CN202150089U

CN202150089U - Braille converter

Info

Publication number: CN202150089U
Application number: CN201120253803U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钱跃良; 赵希君; 王向东; 张博宁; 王超
Original assignee: Institute of Computing Technology of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Computing Technology of CAS
Priority date: 2011-07-18
Filing date: 2011-07-18
Publication date: 2012-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 2021-07-18

Abstract

The utility model provides a braille converter, comprising a braille pen, a braille array unit, an ARM microprocessor unit, a USB 2.0 HUB controller, a keyboard character key device and a keyboard encoding chip. The braille array unit is connected with the ARM microprocessor unit, the ARM microprocessor unit is connected bidirectionally with the USB 2.0 HUB controller, the keyboard character key device is connected bidirectionally with the keyboard encoding chip. The keyboard encoding chip is connected bidirectionally with the USB 2.0 HUB controller through USB and the USB 2.0 HUB controller is further connected with a computer USB device port. According to the utility model, braille can be input by braille input manner and the braille converter is compatible with current braille application software and has strong universality, low cost and high efficiency. The braille converter is plug-and-play without installing drives, is simple to operate and convenient for blind people to use.

Description

A kind of Braille conversion equipment

Technical field

The utility model relates to the computer input technology field, particularly relates to a kind of Braille conversion equipment.

Background technology

The braille scheme that China generally adopts at present mainly contains two kinds, and a kind of is the braille scheme of nineteen fifty-three being issued and being carried out in the whole nation by the Ministry of Education, is called for short " prevailing mandarin braille ", and this scheme has 21 initial consonants, 34 simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, circumflex and punctuation marks.It is a standard with Beijing voice, is the basis with the mandarin, is unit with the speech, adopts the word link writing rule.Another kind of braille scheme is the braille reform scheme by the tentative popularization of State Language Work Committee's agreement in 1988; Be called for short " Chinese double-spelling braille "; This scheme can be represented Chinese sound, rhyme, tone three elements in the blind symbol of two sides; Whole system comprises: alphabet, punctuation mark, agreement differential method, write a Chinese character in simplified form method, subsonics character-determining method etc., also adopt the word link writing rule simultaneously.

No matter adopt any braille scheme, they all are to be basic structure with " blind symbol ", arrange by the rule of encoding scheme.Blind symbol is made up of six some positions

, and a blind symbol also is called for short one " side ".Through having a few on six some positions and not having and a little carry out permutation and combination, just can express corresponding code.

Braille is a kind of alphabetic writing in essence, and is similar with the Chinese phonetic alphabet, and it is regular different that difference is that word link writing and mark are transferred.

Writing and reading of braille is more special, and writing of braille is on thicker paper, to realize through punching (braille).During braille, earlier paper clamp at up and down between two layers of a character matrix plate, then under the guiding of a character matrix plate, according to the braille encoding scheme, use braille pen punch from right to left (braille); During reading, then turn over the paper that has through hole, read with the salient point that hand touches on the paper from left to right.

Along with improving constantly of China's level of IT application, computing machine also is used widely in people's work, studying and living.But the I/O mode of nearly all information products, particularly computing machine all is to design to the ordinary people at present, does not consider physical disabilities' application demand, and the blind person can't enjoy the facility that infotech is brought as the normal person.The present situation of information products has caused the telecoms gap between blind person and the normal person constantly to enlarge, and makes the survival and development ability of blind person in informationized society receive further restriction, can't really be dissolved in the normal social life.

In order to solve the problem that the blind person imports Chinese character on computers, relevant both at home and abroad manufacturer has released some Related products.Conclude and get up to mainly contain three types:

The first kind is Chinese character input method input Chinese character or the braille that utilizes on the common computer.

The spelling input method (like search dog input method, QQ input method, Google's input method, Microsoft's spelling input method etc.) that some blind person adopts the ordinary people to use is directly imported Chinese character.The blind person uses input method software to cooperate and reads to shield software, as sunlight read the screen, the Yongde read the screen etc., when needing word selection (speech), obtain word selection (speech) information through the word of reading to shield on the bright reading screen of software (speech).

Obviously, this input method uses the comparison difficulty to the blind person.

Second class methods are to utilize QWERTY keyboard to define again.Concrete mode is: on QWERTY keyboard, with S, D, F, J, K, these 6 keys of L, be defined as corresponding to six points of braille position, operate with two hands, each three point about three corresponding blind symbols of finger difference of right-hand man.A collection of braille such as " sunlight " commonly used at present system can support this braille input mode based on keyboard; In this braille input mode based on keyboard; Its 6 keys are corresponding with 6 points of blind symbol, and the blind person need not spend the too many time to learn phonetic comparatively speaking, but because operation the time often needs several fingers head button simultaneously; Therefore, on top of this braille input mode still needs the suitable time.

