CN202157301U - Breakwater - Google Patents
Breakwater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN202157301U CN202157301U CN201120117149XU CN201120117149U CN202157301U CN 202157301 U CN202157301 U CN 202157301U CN 201120117149X U CN201120117149X U CN 201120117149XU CN 201120117149 U CN201120117149 U CN 201120117149U CN 202157301 U CN202157301 U CN 202157301U
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- Prior art keywords
- bank protection
- protection face
- backwater
- domatic
- water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Abstract
The utility model discloses a breakwater which is arranged between the foreshore and the backshore, and the breakwater includes a base bed and a breakwater body, the breakwater body is a slope body piled up by the plied filling materials on the base bed; the breakwater body includes an upperstream slope surface facing the foreshore, a downstream slope surface facing the backshore, and a breakwater top pavement connecting the upper ends of the upperstream slope surface and the downstream slope surface; the upperstream slope surface covers the upperstream protective slope surface and the downstream slope surface covers the downstream protective slope surface. The breakwater provided is characterized in that an empty case having a trapezoidal section is embedded in the breakwater body, and the empty case is arranged along the same center line with the base bed; the breakwater top pavement is an OGFC pavement. Therefore, the breakwater provided effectively reduces the additional stress of the foundation and the general settlement of the foundation, as well as adjusts the uneven settlement; meanwhile, the breakwater provided effectively reduces water flow velocity, increases the friction between the automobiles driving thereon and the pavement, as well as increases the safety.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of novel breakwater structure pattern; Can be widely used in seashore coastal region, area, rivers two sides; Be specially adapted to that wave run-up and wind speed are big, ground is softer, dyke is set up defences, and standard is higher; The perhaps demanding area of areas along the borders natural environment can become the part of urban construction.
Background technology
Along with the progress and the growth in the living standard of science and technology, human research for mole is also constantly being goed deep into.The structure section pattern of at present common mole has following several kinds:
(1) steep wall-breaker takes up an area of less, wave run-up is little than sloping breakwater, crest level is lower, but foundation stress big and concentrate, sedimentation is big, less stable, be prone to cause that levee toe washes away.
(2) sloping breakwater have advantages such as back wave is little, the wave resistance effect better, foundation stress distribution uniform, but occupation of land is many, wave run-up is big, crest level is higher.
(3) composite breakwater is combined by steep wall formula and ramp type, has the advantage of steep wall formula and ramp type simultaneously, but this mole is becoming the wave current disorder of sloping turning point, and structure is prone to go to pot.
In addition, three kinds of common mole all are in order to stop the mole of the function singleness that the stormy waves tide acts on, all can not well to merge with local environment more than.The Along with people's growth in the living standard, increasingly high to the demand of getting close to natural environment.The mole of this simple function can not satisfy the needs of urban construction gradually.
The utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of novel mole to the deficiency of prior art, and it can reduce the ground subsidiary stress effectively, reduces the total settlement and the adjustment differential settlement amount of ground; Can effectively play simultaneously the effect that reduces flow rate of water flow, the frictional force on traveling automobile and road surface increases safety above increasing.
For realizing above technical purpose, the utility model will be taked following technical scheme:
A kind of novel mole, this mole is arranged between foreshore and the back beach, comprises bedding and levee body, and said levee body is the sloping body that dump packing swelled on the bedding; Levee body comprises domatic towards meeting water of foreshore, domatic and levee crown road surface that the domatic upper end that will meet water is connected with the domatic upper end of backwater towards the backwater of back beach; The said domatic covering that the meets water bank protection face that meets water, the domatic backwater bank protection face that then covers of backwater is buried section underground and is trapezoidal empty van in the said levee body, and empty van and the same center line setting of bedding; Said levee crown road surface is the OGFC road surface.
Wave wall is installed towards a side of foreshore in said OGFC road surface.
The said bank protection face that meets water comprises the slope shape that is linked in sequence bank protection face and the plural circular arc bank protection face that meets water that meets water; Said slope shape meets water and between bottom and the foreshore of bank protection face the jackstone bank protection is set, and the meet water top of bank protection face of slope shape then meets water with circular arc and is connected through platform between the bank protection face; Two adjacent circular arcs meet water and then connect through the platform corner between the bank protection face.
Said slope shape meets water and the arc-shaped protrusions body is set on the bank protection face.
