CN202121508U - Self-excited miniwatt switch power supply - Google Patents
Self-excited miniwatt switch power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN202121508U CN202121508U CN2011202487930U CN201120248793U CN202121508U CN 202121508 U CN202121508 U CN 202121508U CN 2011202487930 U CN2011202487930 U CN 2011202487930U CN 201120248793 U CN201120248793 U CN 201120248793U CN 202121508 U CN202121508 U CN 202121508U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The utility model provides a self-excited miniwatt switch power supply, comprising a low-frequency AC rectification circuit, a switch tube voltage peak absorption circuit, a transformer, a switch control tube, a power switch tube, a switch tube starting and self-excited oscillation generation circuit, an output voltage regulating circuit, an output current adjusting circuit and an output rectification filtering circuit. A self-excited oscillation switch power supply equipped with an optical coupler needs to satisfy that energy efficiency is good and output current is limited in a standard scope. A self-excited oscillation switch power supply with no optical coupler needs to satisfy that energy efficiency is good and regulation rates of output voltage and output current are strong, and has to avoid the contradiction of reduced standby power consumption and raised output ripple voltage.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Switching Power Supply, particularly a kind of auto-excitation type small-power switching power-supply.
Background technology
In small-power switching power-supply, especially charger below ten watts and adaptor power supplies much are to adopt RCC (Ringing Choke Converter, oscillator coil converter) circuit arrangement to realize on market.Because sort circuit is simple in structure, stable performance, low cost, component purchase is convenient, all the time by extensive employing.But under the overall situation of current pursuit environmental protection; Efficiency is higher and the appearance of the industry standard of power supply both at home and abroad that stand-by power consumption is lower along with requiring; In the exploitation of new product; Traditional RCC circuit or can not satisfy stand-by power consumption and efficiency requires (being primarily aimed at the closed loop circuit structure of band optocoupler at inferior limit regulation voltage and electric current), or just can not satisfy electric current and voltage and adjust required precision (being primarily aimed at the open loop circuit structure of not being with optocoupler and exporting in elementary adjusting).The application under new power standard of RCC circuit is restricted day by day.Thereby power supply manufacturer turns to utilization IC (integrated circuit) controlling schemes basically in the small-power power product design.
The IC solution relatively generally RCC circuit element with the optocoupler feedback is few; Efficient is high, and stand-by power consumption can be done lowlyer (what have can reach 30mW), and noise is little; IC inside can integrated kinds of protect function, and can let product accomplish that volume is littler through the IC that selects high frequency of operation; Relatively not with the RCC circuit of optocoupler, it is advantage aspect voltage regulation and the electric current restriction obviously (generally voltage can be accomplished ± 5% precision).
But Application of I C scheme also has its disadvantageous one side, and the most outstanding is that IC scheme cost is generally higher; Different electrical power IC supplier's product can not be compatible on the market, and one uses, and will follow the whole life of product as irreplaceable material, increased the quality risk, the space that has reduced cost after also having reduced simultaneously; And the small-power power control IC that has also weeding out the old and bring forth the new, and is left to be desired.
The utility model content
The utility model technical problem to be solved provides a kind of ability and adapts to current small-power switching power-supply to efficiency, stand-by power consumption and the requirement of output voltage current regulation, lower cost.
The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopted: a kind of auto-excitation type small-power switching power-supply is provided; It comprises: low-frequency ac rectification circuit, switch tube voltage spike absorb circuit, transformer T1, switch control valve Q1, power switch pipe Q2, switching tube starting and self-oscillation generative circuit, output voltage adjustment circuit, output current adjustment circuit and output rectifier and filter; Switching tube starting and self-oscillation generative circuit comprise diode D8, resistance R 13; Output voltage adjustment circuit comprises voltage-stabiliser tube Z2, Z21; Resistance R 21; Output current adjustment circuit comprises resistance R 10, diode D7, capacitor C 7; Capacitor C 7 links to each other with the base stage of switch control valve Q1 with a resistance R 6 series connection back, and diode D8 is with parallelly connected with a resistance R 5 again after resistance R 13 is connected, resistance R 10 with after a resistance R 9 is connected again and diode D7 be connected in parallel between the emitter or source electrode and ground of power switch pipe Q2; Voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 is connected between the node and a capacitor C 5 between two resistance R 3, the R4, is attempted by output after resistance R 21 and the voltage-stabiliser tube Z21 series connection.