The 3rd type is the special-purpose input equipment of braille.By the patent of invention " a kind of Braille computer pointing words input system and method " (200810116177.2) that the utility model applicant proposes, belong to this type exactly.This invention application discloses a kind of Braille computer pointing words input system and device and method.This system comprises writing board for computer, and computing machine also comprises Braille input guide plate, braille pen, and Braille processing module; The size of writing the zone of said Braille input guide plate and said writing board for computer is consistent, is installed in the writing surface of handwriting pad; Said writing board for computer is connected with said computing machine through interface; Said Braille processing module is used for when the user utilizes said braille pen on said Braille input guide plate, to carry out braille, the braille input signal from handwriting pad being handled, and being converted to literal.These class methods are carried out the conversion of braille to Chinese character by the software of installing on computers.This method can be well and existing Braille input mode coupling, yet it can not be well and a collection of existing braille system compatibles such as " sunlight ", often need extra on computers install driver, so versatility is not high.

Therefore, current pressing for a kind ofly both was complementary with existing Braille input mode, again can with existing spelling input method and the compatible Braille conversion equipment of braille application software (like " sunlight " braille system).

The utility model content

The purpose of the utility model provides and a kind ofly both was complementary with existing Braille input mode, again can with existing spelling input method and the compatible Braille conversion equipment of braille application software (like " sunlight " braille system).

For realizing above-mentioned utility model purpose, the utility model provides a kind of Braille conversion equipment, comprising: braille pen, Braille array element, ARM microprocessor unit, USB2.0 HUB controller, keypad character key device and keyboard coding chip; Wherein, The Braille array is connected with the ARM microprocessor unit; The ARM microprocessor unit is through USB device and two-way connection of USB2.0 HUB controller; The keypad character key device is connected with the keyboard coding chip is two-way, and the keyboard coding chip is through USB and two-way connection of USB2.0 HUB controller, and USB2.0 HUB controller also is used to connect computing machine USB device port.

Wherein, said Braille array element comprises Braille array and blind spot array input Acquisition Circuit.

Wherein, said ARM microprocessor unit comprises ARM microprocessor and peripheral circuit.

Wherein, said ARM microprocessor unit comprises ARM microprocessor chip and the reset circuit, jtag circuit, ISP circuit and the mode selection switch that are connected with said ARM microprocessor chip respectively.

Wherein, said keypad character key device comprises: corresponding 6 buttons, F function key, directionkeys, Backspace, space bar, Ctrl, Alt and the enter key of blind symbol.

Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following technique effect:

1, can import braille with the mode of braille input, and can be compatible with existing braille application software and spelling input method commonly used, highly versatile.

2, low cost, low-power consumption, efficient height.

3, plug and play need not installing drive, and is simple to operate, makes things convenient for the blind person to use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the Braille conversion equipment of an embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of the Braille conversion equipment of another embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 3 shows the synoptic diagram of the corresponding relation of blind spot and button among embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 4 shows the basic procedure of blind spot analysis protocol among embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 5 shows the protocol processes flow process under the Braille input pattern among embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 6 shows the protocol processes flow process under the phonetic input pattern among embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 7 shows the example of a blind symbol point position and the corresponding relation of pinyin character.

Embodiment

Below, in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is elaborated.

An embodiment according to the utility model; A kind of Braille conversion equipment is provided; As shown in Figure 1, this device comprises: braille pen, Braille array element, ARM microprocessor unit (comprising ARM microprocessor and peripheral circuit thereof), USB2.0 HUB controller (USB2.0 HUB), keypad character key device, keyboard coding chip.Wherein, braille pen and Braille array element are complementary.The Braille array is connected with the ARM microprocessor unit, and the ARM microprocessor unit is through USB device (USB 2.0 device) and two-way connection of USB2.0 HUB controller.The keypad character key device is connected with the keyboard coding chip is two-way, and the keyboard coding chip is connected with the USB2.0HUB controller is two-way through USB.USB2.0 HUB controller is used to connect computing machine USB device port.Specifically introduce each ingredient of the utility model below in conjunction with Fig. 2 and a plurality of embodiment.

One, ARM microprocessor unit

As shown in Figure 2, the ARM microprocessor unit comprises ARM microprocessor and peripheral circuit.In a preferred embodiment, the ARM microprocessor unit comprises the ARM microprocessor chip, reset circuit, jtag circuit, ISP circuit, and mode selection switch.ARM LPC17xx chip be the ARM microprocessor unit master chip, its peripheral circuit also has basic circuits such as reset circuit, ISP circuit, jtag circuit, also has subsequent use Peripheral Interfaces such as UART simultaneously, convenient debugging with function expansion upgrade.The ARM microprocessor unit is used for emulation usb protocol and blind spot analysis protocol, and these agreements will be described in more detail below.