Said backwater bank protection face comprises that barricade, backwater slope mask and land side wave arc protective are domatic; The substrate of said barricade is arranged on the bedding; And between the substrate of barricade and the back beach pond is set; The bottom of said backwater slope mask is chosen unrestrained mouth through arc and is connected with the top of barricade, and domatic and backwater platform is connected with the top of backwater slope mask and the domatic bottom of land side wave arc protective is successively through land side circular arc; Said land side waveform bank protection face and be positioned at topmost circular arc both tops of bank protection face that meet water and connect through the levee crown road surface.
On the said backwater platform Recreation area is set, the backwater platform is connected through ladder with the levee crown road surface, and land side wave arc protective is domatic to be made up of the half-wave face.
According to above technical scheme, can realize following beneficial effect:
1, empty van adopts the trapezoidal cross-section structure, can reduce the ground subsidiary stress effectively like this, reduces the total settlement and the adjustment differential settlement amount of ground.
2, the levee crown road surface is the OGFC road surface, and it can play the effect that reduces flow rate of water flow effectively, and the frictional force on traveling automobile and road surface increases safety above increasing.
3, the bank protection face that meets water adopts two circular arcs, monocline slope and two platforms combination; Utilize the meet water energy dissipating effect of bank protection face of the wave effect of choosing, projection body and the slope shape of circular arc; Can reduce climbing and the more unrestrained amount of levee crown of wave effectively; This has more effect than general common mole section, and under same design condition, it can more effectively satisfy the designing requirement under the same terms with lower crest level.
4, the domatic slope different from the past of land side wave arc protective; Be designed to waveform and be flow into the domatic water velocity of backwater for to a certain degree reduction; Reduce that current are domatic to backwater, the washing away of pond and back beach, wash in a pan erosion, this can protect effectively, and sea wall is domatic is not damaged.
Between the substrate of barricade and the back beach pond is set; On the backwater platform Recreation area is set, can be used for installing the usefulness that leisure chaise longue and sunshade (steel frame construction) provide leisure, this mole can become the part of urban landscape construction; Combine together with surrounding environment, have the tourism ornamental value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation in the cross section of the utility model;
Label is explained among Fig. 1: 1, foreshore, 2, the jackstone bank protection, 3, bedding, 4, the levee body filler, 5, the slope shape bank protection face that meets water; 6, the following circular arc bank protection face that meets water, 7, platform, 8, the platform corner, 9, the projection body, 10, empty van; 11, loaded filter, 12, wave wall, 13, go up the circular arc bank protection face that meets water, 14, the levee crown road surface, 15, the Recreation area; 16, arc is chosen unrestrained mouth, and 17, barricade, 19, backwater slope mask, 20, the pond, 21, land side wave arc protective is domatic; 22, back beach, 23, land side circular arc bank protection face, 24, water treatment facilities, 25, the backwater platform.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the enforcement of technical scheme is done further to describe in detail:
As shown in Figure 1, the described a kind of novel mole of the utility model, this mole is arranged between foreshore 1 and the back beach 22; Bedding 3 swells into sloping body through piling up levee body filler 4, buries empty van 10 in the levee body underground; Empty van 10 arranges that with bedding 3 concentricity lines empty van 10 adopts the trapezoidal cross-section structure, does not fill out or fill out less light material in the empty van 10, can reduce the ground subsidiary stress effectively like this, reduces the total settlement and the adjustment differential settlement amount of ground; Levee crown road surface 14 is the OGFC road surface, and it can effectively play the effect that reduces flow rate of water flow, and the frictional force on traveling automobile and road surface increases safety above increasing; The levee crown side that borders on the sea is provided with wave wall 12, and wave wall 12 can reduce the levee body filled height as the ingredient of levee body, saves engineering quantity, reduces the levee body foundation stress; High both sides are low in the middle of the levee crown road surface 14, have certain gradient, and this value of slope is generally between (2%～7%) because levee crown road surface 14 has certain gradient, this make top water can be effectively, flow out from levee crown faster, prevent that current from accumulating in levee crown.