The utility model solves another technical scheme that its technical problem adopted: a kind of auto-excitation type small-power switching power-supply is provided; Comprise: low-frequency ac rectification circuit, switch tube voltage spike absorb circuit, transformer T1, switch control valve Q1, power switch pipe Q2, switching tube starting and self-oscillation generative circuit, output voltage adjustment circuit, output current adjustment circuit and output rectifier and filter; Output current adjustment circuit comprises capacitor C 7, resistance R 10 and diode D7; Capacitor C 7 and the base stage that is connected to switch control valve Q1 after a resistance R 6 is connected, resistance R 10 with after a resistance R 9 is connected again and diode D7 be connected in parallel between the emitter or source electrode and ground of power switch pipe Q2.
Further, the auto-excitation type small-power switching power-supply also comprises an output over-voltage protection circuit, and said output over-voltage protection circuit comprises the W2 that is connected transformer T1 and the voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 between the electric capacity R7, and the voltage-stabiliser tube Z21 that is connected output.
Further, output voltage adjustment circuit comprises an optocoupler IC1 and the voltage adjuster IC2 that links to each other with optocoupler IC1.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is: through the improvement to existing RCC circuit, both kept its intrinsic advantage (cost is low etc.), and overcome its original some shortcomings again.For the self-oscillation Switching Power Supply of band optocoupler, satisfy efficiency and the requirement of restriction output current in critical field simultaneously; For not with the self-oscillation Switching Power Supply of optocoupler, satisfy the better and strong requirement of output voltage current regulation of efficient simultaneously, and avoided reducing stand-by power consumption and the contradiction that causes output ripple voltage to rise.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of the self-oscillation Switching Power Supply of the utility model employing.
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of the self-oscillation Switching Power Supply of the band optocoupler of the utility model employing.
The output voltage current curve diagram when 90Vac imports that Fig. 3 is testing on the printed circuit board (PCB) for the 5V/0.6A charger of accomplishing with Fig. 1 circuit.
The output voltage current curve diagram when 264Vac imports that Fig. 4 is testing on the printed circuit board (PCB) for the 5V/0.6A charger of accomplishing with Fig. 1 circuit.
Embodiment
Please with reference to accompanying drawing 1, the self-oscillation Switching Power Supply comprises: the low-frequency ac rectification circuit, and it comprises insurance resistance FR, kenotron D1, D2, D3, D4, electrochemical capacitor C1, C2, inductance L 1; The switch tube voltage spike absorbs circuit, and it comprises resistance R 12, R11, capacitor C 6, diode D5; HF switch element transformer T1; Switch control valve Q1, (can be pliotron or FET, only be example with the pliotron in the utility model preferred embodiment to power switch pipe Q2; If adopt FET to substitute pliotron; Then only need the emitter of the alternative pliotron of source electrode of FET, the grid of FET substitutes the base stage of pliotron, and the collector electrode that the drain electrode of FET substitutes pliotron gets final product); Switching tube starting and self-oscillation generative circuit, it comprises resistance R 2, R3, R4, R5, R13, capacitor C 3, C5, the W2 winding of diode D6, D8 and HF switch element transformer T1; Output voltage adjustment circuit, it comprises voltage-stabiliser tube Z1, Z2, Z21, resistance R 7, R21, R22; Output current adjustment circuit, it comprises capacitor C 4, C7, resistance R 6, R8, R9, R10, diode D7; Output rectifier and filter, it comprises Schottky tube D21, capacitor C 21, C22.