Two, braille pen and Braille array element

In a preferred embodiment, the Braille array element comprises Braille array and blind spot array input Acquisition Circuit.

Wherein, the multiplexing blind spot of Braille array.Particularly, adopt 4 multiplexing modes of blind symbol to expand and gather the blind spot input, practiced thrift hardware resource.(blind spot of 4 the blind symbols of being separated by is shared identical signal end: be connected to certain data input pin of same Acquisition Circuit like i blind spot of i blind spot of first blind symbol and the 5th blind symbol, i blind spot of second blind symbol and i blind spot of the 6th blind symbol be connected to same Acquisition Circuit certain data input pin and the like to other blind spots).Wherein, i=1,2,3,4,5,6.

Said blind spot array input Acquisition Circuit is the array that 4 Schmidt triggers are formed, and in this array, blind spot can be removed shake through the Schmidt trigger collection, prevents erroneous judgement, improves designed reliability.

Said Schmidt trigger array is connected with ARM LPC17xx chip through the GPIO bus.Use ARM GPIO at a high speed to gather and improved real-time.

Said braille pen is used for the braille input, clicks the corresponding blind spot data of some position input in " side " through braille pen.In a preferred embodiment, can adopt braille pen disclosed in the CN200810116177.2 and Braille array.

Three, keyboard coding chip

In a preferred embodiment, the keyboard coding chip adopts the QWERTY keyboard coding IC chip of USB interface, and its function comprises: can be used for Windows 95/98/NT/2000/XP; Support 101/102/104/105/107/109 key; Support USB and PS/2 interface, and can judge automatically that USB interface still is the PS/2 interface; Support keypad and internet/MultiMedia Keyboard; Support standard usb protocol, standard USB interface, electrical specification meet the USB standard.

The keyboard coding chip is used to produce the stand-alone keypad sign indicating number.The stand-alone keypad sign indicating number is used for the operating key that provides some input systems to use to computing machine.

Four, keypad character key device

In a preferred embodiment; The main layout of keypad character key device corresponding 6 buttons (F/D/S/J/K/L) of blind symbol, F function key, directionkeys (← ↑ → ↓), backspace key, space bar, ctrl key, alt key, enter key etc., also have keys such as Num Lock LED, Caps Lock LED, Scroll Lock LED simultaneously.

Five, USB2.0 HUB controller

USB2.0 HUB controller is used to expand USB device interface, and the ARM microprocessor unit is connected with USB2.0 HUB controller through USB device interface.USB2.0 HUB controller also is connected with the keyboard coding chip through USB interface, is connected with host computer (like computing machine) through USB interface.In the present embodiment, keyboard coding chip and ARM microprocessor unit all are used to simulate the HID keyboard, and USB2.0 HUB controller then inserts host computer with these two simulation HID keyboards.The HID keyboard equipment is meant and meets the HID type that defines in the USB standard and the keyboard equipment of HID agreement.HID is that the English of human interface device (Human Interface Device) is called for short, and is a kind of device type that defines in the USB standard, mainly comprises human interface devices such as keyboard, mouse, handwriting pad.USB2.0 HUB controller expands to 4 interfaces with a USB 2.0 device interfaces.

Six, power circuit

In a preferred embodiment, said Braille conversion equipment also comprises power circuit, and this power circuit comprises a low pressure difference linear voltage regulator (LDO), and LDO connects computing machine through USB 2.0 Port.The LDO chip is reduced to computing machine USB+5V power supply+3.3V supply ARM master chip and other circuit powers.

In a preferred embodiment, realize USB HID keyboard agreement and blind spot analysis protocol in the ARM microprocessor unit.

USB HID keyboard agreement is to be HID keyboard equipment through define equipment descriptor, configuration descriptor, interface descriptor, endpoint descriptor, hid descriptor, report descriptor etc. with USB device emulation with the USB2.0 device interface of ARM chip according to the HID quasi-protocol of standard, thereby realizes not having the design of driving.Fig. 4 shows the basic procedure of blind spot analysis protocol.

Further, the blind spot analysis protocol has defined two patterns, and the ARM master chip is according to the setting of mode selection switch, and the program of corresponding modes is handled in corresponding execution.

Pattern one is the Braille input pattern.In the pattern one; The one-to-one relationship (referring to Fig. 3) that defines blind spot and S in the blind symbol

, D, F, J, K, these 6 keys of L resolves to corresponding key with blind spot; Send corresponding keyboard code value (referring to table 1, this table has provided USB HID keyboard input report data pack arrangement) through the usb protocol packet.In processing procedure, the some position corresponding characters that braille pen is clicked is filled corresponding keyboard code value data at the byte location of HID report data bag, and the byte location of the some position correspondence of not clicking is padding data " 0x00 " then.The agreement flow process is referring to Fig. 5.

