Fig. 1.
Second class methods are the quintuple harmonics method.These class methods quintuple harmonics can occur and utilize when quintuple harmonics being judged to be the earth fault generation during greater than preset value when utilizing circuit generation singlephase earth fault.This method is unreliable, because line load is various, under normal circumstances, comprises the situation of quintuple harmonics with regard to there being a large amount of harmonic components.If the fluctuation of electrical network causes 5 subharmonic to surpass preset value, the situation that will occur reporting by mistake; Perhaps line construction is simple, and the quintuple harmonics during ground connection is very little, and just can't detect quintuple harmonics this moment.
The 3rd class methods detect transient current exactly.Though transient current is apparent in view,, and be a quick attenuation process because the duration of transient state amount is very short; Less than 1/4th of power frequency cycle, checkout equipment obviously can't accurately detect the instant value of transient state amount, therefore also just can't accurately detect transient state amount size; Line load is ever-changing still more; The unexpected fluctuation of load, variation all might cause circuit frequency of occurrences scope and the overlapping signal of transient current frequency range, erroneous judgement at this moment will occur, referring to Fig. 2.
Therefore, three types of earth-fault detecting methods all can't the reliable detection singlephase earth fault more than.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model provides and a kind ofly receives electric line operational management, geographical environment, load fluctuation, climate change etc. to influence earth-fault detecting method smaller, reliable operation.
For this reason, the utility model provides a kind of checkout equipment of electric line fault.This equipment comprises: circuit transient current mutation rate testing circuit, line current is carried out bandpass filtering, and obtain the mutation rate information of circuit transient current and outlet line transient current; Line voltage distribution field coupled circuit detects electric line voltage; Microcontroller circuit, configuration is used for: judge the mutation rate of circuit transient current, Δ I
p/ Δ t＞R
hJudge that line voltage distribution reduces V＜V
hWhen two conditions all satisfy, judge short circuit earth fault.
Wherein, Δ I
pBe the positive transition value of transient current, Δ t is the time of transient state amount sudden change, R
hBe the effective threshold values of presetting of judgement transient current mutation rate, V
hIt is the threshold values that the judgement voltage preset descends.
Optional is, with transient circuit sudden change amount Δ I
p＞I
hReplace Δ I
p/ Δ t＞R
hAs the detection of singlephase earth fault according to one of, I wherein
hIt is the transient state amount sudden change threshold values of presetting.
Fault test set according to the utility model the mistake alarm can not occur or leak the alarm phenomenon, can satisfy requirements of different users, is suitable for large-scale production.
Description of drawings
Below with reference to accompanying drawings the specific embodiments of the utility model is explained in more detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 detects the synoptic diagram of singlephase earth fault for adopting first half-wave method;
Fig. 2 detects the synoptic diagram of singlephase earth fault for adopting transient current value detection method;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the method detection of ground faults of employing the utility model transient current root-mean-square value positive transition;
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of the utility model line voltage distribution V field coupled circuit;
Fig. 5 is the schematic block circuit diagram that detects the checkout equipment of singlephase earth fault;
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram of line current tracking and conversion circuit and circuit transient current mutation rate testing circuit;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of line voltage distribution V field coupled circuit;
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of microcontroller circuit;
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram of warning circuit.
Embodiment
During neutral point isolated neutral system generation singlephase earth fault, an essential characteristic of circuit is exactly moment to occur the transient current positive transition, and the ground connection phase voltage descends.Because the sudden change characteristic of transient current is apparent in view, the utility model utilizes the generation of this characteristic reliable detection singlephase earth fault.
The utility model provides a kind of detection method of singlephase earth fault to be:
(1) mutation rate of detection line transient current, Δ I
p/ Δ t＞R
h
(2) detection line voltage reduces, V＜V
h
Wherein, Δ I
pBe the sudden change value of transient current, Δ t is a transient state amount bound-time constant, R
hBe the effective threshold values of presetting of judgement transient current mutation rate, V
hIt is the threshold values that the judgement voltage preset descends.