Capacitor C 7 links to each other with the base stage of switch control valve Q1 with resistance R 6 series connection backs; Diode D8 is with parallelly connected with resistance R 5 again after resistance R 13 is connected; Resistance R 10 with after resistance R 9 is connected again and diode D7 be connected in parallel between the emitter and ground of power switch pipe Q2; Voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 is connected between the node and capacitor C 5 between two resistance R 3, the R4, is attempted by output after resistance R 21 and the voltage-stabiliser tube Z21 series connection.
The main effect of diode D8, resistance R 13 is that the intermittent time of intermittent oscillation is reduced, and makes the POL that intermittent oscillation occurs diminish, thereby reaches the reduction ripple, noise and the effect of raising the efficiency.Voltage-stabiliser tube Z2, Z21, the effect of resistance R 21 is adjustment underloading voltage, stand-by power consumption, ripple and under single failure mode, plays the overvoltage protection effect.The effect of resistance R 10, diode D7, capacitor C 7 is balance high-low pressure over-current protection points, dwindles current-limiting range.
Fig. 1 circuit is used on the 600mA charger for mobile phone and can satisfies following performance requirement through combining the design of transformer:
1). stand-by power consumption and satisfies the efficiency standard of current Energy Star in 150mW.
2). the regulation of output voltage measure on the printed circuit board (PCB) reach ± 4% in.
3). maximum output current is limited in 1.5 times the rated current scope.
4). output ripple voltage is in 200mVp-p.
5). the resonant operation mode, noise is low, and electromagnetic interference is handled easily.
Please with reference to accompanying drawing 2, the self-oscillation Switching Power Supply of band optocoupler comprises: the low-frequency ac rectification circuit, and it comprises insurance resistance FR, kenotron D1, D2, D3, D4, electrochemical capacitor C1, C2, inductance L 1, L2; The switch tube voltage spike absorbs circuit, and it comprises resistance R 12, R11, capacitor C 6, diode D5; HF switch element transformer T1, switch control valve Q1, power switch pipe Q2 (can be pliotron or FET); Switching tube starting and self-oscillation generative circuit, it comprises resistance R 2, R3, R4, R5, capacitor C 3, C5, the W2 winding of diode D6 and HF switch element transformer T1; Output voltage adjustment circuit, it comprises optocoupler IC1, voltage adjuster IC2, capacitor C 23, resistance R 7, resistance R 21-R27; Output current adjustment circuit, it comprises capacitor C 4, C7, resistance R 6, R8, R9, R10, diode D7; Output rectifier and filter, it comprises diode D21, capacitor C 21, C22; The output over-voltage protection circuit, it comprises voltage-stabiliser tube Z1, Z21.
Capacitor C 7 and the base stage that is connected to switch control valve Q1 after resistance R 6 is connected, resistance R 10 with after resistance R 9 is connected again and diode D7 be connected in parallel between the emitter and ground of power switch pipe Q2.Voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 is connected between transformer T1 and the capacitor C 7, and voltage-stabiliser tube Z21 is connected output.Optocoupler IC1 links to each other with voltage adjuster IC2.
The effect of capacitor C 7, resistance R 10 and diode D7 is when making output get into overcurrent protection, voltage fall steepening, thereby under the certain situation of specified output, can reduce maximum output current.Resistance R 21 plays voltage drop on the compensation output line.
Fig. 2 circuit combines design of transformer, is used on the 600mA charger for mobile phone and can satisfies following performance requirement:
1). stand-by power consumption can satisfy the efficiency standard of current Energy Star with common ac line in 30mW.
2). the regulation of output voltage measure on the ac line port reach ± 2% in.
3). maximum output current is limited in 1.5 times the rated current scope.
4). output ripple voltage is in 150mVp-p.
5). the resonant operation mode, noise is low, and electromagnetic interference is handled easily.
The course of work of the utility model self-oscillation Switching Power Supply is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
External communication electricity is earlier through insurance resistance FR, and then through kenotron D1, D2, D3, D4 rectification and electrochemical capacitor C1, C2, the π type filtering that inductance L 1 (in Fig. 2 coilloading L2) is in addition formed becomes level and smooth direct current.One route transformer W1 winding of this direct current arrives the collector electrode of power switch pipe Q2; Article one, branch road comes driving power switching tube Q2 through the base stage that starting resistance R2, R3, R4 arrive power switch pipe Q2, and the voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 of bypass among Fig. 1 has to capacitor C 5 precharge effects.