Table 1

Pattern two is phonetic input patterns.The blind spot value of a blind symbol that collects is corresponding pinyin character according to the braille standard handovers, and the keyboard code value that pinyin character is corresponding is put into USB HID keyboard input report data bag.According to the corresponding relation of blind symbol and pinyin character, the corresponding scale-of-two in 6 some positions of blind symbol has 64 kinds of combinations, and each makes up a pinyin character; Or initial consonant; Or simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, or punctuation mark, or numeral; Analysis protocol converts corresponding pinyin character into according to the blind symbol numerical value that collects, converts pinyin character into corresponding keyboard code value again and is filled in the USB HID input report data bag and handles.Need to prove certain some bit pattern meeting at same blind symbol for two or above character, such as digit, alphabet size write, punctuation mark etc., all be the data that need confirm a last blind symbol according to the some bit pattern of the blind symbol of the next one.In the agreement point bit pattern that ambiguity is arranged is defined many " side " character and handled sub-protocol.Phonetic input pattern protocol processes flow process is referring to Fig. 6.

Pattern one function of blind spot analysis protocol comprises:

Each blind spot in the blind symbol is resolved the corresponding keyboard (corresponding relation is seen accompanying drawing 3) in position;

Single " side " input is handled: support blind spot to import continuously, will send the blind spot data of last " side " when importing next " side " automatically;

Support to jump " side " mode and import, and in the end add space bar, meet the use of blind-Han converting input method;

Self-defined transmission button and space button, multi-functional cooperation makes things convenient for the blind person to use;

The pattern two of blind spot analysis protocol (phonetic input pattern) function comprises:

The input key assignments of blind symbol is handled, and disambiguation automatically promptly when blind symbol corresponding a plurality of phonetics of importing of possibility or punctuate, is waited for follow-up input, when the blind symbol string of forming does not have ambiguity, just changes and send keypad code;

Many " side " handles, and the some bit pattern that ambiguity is arranged is handled automatically;

Support numeral, punctuation mark input etc., support input continuously;

The transmission button of multiplexer mode one and space button;

Support function key, Macintosh etc.;

For the input method according to pattern two, illustrate as follows: braille pen is pricked 2,3,5 positions in the blind symbol, and the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable " ao " in the then corresponding pinyin character is as shown in Figure 7.Code value " 0x04 ", " 0x12 " of " a ", " o " correspondence put into the byte location of USB HID keyboard input report data bag correspondence according to the QWERTY keyboard code value; Fill in proper order from byte " Keycode 1 " beginning, fill " 0x00 " without byte location.

HID input is reported in the same packet can 6 button code values of disposable transmission; This and 6 blind spot characters of blind symbol just in time coincide; This is also for realizing that sending blind symbol continuously provides the agreement support, the input timing requirement of blind-Han input method that what is more important also meets.When blind spot was imported, the keyboard code value that blind spot is corresponding can be filled into corresponding byte location in the input report data bag, and interrupted sending to main frame or host computer through USB, and man-machine interface will be shown as corresponding characters.

What should explain at last is; Above embodiment only in order to the explanation the utility model technical scheme but not to its restriction; And on using, can extend to other modification, variation, application and embodiment, think that simultaneously all such modifications, variation, application, embodiment are in the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. a Braille conversion equipment is characterized in that, this Braille conversion equipment comprises: braille pen, Braille array element, ARM microprocessor unit, USB2.0 HUB controller, keypad character key device and keyboard coding chip; Wherein, The Braille array is connected with the ARM microprocessor unit; The ARM microprocessor unit is through USB device and two-way connection of USB2.0 HUB controller; The keypad character key device is connected with the keyboard coding chip is two-way, and the keyboard coding chip is through USB and two-way connection of USB2.0 HUB controller, and USB2.0 HUB controller also is used to connect computing machine USB device port.

2. Braille conversion equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said Braille array element comprises Braille array and blind spot array input Acquisition Circuit.

3. Braille conversion equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said ARM microprocessor unit comprises ARM microprocessor and peripheral circuit.

4. Braille conversion equipment according to claim 1; It is characterized in that said ARM microprocessor unit comprises ARM microprocessor chip and the reset circuit, jtag circuit, ISP circuit and the mode selection switch that are connected with said ARM microprocessor chip respectively.

5. Braille conversion equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said keypad character key device comprises: 6 corresponding buttons of blind symbol.

6. Braille conversion equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said keypad character key device also comprises: F function key, directionkeys, Backspace, space bar, Ctrl, Alt key and enter key.