Wherein, also available transient circuit sudden change amount Δ I
p＞I
hReplace Δ I
p/ Δ t＞R
hAs the detection of singlephase earth fault according to one of, I wherein
hIt is the transient state amount sudden change threshold values of presetting.
The single-phase earth fault detecting method of the utility model can overcome the defective of first half-wave method, quintuple harmonics method, transient state amount method.First half-wave method can't be differentiated the initial time of earth fault but suppose that artificially earth fault occurs in the line voltage distribution peak value constantly, and this is a wrong differentiation, does not meet the essential characteristic of singlephase earth fault; The quintuple harmonics method can't accurately detect because of the existence of circuit undesired signal; Because the circuit transient state amount duration is very short and decay is very fast, can't effectively detect; And first half-wave method, quintuple harmonics method, these three class methods of transient state amount method all when realizing to circuit generation singlephase earth fault line voltage distribution this key character that descends detect, this is another major defect of these methods.And the detection method of the utility model is the mutation rate Δ I of the transient current amount of for example 300Hz to 4000Hz by the mutation rate testing circuit identification circuit electric current medium frequency component of circuit transient current
p/ Δ t＞R
h, and simultaneously by line voltage distribution V field coupled circuit (104) detection line voltage.If the mutation rate Δ I of transient current
p/ Δ t＞R
hAnd line voltage distribution decline V＜V
hThese two conditions satisfy simultaneously, just can reliably, accurately judge line single phase grounding failure.
Therefore, the mistake alarm can not occur or leak the alarm phenomenon, can satisfy requirements of different users, be suitable for large-scale production according to the fault test set of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic that detects electric line primary side voltage.Among the figure, C
rBe the coupling capacitance that forms between checkout equipment shell and circuit 46 position contacting (surface conduction layer) 42 places and the checkout equipment circuit board common port 44.C
pBe the distributed capacitance between checkout equipment common port 44 and the earth 48.Checkout equipment shell and electric line position contacting scribble conductive layer or are equipped with conductive component such as conductive rubber etc.C
rOutput coupled voltages V, the electric line primary voltage equals (1+C
r/ C
p) * V, as long as therefore detect V, just can be through calculating the primary voltage of electric line.
Fig. 5 is the schematic block circuit diagram of checkout equipment of the detection singlephase earth fault of the utility model embodiment.Among the figure, checkout equipment comprises line current tracking and conversion circuit 101, circuit transient current mutation rate testing circuit 103, line voltage distribution field coupled circuit 104, microcontroller circuit 105 and warning circuit 106.
Line current is followed the tracks of and conversion circuit 101 is accomplished electric line primary side actual current induction and conversion.
The real-time follow-up that circuit transient current mutation rate testing circuit 103 is realized line current transient state amount, and the mutation rate information of output transient state amount.Specifically, line current is carried out bandpass filtering, obtain the mutation rate information of circuit transient current and outlet line transient current.
The detection that line voltage distribution V field coupled circuit 104 is accomplished electric line primary side voltage, and the voltage signal after the output coupling.
After warning circuit 106 received the alarm enabling signal of MCU microprocessor output, attitude drove alarm device and realizes mechanical board turning alarm or luminous alarm because of the present circumstance.
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram of line current tracking and conversion circuit and circuit transient current mutation rate testing circuit.
Line current follow the tracks of and conversion circuit 101 in, L1 is the current signal induction pick-up, after diode D1, D2 form the all-wave signal, this signal exports circuit transient current mutation rate testing circuit 103 to induced signal by 1 output.
Certainly, L1 also can not need to carry out rectification through diode, but directly exports original AC signal to circuit transient current mutation rate testing circuit 103.