After the base stage of power switch pipe Q2 and the emitter conducting, the W1 winding of transformer T1 begins to have the emitter of electric current through power switch pipe Q2, because the current break of the W1 winding of transformer T1; Making the W2 winding produce induced voltage is added on the base stage of power switch pipe Q2 through resistance R 5, capacitor C 3; Thereby quickened the conducting of power switch pipe Q2, the electric current of its collector electrode is bigger, forms positive feedback; Power switch pipe Q2 gets into saturation conduction rapidly, transformer T1 stored energy.Schottky tube D21 is because of W3 winding and the oppositely instead not conducting partially of W1 winding of transformer T1.
At this moment resistance R 9, the last voltage of R10 begin linear increasing (diode D7 only play clamping action when low input; Can share the electric current on a part of resistance R 8; Be unlikely to get into the overcurrent protection stage too early; Make itself and the over-current protection point when high input voltage more approaching) and give capacitor C 4 chargings through resistance R 8; Simultaneously the W2 winding voltage of transformer T1 also charges for capacitor C 4 through resistance R 6, capacitor C 7 (influence of 6 pairs of switch control valves of resistance R Q1 can isolated and weaken to capacitor C 7, increases the load capacity of power supply) in power switch pipe Q2 conducting phase again, reach the base stage conducting of switch control valve Q1 when the voltage on the capacitor C 4 after; The Vce of switch control valve Q1 (voltage between collector and emitter) step-down; Power switch pipe Q2 begin to withdraw from saturation conduction and turn to by, this causes the W1 winding current of transformer T1 to begin to be diminished by maximum, electromagnetic potential overturns once more.
The reverse deflection of W2 winding voltage of transformer T1 at this moment; Electric charge on capacitor C 3 and the power switch pipe Q2 base stage bleeds off through resistance R 5 (also having increased an electric capacity D8, resistance R 12 passages among Fig. 1) thereby through the W2 winding and has quickened power switch pipe Q2 shutoff, forms negative feedback and causes power switch pipe Q2 to end fast.(effect of diode D8 and resistance R 13 is the discharge times of accelerating capacitor C 3 among Fig. 1, and makes power switch pipe Q2 conducting and Schottky tube D21 ON time relatively stable.) ending the stage at power switch pipe Q2, the W2 winding of transformer T1 begins to capacitor C 5 chargings through diode D6.At this moment for Fig. 1 circuit: after the voltage of capacitor C 5 rises to certain value, can make voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 conducting, adjust the ON time of switch control valve Q1, and then reach the adjustment power switch pipe Q2 effect of deadline through resistance R 7.Because of the W2 winding of transformer T1 identical to the phase place that capacitor C 21, C22 charge to capacitor C 5 chargings with the W3 winding; Thereby the voltage of capacitor C 5 and capacitor C 21, C22 can proportionally concern; With the circle of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 magnitude of voltage and winding W2, W3 than relevant, so output voltage can be confirmed by voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 and transformer T1.Power switch pipe Q2 one ends, and the W3 winding voltage of transformer T1 also oppositely makes simultaneously Schottky tube D21 conducting, discharges the energy storage among the transformer T1 for filter capacitor C21, C22 charging and then powering load.This moment is for Fig. 2 circuit: when output voltage when the dividing potential drop of voltage adjuster IC2 reference point surpasses its benchmark; Its negative electrode is low resistive state; Make the first limit of optocoupler IC1 have electric current to flow through, at this moment the base voltage of switch control valve Q1 rises, and switch control valve Q1 ON time prolongs (also being that power switch pipe Q2 is elongated deadline); Drop to set point up to output voltage, enter into dynamic equilibrium.Its process is the base stage ON time of control switch control valve Q1, comes the conducting duty ratio of power controlling switching tube Q2 to reach the effect of control and regulated output voltage.