As shown in Figure 1; Slope dignity towards foreshore 1 is domatic for meeting water; Its surface coverage bank protection face that meets water, the bank protection face that meets water comprise slope shape meet water bank protection face 5, meet water bank protection face 6 and go up the circular arc bank protection face 13 that meets water of circular arc down, and the meet water bottom of bank protection face 5 of slope shape originates in bedding 3; And slope shape meets water and between bottom and the foreshore 1 of bank protection face 5 jackstone bank protection 2 is set; The meet water top of bank protection face 5 of slope shape meets water with following circular arc and is connected through platform 7 between the bank protection face 6, and slope shape meets water and projection body 9 is set on the bank protection face 5, and two adjacent circular arcs meet water between the bank protection face through the 8 smooth connections of platform corner; Between armour rock and levee body filler 4, loaded filter 11 is set, can prevents that levee body soil runs off under wave, seepage effect; The bank protection face that meets water adopts two circular arcs, monocline slope and two platform combination; Utilize the meet water energy dissipating effect of bank protection face 5 of the wave effect of choosing, projection body 9 and the slope shape of circular arc; Can reduce climbing and the more unrestrained amount of levee crown of wave effectively; This has more effect than general common mole section, and under same design condition, it can more effectively satisfy the designing requirement under the same terms with lower crest level.
Towards back beach be that backwater is domatic, the surface coverage backwater bank protection face that backwater is domatic; Comprise that barricade 17, arc choose unrestrained mouth 16, backwater slope mask 19, backwater platform 25, land side circular arc bank protection face 23 and land side wave arc protective domatic 21; Backwater is domatic owing to use the pattern of combination, and under same designing requirement condition, it lacks than the land area that general sloping breakwater occupies; The substrate of barricade 17 is arranged on the bedding 3; Both increased whole stability, and can play certain energy dissipating effect again, between the substrate of barricade 17 and the back beach 22 pond 20 had been set; Pond 20 waters are by the treated direct supply of foreshore 1 water; The bottom of backwater slope mask 19 is chosen unrestrained mouth 16 through arc and is connected with the top of barricade 17, and arc is chosen unrestrained mouth 16 and used the treatment measures in the hydraulic engineering, and the current direction of high flow velocities is provoked in the air; Reduce the energy of water body, lower water washing away back beach 22, pond 20; The bottom of land side wave arc protective domatic 21 is successively through land side circular arc bank protection face 23 and backwater platform 7; Be connected with the top of backwater slope mask 19; The slope that land side wave arc protective domatic 21 is different from the past; Be designed to waveform and be flow into the domatic water velocity of backwater for to a certain degree reduction, reduce that current are domatic to backwater, pond 20 and back beach 22 washes away, wash in a pan erosion, this can protect effectively, and sea wall is domatic is not damaged; Recreation area 15 is set on the backwater platform 7, can be used for installing the usefulness that leisure chaise longue and sunshade (steel frame construction) provide leisure, backwater platform 7 and levee crown road surface 14 are connected through ladder; Land side wave arc protective domatic 21 and circular arc meet water bank protection face 13 top between the two through 14 connections of levee crown road surface.
During the described novel mole of design the utility model, at first tentatively draft the each several part physical dimension.Side is provided with wave wall 12 and wall stability, firm because this novel mole levee crown borders on the sea, so can be with wave wall 12 crest levels as crest level during designing and calculating; Wave wall 12 crest levels should exceed design high tide level 0.5H
1%More than (H
1%Be meant that cumulative frequency is 1% wave height); And should exceed design high tide level (1.5～2.0) m, its concrete value should confirm according to wave size and mole grade, unfavorable when wind direction, the sea area is open, when the face that is coated with hangs down; Use higher limit, crest level also should be reserved the sedimentation superelevation; Levee crown width (not comprising wave wall 12) depends primarily on levee body homeostasis, base stabilization, wave resistance antiseepage requirement, construction and emergency flood fighting requirement and traffic requirement etc.; Wave wall 12 highly is generally (0.8～1.2) m; Bottom width (0.8～1.2) m, top width (0.6～1.0) m, the face of heading sea is generally Zhi Liqiang; The back side is generally steep metope; The gradient m=(2～5) of steep metope, wave wall 12 should have the length of embedment that is not less than 0.3m below levee crown, and is linked to be an integral body with levee body; Platform corner 8 crest levels should be taken at above (1.0～2.0) the m place of design high-water; Platform 7 crest levels should be taken at above (1.0～2.0) the m place of ordinary water level, and (2.3～2.9) of the general desirable design wave height of width doubly; The meet water radius of curvature R of bank protection face 13 of last circular arc
1=(0.3～0.6) * L
1, the meet water radius of curvature R of bank protection face 6 of following circular arc
2=(0.3～0.6) * L
1, wherein, L
1Be the slope shape projected length of bank protection face 5 that meet water at horizontal plane; The meet water gradient m=(2～3.5) of bank protection face 5 of slope shape; Jackstone bank protection 2 places the meet water front end of bank protection face 5 of slope shape, and the spats foundation depth should be confirmed the external gradient m=of spats rib (2～3), top width (1～3) m according to beach landform and local wave condition etc.; The meet water radius of curvature R of bank protection face 5 upper process bodies 9 of slope shape
3=(02～0.3) m; Land side wave arc protective domatic 21 is made up of the half-wave face, and the number of half-wave face is individual between (3～7); The radius of curvature R of land side circular arc bank protection face 23
4=(2～3.5) m; The gradient m=(2～4) of backwater slope mask 19.