Circuit transient current mutation rate testing circuit 103 is made up of resistance R 11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R23, R24, capacitor C 4, C5, C6, C10, C11, diode D5, D11, comparison amplifier U2; Wherein R24 is much larger than R23; C11 is a differential capacitance; C11 and R23 form differentiating circuit, realize the detection to mutation rate Δ Ip/ Δ t, time constant Δ t=R23*C11.R11, R12, C4, C5 form the two-stage, high-pass wave filter, and filtering be the low frequency signal below the 300Hz for example from the half-wave AC signal medium frequency of L1, and R13, C6 form LPF, and filtering is the high-frequency signal more than the 4000Hz for example.The signal of after the band-pass filter that R11, R12, R13, C4, C5, C6 form, exporting through the rectifying and wave-filtering of D11, C10 after comparison amplifier U2 with the form output of signal HXH.In fact, because C10 carries out smothing filtering to all frequency ranges for for example each component of current signal of 300Hz to 4000Hz, therefore, in fact the signal at C10 two ends is exactly the root-mean-square value or the effective value of each frequency component of transient current signal.R14, the corresponding preset value R that constitutes of R15 dividing potential drop
hSignal to comparer negative pole.Under the normal condition, since the existence of differential capacitance C11, R23 two ends no signal.When positive transition Δ I appears in the circuit transient current
pThe time, then because the differential action of C11, R23, Δ I
p/ Δ t signal appears at the R23 two ends.If this positive transition Δ I
p/ Δ t signal is greater than the preset value R that is made up of R14, R15 dividing potential drop correspondence
h, then comparer U2 exports high level pulse.
Though what the embodiment here realized is a kind of detection method to the transient current mutation rate; Promptly to the detection of transient current root-mean-square value or effective value mutation rate, thereby also can utilize other method for example to the sudden change amount of the component signal of certain frequency in the transient current or certain band frequency scope or the differentiation that mutation rate detects the earth fault that achieves a butt joint.For example, obtain Δ I
p/ Δ t is because therefore Δ t=R23*C11 calculates Δ I by MCU
p/ Δ t* (R23*C11) can obtain Δ I
pThe sudden change amount.
When adopting transient current sudden change amount, sudden change amount Δ I
p＞I
hCan replace Δ I
p/ Δ t＞R
pAs the detection of singlephase earth fault according to one of, I wherein
hIt is the transient state amount sudden change threshold values of presetting.
Though Fig. 6 combined circuit current tracking and conversion circuit and circuit transient current mutation rate testing circuit explain that in the lump this just starts from clear illustrative purposes, and does not mean that two practical implementation circuit among Fig. 6 must combine.Such as, circuit transient current mutation rate among Fig. 6 or sudden change amount testing circuit 103 can follow the tracks of with the line current of other type and conversion circuit 101 is worked together.
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of line voltage distribution V field coupled circuit.Line voltage distribution V field coupled circuit 104 is made up of diode D7, D8, D9, resistance R 18, capacitor C 9.Coat conductive material on the main body cover surface of checkout equipment with the electric line position contacting and form conductive layer; Perhaps assemble a conductive devices such as conductive rubber and be connected to the anodal tie point with the D8 negative pole of D7, thereby make coupling capacitance C of formation between the public terminal GND of electric line and checkout equipment circuit board through lead-in wire
r, form a distributed capacitance C between circuit board public terminal GND and the earth
p, coupling capacitance and distributed capacitance are formed bleeder circuit (referring to Fig. 4), and the dividing potential drop V of coupling capacitor is inputed to the anodal tie point with the D8 negative pole of D7, through the filtering of the amplitude limit of D7, R18, C9, export with signal VXH.
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of microcontroller circuit.Microcontroller circuit 105 comprises capacitor C 7, C8, resistance R 16, R17, transistor Q2 and microprocessor U3.Microcontroller circuit can be by realizations such as microprocessor, single-chip microcomputers.