After the energy storage of transformer had been put basically, the electric current that Schottky tube D21 flows through was reduced to zero, got into the new work period of next round after the resonance condition of transformer T1 entering this moment certain hour.Lean on the electric weight powering load of output capacitance C21, C22 in resonance and power switch pipe Q2 conducting phase, keep output voltage stabilization.
The above is merely the preferred embodiment of the utility model; Not in order to restriction the utility model; Any modification of being done within all spirit and principles at the utility model, be equal to replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within the protection range of the utility model.
Claims (4)
1. auto-excitation type small-power switching power-supply; Comprise: low-frequency ac rectification circuit, switch tube voltage spike absorb circuit, transformer T1, switch control valve Q1, power switch pipe Q2, switching tube starting and self-oscillation generative circuit, output voltage adjustment circuit, output current adjustment circuit and output rectifier and filter; It is characterized in that: switching tube starting and self-oscillation generative circuit comprise diode D8, resistance R 13; Output voltage adjustment circuit comprises voltage-stabiliser tube Z2, Z21; Resistance R 21, output current adjustment circuit comprises resistance R 10, diode D7, capacitor C 7, capacitor C 7 links to each other with the base stage of switch control valve Q1 with a resistance R 6 series connection backs; Diode D8 is with parallelly connected with a resistance R 5 again after resistance R 13 is connected; Resistance R 10 with after a resistance R 9 is connected again and diode D7 be connected in parallel between the emitter or source electrode and ground of power switch pipe Q2, voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 is connected between the node and a capacitor C 5 between two resistance R 3, the R4, is attempted by output after resistance R 21 and the voltage-stabiliser tube Z21 series connection.
2. auto-excitation type small-power switching power-supply; Comprise: low-frequency ac rectification circuit, switch tube voltage spike absorb circuit, transformer T1, switch control valve Q1, power switch pipe Q2, switching tube starting and self-oscillation generative circuit, output voltage adjustment circuit, output current adjustment circuit and output rectifier and filter; It is characterized in that: output current adjustment circuit comprises capacitor C 7, resistance R 10 and diode D7; Capacitor C 7 and the base stage that is connected to switch control valve Q1 after a resistance R 6 is connected, resistance R 10 with after a resistance R 9 is connected again and diode D7 be connected in parallel between the emitter and ground of power switch pipe Q2.
3. auto-excitation type small-power switching power-supply as claimed in claim 2 also comprises an output over-voltage protection circuit, and said output over-voltage protection circuit comprises the voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 that is connected between transformer T1 and the capacitor C 7, and the voltage-stabiliser tube Z21 that is connected output.
4. auto-excitation type small-power switching power-supply as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said output voltage adjustment circuit comprises an optocoupler IC1 and the voltage adjuster IC2 that links to each other with optocoupler IC1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202487930U CN202121508U (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2011-07-14 | Self-excited miniwatt switch power supply |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202487930U CN202121508U (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2011-07-14 | Self-excited miniwatt switch power supply |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202121508U true CN202121508U (en) | 2012-01-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202487930U Expired - Fee Related CN202121508U (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2011-07-14 | Self-excited miniwatt switch power supply |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN202121508U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105896990A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏科技大学 | Electric vehicle power supply buck chopper circuit |
| CN109787476A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2019-05-21 | 浙江工业大学 | Auto-excitation type is without bridge rectifier |
| CN111756256A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-09 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Traction power supply equipment |
-
2011
- 2011-07-14 CN CN2011202487930U patent/CN202121508U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105896990A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏科技大学 | Electric vehicle power supply buck chopper circuit |
| CN109787476A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2019-05-21 | 浙江工业大学 | Auto-excitation type is without bridge rectifier |
| CN109787476B (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2024-04-12 | 浙江工业大学 | Self-excitation type bridgeless rectifier |
| CN111756256A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-09 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Traction power supply equipment |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120118 Termination date: 20120714 |