Tentatively draft the structure size that finishes, carry out the correlation computations of mole then, comprise the stable weight and the armour layer thickness of armour; The antiskid of wave wall 12, stability against overturning; The resistance to overturning of ground and the sedimentation of ground.When the wave wall of this novel mole receives wave action, average intensity of wave pressure
Be calculated as follows:
K in the formula
PBe the average pressure coefficient relevant with Bo Tan, can arrive " design of breakwater and job specfication " Rigen and search according to ε and these two coefficients of Bo Tan and obtain with dimensionless parameter ε; γ is the severe (kN/m of water
3), H
sBe design wave height (m), μ is a reduction coefficient, 0＜μ＜1, and μ generally gets (0.6～0.8); The bank protection face that the meets water armour stable weight of this novel mole is calculated as follows
W is the weight (t) of single armour in the formula, γ
bBe the severe (kN/m of block materials
3), γ is the severe (kN/m of water
3), H
sBe design wave height (m), K
DBe the block coefficient of stability,
Be slope and horizontal plane angle (°), meet water bank protection face 13 and circular arc meets water down that the weight of single block should strengthen (20%～30%) on the bank protection face 6 of last circular arc is confirmed according to model testing in case of necessity; The bank protection face that the meets water stone pitching thickness of this novel mole is calculated as follows
H is a piece stone thickness (m) in the formula, H
jBe to calculate wave height (m), γ
bBe the severe (kN/m of block materials
3), γ is the severe (kN/m of water
3), m is the bank protection face gradient that meets water, K
MdBe with m value and dike before the relevant coefficient of relative water depth d/H value, can arrive " design of breakwater and job specfication " Rigen according to m value and dike before these two coefficients of relative water depth d/H value search and obtain; K
δBe the smooth coefficient of ripple, meet water bank protection face 13 and circular arc meets water down that the stone pitching layer thickness should suitably strengthen (20%～30%) on the bank protection face 6 of last circular arc.
Specific embodiment
Known certain design of breakwater high water mark yet to be built is 4m, ordinary water level 2m, design wave height 2m, design wavelength 20m, H
5%Be 2.5m.
Tentatively drafting the wave wall crest level is 7.5m, and the levee crown width is 8m, wave wall height 0.8m, bottom width 1.2m, top width 1m; The gradient of steep metope is 4, and imbedding the levee crown degree of depth is 0.3m, and platform corner crest level is 5m, and the deck roof elevation is 3m; The meet water gradient of bank protection face of the wide 3m of platform, slope shape is 2, last circular arc meet water the bank protection face and down the meet water radius of curvature of bank protection face of circular arc be 2m, the outer gradient of jackstone bank protection is 2; The meet water radius of curvature of bank protection face upper process body of top width 2m, slope shape is 0.2m, and land side waveform bank protection face is made up of 3 hemidomes, and land side waveform bank protection face is 4m in the horizontal plane projected length; The domatic radius of curvature of land side circular arc is 3m, and the domatic projected length at horizontal plane of land side circular arc is 2m, backwater slope mask the gradient be 2, the end elevation of backwater slope mask is 1m; The wide 3m of backwater platform, backwater deck roof elevation is 2m, the high 1.2m of barricade, wide 0.8m; Empty van top width 8m, bottom width 18m, high 3m, the side slope degree that borders on the sea is 1.5.
1, the armour stable weight is calculated as follows
The severe of block materials is got 24kN/m in the formula
3, the block coefficient of stability gets 4, therefore
W * (120%～130%)=(45～48.75) t.
Meet water bank protection face 26 and circular arc meets water down that the stable weight of single block is (45～48.75) t on the bank protection face 6 of last circular arc.