When circuit generation singlephase earth fault, moment the frequency of occurrences be the for example positive transition of transient current signal between the 300HZ to 4000HZ, if Δ I
p/ Δ t＞R
h, then circuit transient current mutation rate testing circuit 103 is exported transient current jump signal HXH, and this signal inputs to the pin one 3 of U3, causes that U3 gets into the ground fault interruption handling procedure.Then, U3 detects the line voltage signal V that the C9 two ends input to pin 8 (VXH), through (1+C
r/ C
p) the formula Conversion Calculation of * V goes out the electric line primary voltage, if V＜V
h, be judged to be singlephase earth fault and take place.Preset value V
hRequire to set according to reality by U3.
When checkout equipment judges that singlephase earth fault takes place, in one embodiment, U3 pin one 2 output high level.If daytime, the conducting of Q2 two ends forms low-resistance, and at this moment the pin 5 (DAY) of U3 detects low level signal; If evening, then Q2 is by being high-impedance state, and U3 pin 5 detects high level signal at this moment, the colour of sky state when U3 judges that according to this mode line fault takes place.If then carry out mechanical board turning alarm mode daytime; If then carry out luminous or sounding alarm mode evening.
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram of warning circuit.Warning circuit 106 comprises luminous or phonation circuit 1061 and board turning driving circuit 1062.These 2 circuit can be by the above battery of 3V (can be made up of or a plurality of battery is in series single battery) power supply, and also can form working power through overcommutation, filtering by the L1 induced signal is that warning circuit is supplied power.
Luminous or phonation circuit 1061 comprises resistance R 19, R20, diode D10, D11 and transistor Q3, and D11 is luminescent device or microphone device.
Board turning driving circuit 1062 comprises resistance R 21, R22, triode Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, drive coil L2.Wherein, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7 also can be devices such as relay, FET, controllable silicon; L2 can and have mercy on and join end to end and form by bifilar enameled wire; The built-in permanent magnetic material of coil, so L2 can realize positive and negative rotating magnetic field when the drive current; Wherein L2, Q4, Q5 provide forward field drives current path, and L2, Q6, Q7 provide reversed magnetic field drive current path.When U3 judges circuit generation earth fault; If daytime; Then U3 is through pin 6 output driving pulses; Form forward field drives electric current through R21, Q4, Q5, L2, if this moment, mechanical board was the magnetic permanent magnetic material of diametrical magnetization, then mechanical board rotates to send fault warning information with regard to forward; As U3 when preset reset time, counting finished, driving pulse of pin 7 outputs of U3 forms the reversed magnetic field drive current through R22, Q6, Q7, L2, mechanical board reverse rotation this moment and involution, and this fault warning finishes.
If evening, then U3 pin one 2 output pulse strings drive the lasting recurrent state that Q3 gets into conducting, ends, current impulse driven for emitting lights or sounding that D11 is limited R20 through R19, D10.Luminous or tune can be a kind of in uninterrupted luminous or two kinds of patterns of light period property flicker, just stops luminous or sounding preset reset time when counting finishes up to U3.
The checkout equipment of the utility model can be battery-powered, and logical circuit can be battery-powered, and also can form working power through overcommutation, filtering by the L1 induced signal is the warning circuit power supply.
Obviously, the utility model described here can have many variations, and this variation can not be thought spirit and the scope that departs from the utility model.Therefore, the change that all it will be apparent to those skilled in the art all is included within the covering scope of these claims.
Claims (4)
1. the checkout equipment of an electric line fault comprises:
Circuit transient current mutation rate testing circuit (103) carries out bandpass filtering to line current, obtains the mutation rate information of circuit transient current and outlet line transient current;
Line voltage distribution field coupled circuit (104) detects electric line voltage;
Microcontroller circuit (105), configuration is used for: judge the mutation rate signal of circuit transient current, Δ I
p/ Δ t＞R
hJudge that line voltage distribution reduces V＜V
hWhen two conditions all satisfy, judge short circuit earth fault; Wherein, Δ I
pBe the sudden change value of transient current, Δ t is the mutation time of transient current, R
hBe the effective threshold values of presetting of judgement transient current mutation rate, V
hIt is the threshold values that the judgement voltage preset descends.
2. checkout equipment as claimed in claim 1 is followed the tracks of and conversion circuit (101) comprising line current, and based on the AC signal that line current provides, circuit transient current mutation rate testing circuit obtains the circuit transient current according to AC signal.
3. checkout equipment as claimed in claim 1; Wherein line voltage distribution field coupled circuit comprises coupling capacitance and is formed on a distributed capacitance between circuit board common port and the earth; Wherein coupling capacitance forms conductive layer through coating conductive material on the main body cover surface of checkout equipment with the electric line position contacting; Perhaps assemble a conductive devices; Thereby make to form between the common port of electric line and checkout equipment circuit board, and calculate electric line voltage based on the partial pressure value of coupling capacitance.
4. checkout equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein microcontroller circuit comprises microprocessor or single-chip microcomputer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202644823U CN202166711U (en) | 2011-07-25 | 2011-07-25 | Single-phase grounding fault detecting device of power transmission and distribution line |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202644823U CN202166711U (en) | 2011-07-25 | 2011-07-25 | Single-phase grounding fault detecting device of power transmission and distribution line |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202166711U true CN202166711U (en) | 2012-03-14 |
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ID=45802528
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202644823U Expired - Fee Related CN202166711U (en) | 2011-07-25 | 2011-07-25 | Single-phase grounding fault detecting device of power transmission and distribution line |
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|---|---|
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102288866A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2011-12-21 | 北京瑞科思创科技有限公司 | Method and equipment for detecting single-phase earth fault of transmission and distribution line |
| CN102621451A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 北京水木源华电气有限公司 | Distribution line single-phase grounding fault detecting method and system based on instantaneous signal method |
| CN103149493A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-12 | 福建省电力有限公司 | Electric transmission line one-phase grounding fault type diagnostic method |
| CN107436392A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-05 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | cable single-phase earth fault detecting method and system |
| CN111579919A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-25 | 威胜电气有限公司 | Power distribution network single-phase earth fault detection method and system |
| CN118347546A (en) * | 2024-04-25 | 2024-07-16 | 湖南大学 | Coupling sensing method for micro electric field and sensor |
-
2011
- 2011-07-25 CN CN2011202644823U patent/CN202166711U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102288866A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2011-12-21 | 北京瑞科思创科技有限公司 | Method and equipment for detecting single-phase earth fault of transmission and distribution line |
| CN102288866B (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2014-07-30 | 何晋章 | Method and equipment for detecting single-phase earth fault of transmission and distribution line |
| CN102621451A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 北京水木源华电气有限公司 | Distribution line single-phase grounding fault detecting method and system based on instantaneous signal method |
| CN102621451B (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2016-01-06 | 北京水木源华电气股份有限公司 | Based on the distribution circuit single-phase earth fault detection method of momentary signal method |
| CN103149493A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-12 | 福建省电力有限公司 | Electric transmission line one-phase grounding fault type diagnostic method |
| CN103149493B (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2015-07-01 | 福建省电力有限公司 | Electric transmission line one-phase grounding fault type diagnostic method |
| CN107436392A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-05 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | cable single-phase earth fault detecting method and system |
| CN111579919A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-25 | 威胜电气有限公司 | Power distribution network single-phase earth fault detection method and system |
| CN111579919B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2022-06-10 | 威胜电气有限公司 | Power distribution network single-phase earth fault detection method and system |
| CN118347546A (en) * | 2024-04-25 | 2024-07-16 | 湖南大学 | Coupling sensing method for micro electric field and sensor |
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Owner name: HE JINZHANG Free format text: FORMER OWNER: BEIJING RICOSTRONG TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Effective date: 20140401 |
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Effective date of registration: 20140401 Address after: 100000, Beijing, Xicheng District, 8 Xinjie street, Jin Feng, and business court, block B, room 316, room 3 Patentee after: He Jinzhang Address before: 100095 hot springs, 337 Hot Springs Village, Beijing, Haidian District Patentee before: Beijing Ricostrong Technology Co., Ltd. |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120314 Termination date: 20140725 |
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