2, stone pitching thickness is calculated as follows
Calculate wave height in the formula and get 2.5m, the severe of block materials is got 24kN/m
3, the bank protection face that the meets water conversion gradient gets 1.5, K
MdGet 0.311, K
δGet 0.081, therefore
H * (120%～130%)=(1.32～1.43) m.
Meet water bank protection face 26 and circular arc meets water down that the stone pitching layer thickness is enlarged to (1.32～1.43) m on the bank protection face 6 of last circular arc.
3, average intensity of wave pressure
Be calculated as follows:
The average pressure coefficient gets 2.5 in the formula, calculates wave height and gets 2.5m, and the μ reduction coefficient gets 0.8, therefore
4, the foundation stress curve is through calculating
Can know that according to drawing the foundation stress curve map this novel mole ground is little and even.
Claims (6)
1. mole, this mole is arranged between foreshore and the back beach, comprises bedding and levee body, and said levee body is the sloping body that dump packing swelled on the bedding; Levee body comprises domatic towards meeting water of foreshore, domatic and levee crown road surface that the domatic upper end that will meet water is connected with the domatic upper end of backwater towards the backwater of back beach; The said domatic covering that the meets water bank protection face that meets water, the domatic backwater bank protection face that then covers of backwater is characterized in that: buries section in the said levee body underground and is trapezoidal empty van, and empty van and the same center line setting of bedding; Said levee crown road surface is the OGFC road surface.
2. according to the said mole of claim 1, it is characterized in that: wave wall is installed towards a side of foreshore in said OGFC road surface.
3. according to the said mole of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the said bank protection face that meets water comprises the slope shape that is linked in sequence bank protection face and the plural circular arc bank protection face that meets water that meets water; Said slope shape meets water and between bottom and the foreshore of bank protection face the jackstone bank protection is set, and the meet water top of bank protection face of slope shape then meets water with circular arc and is connected through platform between the bank protection face; Two adjacent circular arcs meet water and then connect through the platform corner between the bank protection face.
4. according to the said mole of claim 3, it is characterized in that: said slope shape meets water and the arc-shaped protrusions body is set on the bank protection face.
5. according to the said mole of claim 3; It is characterized in that: said backwater bank protection face comprises that barricade, backwater slope mask and land side wave arc protective are domatic; The substrate of said barricade is arranged on the bedding; And between the substrate of barricade and the back beach pond is set; The bottom of said backwater slope mask is chosen unrestrained mouth through arc and is connected with the top of barricade, and domatic and backwater platform is connected with the top of backwater slope mask and the domatic bottom of land side wave arc protective is successively through land side circular arc; Said land side waveform bank protection face and be positioned at topmost circular arc both tops of bank protection face that meet water and connect through the levee crown road surface.
6. according to the said mole of claim 5, it is characterized in that: on the said backwater platform Recreation area is set, the backwater platform is connected through ladder with the levee crown road surface, and land side wave arc protective is domatic to be made up of the half-wave face.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201120117149XU CN202157301U (en) | 2011-04-20 | 2011-04-20 | Breakwater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201120117149XU CN202157301U (en) | 2011-04-20 | 2011-04-20 | Breakwater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202157301U true CN202157301U (en) | 2012-03-07 |
Family
ID=45764943
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201120117149XU Expired - Fee Related CN202157301U (en) | 2011-04-20 | 2011-04-20 | Breakwater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN202157301U (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108755577A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-06 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of vertical breakwater shield base based on the grouting of localized mass stone |
| CN109056629A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-21 | 浙江大学 | A kind of fixed flexible water bladder breakwater structure flume experiment device in bottom surface |
| CN109338988A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-15 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Unilateral aileron formula ecotype groynes |
| CN112681220A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-04-20 | 福州大学 | Mangrove forest ecological breakwater with stepped drop energy dissipation and working method thereof |
-
2011
- 2011-04-20 CN CN201120117149XU patent/CN202157301U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108755577A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-06 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of vertical breakwater shield base based on the grouting of localized mass stone |
| CN109056629A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-21 | 浙江大学 | A kind of fixed flexible water bladder breakwater structure flume experiment device in bottom surface |
| CN109338988A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-15 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Unilateral aileron formula ecotype groynes |
| CN109338988B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2024-01-23 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Single-side wing wall type ecological type spur dike |
| CN112681220A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-04-20 | 福州大学 | Mangrove forest ecological breakwater with stepped drop energy dissipation and working method thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120307 Termination date: 20140420 |